Abstract: A prepolymer composition for producing polyurethane insulating foams with fire-retardant properties from pressure tanks which consists of a prepolymer component with at least one PU prepolymer with a content of NCO groups of 4 to 20 wt % and usual additives, as well as a propellant component, wherein the prepolymer component is substantially halogenfree and has 5 to 40 wt %, based on the prepolymer component, of softening phosphates and/or phosphonates with the formulae O═P(OR3 and O═P(OR)2R.

Abstract: The invention relates to the technological sector of mineral fillers used in the sector which manufactures polyurethane foams and in particular fillers of the carbonate, hydroxide, silicate, sulphate type and similar mineral fillers.

Abstract: A two-component on-site foam system for producing an intumescing fire protection foam is described with a density of less than 200 kg/m3 and an increased fire resistance endurance, with a polyol component (A), which contains at least one polyol, one catalyst for the reaction between the polyol and the polyisocyanate, water or a blowing agent based on a compressed or liquefied gas as foam-forming agent and at least one intumescing material based on an acid-forming agent, a carbon-supplying compound and a gas-forming agent, and a polyisocyanate component (B), which contains at least one polyisocyanate, wherein the polyol component (A) contains at least one polyester polyol, at least one aminopolyol, at least one halogen-containing polyol, at least one acid-forming agent, expanding graphite and at least one ash crust stabilizer, the quantitative ratios of the polyols to the polyisocyanate or polyisocyanates being matched so that, when the polyol component (A) is mixed with the polyisocyanate component (B) as spe

Abstract: A scorch inhibitor composition for use an additive in the manufacture of polyurethane foams is based on a derivatized phenol, 4-tertbutyl catechol, and optionally, phenothiazine. The derivatized phenol is a di-tert-butyl phenol, preferably a 2,6 tert-butyl phenol substituted at least at the 4-position with an aliphatic, aromatic or aliphatic-aromatic moiety, of C2 or greater. Preferably, the phenol is a liquid, and is chosen from among 2,6 di-tert-butyl-4-isobutyl phenol; 2,6 di-tert-butyl-4-nonyl phenol; and benzenepropanoic acid, 3,5-bis (1,1-dimethyl-ethyl)-4-hydroxy-.C7-C9 branched alkyl esters. The phenol may optionally possess combinations of heteroatoms, such as O, N, P or S, and may be dimerized.

Abstract: Flame retardants for polymer compositions which are mixtures including triaryl phosphate esters represented by the following formula: where R1-R15 can independently be located in the ortho, meta or para positions on their respective phenol rings and are, independently, H or branched or linear alkyl groups having 3 to 11 carbon atoms and the mole ratio of the alkylate to phenol in the mixtures is at least about 0.77, preferably greater than about 0.81, and most preferably greater than about 0.85. The higher alkylated mixtures of triaryl phosphate esters can be incorporated into polymer compositions alone or in combination with other flame retardants.

Abstract: A method of making a molecularly imprinted porous structure makes use of a surfactant analog of the molecule to be imprinted that has the imprint molecule portion serving as the surfactant headgroup. The surfactant analog is allowed to self-assemble in a mixture to create at least one supramolecular structure having exposed imprint groups. The imprinted porous structure is formed by adding reactive monomers to the mixture and allowing the monomers to polymerize, with the supramolecular structure serving as a template. The resulting solid structure has a shape that is complementary to the shape of the supramolecular structure and has cavities that are the mirror image of the imprint group. Similarly, molecularly imprinted particles may be made by using the surfactant to create a water-in-oil microemulsion wherein the imprint groups are exposed to the water phase.

Abstract: The invention relates to a halogen-free, pentane-blown, flame-retardant rigid polyurethane foam, wherein oxalkylated alkylphosphonic acids are present as flame retardants. The invention further relates to a process for producing halogen-free, pentane-blown, flame-retardant rigid polyurethane foams, which comprises using oxalkylated alkylphosphonic acids as flame retardants. Finally, the invention also relates to the use of oxalkylated alkylphosphonic acids of the formula I as halogen-free flame retardants for producing flame-retardant rigid polyurethane foams.

