Abstract: Process for the preparation of cellular products and laminates based on anhydrous furan prepolymers which possess free OH groups, which is carried out at normal temperature using small amounts of silicon tetrachloride and/or phosphorus oxychloride as the crosslinking and expansion agent, characterised in that a combination of a furfuryl alcohol resin and/or a furfural/phenol (phenol and/or bisphenol A) resin with a bishydroxymethylfuran resin is used as the furan prepolymers, without the use of an acid, the silicon tetrachloride and/or phosphorus oxychloride being used in amounts of 0.1 to 5% by weight, based on the resin employed.

Abstract: A method and apparatus or system for the continuous manufacture of building element consisting of a self-supporting framework of tightly compressed solid particles and a foaming material in the shape of a foamed plastic material, includes the use of a filling station where mold bottoms are placed in series on a roller conveyor, assembled with sidewalls and passed along a guide section, wherein particle-shaped filler is supplied from a silo while premixed foam material is injected into the material through nozzle tubes and the components are mixed before being injected into the mold and compressed. After placing of a top wall on each of the molds, these are passed under a roller conveyor, and while the molds are moved ahead between the roller conveyors and possibly roller conveyors outside the sidewalls, the foam material binds the particles together to form a monolithic unit which will set before the molds leave the roller conveyors.

Abstract: A composition for making a cellular thermoset polymer comprised of polymerized units of dicyclopentadiene monomer. The composition includes dicyclopentadiene, a catalyst, and a blowing agent.

Abstract: Reinforced cellular or noncellular molded polyurethane parts are prepared by heating a mixture of reinforcing materials and a heat-curable composition of polyisocyanates and polyols in an open or closed mold, said composition being storage-stable at room temperature and containing, optionally, auxiliaries and additives. In said composition, the polyisocyanate is dispersed in the form of discreet particles having particle diameters from 0.1 to 150 .mu.m in the polyol and the polyisocyanate particles are deactivated on their surfaces such that from 0.01 to 20 equivalent percent of the total available isocyanate groups are deactivated and such that the ratio of free isocyanate groups to hydroxyl groups is from 0.7:1 to 2.5:1.The polyurethane molded parts are suitable for use as self-supporting trim parts, reinforcement parts, or molded parts for various applications.

Abstract: Foamed resinous products having excellent fire resistance, high thermal insulation and good resistance to heat are obtained at temperatures as low as room temperature and without the need for an added blowing agent by forming a mixture of a phenolic resole having a specified reactivity, an acid hardener for the resole and, uniformly dispersed through the mixture of resole and hardener, at least 20% by weight of a finely divided inert and insoluble particulate solid; products capable of being employed as wood-substitutes are obtained when a dihydric compound is included in the mixture and the solid is talc, fly ash and/or a hydraulic cement.

Abstract: A dry-type textile cleaning article is disclosed which comprises a friable hydrophilic polyurethane foam body which incorporates abrasive particles, solvents, surfactants, and adjuvants such as fragrance, biocides, and fiber emollients. When rubbed over a textile surface the foam body yields shreds which are effective to remove both liquid and dry soils from textiles.

Abstract: A composition useful in producing an open-cell, elastomeric silicone foam combines a silicone oil-in-water emulsion, which forms an elastomer upon removal of the water, with an aerosol propellant. When the composition is discharged to atmospheric pressure, a froth is formed. Removing water from the froth yields an open-cell foam. The froth is stabilized by surfactants, thickeners, or froth stabilizers selected from fibers or lauryl alcohol.

Abstract: A dry-type carpet cleaning composition is disclosed which comprises shreds of a hydrophilic polyurethane foam which incorporates abrasive particles surfactants, and adjuvants such as fragrance, solvents, anti-static agents and fiber emollients. The foam shreds are effective to clean both wet and dry carpeting since they are highly water-absorbent and can be readily removed from the carpet surface when wet.

