Abstract: A shaped article of a synthetic resin having an improved surface such as a surface showing excellent water repellency and oil repellency which comprises a synthetic resin having hydroxy groups at least one surface of which being treated with an oligomer of a fluoroalkylene oxide represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein X is F or CF.sub.3 and n is an integer of 2 to 12.

Abstract: Water-absorbent resins having improved water-absorbency, water-absorption rate and water-dispersibility can be produced by crosslinking a water-absorbent resin comprising a carboxylate as a constituent of the resin with a crosslinking agent having at least two functional groups in the presence of water in a proportion of 0.01 to 1.3 parts by weight per part by weight of the resin in an inert solvent.

Abstract: The invention relates to new, pharmaceutically active copolymers with heparin-like activity, pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof and a process for their preparation.

Abstract: Novel, non-crosslinked copolymers of vinyl trifluoroacetate (VTA) and up to 5 weight percent of the VTA of certain comonomers, such as vinyl esters or disubstituted ethylene monomers, are disclosed. Solvolysis of these copolymers provides novel water-insoluble, non-crosslinked, poly(vinyl alcohol) copolymers which can be hydrated to copolymers having controllably variable hydrogel properties and high strength. Such poly(vinyl alcohol) copolymers are particularly desirable as optical devices such as contact lenses.

Abstract: A process as disclosed for producing vinylic alcohol copolymers by reacting vinyl ester or carbon monoxide copolymers with organometallic compounds in a homogeneous reaction medium.

Abstract: Disclosed is a resin composition excellent in the drawability, which comprises (A) a saponified ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer having an ethylene content of 20 to 55 mole % and a saponification degree of at least 95%, (B) a saponified ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer having an ethylene content of 25 to 60 mole % and a saponification degree of at least 90%, the ethylene content of the saponified copolymer (B) being higher by at least 3 mole % than the ethylene content of the saponified copolymer (A), and (C) a polyamide, wherein the weight ratio of the saponified copolymer (A) to the saponified copolymer (B) is in the range of from 90/10 to 10/90 and the weight ratio of the sum of the saponified copolymers (A) and (B) to the polyamide (C) is in the range of from 95/5 to 5/95.

Abstract: A binder for obtaining a ceramic molded green body which comprises a modified polyvinyl alcohol having either (A) a hydrophobic group having a hydrocarbyl group of 4 or more carbon atoms or (A) plus (B) an ionic hydrophilic group in the side chain.

Abstract: Homogeneous compositions comprising certain liquid silicone resins, certain silicon-free, film-forming organic polymers and a compatibilizing liquid and a method for preparing preferred homogeneous compositions wherein the compatibilizing liquid is water are disclosed. The homogeneous compositions are useful for coating a substrate to provide a water-resistant coating on the substrate which can function, for example, as a protective coating or as an adhesive-release coating and; accordingly, a method for coating a substrate, such as paper, is also disclosed.

Abstract: A surface treatment for ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer film resulting in an elastomeric, heat sealable film which retains its transparency after release from 200 percent elongation. The treatment comprises irradiation and controlled surface hydrolysis and, optionally, subsequent attachment of mineral particulates to the surface of the film with or without the use of coupling agents.

Abstract: A cyanoethylated resin to which adhesive properties and high dielectric constant are imparted by cyanoethylating a C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 olefin-vinyl alcohol copolymer, which is suitable for use as a dielectric material and an adhesive.

Abstract: A process is provided for obtaining particles of thermoplastic resin which comprises agitating said resin in the molten state in an aqueous dispersion system comprising a resin dispersing amount of an alkali metal soap and an oversized particle formation-suppressing amount of an alkaline earth metal soap and cooling the resulting dispersion to obtain said resin as finely divided particles of which no more than about 5 weight percent of the total exceeds an average diameter of about 420 microns.

Abstract: A method for the production of certain ethylene copolymers which comprises saponifying a granular feedstock which includes a polymer of at least 50% ethylene, 2 to 50% of certain esters of C.sub.3 to C.sub.12 alkene carboxylic acids, 0 to 30% vinyl esters of certain aliphatic carboxylic acids having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and up to 3% of C.sub.3 to C.sub.12 alkene carboxylic acids. In particular, the improvement comprises maintaining the feedstock at a particle size range of 0.1 to 8.0 mm, and suspending it in 1-10 parts of a ketone to 1 part of the feedstock, the ketone being of the formula. ##STR1## wherein R and R' are individually an alkyl radical having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and carrying out the saponification at a temperature of 40.degree. to 75.degree. C. in the presence of at least one alkaline saponifying agent. The resulting compounds are useful as adhesives and coating materials.

