Abstract: This invention provides a water-soluble binder and a hot-melt binder for ceramics molding, said binder being composed of a polyvinyl alcohol-based copolymer containing (meth)allyl group-containing nonionic monomer units or nitrogeneous group-containing nonionic monomer units.

Abstract: Polyvinyl acetal resin, use thereof as an adhesion promoting additive, method of producing same, and adhesive composition comprising sameAn acrylate- or methacrylate-substituted polyvinyl acetal resin of formula I: ##STR1## wherein the weight percentages of the X, Y and Z groups are variable, R is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, andR.sub.1 is hydrogen atom or a methyl group, is described.The resin of formula I is produced by acrylating or methacrylating a polyvinyl acetal resin of formula II: ##STR2## in which the weight percentages of the X', Y' and Z' groups are variable, particularly in the range 68 to 88% X, 6 to 19% Y' and 1 to 26% Z.The compounds of formula I are used to promote adhesion of acrylate or methacrylate ester based adhesive compositions to polyester plastic substrates.

Abstract: Blends of a major portion of ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH) and a minor portion of an amorphous polyamide and preferably also a semicrystalline nylon are disclosed. These blends may be formed into films or multilayer structures, which can be thermoformed into containers or other articles. The presence of the minor portion of amorphous polyamide permits thermoforming of the EVOH at lower temperatures without the formation of defects.

Abstract: A hydrophilic polymer blend is disclosed which comprises a first polymer component which is an organic solvent-soluble, thermoplastic polyvinylbutyral (PVB) and a second polymer component which is a hydrophilic poly(N-Vinyl lactam), e.g., a water soluble polyvinylpyrrolidone. The blend demonstrates slipperiness in aqueous environments and, among other applications, is useful in low-friction coatings for a wide variety of substrates. A method for providing the coatings is also described.

Abstract: A contact lens of a crosslinked, organic aprotic solvent insoluble, substantially transparent polymer of a derivative of a polyvinyl alcohol having a weight average molecular weight of at least about 2,000, containing an effective amount between about 0.1 to 90 percent, based on the number of hydroxyl groups on said polyvinyl alcohol, of a crosslinked addition reaction product of units of the formula ##STR1## in the presence or absence of a polymerizable vinylic monomer whereinR.sub.1 is a divalent aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, arylene, aralkylene, alkarylene or heterocyclic group;A is --O--, --NH-- or ##STR2## where R" is hydrogen or lower alkyl and A' is a direct bond or A is a direct bond and A' is --O-- or --O--CH.sub.2 --;R.sub.2 is hydrogen or methyl; andR.sub.3 is hydrogen, methyl or --COOR.sub.4 where R.sub.4 is hydrogen or lower alkyl with the proviso that if R.sub.2 is methyl, R.sub.3 is hydrogen.

Abstract: An adhesive resin composition useful for bonding a resin having gas barrier properties and a hydrophobic thermoplastic resin which comprises an ethylene-acrylate or methacrylate copolymer grafted with an ethylenic unsaturated carboxylic acid or its acid anhydride; and 0.02 to 0.6 equivalent to the ethylenic unsaturated carboxylic acid or its acid anhydride of a periodic table group Ia or IIa metal hydroxide, or said metal hydroxide and an ethylene-acrylate or methacrylate copolymer. A laminated material of a resin having gas barrier properties and a hydrophobic thermoplastic resin laminated with the adhesive resin composition and a resin composition comprising the adhesive resin composition, a resin having gas barrier properties and a hydrophobic thermoplastic resin are also disclosed.

Abstract: Carbon monoxide-containing ethylene polymers are blended with vinyl alcohol polymers, including vinyl alcohol homopolymers and copolymers, to prepare oxygen barrier resins having good processability.

Abstract: The invention discloses a novel modified polyvinyl butyral polymer having photocurability and heat-curability containing an ethylenically unsaturated moiety, which is introduced by the reaction of, for example, N-methylol acrylamide with a part of the hydroxyl groups, in addition to the vinyl butyral moiety, vinyl acetate moiety and vinyl alcohol moiety constituting conventional polyvinyl butyral resins. The inventive polymer is useful for various types of adhesives, coating materials, interlayers of laminated shatter-proof glass and the like similarly to unmodified polyvinyl butyral resins but with a possibility of broadened utilizability and absence of the problems due to evaporation of organic solvents.

