Abstract: Provided herein are methods of decreasing glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) levels in a cell. Such methods include administering an effective amount of a GFAP lowering compound to the cell. Also provided are compounds useful for the treatment of Alexander disease in subjects at risk of or diagnosed with Alexander disease and methods for the identification of such compounds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of at least one compound selected among the synthetic polysulphated oligosaccharides having 1 to 4 ose units and to the salts and complexes thereof as cleaning agents for a wound. The invention can be used in particular for preparing bandages intended for cleaning wounds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of at least one compound of formula (I) or (II), in which R1 is H and n is an integer from 2 to 10, for the preparation of a medicament for treating diseases chosen from the group comprising tumour, cancer, viral disease, bacterial disease, fungal disease, disease of the immune system, auto-immune disease or disease linked to a deficiency in immunostimulation, in human beings and warm-blooded animals. The invention also relates to new products having a mannose or mannitol termination as well as a method for preparing them.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of a specific family of glycerolipid compounds of formula (I) described in the detailed description or the manufacture of a medicament for the prevention or for the treatment of cancer metastasis.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a feed supplement and a feed containing this feed supplement, comprising 1) a homotrimer, heterotrimer, homotetramer and/or heterotetramer of a carbohydrate component selected from the group consisting of a pentose saccharide, a hexose saccharide, glucuronic and galacturonic acid, and 2) a medium-chain fatty acid (MCFA), selected from the group consisting of caproic acid (C6), caprylic (C8), capric (C10) and lauric acid (C12). The invention also refers to the use of the feed supplement or feed in order to improve the efficiency of animal production, such as weight gain, feed conversion, nutritive value, health and wellbeing through the selective elimination of enteropathogens.

Abstract: Compositions and methods are provided related to Pseudomonas bacteria. The compositions and methods may be used for diagnosis and therapy of medical conditions involving infection with Pseudomonas bacteria. Such infections include Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the lungs of patients with cystic fibrosis. A compound useful in the present methods may be used in combination with a therapeutic agent or may be linked to a therapeutic agent. Pseudomonas bacteria may be inhibited by blocking colonization, inhibiting virulence factors, arresting growth or killing the bacteria.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the prevention/treatment of ichthyosis vulgaris (IV), atopy and potentially other disorders associated with loss-of-function mutations in the filaggrin gene sequence. The prevention/therapy is based on the use of agents which enable the host's translational machinery to read through a nonsense mutation found in a mutant allele of the filaggrin gene.

Abstract: Provided herein are small molecule stimulators of neuronal growth, their preparation, and their use for treatment of neurological disorders. In one embodiment, provided herein are methods of treatment, prevention, or amelioration of a variety of medical conditions associated with neurological disorders using the compounds and compositions provided herein.

Abstract: The invention provides compositions and methods for utilizing synthetic human milk oligosaccharides as prebiotics.

Abstract: There is provided a method for suppressing a pro-inflammatory immune response in a cell, comprising providing to a cell sialic acid or analogs thereof, wherein the sialic acid or analogs are presented by a substrate such that a pro-inflammatory immune response in a cell is suppressed or an anti-inflammatory immune response is increased in a cell. Further, there is provided a method of treatment of inflammatory disease in a subject in need thereof. There is also provided a drug delivery device and a biomaterial which can modulate the inflammatory response in a subject.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods and compositions for the synthesis, production, and use of pro-drug analogs. This invention relates to a method for the production of a broad group of glycosylated drugs, including but not limited to propofol, acetaminophen, and camptothecin carbohydrate derivatives.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I) wherein: X is (A) or (B); Y is O or a bond; R1 is —C(O)—O—R3 or R2 is hydrogen, cyano, C1-C6 alkyl, or C3-C6 cycloalkyl; R5 is hydrogen, cyano, nitro, C1-C6 fluoroalkyl, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, fluoroalkoxy, or C3-C6 cycloalkyl; R6 is hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, —C(O)—NH2, or C1-C6 alkyl substituted with hydroxy or C1-C6 alkoxy; m is 1 or 2, wherein when m is 1 then R8 is hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, —CH2—(C1-C5)haloalkyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, or C1-C6 alkyl substituted with hydroxy; and when m is 2 then each R8 is independently C1-C3 alkyl or —CH2—(C1—C2)haloalkyl; modulate the activity of the G-protein-coupled receptor GPR119 and their uses in the treatment of diseases linked to the modulation of the G-protein-coupled receptor GPR119 in animals are described herein.