Abstract: A stabilizer or dispersing agent for use in a suspension polymerization of a vinyl compound is provided which comprises a modified and partially hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol having an average polymerization degree of from 200 to 3,000 and an average hydrolysis degree of from 60 to 90 mol % and including anion hydrophilic groups at the side chains thereof, wherein said anion hydrophilic groups are selected from the group consisting of dicarboxyl groups and/or esters thereof and/or salts thereof, sulfuric esters and/or salts thereof and phosphoric esters and/or salts thereof, and the content of said anion hydrophilic groups is in the range of from 0.02 to 10 mol % per unit mol of the polyvinyl alcohol. A process for preparing a polymer of a vinyl compound is also provided wherein said vinyl compound is polymerized in a suspension thereof suspended by the use of the stabilizer or dispersing agent.

Abstract: A granular crosslinked copolymer suitable as a high speed liquid chromatographic packing and especially as a gel permeation chromatographic packing is disclosed. In a preferred embodiment of the invention the packing is a copolymer essentially consisting of (I) units of at least one vinyl alcohol, (II) units of at least one vinyl ester of a carboxylic acid and (III) units of at least one crosslinking monomer having an isocyanurate ring, the ratio of the units (I) to the units (II) in the copolymer being within the range satisfying the following equation:about 0.4.ltoreq.a/(a+b).ltoreq.about 0.8whereina and b are molar ratios of the units (I) and (II), respectively, in the total units (I), (II) and (III) of the copolymer,and a process for preparing the same by suspension polymerization is disclosed.

Abstract: A saponified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer composition, improved in behavior in the molten state, which comprises: a saponified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, with an ethylene content of 20-80 mole percent and a saponification degree of at least 85 percent, and 0.00005 to 0.005 percent by weight, based on said copolymer, of manganese, copper or mixtures thereof; said composition, when extracted with pure water, giving an acidic extract, is disclosed, along with a method of making the same.

Abstract: Pulverulent coating materials consisting of saponified ethylene vinyl acetate copolymers and, as cross-linking agents, polycarbodiimides and/or polyuretone imines.

Abstract: The invention provides an improved method for priming the surface of a cement mortar or concrete base whereby the adhesive bonding strength of the overcoat finishing with a cement mortar or paste as well as the waterproofing effect of the overcoat layer can be greatly improved by use of a novel aqueous priming composition. The priming composition contains, as an essential ingredient as dissolved in an aqueous medium, a modified polyvinyl alcohol characteristic in the side chains etherified with long-chain alkyl groups such as lauryl and stearyl in a limited mole fraction. The priming composition may also contain an emulsion of a synthetic resin mainly composed of vinyl acetate. The effectiveness of the modified polyvinyl alcohol is so outstanding that the inventive priming composition may contain only 1% by weight or more of the modified polyvinyl alcohol based on the total solid content, the balance being the synthetic resin dispersed as the emulsion.

Abstract: A melt-blended composition containing at least two kinds of hydrolyzed ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers having a different ethylene content from each other within the range of 20 to 55% by mole, a degree of hydrolysis in vinyl acetate component of at least 80% by mole and a specific melt tension as defined herein, the hydrolyzed copolymers included in the largest amount and the second largest amount among the hydrolyzed copolymers constituting the composition having a specific relationship with each other in weight ratio and ethylene content and the fusion curve of the composition indicating substantially single peak. The composition has an improved melt-moldability, and provides molded articles having remarkably reduced fish eyes and uniform thickness or excellent dimensional stability.

Abstract: The addition of a small amount of a phenol to an ethylene-vinyl alcohol oxygen-barrier layer significantly improves oxygen impermeability under high humidity conditions.

Abstract: Improved process for the preparation of partially alcoholyzed polyvinyl acetate having good compositional uniformity comprises rapid premixing of the polyvinyl acetate polymer and base catalyst solutions in a static mixer and carrying out the alcoholysis reaction in an intermeshing, self-wiping, twin-rotor mixer or mixing extruder. The process yields polyvinyl alcohol product having a maximum hot water insoluble fraction of about 1.1% by weight obtained by the proper adjustment of the feed temperature, the shear rate in the premixer and the catalyst concentration in the catalyst feed solution.