Abstract: Amino-functional compounds are economically prepared by reacting maleic anhydride with alcohols to form a maleate or fumarate "half-ester" which is combined with certain amines such as aspartate or glutamate, or alkanolamines, under conditions selected to avoid hydrolysis. At low molecular weights, the compounds herein are useful detergency builders; at progressively higher molecular weights within a specific range, combined builder/dispersant and typical dispersant properties emerge. Processes for preparing the compounds and useful detergent compositions containing them are described.

Abstract: A vinyl acetate copolymer comprising the following general structure ##STR1## where R is hydrogen or methyl;R.sup.1 is a C.sub.6 -C.sub.18 hydrocarbyl group not containing an olefinic functionality;y is 92 to 99.5 mole %; andz is 0.5 to 8 mole %.The vinyl acetate copolymer is hydrolyzed to provide a vinyl alcohol copolymer that can be thermoplastically processed into shaped articles possessing good oxygen gas barrier properties.

Abstract: A polyvinyl alcohol-aldehyde gel having a high water content and low degree of crosslinking is provided which has improved stability. The gel can be used to retard the flow of water in subterranean formations encountered in hydrocarbon production. One embodiment of the invention provides a method of forming the gel in-situ in the pores of subterranean zones thereby retarding or blocking the flow of water therein.This application is a continuation application of copending Ser. No. 027,723, filed Mar. 19, 1987, now abandoned which was a divisional application of Ser. No. 693,680, filed Jan. 22, 1985, now U.S. Pat. No. 4,664,194 which was a continuation-in-part application of Serial No. 514,557, filed Jul. 18, 1982, now U.S. Pat. No. 4,498,540 which issued Feb. 12, 1985.

Abstract: Modified polyolefin comprising a polyolefin linked to a hydrolyzable silane which is reactable with polyvinyl alcohol and being chemically bound to polyvinyl alcohol by the silane, and method for preparing the same.

Abstract: An amine functional copolymer of vinyl alcohol is provided by copolymerizing a vinylester with a morpholinoalkylvinylether or a morpholinoalkylallylether and then hydrolyzing the ester groups in the copolymer to hydroxy groups. The preferred copolymer is formed from vinyl acetate and morpholinoethylvinylether and 1 to 30 mol percent of the polymerized ethylene linkages in the polymer backbone contain pendant morpholinoethylether groups.

Abstract: A hydrolyzed ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer having an ethylene content of 20 to 60% by mole and a defree of hydrolysis in the vinyl acetate component of at least 95% by mole, having an ash content of not more than 20 ppm and an alkali metal content of not more than 5 ppm, and having a ratio of the melt viscosity at 220.degree. C. after maintaining the copolymer at 220.degree. C. for 60 minutes to the melt viscosity at 220.degree. C. after maintaining the copolymer at 220.degree. C. for 5 minutes of 1.0 to 1.5. The hydrolyzed copolymer of the invention can give the films whose gas impermeability is not lowered even at high humidity, and is applicable to long-run molding.

Abstract: Articles including ophthalmic devices prepared by a process comprising the steps of thermoforming a polymer comprising units derived from an ethylenically-unsaturated monomer bearing at least one trihaloacetoxy-substituent group, by heating the polymer in a mold or in sheet-form at a temperature in the range of 100.degree. to 400.degree. C. for about 5 seconds to 15 minutes, and then cooling said polymer, to provide a shaped article, solvolyzing the resulting shaped article to provide a hydroxy-substituted polymeric shaped article, and optionally hydrating said hydroxy-substituted polymeric shaped article to provide a shaped hydrogel article. When the polymer is derived from vinyl trihaloacetate it has a syndiotactic stereochemical configuration.