Abstract: Polyorganosiloxane foams exhibiting a desirable combination of low density, an average cell size below 4 mm. and an average cell concentration greater than 4 per linear centimeter are obtained by dispensing oxygen curable mercaptoorganosiloxane compositions containing a cobaltocene catalyst, a dispersed liquid or gaseous blowing agent and, as a foam stabilizer, a resinous organosiloxane copolymer comprising trimethylsiloxy units, SiO.sub.4/2 units and specified fluorine-containing organosiloxane units. The polymer portion of the composition includes at least one polyorganosiloxane containing at least 20 mole percent of dimethylsiloxane units and an average of more than 2 mercaptoalkyl or mercaptoalkylene groups per molecule.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a fiber reinforced silicone foam is described. An aqueous silicone emulsion that cures upon drying at ambient temperature to an elastomeric film is combined with inorganic fibers having a diameter of less than 25 micrometers and a length of less than 10 mm to form a mixture. Air is dispersed through the mixture to form a stable froth. Removing the water from the stable froth yields an open-cell foam having cell walls comprising a thin layer of silicone elastomer reinforced with fibers. If electrically conductive fibers are used, the foam can be electrically conductive.

Abstract: A composite cleaning pad is provided which incorporates a sheet of open-celled reticulated, hydrophillic polyurethane foam which integrally incorporates silane-coupled abrasives and a gelled aqueous phase and a textile sheet which covers a surface of the foam sheet and is bonded thereto.

Abstract: Moisture curable, foamable compositions that do not slump appreciably in the uncured state when applied on a vertical surface, consist essentially of an RTV elastomeric composition, from 10 to 50 weight percent of a liquified blowing agent and less than 12 weight percent finely divided filler. The RTV elastomeric composition comprises the product obtained by mixing at least two moisture curable polydiorganosiloxanes with an effective amount of a moisture reactive crosslinker. A graft copolymer derived from a liquid polydiorganosiloxane and an ethylenically unsaturated organic monomer constitutes from 5 to 80 weight percent of the polydiorganosiloxanes.

Abstract: A water and oil absorbant concrete cleaning composition is disclosed comprising shreds of a hydrophilic, open-celled, solids-loaded polyurethane foam. Methods are also disclosed to bind the solids to the cellular foam matrix.

Abstract: The invention is directed to insulation, methods of insulation, and methods of making insulation with biogenetic silica particles in amorphous state and having a substantially porous skeletal structure. The insulation is not compacted or densified.

Abstract: Moisture curable, foamable compositions that do not slump appreciably in the uncured state when applied on a vertical surface, consist essentially of an RTV elastomeric composition, from 10 to 50 weight percent of a liquified blowing agent and at least 12 weight percent finely divided filler. The RTV elastomeric composition comprises the product obtained by mixing at least two moisture curable polydiorganosiloxanes with an effective amount of a moisture reactive crosslinker. A graft copolymer derived from a liquid polydiorganosiloxane and an ethylenically unsaturated organic monomer constitutes from 5 to 80 weight percent of the polydiorganosiloxanes.

Abstract: An absorbent floor cleaning composition is disclosed comprising shreds of a hydrophilic, open-celled, solids-loaded polyurethane foam having an aqueous phase releasably absorbed therein. The composition is particularly effective to clean flooring fouled with oily or greasy soils.

Abstract: An absorbent floor cleaning composition is disclosed comprising shreds of a hydrophilic, open-celled, solids-loaded polyurethane foam having an aqueous phase releasably absorbed therein. The composition is particularly effective to clean flooring fouled with oily or greasy soils.

Abstract: Moisture curable, foamable compositions, that do not slump appreciably in the uncured state when applied on a vertical surface, consist essentially of an RTV elastomeric composition, a liquified blowing agent and finely divided silica. The RTV elastomeric composition comprises the product obtained by mixing (1) at least two hydroxyl endblocked polymers selected from diorganosiloxane homopolymers and copolymers, and (2) an effective amount of a moisture reactive crosslinker for the hydroxyl endblocked polymer where from 0 to 80% by weight of said hydroxyl enblocked polymers is a graft copolymer derived from a liquid polydiorganosiloxane and an ethylenically unsaturated organic monomer. When the silica content is less than 10 percent by weight of the composition or the blowing agent concentration exceeds 20 percent by weight of said composition, the composition contains a slump inhibiting amount of said graft copolymer.