Abstract: A method of making a molecularly imprinted porous structure makes use of a surfactant analog of the molecule to be imprinted that has the imprint molecule portion serving as the surfactant headgroup. The surfactant analog is allowed to self-assemble in a mixture to create at least one supramolecular structure having exposed imprint groups. The imprinted porous structure is formed by adding reactive monomers to the mixture and allowing the monomers to polymerize, with the supramolecular structure serving as a template. The resulting solid structure has a shape that is complementary to the shape of the supramolecular structure and has cavities that are the mirror image of the imprint group. Similarly, molecularly imprinted particles may be made by using the surfactant to create a water-in-oil microemulsion wherein the imprint groups are exposed to the water phase.

Abstract: The invention relates to a halogen-free, water-blown, flame-retardant rigid polyurethane foam, which comprises oxalkylated alkylphosphonic acids as flame retardant. The invention further relates to a process for producing halogen-free, water-blown, flame-retardant rigid polyurethane foams, which comprises using oxalkylated alkylphosphonic acids as flame retardant. Finally, the invention relates also to the use of oxalkylated alkylphosphonic acids of the formula I as halogen-free flame retardants for producing flame-retardant rigid polyurethane foams.

Abstract: The invention relates to a halogen-free, flame-retardant rigid polyurethane foam, wherein a combination of oxalkylated alkylphosphonic acids and ammonium polyphosphate is present as flame retardant, and to a process for its production. The invention also relates to the use of oxalkylated alkylphosphonic acids in a mixture with ammonium polyphosphate for producing halogen-free, flame-retardant rigid polyurethane foams of this type.

Abstract: Aqueous urea and/or aqueous urea condensate and/or aqueous urea composition may be utilized to fight grass, forest, building, and other flammable organic material by applying it to these flammable organic materials. The aqueous urea and/or aqueous urea condensate and/or aqueous composition may also be incorporated into flammable materials such as solid and foam plastic and natural materials. Aqueous urea composition are produced by adding and mixing carbon auxiliaries, such as phosphorus containing compounds, metal containing compounds that will accelerate carbonization, heat reflector, surfactant and fillers to the aqueous urea.

Abstract: A method of making a molecularly imprinted porous structure makes use of a surfactant analog of the molecule to be imprinted that has the imprint molecule portion serving as the surfactant headgroup. The surfactant analog is allowed to self-assemble in a mixture to create at least one supramolecular structure having exposed imprint groups. The imprinted porous structure is formed by adding reactive monomers to the mixture and allowing the monomers to polymerize, with the supramolecular structure serving as a template. The resulting solid structure has a shape that is complementary to the shape of the supramolecular structure and has cavities that are the mirror image of the imprint group. Similarly, molecularly imprinted particles may be made by using the surfactant to create a water-in-oil microemulsion wherein the imprint groups are exposed to the water phase.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of flame-resistant flexible polyurethane foams having a low susceptibility to core discoloration, which comprises using hydroxyalkyl phosphonates as halogen-free flame retardants and as core discoloration inhibitors. The invention furthermore relates to the use of hydroxyalkyl phosphonates as halogen-free flame retardants for the production of flame-resistant flexible polyurethane foams having a low susceptibility to core discoloration. Finally the invention also relates to a flame resistant flexible polyurethane foam having a low susceptibility to core discoloration which comprises hydroxyalkyl phosphonates as halogen-free flame retardants and as core discoloration inhibitor.

Abstract: Described is an NCO-group-containing polyurethane prepolymer madefrom polyisocanyates and polyols derived from natural oils. The invention is characterized in that the polyol is obtained by transesterification in the presence of basic lithium compounds. Together with a tertiary amine used to accelerate the moisture curing, the storage stability is thus increased considerably. Up to 4.0 mmol of the lithium compound is used per kilogram of polyol, and 0.1 to 2.0% by wt. of the amine, relative to the total weight of the composition, is used as the accelerator. The polyurethane prepolymer is suitable not only for the production of adhesives but also for the production of foamed materials, in particular those dispensed from throw-away pressure vessels.