Abstract: A resin composition comprising from about 95 to about 30 parts by weight of a saponified product of an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (A), comprising ethylene units in an amount of from about 20 to about 55 mole percent, and exhibiting a degree of saponification of the vinyl acetate component of at least about 90 mole percent, and from about 5 to about 70 parts by weight of a saponified product of a modified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (B) comprising pyrrolidone ring-containing units in an amount of from about 0.1 to about 10 mole percent, and ethylene units in an amount of from about 20 to about 55 mole percent, and exhibiting a degree of saponification of the vinyl acetate component of at least about 90 mole percent, and a multilayered structure made therewith, preferably formed by high speed thermodrawing, exhibiting uniform gas barrier properties and producing a product without pinholes, cracks, and localized areas of uneven stretching.

Abstract: Carbon monoxide-containing ethylene polymers are blended with vinyl alcohol polymers, including vinyl alcohol homopolymers and copolymers, to prepare oxygen barrier resins having good processability.

Abstract: A composition comprising(1) a hydrolyzed ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer having an ethylene content of 20 to 60% by mole and a degree of hydrolysis in the vinyl acetate component of at least 95% by mole and(2) a secondary or tertiary alkali metal phosphate; the alkali metal content being from 15 to 250 ppm of the hydrolyzed copolymer (1) and the phosphorus content being from 5 to 70 ppm of the hydrolyzed copolymer (1). The composition of the invention is excellent in adhesive strength to unsaturated carboxylic acid-modified polyolefins, and therefore the laminate having the structure the polyolefin layer/the unsaturated carboxylic acid-modified polyolefin layer/the hydrolyzed ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer composition of the invention layer has excellent adhesive strength between the unsaturated carboxylic acid-modified polyolefin layer and the layer of the composition of the present invention.

Abstract: A PVA film modified with anionic comonomers is provided for use as a water-soluble seal or pouch for alkaline or borate-containing cleaning compositions. The films comprise copolymers of 90-100% hydrolyzed vinyl alcohol with a nonhydrolyzable anionic comonomer, and have molecular weights characterized by a viscosity range of 4-35 cPs. The films are resistant to insolubilization caused by alkaline or borate-containing additives, are storage stable over a wide range of temperature and humidity storage conditions, rapidly and fully solubilize in a wash solution, and do not significantly impair cleaning performance of an additive enclosed within.

Abstract: A composition comprising:(a) at least one linear alternating copolymer of carbon monoxide and an ethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon; and(b) a vinyl alcohol polymer, as well as articles prepared therefrom and packaging materials prepared therefrom.

Abstract: A hydrolyzed ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer having an ethylene content of 20 to 60% by mole and a defree of hydrolysis in the vinyl acetate component of at least 95% by mole, and having an ash content of not more than 20 ppm and an alkali metal content of not more than 5 ppm. The hydrolyzed copolymer of the invention can form films whose gas impermeability is not lowered even at high humidity.

Abstract: A vinyl alcohol copolymer comprising the following general structure: ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen or methyl;X is an organic linking group such as ##STR2## R.sup.1 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl; R.sub.f is a perfluoronated alkyl or poly(alkyleneoxy) group;m is 0 or 1;x is 50-99.9 mole %;y is 0-50 mole %; andz is 0.001-50 mole %.The vinyl alcohol copolymer has excellent solvent barrier properties.

Abstract: A process for preparing pellets of a hydrolyzed ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer which comprises extruding a solution of a hydrolyzed ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer in methanol or a mixture of water and methanol into a coagulating liquid in the form of a strand, and cutting the strand into pellets, the coagulating liquid consisting essentially of an organic solvent having a boiling point of not more than 100.degree. C., and being compatible with methanol but not being capable of dissolving the hydrolyzed ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer. According to the present invention, the pellets from which impurities such as sodium acetate can be efficiently removed, and which have excellent thermal stability and moldability can be obtained in high productivity.