Abstract: A method for promoting expression of a heat shock protein, or for inhibiting cell injury or cell death, or for treating a disease for which cell or tissue protection is desired, or for promoting production of IL-10, or for inhibiting production of IL-8, by administering an effective amount of a fraction containing a hyaluronic acid tetrasaccharide comprising four saccharide residues and having certain physicochemical properties or by administering an effective amount of an isolated and substantially pure tetrasaccharide of formula (1) described in the application. Methods for preserving an organ.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to novel therapeutic compounds comprised of an amino acid bonded to a medicament or drug having a hydroxy, amino, carboxy or acylating derivative thereon. These high therapeutic index derivatives have the same utility as the drug from which they are made, and they have enhanced pharmacological and pharmaceutical properties. In fact, the novel drug derivatives of the present invention enhance at least one therapeutic quality, as defined herein. The present invention is also directed to pharmaceutical compositions containing same.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions that bind to a predicted FK506 Binding Protein 52 (FKBP52) interaction surface on the androgen receptor hormone binding domain, otherwise known as FKBP52 Targeting Agents (FTAs) are provided. These compositions of the present invention are found to specifically recognize the FKBP52 regulatory surface on the androgen receptor and inhibit FKBP52 from functionally interacting with the androgen receptor. Compositions comprising the pharmaceutical composition, as well as methods of use, treatment and screening are also provided.

Abstract: Physical crystal structures of a compound of the formula I: are provided including the free base monohydrate thereof (form H-1) and the hydrochloric acid salt thereof, including hydrochloric acid salt containing 0.75 equivalent of H2O (form H0.75-3) and hydrochloric acid salt containing 2 equivalents of H2O (form H2-1), and hydrochloric acid salt Pattern P-5, preferably in substantially pure form, and other forms as described herein, pharmaceutical compositions containing structures of compound I or IA, processes for preparing same, intermediates used in preparing same, and methods of treating diseases such as diabetes using such structures.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods of use for compounds in treating, reducing the incidence, reducing the severity or pathogenesis of an intestinal disease or condition in a subject, including, inter alia, inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising 1.a and/or 1.b according to claim 1 in combination with at least one second therapeutic agent 2 which is suitable in the treatment or prevention of one or more conditions selected from type 1 diabetes mellitus, type 2 diabetes mellitus, impaired glucose tolerance and hyperglycemia. In addition the present invention relates to methods for preventing or treating of metabolic disorders and related conditions.

Abstract: Disclosed is the continuous supplementation of poultry feeding stuffs with paromomycin and the resulting effects of prophylaxis against histomoniasis, ensuing decrease of mortality and the reduction of horizontal spreading of the disease. Also observed are improved zoo-technical performances, increase in weight gain and feed efficiency, both in healthy as well as diseased birds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods and compositions for the synthesis, production, and use of pro-drug propofol analogs. This invention relates to a method for the production of a broad group of glycosylated propofol carbohydrate derivatives.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel botanical compound as provided in structural formula I optionally along with excipients for improving body composition and the factors related to the pre-diabetic and diabetic conditions. It also relates to a process of manufacture of the novel botanical compound for improving body composition and factors related to the pre-diabetic and diabetic conditions. The present invention also relates to the use of the novel botanical compound for improving body composition, reducing body fat, increasing muscle mass, enhancing strength and improving impaired glucose metabolism. The present invention also relates to the use of the novel botanical compound for the improvement of factors related to the pre-diabetic and diabetic conditions.

Abstract: This invention relates, at least in part, to osmotic mediated release barrier-free synthetic nanocarriers and methods of production and use.

Abstract: The invention provides an iron-carbohydrate complex compound which is characterized by a content of iron(II). The invention also provides processes for the preparation of the iron-carbohydrate complex compound and the use thereof for treatment of iron deficiency anaemias.

Abstract: Compositions and methods are provided related to Pseudomonas bacteria. The compositions and methods may be used for diagnosis and therapy of medical conditions involving infection with Pseudomonas bacteria. Such infections include Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the lungs of patients with cystic fibrosis. A compound useful in the present methods may be used in combination with a therapeutic agent or may be linked to a therapeutic agent. Pseudomonas bacteria may be inhibited by blocking colonization, inhibiting virulence factors, arresting growth or killing the bacteria.

Abstract: Compositions, methods and kits are provided for treating a cancer, tumor or pre-cancerous tissue condition resistant to a chemotherapeutic agent, the tissue condition having one or more proteins or tumorigenesis markers induced by, upregulated by or otherwise associated with virus exposure. A marker may be a receptor for, or may operatively regulate production or use of hyuronan, for example by mediating a hyaluronan-associated signal path or affecting expression of a protein or signaling pathway of the diseased tissue. A treatment composition includes a competitor of hyaluronan interactions and further includes or is co-administered with a drug, e.g., a chemotherapy agent to which the virus-associated condition would be resistant absent the hyaluronan or competitor.