Abstract: An insulated structure is formed by injection of a foamed thermal-insulating material created by foaming into a space between a plastic board and metal plate with a disposition of copper pipes. A non-halogenated organophosphorus compound having a molecular weight over 150 as an additive with an OH group as a functional group is mixed with the raw materials of the foamed thermal-insulating material including polyol, a foam stabilizer, a catalyst, a foaming agent having at least one component of hydrocarbon, and an organic polyisocyanates. By adding a non-halogenated organophosphorus compound, which has a molecular weight over 150 as an additive with an OH group as a functional group, the burning rate of the foamed thermal-insulating material becomes the same as that of the foamed thermal-insulating material which uses CFC11 as a foaming agent.

Abstract: Rigid polyurethane or urethane modified polyisocyanurate foams having improved flame resistance are disclosed. The foams are prepared from a composition containing (a) an isocyanate, (b) an isocyanate reactive composition, (c) a hydrocarbon/water blowing agent and (d) a phosphorus material.

Abstract: The invention relates to a halogen-free, flame-retardant rigid polyurethane foam, wherein a combination of oxalkylated alkylphosphonic acids and ammonium polyphosphate is present as flame retardant, and to a process for its production.

Abstract: A method of making a molecularly imprinted porous structure makes use of a surfactant analog of the molecule to be imprinted that has the imprint molecule portion serving as the surfactant headgroup. The surfactant analog is allowed to self-assemble in a mixture to create at least one supramolecular structure having exposed imprint groups. The imprinted porous structure is formed by adding reactive monomers to the mixture and allowing the monomers to polymerize, with the supramolecular structure serving as a template. The resulting solid structure has a shape that is complementary to the shape of the supramolecular structure and has cavities that are the mirror image of the imprint group. Similarly, molecularly imprinted particles may be made by using the surfactant to create a water-in-oil microemulsion wherein the imprint groups are exposed to the water phase.

Abstract: The invention relates to a halogen-free, water-blown, flame-retardant rigid polyurethane foam, which comprises oxalkylated alkylphosphonic acids as flame retardant.

Abstract: A flame retardant blend is disclosed that comprises: (a) a monomeric halogenated organic flame retardant that is adapted for use in a polyurethane foam formulation; and (b) an oligomeric organophosphate flame retardant having a phosphorus content of no less than about 10%, by weight, and at least three phosphate ester units therein, the amount of (a) in the blend being no less than the amount of (b). It is useful in polyurethane foams.

Abstract: Titanates and zirconates bearing organic substituents can act as corrosion inhibitors when added to foamable compositions based on thermosettable synthetic resins such as epoxy resins. Combinations of organometallates containing certain specific types of substituents provide synergistic improvements in the properties of structural reinforcement foams obtained by heating and curing the foamable compositions.

Abstract: Method for the treatment of mineral fillers using organic phosphate treatment agents. Treated mineral fillers obtained by said method and suspension of these treated mineral fillers in polyols. Use of these suspensions in the manufacture of flexible, semirigid, or rigid polyurethane foams used for the manufacture of molded or nonmolded objects.

Abstract: Titanates and zirconates bearing organic substituents can act as corrosion inhibitors when added to foamable compositions based on thermosettable synthetic resins such as epoxy resins. Combinations of organometallates containing certain specific types of substituents provide synergistic improvements in the properties of structural reinforcement foams obtained by heating and curing the foamable compositions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an ablative fire resistant hydrophilic polyurea foam made from low molecular weight polyols capped with an isocyanate, with the polyol mixture including a fire retardant polyol that preferably includes carborane disilanol, with the fire retardant polyol containing the carborane disilanol imparting superior fire retardancy characteristics. The present invention also relates to a prepolymer for forming the polyurea foam and the present invention especially relates to the use of a carborane disilanol fire retardant polyol. The present invention also relates to a method for forming the polyurea foam and the prepolymer.