Abstract: Polyorganosiloxane foams are obtained by blending, dispensing and curing two-part polyorganosiloxane compositions comprising a liquid hydroxyl endblocked polydimethylsiloxane, a liquid alkyl orthosilicate as the curing agent, a catalytically effective amount of a tin compound, a blowing agent and, as a foam stablilizer, a resinous organosiloxane copolymer comprising trimethylsiloxy units, SiO.sub.4/2 units and a specified class of fluorine-containing organosiloxane units.

Abstract: Sprayable urethane resin compositions and a process for preparing the sprayable resin compositions particularly with reinforcing materials such as chopped fiberglass, which process comprises reacting generally equal volumes of A and B side mixtures in a sprayable reaction to form a fast reacting, fast curing urethane resin, the A side mixture comprising an MDI or an MDI prepolymer prepared by reacting an MDI with a triol and a B side mixture comprising an auto catalytic, aromatic amine polyol having a hydroxyl number ranging from about 300 to 600, a viscosity reducing amount of a tetraethylene glycol and a catalyst to affect the rapid reaction and cure of the A and B side mixtures on spraying, the process may optionally include the incorporation of reinforcing materials, such as glass fibers and optionally may include the use of blowing agents to provide a lower density reinforced cured product.

Abstract: The control of bacterial growth in biomedical devices using isothiazolones.

Abstract: An absorbent floor cleaning and waxing composition is disclosed comprising shreds of a hydrophilic, open-celled, solids-loaded polyurethane foam having an aqueous wax emulsion releasably incorporated therein. The composition is effective to replace soiled coatings of floor wax with fresh floor wax.

Abstract: Moisture curable, foamable compositions that do not flow appreciably in the uncured state when applied on a vertical surface comprise an RTV elastomeric composition, a liquified blowing agent and finely divided silica in combination with either small diameter glass, metal or graphite fibers or carbon black. The RTV elastomeric composition comprises (1) at least one hydroxyl endblocked diorganosiloxane homopolymer or graft copolymer, and (2) an effective amount of a moisture reactive crosslinker for the hydroxyl endblocked polymer.

Abstract: Non-burning, non-dripping instant set microcellular polyurethanes involving an isocyanate-terminated reaction product of polyisocyanate with low molecular weight polyether polyol or polyol blends in the presence of other ingredients such as inert liquids with boiling points above about 150.degree. Celsius and accelerating agents for urethane formation. Specifically, this invention provides an improved mode for flame retarding polyurethane compositions by incorporating a mixture of dibromoneopentyl glycol (DBNG) or its esters and a non-reactive flame retardant plasticizer when dissolved or dispersed into the urethane polymer. Molecular sieves are included, which enhance char formation. The compositions have applications with stringent fire retardancy standards, such as electrical insulators, industrial housings, annular spacers, decorative objects, furniture or furniture components, gear and machine components, agricultural components and other related areas.

Abstract: A fire retardant, intumescent composition is provided which comprises a mixture of alkali metal silicate, represented by the formula M.sub.2 O:xSiO.sub.2 in which M is the alkali metal; an oxy boron compound selected from boric acid or salts of Group I and II elements; and water; in which the weight ratio x ranges from about 1.5 to about 4, the molar ratio of boron to M is between 0.2 and 0.9, and the water comprises about 5 to 15 weight percent of the total composition. These compositions are made by mixing an alkali metal silicate sol with a borate (e.g., boric acid) to form a gel which is dried in an oven. The resulting residue is crumbled to granules. A fire retardant which is relatively insoluble and has improved stability to long term exposure to water and humidity is formed. Various parameters (e.g.

Abstract: A closed cell rigid polyurethane foam has been prepared which contains up to about 60% by weight of molecular sieves capable of sorbing molecules with effective critical diameters of up to about 10 .ANG.. The molecular sieve component of the foam can be preloaded with catalysts or with reactive compounds that can be released upon activation of the foam to control and complete crosslinking after the foam is formed. The foam can also be loaded with water or other flame-retarding agents, after completion. Up to about 50% of the weight of the isocyanate component of the foam can be replaced by polyimide resin precursors for incorporation into the final polymeric network.