Abstract: Acetamide derivatives, their stereoisomers, tautomers, prodrugs, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, polymorphs, solvates and formulations thereof for the prophylaxis, management, treatment, control of progression, or adjunct treatment of diseases and/or medical conditions where the activation of glucokinase would be beneficial, are disclosed. The disclosure also provides process of preparation of these acetamide derivatives.

Abstract: Compounds of Formula (A) and (B) are described herein and the uses thereof for the treatment of diseases, conditions and/or disorders mediated by sodium-glucose transporter inhibitors (in particular, SGLT2 inhibitors).

Abstract: The invention concerns nutritional compositions with fucosyllactose for use in stimulation of NK cells. The composition is suitable for infants.

Abstract: Nutritional compositions with fucosyllactose and betagalactooligosaccharides for use in stimulation of the immune system. The composition is suitable for infants.

Abstract: Disclosed are nutritional compositions including human milk oligosaccharides that can be administered to preterm infants, term infants, toddlers, and children for improving airway defense mechanisms.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition is provided that is useful for reducing sodium in the bloodstream of animals. In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition comprises a high-ion-affinity part and a substrate part. Additionally, methods of using the pharmaceutical composition and methods of treating diseases with the pharmaceutical composition are disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed are nutritional compositions including human milk oligosaccharides that can be administered to preterm infants, term infants, toddlers, and children for reducing inflammation and the incidence of inflammatory diseases.

Abstract: Disclosed are nutritional compositions including human milk oligosaccharides that can be administered to individuals including preterm infants, infants, toddlers, and children for improving gastrointestinal function and tolerance, as well as the growth of beneficial bacteria. Additional suitable methods of using the nutritional compositions including the human milk oligosaccharides are also disclosed.

Abstract: A composition nutritional containing dietary fibres is useful for the treatment of muscle wasting, if the dietary fibre comprise at least 30 wt. % of galacto-oligosaccharides or other oligosaccharides having mainly anhydropyranose units, and having a chain length of 3-10 units. The composition may further contain other oligo- or polysaccharides, especially polysaccharides having a majority of anhydrofuranose units.

Abstract: The invention relates to nutritional and pharmaceutical compositions comprising non-digestible galactooligosaccharides (GOS) and uses thereof. In particular, it relates to the use of GOS species in preventing or treating disease caused by bacterial toxins. Provided is the use of GOS having a polymerization degree of 5 or higher, preferably 6 or higher, for the manufacture of a nutritional or pharmaceutical composition for the treatment or prevention of an acute or chronic disease associated with or caused by the adhesion and/or uptake of a cholera toxin family member. Also provided is a method for providing a GOS fraction capable of inhibiting cholera toxin (Ctx) binding to GM1 and fractions obtainable thereby.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a nutritional composition comprising at least two different beta-galacto-oligosaccharides (BGOS) A and B wherein the majority of linkages between two galactose residues in BGOS A are beta 1,4 and/or beta 1,6, and the majority of linkages between two galactose residues in BGOS B are beta 1,3. Such mixtures show superior effects on the immune system and are particularly suitable for infant nutrition.

Abstract: Compositions and methods are provided for predicting inhibitors of protein targets related to treatment of infectious disease, for example, bacterial, viral, or parasitic diseases. Methods are provided for predicting inhibitors of protein targets related to treatment infectious disease, for example, microbial disease, utilizing a docking with dynamics protocol to identify inhibitors, or utilizing a protein structure energy function to identify peptide or peptidomimetic inhibitors.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of injectable ready-to-use paste bone cement compositions by mixing a dry inorganic bone cement powder comprising a particulate calcium sulfate hemihydrate capable of hardening in vivo by hydration of the calcium sulfate hemihydrate forming calcium sulfate dihydrate, an aqueous liquid and an additive that normally retards the setting process, said method comprising a) providing a bone cement powder comprising calcium sulfate hemihydrate, an accelerator for the hardening of the calcium sulfate hemihydrate by hydration, said accelerator being selected from the group consisting of saline and calcium sulfate dihydrate, and a powdered calcium phosphate component b) mixing the bone cement powder with the aqueous liquid for a period of time c) leaving the mixture for the time needed for allowing the hydration reaction of the calcium sulfate hemihydrate to proceed and allowing calcium sulfate dihydrate crystals to form and grow, and d) admixing the additive by means of a short-duration m