Abstract: A crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol gel having vinyl alcohol units and crosslinking units having the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are respectively the same or different and selected from the group consisting of --CH.sub.2 --CH.dbd.CH.sub.2, --CH.sub.2 --CH.tbd.CH and ##STR2## as a packing for a gel chromatography.

Abstract: A water-soluble cationic copolymer and methods for producing the same is disclosed which comprises comonomer units respectively represented by the formulae: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is H or lower alkyl; B is ##STR2## R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are each independently lower alkyl or lower alkyl which contain a substituent; X is an anion capable of forming a salt with the ammonium nitrogen; and A is a group which links the nitrogen atom in B to the amide nitrogen atom.These copolymers are used in preparing paper strength additives.

Abstract: A spherical powder of a hydrolyzed ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer or its carboxyl modified product, is prepared by a method which comprises mixing 100 parts by weight of (1) a hydrolyzed product of an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer having 5 to 50% by weight of vinyl acetate group content or (2) a carboxyl modified product of the aforementioned hydrolyzed product obtained by reacting said hydrolyzed product with an unsaturated carboxylic acid or cyclic acid anhydride, with 10 to 100 parts by weight of an organic solvent capable of dissolving said hydrolyzed product or its carboxyl modified product, the solvent being not freely miscible with water and having a boiling point of not lower than 80.degree. C., 300 to 1000 parts by weight of water and 0.

Abstract: An ethylene-vinylalcohol copolymer film is prepared by biaxially or multiaxially stretching a nonstretched ethylene-vinylalcohol polymer film having a moisture content of not more than 3.5%, said ethylenevinyl alcohol copolymer having an ethylene content of 20 to 55 mole % and a saponification degree of not less than 96 mole % and said stretching being conducted within a temperature range of 50.degree. to 150.degree. C. to such an extent that the film is expanded to an area 4 to 20 times the original area.

Abstract: Solid adhesive compositions consisting essentially of polyvinyl alcohol or ethylene/vinyl alcohol copolymer, and at least two component crystalline solvent system (such as urea and .epsilon.-caprolactam), ethylene polymer and optionally thermoplastic tackifier and carboxylic acid are disclosed. Outstanding adhesive properties with cellulosics, spun bonded polyolefins, aluminum foil and polyester film substrates have been obtained.

Abstract: According to the invention there are provided a thermoplastic resin for use in a coating resin, and a process for preparing such resin, said thermoplastic resin being a hydrolyzed product of a vinyl chloride copolymer obtained by polymerizing 50 to 80% by weight of a vinyl chloride monomer, 20 to 40% by weight of a vinyl ester monomer and 0 to 15% by weight of a comonomer polymerizable with the vinyl chloride monomer, said vinyl chloride copolymer having an average polymerization degree of 200 to 800 and said hydrolyzed product having an absorption ratio of OH/CH in the infrared absorption spectrum of from 0.5 to 0.9.

Abstract: Permanently miscible resin blends containing hydrolyzed ethylene-vinyl acetate resin and demonstrating improved impact-resistance compared to the unblending hydrolyzed ethylene vinyl acetate resin are obtained by blending (a) as host resin, a copolymer/terpolymer of ethylene, vinyl acetate and vinyl alcohol in which ethylene is present at from about 2 to about 60 weight percent, vinyl acetate is present at from 0 to about 10 weight percent, and vinyl alcohol is present at about 98 to about 40 weight percent, with (b) an impact-resistance-increasing amount of an impact resin which is a diene-nitrile copolymer in which the diene is present at about 50 to about 85 weight percent and the nitrile is present at about 50 to about 15 weight percent, in the presence of (c) an amount of acid compatibilizing agent and for a period sufficient to provide the aforesaid permanently miscible blends.

Abstract: An electrographic recording material comprising a conductive sheet support coated with an electrically insulating layer comprising an intimate blend of a polymeric binder and up to 500 parts of an inert finely divided pigment per 100 parts by weight of polymeric binder. The binder comprises from about 40 to about 90 parts by weight of a poly(vinyl acetal) and from about 10 to about 60 parts by weight of a polystyrene or a poly(.alpha.-methylstyrene). The electrographic recording material exhibits improved toner adhesion.

Abstract: A copolymer comprising 10 to 50 mole % of olefin units and 90 to 50 mole % of vinyl units, 50 to 98 mole % of the vinyl units being vinyl alcohol units and 2 to 50 mole % of the vinyl units being vinyl acetal units, is disclosed. This copolymer has excellent resistance to hot water and excellent oxygen barrier property in combination. When this copolymer is subjected to retortsterilization, blanching is not caused and the excellent oxygen barrier property can be maintained. When this copolymer is laminated on a polyolefin or the like a laminate structure excellent in the interlaminar peel strength is provided.