Abstract: A solid catalyst composition comprising a silica or silica-treated compound and a tin catalyst compound bonded to the surface of the silica compound which is not deactivated in the presence of silica or silica-treated compounds. A process for preparing the solid catalyst by contacting a silica compound containing reactive hydroxyl groups with a tin catalyst compound at a temperature range from about 130.degree. to 165.degree. C. under dynamic conditions whereby the tin catalyst compound bonds to the silica compound. Generally, after the reaction, at least a portion of the hydroxyl groups present on the silica compound are absent and, more preferably, substantially all the isolated hydroxyl groups are absent. A urethane composition containing the solid catalyst is also provided wherein the solid catalyst is not deactivated by the addition of silica or silica-treated compounds.

Abstract: The flowability of foamable compositions comprising a hydroxyl-containing polyorganosiloxane, a polyorganosiloxane containing silicon-bonded hydrogen atoms, a platinum catalyst and a catalyst inhibitor is eliminated by including in the composition a solid filler exhibiting a mean particle size of one micron or less and either (1) organosilicon compound containing at least 0.5% by weight of carboxyl groups or silicon-bonded hydroxyalkyl groups, or (2) a partially esterified polyfunctional alcohol. In addition, the pot life of the composition is increased without adversely affecting the structure of the cured foam or the adhesion of the foam to various substrates.

Abstract: A simplified method of manufacturing a silicon elastomeric foam comprises mechanically generating a stable froth of an aqueous silicone emulsion, while adding surfactant and thickener, then removing the water from the stable froth. The emulsion consists essentially of anionically stabilized hydroxyl endblocked polydiorganosiloxane, colloidal silica, an organic tin compound, and water, the emulsion having a pH in the range of 9 to 11.5 inclusive. The dried foam is an elastomeric, cellular structure possessing typical silicone elastomer heat stability.

Abstract: Flexible foam composition comprising a flexible polyester resin prepared from a resin having an elongation of 8 to 70 percent, said foams having density of 2 to 50 pounds per cubic foot. The foam can be filled with up to 150 parts by weight of inorganic materials and can be reinforced with porous fabric (paper or cloth) or glass (chopped fiber or woven tape) materials.

Abstract: Low density polyester resin foams are prepared at ambient temperatures from an admixture of an unsaturated polyester resin, an organic isocyanate compound, a peroxide curing agent system, a surfactant, and an accelerator whereby the foaming efficiency of this admixture is improved by adding small amounts of an inorganic iron salt.

Abstract: A simplified method of manufacturing a silicone elastomeric foam comprises mechanically generating a stable froth of an aqueous emulsion, while adding surfactant and thickener, then exposing the stable froth to microwave energy to remove the water. The emulsion consists essentially of anionically stabilized hydroxyl endblocked polydiorganosiloxane, colloidal silica, an organic tin compound, and water, the emulsion having a pH in the range of 9 to 11.5 inclusive. The dried froth is an elastomeric, cellular structure possessing typical silicone elastomer heat stability and long-term aging stability.

Abstract: Polyurethane moldings having an inhomogeneously colored surface with color contrasts in fiber-like distribution are made by incorporating colored fibers of a specified type in a polyurethane forming reactionmixture. The colored fibers must have a staple length of from 0.1 to 6 mm, a denier of from 0.1 to 25 dtex, and a coloring agent that does not migrate or dissolve in the polyurethane-forming materials. These fibers are generally used in a quantity such that they represent from 0.1 to 10 wt. % of the polyurethane-forming reaction mixture. Shoe soles, shoe heels, multiple layer soles and padded components are examples of moldings which may be produced in accordance with the present invention.

Abstract: Polyurea foam formulations, prepared by reacting a polymeric isocyanate with an aqueous activator component, and having incorporated therein a small but density-lowering and/or compressive strength enhancing amount of a lower-alkanol or alkylenediol, preferably having up to and including six (6) carbon atoms, especially isopropanol, are disclosed.

Abstract: Alkali metal polyester silicate resinous products are produced by mixing a polyhydroxy organic compound, an alkali metal silicate and a polycarboxylic acid, then heating the mixture to a temperature between the melting point of the polycarboxylic acid and the boiling temperature of the polyol while agitating until the reaction is complete.