Abstract: A fire retardant coating composition which comprises expandable graphite particles, a solid absorbent material, a polymeric binder, a carbonific material, a blowing agent, a solvent and a rheology modifier. The expandable graphite particles include from about 20 to about 95% by weight of the combined amount of expandable graphite particles and solid absorbent material. The polymeric binder comprises from about 10 to about 50% by weight of the combined amount of the polymeric binder, the expandable graphite particles, and the solid absorbent material. The carbonific material comprises from about 0 to about 70% by weight of the combined amount of the carbonific material and the polymeric binder. Similarly, the blowing agent comprises from about 0 to about 70% by weight of the combined amount of the blowing agent and the polymeric material. The solvent comprises from about 25 to about 50% by weight of the total composition. The rheology modifier is present in an amount of from 0.

Abstract: Stable high internal phase water-in-oil emulsions containing polymerizable vinyl monomers, crosslinking monomers and initiators are obtained, useful in producing low density porous crosslinked polymeric materials by using a surfactant system containing (a) an anionic surfactant, the anionic surfactant having an oil soluble tail and an anionic functional group and (b) one or more quatemary salts having one or more hydrocarbon groups having greater than or equal to 8 carbon atoms. A water-in-oil emulsion can be formed with lower surfactant concentration than sorbitan fatty acid ester alone and improved surfactant performance at elevated temperatures is obtained.

Abstract: A method is provided for molecularly imprinting the surface of a sol-gel material, by forming a solution comprised of a sol-gel material, a solvent, an imprinting molecule, and a functionalizing siloxane monomer of the form Si(OR).sub.3-n X.sub.n, wherein n is an integer between zero and three and X is a functional group capable of reacting with the imprinting molecule, evaporating the solvent, and removing the imprinting molecule to form the molecularly imprinted metal oxide sol-gel material. The use of metal oxide sol-gels allows the material porosity, pore size, density, surface area, hardness, electrostatic charge, polarity, optical density, and surface hydrophobicity to be tailored and be employed as sensors and in catalytic and separations operations.

Abstract: Provided is a foamable, phenolic resin composition adapted to form a closed-cell phenolic resin foam under substantially atmospheric pressure. The foamable, phenolic resin composition is formulated from a resol resin, a blowing agent, and a bond strength enhancing agent and/or a phenolic resin nucleating agent. The present invention also relates to a method of forming a closed-cell, phenolic resin foam and a closed-cell phenolic resin foam.

Abstract: The flame-resistant polyurethanes of the invention comprise, as flameproofing agents, mixtures of oligomeric phosphoric acid esters which carry hydroxyalkoxy groups, of the formula I ##STR1## in which q denotes an average chain length of 0.5 to 10, R.sub.1 is a hydroxyl-containing radical of the formula II a,R.sub.2 is a radical of the formula III ##STR2## R.sub.3 is a radical of the formula II b, R.sub.4 is R.sub.1 or R.sub.3 ; R.sub.5,R.sub.6 and R.sub.7 are an H atom or an alkyl radical having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, m is 0 to 4 and n is 1 to 4.

Abstract: The flameproofed, rigid, isocyanate-based foams, in particular rigid polyurethane and polyisocyanurate foams, are produced by reactinga) organic and/or modified organic polyisocyanates withb) at least one relatively high-molecular-weight compound containing at least two reactive hydrogen atoms, and, if desired,c) low-molecular-weight chain extenders and/or crosslinking agents, in the presence ofd) blowing agents,e) catalysts,f) flameproofing agents, and, if desired,g) further auxiliaries and/or additives,wherein the flameproofing agent is a combination of at least one liquid flameproofing agent which is reactive toward isocyanates and at least one solid flameproofing agent.

Abstract: A thermosetting plastic foam solid formed from the reaction product of: (a) either polyisocyanate or isocyanate; (b) a polyol; (c) a catalyst which is capable of promoting the thermosetting reaction between the polyisocyanate or isocyanate and the polyol; and (d) a blowing agent comprised at least partially from a high purity cyclopentane product, wherein the high purity cyclopentane product is about 95% or greater pure cyclopentane, and, optionally, (e) water and/or (f) liquid flame retardant.