Abstract: Provided herein are compounds of formula I: wherein A, B, X, R1, R2 and subscript n are as defined in the following disclosure. Compositions comprising the compounds are also provided, as well as methods for their use, for example, in treatment of type 2 diabetes and type 2 diabetes-related conditions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the discovery that acetylsalicylic acid (ASA or aspirin), salicylic acid (SA) and related salicylate esters and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, when coadministered in effective amounts with a drug or other bioactive agent which typically (in the absence of the salicylate compound) produces significant hepatotoxicity as a secondary indication, will substantially reduce or even eliminate such hepatotoxicity. Favorable therapeutic intervention results from the use of the present invention having the effect of reducing hepatotoxicity associated with the administration of certain drugs and other bioactive agents and in certain instances of allowing the administration of higher doses of a compound which, without the coadministration, would produce hepatotoxicity which limits or even negates the therapeutic value of the compound.

Abstract: Use of an adsorbent and a sealed package (e.g. an overwrap) to protect a pharmaceutical product in a solid state in the presence of a reducing sugar.

Abstract: The present invention provide a compound represented by the following formula (1) wherein each symbol is as defined in the specification, or a salt thereof. The compound of the present invention and a salt thereof can preferentially induce production of IL-4, which is one kind of cytokines that control action of immunocytes. Therefore, it is useful for the prophylaxis or treatment of autoimmune diseases, infectious diseases and the like, and prophylaxis or treatment of diseases caused by functional promotion of Th1 cells.

Abstract: There is provided a therapeutic agent for treating osteoarthritis, which is a drug comprising hyaluronan as an active ingredient. The hyaluronan is preferably a tetrasaccharide including two units, with a single unit being -D-glucuronic acid-?-1,3-D-N-acetylglucosamine-?-1,4- (HA4).

Abstract: A low-glycemic available carbohydrate composition of the invention contains the following components: (i) 5-60 wt. % of one or more monosaccharides selected from monosaccharides other than glucose and fructose, in particular galactose, ribose and mannose; (ii) 15-95 wt. % of oligosaccharides having a length of 2 to 20 anhydromonose units, at least half of which are anhydroglucose units linked by non-?-1,4 bonds; these oligosaccharides preferably comprising disaccharides such as palatinose, isomaltose and trehalose and/or non-?-1,4 linked higher glucose-containing oligosaccharides; (iii) 0-45 wt. % of other available carbohydrates, such as glucose and maltodextrins. This carbohydrate composition can be part of a food composition for the treatment of diabetes, obesitas, insulin resistance, or for postprandial glucose response.

Abstract: A composition nutritional containing dietary fibres is useful for the treatment of muscle wasting, if the dietary fibre comprise at least 30 wt. % of galacto-oligosaccharides or other oligosaccharides having mainly anhydropyranose units, and having a chain length of 3-10 units. The composition may further contain other oligo- or polysaccharides, especially polysaccharides having a majority of anhydrofuranose units.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of a galactooligosaccharide in the prevention or treatment of an inflammatory disorder, in particular an intestinal inflammatory disorder.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition comprising a combination of (A) a 1-thio-D-glucitol compound represented by the general formula (I) and (B) at least one member of the group consisting of biguanides, insulin secretagogues, insulin sensitizers, insulins, dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitors, ?-glucosidase inhibitors, and GLP-1 mimetics, has superior efficacy in preventing or treating diabetes mellitus, diseases associated with diabetes mellitus, or complications of diabetes mellitus and yet it causes no appreciable side effects.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition and uses thereof for treatment of damaged tissue comprising at least one essential amino acid in L form and at least one essential lipid; wherein the composition is administered to a mammal suffering from severe tissue damage. The invention further relates to a composition and uses thereof comprising the mixture of one or more free L-amino acids in which the molar ratio of the free L-amino acids corresponds to the molar ratio of amino components in a mammalian tissue protein; and at least one essential lipid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to semisolid transdermal pharmaceutical preparation having enhanced stability and bioavailability, wherein the particles are coated by a volatile silicon oil component and the thus obtained suspension is dispersed in a gel or cream base.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition including proton pump inhibitors and prebiotics is proposed for the treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcer, this allowing effective ulcer treatment and eradication of H. pylori from the gastric and duodenal mucosa to be carried out without using wide-spectrum antibiotics. The comprehensive treatment of ulcer disease associated with a helicobaterial infection using a pharmaceutical composition of a PPI and a prebiotic makes it possible, in conditions of an elevated pH of the stomach contents, actively to stimulate the growth of lactobacilli in the upper sections of the gastrointestinal tract, including the duodenum, and substantially to increase the titre of lactobacilli, which are antagonists of H. pylori, which greatly improves the effectiveness of the ulcer treatment.