Abstract: In the manufacture of a vinyl chloride copolymer solution by dissolving in an organic solvent a vinyl chloride copolymer consisting of 50 to 90 wt % of vinyl chloride and 10 to 50 wt % of vinyl ester and having a mean polymerization degree of 100 to 800 and hydrolyzing the solution in the presence of alcohol, the viscosity of the hydrolyzed solution of the vinyl chloride copolymer is adjusted to 500 to 1000 CPS and the alcohol and the organic solvent are distilled at a temperature below 60.degree. C. under a reduced pressure of 100 to 200 Torr and, when the alcohol content in the hydrolyzed solution becomes less than 0.5 wt %, the atmospheric pressure is restored.

Abstract: Coating compositions comprising intimate blends of a poly(vinyl acetal) and a low molecular weight polystyrene or poly(.alpha.-methylstyrene). The coating compositions may contain up to 500 parts by weight of an inert non-photoconductive pigment per 100 parts by weight of polymer blend. The compositions are useful for the preparation of electrographic recording media which possess improved toner adhesion.

Abstract: Process for the production of partially-hydrolyzed ethylene-vinyl ester interpolymers by the controlled alcoholysis of the base resins, in which discoloration of the hydrolyzed products is suppressed by the rapid addition of the alcoholysis catalyst to the reaction medium. In reactions carried out over periods of from 0.5 to 200 minutes, the catalyst is thus added to the medium within periods of from 0.1 to 20 minutes at substantially uniform rates varying by no more than .+-.25% over the period of addition. Substantially colorless hydrolyzed resins of particular application for packaging films are thereby produced.

Abstract: A crosslinked copolymer of an olefin and vinyl alcohol is produced by crosslinking a copolymer of the olefin and a vinyl ester to produce a crosslinked precursor, hydrolyzing the crosslinked precursor copolymer to produce a crosslinked copolymer of an olefin and vinyl alcohol.

Abstract: A flame-retarding thermoplastic polyester resin composition comprising (1) a polyester obtained from a terephthalic acid or an alkyl ester thereof and a glycol having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, (2) an organohalogen compound, (3) an inorganic flame-retarding supplementary agent, and (4) at least one polymer selected from a saponified polyvinyl acetate having a saponification degree of greater than 50%, an ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer and a saponified ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer, and optionally (5) a reinforcing agent; and a process for production thereof.

Abstract: A process for coating an inorganic silicatic substrate is described wherein the substrate is contacted with a copolymer of vinylacetate and a vinylalkoxysilane followed by water removal.

Abstract: A copolymer comprising 10 to 50 mole % of olefin units and 90 to 50 mole % of vinyl units, 50 to 98 mole % of the vinyl units being vinyl alcohol units and 2 to 50 mole % of the vinyl units being vinyl acetal units, is disclosed. This copolymer has excellent resistance to hot water and excellent oxygen barrier property in combination. When this copolymer is subjected to retort-sterilization, blanching is not caused and the excellent oxygen barrier property can be maintained. When this copolymer is laminated on a polyolefin or the like, a laminate structure excellent in the interlaminar peel strength is provided.

Abstract: A method of preparing a plasticizer-free aqueous dispersion of polyvinylbutyral is disclosed. The method effects simultaneous butyralization and dispersion, forming aqueous dispersions of polyvinylbutyral having a particle size between 0.01 and 5.mu.. The dispersion exhibits utility in protective coatings for metallic support surfaces.

Abstract: Powders of thermoplastic resins such as polyethylene homopolymer and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer are obtained by agitating molten resin in admixture with water and in the presence of a dispersing amount of an alkali metal salt of an organophosphate ester. The particle size distribution of the dispersed resin can, if desired, be regulated by the addition of base thereto.

Abstract: Dry granular silicon acid, an organic polyol and a silicon tetrahalide are mixed simultaneously to produce an organic halosilicon acid resinous product.

Abstract: A polysaccharide or polyvinyl alcohol containing a mixture of nitrite ester groups with sulfate or nitrate ester groups with the mixture of ester groups being substantially uniformly distributed among the polymer units of the polysaccharide or polyvinyl alcohol.A nitrite ester of a polysaccharide alcohol having a degree of substitution of less than about 2.0. A nitrite ester of polyvinyl alcohol having a degree of substitution of 1.0 or less.