Abstract: A thermosetting plastic foam solid formed from the reaction product of: (a) either polyisocyanate or isocyanate; (b) a polyol; (c) a catalyst which is capable of promoting the thermosetting reaction between the polyisocyanate or isocyanate and the polyol; and (d) a blowing agent comprised at least partially from a high purity cyclopentane product, wherein the high purity cyclopentane product is about 95% or greater pure cyclopentane, and, optionally, (e) water and/or (f) liquid flame retardant.

Abstract: The invention relates to a halogen-free, flame retardant rigid polyurethane foam based on polyether-polyols and polyisocyanates, which comprises, as the polyol component, mixtures of nitrogen-free and nitrogen-containing polyether-polyols and, as the flameproofing agent, ammonium polyphosphate.

Abstract: Rigid polyurethane foams, preferably semirigid polyurethane foams, are produced by reacting an organic and/or modified organic polyisocyanates with relatively high molecular weight polyhydroxyl compounds and, optionally, low molecular weight chain extenders and/or crosslinkers in the presence of water or mixtures of water and physically acting blowing agents, optionally, catalysts, at least one additive selected from the group consisting of sulfonate salts of an acid group-containing alkylene oxide polymer, a phosphonate salt of an acid group-containing alkylene oxide polymer, and mixtures thereof, additional other additives and optionally, auxiliaries. The polyurethane foams produced by this process can be used to produce composite comprising at least one covering layer and at least one layer comprising a rigid or semirigid polyurethane foam produced by the process of the present invention.

Abstract: The invention relates to flame retardant polymeric compositions which comprise a halogen-free cyclic phosphoric acid ester of the formula (I) ##STR1## where R=phenyl or methyl substituted phenyl as a flameproofing agent.

Abstract: Rigid foams which possess urethane groups are prepared by reacting polyisocyanates with compounds which possess at least two active hydrogen atoms which are reactive towards isocyanate groups, in the presence of water and alkanes as blowing agent and solution promoters. The solution promoter used is a compound with a polar group.

Abstract: Fluoropolymer having unstable end groups is used to form foamed fluoropolymer structures without added blowing agent.

Abstract: A polyisocyanate having an acid value of at least 0.01% HCl is used to produce polyisocyanate, polyisocyanurate and polyurethane urea foams with an HCFC blowing agent. The use of such a polyisocyanate is advantageous because the polyisocyanate does not cause significant decomposition of the HCFC blowing agent.

Abstract: An expandable poly(vinyl chloride) resin composition for use in powder molding process containing a granular poly(vinyl chloride) resin, a fine-granular poly(vinyl chloride) resin, a plasticizer, a stabilizer, a foaming agent and an alkyl phosphate gives by a powder molding process an expansion-molded article having remarkably strengthened foamed cells and free from the occurrence of surface unevenness caused by polyurethane backing.

Abstract: In the production of a flame resistant, halogen-free polyurethane/polyurea from a polyisocyanate and polyol, wherein to the mixture of polyisocyanate and polyol there is added an amine adduct of an acidic metal salt of the formulaA.sub.1-3 B.sub.0-12 P.sub.3-9 N.sub.4-12 M.sub.0-9 xH.sub.2 O(I),in whichA denotes at least one hydroxide or oxide of a metal selected from the group consisting of aluminum, magnesium, calcium and zinc,B denotes o-boric acid,P denotes an acid containing phosphorus,N denotes at least one of an amine or ammonia,M denotes an alkali metal hydroxide andx denotes an integer from 0 to 90.The products are especially flame resistant foams.