Abstract: Novel, non-crosslinked copolymers of vinyl trifluoroacetate (VTA) and up to 5 weight percent of the VTA of certain comonomers, such as vinyl eesters, vinyl ethers, or disubstituted ethylene monomers, are disclosed. Solvolysis of these copolymers provides novel water-insoluble, non-crosslinked, poly(vinyl alcohol) copolymers which can be hydrated to copolymers having controllably variable hydrogel properties and high strength. Such poly(vinyl alcohol) copolymers are particularly desirable as ophthalmic devices such as contact lenses, corneal implants and transplant, and intraocular lenses.

Abstract: Poly[3,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)oxetane] ("PBHMO") is prepared in high molecular weight (n.sub.inh to 5.2) by polymerizing the trimethylsilylether of 3,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)oxetane with i-Bu.sub.3 Al-0.7 H.sub.2 O cationic catalyst at low temperature, followed by hydrolysis. PBHMO is crystalline, high melting (about 314.degree. C.), highly insoluble and useful in the production of films and fibers. Poly[3-methyl-3-(hydromethyl)oxetane] ("PMHMO") and poly[3-ethyl-3-(hydroxymethyl)oxetane] ("PEHMO") are also prepared in high molecular weight (n.sub.inh up to 3.8) by the same procedures. Copolymers of BHMO, MHMO, and EHMO with each other or containing up to about 50% of other oxethanes, oxiranes and tetrahydrofurans; derivatives and alloys from these polymers and copolymers; and methods of preparing the polymers, copolymers, alloys and derivatives into useful films, fibers and articles is described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to resin compositions and laminates using saponified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers containing a polyether component. Formed products and laminates obtained from the resin compositions are flexible, excellent in flexural fatigue resistance and gas barrier properties and extremely useful as flexible laminates.

Abstract: Carboxylates of hydroxyl-containing polymers are prepared by reacting a finely dispersed hydroxyl-containing polymer with a carboxylic anhydride in the heterogeneous phase in the presence of a tertiary amine as a catalyst by a method in which an N-alkylimidazole, where alkyl is of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, is used as the catalyst.

Abstract: Water-soluble copolymers containing copolymerized vinylamine units are prepared by copolymerizing (a) from 95 to 10 mol % of N-vinylformamide and (b) from 5 to 90 mol % of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer from the group consisting of vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl vinyl ethers, the esters, nitriles and amides of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid and N-vinylpyrrolidone, and then eliminating from 30 to 100 mol % of the formyl groups from the copolymer. Preferred copolymers are copolymers of N-vinylformamide and vinyl acetate, in which from 30 to 100 mol % of the monomer units are hydrolyzed. The copolymers are used in papermaking to increase the dry strength and wet strength of the paper.

Abstract: A vinyl alcohol copolymer comprising the following general structure ##STR1## where R is hydrogen or methyl;R.sup.1 is a C.sub.6 -C.sub.18 hydrocarbyl group not containing an olefinic functionality;x is 70 to 99.5% mole %;y is 0 to 29.5 mole %; andz is 0.5 to 8 mole %.

Abstract: An ionomeric film is provided for use as a water-soluble seal or pouch for alkaline or borate-containing cleaning compositions. The films comprise copolymers of 90-100% hydrolyzed vinyl alcohol with a nonhydrolyzable anionic comonomer, and have molecular weights characterized by a viscosity range of 4-35 cP. The films are resistant to insolubilization caused by alkaline or borate-containing additives, are storage stable over a wide range of temperature and humidity storage conditions, rapidly and fully solubilize in a wash solution, and do not impair cleaning performance of an additive enclosed within.

Abstract: A process for preparing a vinyl alcohol copolymer, which comprises adding at least one specific olefin derivative containing phenyl group to a solution of vinyl ester copolymer when the predetermined polymerization conversion has been attained, removing an unpolymerized monomer and hydrolyzing the copolymer. The hydrolyzed copolymer easily gives transparent film which has not fish eyes or surface roughness without generation of fumes or bad odors and coloration during molding.