Abstract: Stable water glass solutions are obtained(A) by mixing a solution of an aqueous alkali silicate solution and alkali hydroxide with a tertiary amine and subsequently oxyalkylating the resultant two-phase reaction mixture with at least one alkylene oxide in such an amount that a uniform solution forms or(B) by oxyalkylating a tertiary amine with at least one alkylene oxide and mixing the resultant reaction mixture with a solution of an aqueous alkali silicate solution and alkali hydroxide.The stable water glass solutions are suitable for the preparation of organo silicate foams.For the preparation of the organo silicate foams, a mixture of the stable water glass solutions and tertiary amino group-containing polyether polyols is reacted with organic polyisocyanates in the presence of catalysts, blowing agents and optionally auxiliaries and additives.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for the production of polyurethane elastomer moldings by reacting a reaction mixture in a closed mold, wherein said reaction mixture comprises:(a) an organic polyisocyanate;(b) an organic active hydrogen group-containing compound having a molecular weight of from 1800 to 12,000 and containing at least two active hydrogen groups;(c) 1,3,5-triethyl-2,6-diamino benzene and, optionally(d) a catalyst for the reaction between hydroxyl groups and isocyanate groups,wherein component (c) is present in an amount of from 25 to 35 percent by weight based on the combined weight of components (b) and (c), wherein the amounts of components (a), (b) and (c) are such that the isocyanate index of the reaction mixture is from about 90 to 110, and wherein all of said components are processed via a one-shot process whereby (a) is mixed simultaneously either with (b), (c) and (d) or with a non-reacted premixture of some or all of (b), (c) and (d).

Abstract: Methods of converting essentially unpolymerized precursors into polyimides in which the precursors are exposed to microwave radiation. Preheating, thermal post-curing, and other techniques may be employed to promote the development of optimum properties; and reinforcements can be employed to impart strength and rigidity to the final product. Also disclosed are processes for making various composite artifacts in which non-polymeric precursors are converted to polyimides by using the techniques described above.

Abstract: Polyurethane foam products comprising a foam filled with a foam and a large amount of solid material inert to the foam products are described. The foams are prepared by foaming a polyurethane foam-forming diisocyanate and polyol around pre-formed polyurethane foam chips having incorporated therein or therewith solid materials inert to the foam. The inert material can be a fire- or combustion-retardant material; a material such as graphite or the like to render the foam conductive; or a filler material to impart various other characteristics. The polyurethane foam-filled foams can be tailored to have excellent physical characteristics and are particularly suitable for furniture upholstery, cushioning applications including in mattresses, and where special properties are required.

Abstract: Cured polyorganosiloxane foams exhibiting a uniquely high resistance to burn-through and disintegration when exposed to flames contain at least 0.1% by weight each, based on the weight of said foam, of at least one finely divided nonmetallic fibrous heat resistant material, at least one finely divided nonmetallic cellular heat resistant material, and at least 5 ppm of platinum in elemental or chemically combined form. The total concentration of heat resistant materials should not exceed 40%, based on the weight of the foam. This invention also provides a method for preparing flame retardant polyorganosiloxane foams.

Abstract: A novel polymer is provided as the condensation reaction product of a non-aqueous mixture of a phenol and an aldehyde in a molar ratio of about 0.5 to 1 phenol to aldehyde, containing refractory fibers, such as carbon, graphite, silica, having an aspect and metal oxides and silicates, which fibers have an aspect ratio of about 10. The phenol is selected from metacresol, orthocresol, 3,5-dimethylphenol, resorcinol and substituted resorcinols, the preferred material being mostly resorcinol. The aldehyde is selected from furfural and mixtures of furfural and paraformaldehyde. The condensation polymerization reaction can be effected by adding an acid catalyst to the mixture or by employing a curing agent which provided a polyfunctional amine reactive with either or both the aldehyde and the phenol.

Abstract: A high temperature and flame resistant closed cell polyimide foam material and methods of making the foam. An aromatic tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride is reacted with an oxomine to produce an N-substituted imide, which is then esterfied with a suitable alcohol. The resulting liquid is dried and the dry residue is reduced to a uniform powder having particles with diameters generally in the 0.5 to 10 mm. range. The powder is preferably further dried, either before or after final size reduction, in a moderate vacuum at moderate temperature to remove any excess residual alcohol. The powder spontaneously expands to form a closed cell foam when heated to a temperature in the range of about 90.degree. to 150.degree. C. for a suitable period. When the powder is expanded in a closed mold, a well consolidated, uniform, closed cell foam product results. When expanded in an unrestricted manner, closed cell "macroballoons" having average diameters between about 0.4 and 15 mm. result.