Abstract: A flexible plasticized polyurethane foam is taught in which water is used as the foaming agent and a plasticizer selected from phosphate ester, phthalate and benzoate plasticizers is added to improve the softness and flexibility of the polyurethane.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel polysilicic acid/polyisocyanate basic materials, binding materials and foams with improved mechanical properties as well as a higher resistance against heat and chemicals. It is characteristic of the new base materials that they are built up (composed) of______________________________________ 100 parts by mass of a polyisocyanate, 50-400 parts by mass of a polysilicic acid component, 0.5-70 parts by mass of phosphoric acid triesters and/or salts of phosphoric acid mono- and/or diesters formed with amines and/or alkaline metals, and optionally 0-5 parts by mass of a catalysts containing a tertiary amino group, 0-50 parts by mass of a reactive diluent, 0-10 parts by mass of tenside(s) ______________________________________as well as 0-400% by mass of fillers and optionally other auxiliaries, calculated for the total mass (=100%) of the components listed above.

Abstract: This invention relates to a kind of superfine microelemental biochemical mixture and its foamed plastic products. The mixture contains titanium oxide, zirconia, silica, yttrium oxide, cerium oxide, tin dioxide, silver phosphate and other microelements, and has certain impact on human body's micro-circulation. The plastic products comprise the mixture according to the invention and base materials which conventionally are used in preparation for foamed plastics.

Abstract: A thermosetting plastic foam solid is obtained using a blowing agent comprised at least partially from depolymerization of dicyclopentadiene into essentially pure cyclopentane. This unique hydrocarbon is miscible in polyester polyols, where others, such as extracted cyclopentane, are not. In a blend of 15 parts of liquid flame retardant per hundred parts polyester polyol, the mixture is both stable and has a suitably low viscosity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to hard polyurethane foams. These foams are produced by the reaction of 1) polyisocyanates, with 2) compounds having molecular weights of from 92 to 10,000 and having at least two hydrogen atoms which are reactive with isocyanate groups, in the presence of 3) hydrofluoroalkanes as foaming agents, and 4) solubilizers. Suitable solubilizers comprise one or more of ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 signify C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 -alkyl or together C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 -alkylene and n signifies an integer from 0 to 6; ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1 to R.sup.3 signify C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 -alkyl which is optionally substituted by halogens, C.sub.5 -C.sub.10 -cycloalkyl or optionally substituted aryl; ##STR3## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 signify C.sub.1 -C.sub.16 -alkyl or C.sub.5 -C.sub.10 -cycloalkyl; and/or ##STR4## wherein R signifies C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkyl or C.sub.5 -C.sub.10 cycloalkyl.

Abstract: A flexible polyurethane foam is made by reacting an isocyanate with a polyol in the presence of a foam-forming agent and a fire-retardant additive. The fire-retardant additive comprises melamine and this is used in conjunction with a polyol which is of the polymer-modified polyol kind, i.e. a polyol containing a polymeric substance such as a dispersed alkanolamine/isocyanate polyaddition product.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of expandable thermoplastic polymers by post-impregnation with a blowing agent in aqueous suspension in the presence of a mixture of magnesium pyrophosphate and a sulfonate group-containing extender as suspension stabilizer, in a reactor comprisesa) preparing the magnesium pyrophosphate in the same reactor at below 50.degree. C. by adding a solid magnesium salt in an amount corresponding to an at least 3% stoichiometric excess, based on pyrophosphate, to an aqueous solution of the pyrophosphate,b) heating the suspension medium to from 70.degree. to 140.degree. C. andc) adding the blowing agent in this temperature range.

Abstract: Surfactants for conventional flexible polyurethane foam may be improved by the addition of a minor amount of an organic acid salt.

Abstract: A process for producing polyisocyanurate foam which comprises reacting an organic polyisocyanate with a polyol and water in the presence of a halogen-free aliphatic phosphoric ester having a molecular weight of 140 to 270 and a trimerization catalyst. Polyisocyanurate foams having good adhesion to membrane such as paper, iron, aluminium, plywood and the like can be obtained without use of an volatile blowing agent such as CFCs, HCFCs and HFCs and even at low density according to the present process.

Abstract: A flexible plasticized polyurethane foam is taught in which water is used as the foaming agent and a plasticizer selected from phosphate ester, phthalate and benzoate plasticizers is added to improve the softness and flexibility of the polyurethane.