Abstract: A film-forming cosmetic composition useful as a facial pack, nail enamel, eye liner etc., which comprises a copolymer of vinyl alcohol and alkyl vinyl ether, being referred to simply as PVA/AVE, consisting of 98 to 80 mole % of vinyl alcohol monomer units and 2 to 20 mole % of linear or branched alkyl vinyl monomer units having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms. The molar ratio of the vinyl alcohol monomer units to the alkyl vinyl ether monomer units is in the range of from 95/5 to 85/15. The PVA/AVE according to the invention has no acetic groups with ester bonds in a molecule. Instead, there are alkyl or alkenyl groups having ether bonds which serve for steric hindrance for preventing gelation of an aqueous solution of such copolymer. From this reason, the PVA/AVE does not undergo any hydrolysis as time passes and is thus excellent in storage stability.

Abstract: Described is a process for the preparation of ethylene/vinyl alcohol copolymers with low residual acetate content and low ash levels, and in a form that is easily pelletized. Such polymers have good thermal stability and excellent barrier properties.

Abstract: A polymeric sulfoxide based on a polymer or copolymer of vinyl alcohol is disclosed, as well as a method of producing it. Sulfoxide containing polymers are useful as catalysts, as membranes and to hold metal cations. Hydrophilic and hydrophobic characteristics can be varied over wide ranges.The general formula for the polymeric sulfoxide of the invention is: ##STR1## where x and y are both greater than 0, z=0-0.8, and x+y+z=1.

Abstract: Novel, non-crosslinked copolymers of vinyl trifluoroacetate (VTA) and up to 5 weight percent of the VTA of certain comonomers, such as vinyl esters or disubstituted ethylene monomers, are disclosed. Solvolysis of these copolymers provides novel water-insoluble, non-crosslinked, poly(vinyl alcohol) copolymers which can by hydrated to copolymers having controllably variable hydrogel properties and high strength. Such poly(vinyl alcohol) copolymers are particularly desirable as optical devices such as contact lenses.

Abstract: Disclosed is a metal vessel comprising an upper member and a lower member, each consisting of a coated cup-shaped formed metal body and a circumferential side seam being formed by lap-bonding the open ends of the upper and lower members to each other through an adhesive, wherein said coated cup-shaped formed metal body is composed of a metal blank having a coating of a vinyl chloride resin having a vinyl chloride unit content of 30 to 97% by weight and a glass transition temperature of at least 40.degree. C.

Abstract: A resin-like product having a degree of hydrolysis of 50 to 70 mole percent is obtained by selective alcoholysis of a vinyl ester copolymer, if desired in the form of a mixture with a vinyl ester homopolymer. The starting material employed is preferably a vinyl acetate/crotonic acid copolymer. The resin is suitable for use as a hot-melt adhesive which forms coherent films capable of being activated by water or water vapor.

Abstract: A vinyl alcohol copolymer comprising the following general structure: ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen or methyl;R.sup.1 is hydrogen or methyl;R.sup.2 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkyl, C.sub.6 -C.sub.20 aryl or C.sub.7 -C.sub.30 alkylaryl;n is a number from 1-1,000;x is 50-99.9 mole %;y is 0-50 mole %; andz is 0.001-50 mole %.

Abstract: A multilayer composition comprising at least one polycarbonate layer, at least one polyolefin layer, and at least one olefin vinyl alcohol layer, said layers being adhered together by means of tie layers containing a tie material selected from modified polyolefin graft copolymers and olefin vinyl ester copolymers.

Abstract: There is provided a coating material made of a saponification product of a modified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer containing a cross-linkable olefinically unsaturated monomer. The saponification product is characterized by its intrinsic viscosity not greater than 0.7 dl/g which is measured at 20.degree. C. using phenol containing 15 wt % of water as a solvent. This polymer is readily soluble in solvents, and the resulting solution can have concentration as high as 20 to 50 wt % and provide coating film which is as strong as that obtained from the conventional EVOH having a high degree of polymerization.

Abstract: Novel, non-crosslinked copolymers of vinyl trifluoroacetate (VTA) and up to 5 weight percent of the VTA of certain comonomers, such as vinyl esters, vinyl ethers, or disubstituted ethylene monomers, are disclosed. Solvolysis of these copolymers provides novel water-insoluble, non-crosslinked, poly(vinyl alcohol) copolymers which can be hydrated to copolymers having controllably variable hydrogel properties and high strength. Such poly(vinyl alcohol) copolymers are particularly desirable as ophthalmic devices such as contact lenses, corneal implants and transplants, and intraocular lenses.