Abstract: An improvement in a process for the production of polyurethane foam is disclosed, in which a first component is admixed and reacted with a second component and in which the first component has a viscosity at least two times the viscosity of the second component, thereby resulting in a nonuniform distribution of the cells of the foam. The improvement comprises admixing the second component with 1-5%, by weight, of the second component, of fumed silica prior to admixing the first and second components. The amount of fumed silica is controlled so that the polyurethane foam subsequently obtained has a substantially uniform distribution of cells. A process for the production of a foamed thermoplastic structure is also disclosed in which at least part of the normally liquid chlorofluorocarbon blowing agent is added as a composition comprising an admixture of 5-99%, by weight, of fumed silica and 1-95%, by weight, of a normally liquid chlorofluorocarbon adsorbed thereon.

Abstract: A method of forming synthetic articles of polyester resin by resin transfer molding techniques or the like comprising combining a set of reactants including a major base mass of polyester resin in fluid form, at least one polyester cure accelerator, a selected quantity of isocyanate, a surfactant and at least one promoter. The isocyanate is added in sufficient quantity to react with at least one other component in the mixture to produce quantities of carbon dioxide throughout the mixture. The resultant mixture is transferred into a closed mold prior to substantial reaction. The promoter is allowed to react exothermically with at least one other component of the mixture to trigger the isocyanate to react to evolve carbon dioxide gas to generate pressure to fill the mold. Thereafter a curing reaction between the cure accelerator and the polyester occurs to cure and solidify the expanded resin to produce an expanded article.

Abstract: A glue foamable to high density comprises an aqueous alkaline thermosetting resin and a surfactant comprising (1) a fatty acid amide of the alkanol-amines or (2) a tertiary amine oxide used in amount sufficient to render the glue foamable to a stable foam having a density of at least 0.5 and a viscosity of from 1,000 to 20,000 centipoises upon being beaten with air. The glue is useful particularly in the manufacture of plywood.

Abstract: The invention is concerned with the preparation of polyurethane compositions in which the deleterious effect of gaseous by-products formed in the reaction is minimized. This is achieved by the use of coupling reagents which incorporate a steric hindrance function. The latter does not interfere with the normal coupling reactions between the coupling agent and polymer matrix and filler material but it does prevent such reaction between the coupling agent and filler material as would cause release of low molecular weight compounds occluded by the filler. Since the release of low molecular weight compounds is avoided, the formation or evolution of gases which give rise to unwanted cellularity of the cured composition is at least minimized.

Abstract: Alkali metal aldehyde lignin-cellulose silicate polymers are reacted chemically with an epihalohydrin compound to produce a polyepoxy silicate resin; the polyepoxy silicate resin may be cured by a catalyst, e.g., an amine or Lewis acid, to produce a cured epoxy resin, solid or cellular solid product which may be used as an adhesive, as construction sheets, etc.

Abstract: Polyester silicate resinous products are produced by mixing an organic epoxide compound, hydrated silica, Lewis acid and a polycarboxylic acid and/or polycarboxylic acid anhydride, then heating the mixture to from 150.degree. C. to 250.degree. C. for 30 minutes to 4 hours. The polyester is silicate resinous products may be used as a coating agent, as a molding powder and as an adhesive.

Abstract: A reinforced reaction injection molding of polyurethanes is prepared by reacting an organic polyisocyanate, a polyoxyalkylene polyether polyol, a chain extending agent, a catalyst, optionally a blowing agent and glass fibers. The glass fibers form a stabilized dispersion in the polyol by employing as a suspending agent the reaction product of a polyamine and a polyester.

Abstract: Waterglass solutions are mixed with polyisocyanates and these emulsions are then left to harden in the formations. Introduction of the mixture into the formations which are required to be consolidated, e.g. deposits of coal, is mainly carried out by forcing the mixture under pressure into bore-holes in the formations. According to one variation of the process, the components of the mixture are introduced into the multi-chamber cartridges which are introduced into the bore-holes and then destroyed as the components are mixed. Certain additives such as accelerators, blowing agents, polyols, stabilizers and/or thixotropic agents are advantageous for the quality of the composite masses formed by hardening of the mixture.