Abstract: A vinyl alcohol copolymer comprising the following general structure: ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen or methyl;R.sup.1 is hydrogen or methyl;R.sup.2 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkyl, C.sub.6 -C.sub.20 aryl or C.sub.7 -C.sub.30 alkylaryl;n is a number from 1-1,000;x is 50-99.9 mole %;y is 0-50 mole %; and z is 0.001-50 mole %.

Abstract: A process for continuously hydrolyzing ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer which comprises feeding a methanol solution in which an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer having ethylene of 25 to 50 % by mole into the upper portion of a tower reactor and supplying an alkaline catalyst into the middle portion of the tower, and blowing a methanol vapor into the lower portion of the tower to remove a methyl acetate vapor together with a methanol vapor from the top of the tower and taking out the highly hydrolyzed ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer from the bottom of the tower, and whereby a highly hydrolyzed ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is easily obtained in the presence of a small amount of alkaline catalyst.

Abstract: Disclosed in a packaging material having at least one layer comprising an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer having a vinyl alcohol content of 40 to 80 mole % and a residual vinyl ester content lower than 4 mole %, wherein the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer consists of a composition comprising a plurality of copolymers differing in the vinyl alcohol content, said composition shows a plurality of endothermic peaks in a fusion curve by a differential scanning calorimeter, the composition has fusion characteristics satisfying requirements represented by the following formulae: ##EQU1## wherein Sc represents an area of a triangle defined by a base line connecting the skirt of a high temperature side peak to the skirt of a low temperature side peak in two adjacent peaks in said fusion curve and lines connecting the skirts of both the peaks to the trough between both the peaks, Sa represents an area of the high temperature side peak above said triangle, Sb represents an area of the low temperature side peak above s

Abstract: Polycarbonate composition comprising, in physical admixture:(i) from about 10 to about 96 weight percent high molecular weight aromatic thermoplastic polycarbonate resin;(ii) from about 2 to about 35 weight percent of a olefin vinyl alcohol copolymer; and(iii) either from about 2 to about 35 weight percent of an olefin vinyl ester copolymer or from about 2 to about 90 weight percent of a polyolefin resin.

Abstract: Crosslinkable fluorine-containing copolymers comprising copolymerized units of(a) a vinyl ester of a heavily branched carboxylic acid,(b) a vinyl ester of a short-chain carboxylic acid and(c) of a fluoroolefin, the vinyl ester groups of component (b) having been converted into OH groups by solvolysis of the copolymer. The copolymers are suitable for coating purposes of any type, in particular as binders in surface-coating systems for industrial surface-coatings.

Abstract: A melt molding material which comprises a saponified product of a silicon-containing ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer. When this melt molding material is formed into a sheet, said sheet is excellent in extensibility and thus suitable for deep forming. The decrease in gas barrier properties is small even under high moisture conditions, and its stress cracking resistance is excellent.

Abstract: Sulfur vulcanizable partially hydrolyzed ethylene-vinyl acetate terpolymers and processes for producing these products are disclosed.

Abstract: A well cementing composition and method are shown in which a hydraulic cement, water, and a heat actuated matrix control admix are mixed together to provide a cement slurry composition having improved cementing characteristics over a broad temperature range. The admix contains a polyvinyl acetate-polyvinyl alcohol polymer which is insoluble in the slurry composition at ambient temperatures and which has greater than about 95% acetate groups converted to hydroxyl groups. As the circulating temperature rises in the range from about 90.degree. to 140.degree. F., the polymer begins to solubilize and gradually thickens the slurry to combat thermal thinning, fluid loss and settling. A companion cellulosic fluid loss material can be utilized, which is soluble in the slurry at ambient temperatures, to provide initial fluid loss control.

Abstract: Water-resistant compositions which comprise a modified polyvinyl alcohol having a silyl group in the molecule and an organic substance, useful as compositions for treating inorganic materials and defogging compositions.