Abstract: This invention provides a method of detecting enzyme activity on a solid medium. The enzyme substrate has a chromogenic portion comprising a catechol residue, in which a derivitising moiety is linked to the aromatic ring of the catechol via a bond, and an enzyme cleavable group which is attached via an ester or ether linkage to the oxygen atom derived from a hydroxyl group of the catechol residue. If the enzyme substrate contacts an enzyme capable of cleaving the enzyme cleavable groups and the cleaved compound contacts a chelatable metal ion, a substantially non-diffusable coloured precipitate is formed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of preparing anthocyanins, and methods of preparing precursors of anthocyanins. The methods utilise a coupling reaction between a sugar and a suitable electrophilic precursor to form Eastern half intermediates that are then reacted with Western half intermediates to form the target anthocyanins. Some Eastern half intermediates and electrophilic precursors also form part of the invention.

Abstract: A maize inbred line having the characteristics selected from those of FAR601, including plant parts, tissue, and pigments of the inbred is disclosed.

Abstract: Compounds, compositions, methods and kits are provided for treating, reducing the risk of, or preventing diseases and/or conditions, such as diseases associated with angiogenesis and/or abnormal cell proliferation, such as cancer. Compounds of the present invention have antiangiogenic and anti-cancer activity with minimum toxic effects on normal cells. Methods for preparing and manufacturing the compounds and pharmaceutical compositions are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of tiliroside or tiliroside-containing extracts from parts of a plant selected from the Sterculiaceae family, to corresponding extracts, and to the use of the extracts or process products in cosmetics or topical applications.

Abstract: Substituted and unsubstituted flavone or isoflavone glycoside derivatives of the formula [A1-C(?O)O]m—[X—O-Z]—[O—C(?O)-A2]n, wherein [X—O-Z] represents a flavone or isoflavone glycoside structure, particularly a naringin residue, X is a flavone or isoflavone corresponding to formula (IIa) or formula (IIb): wherein the flavone or isoflavone residue is substituted one or more times and/or reduced one or more times; Z represents a mono-, di- or polysaccharide, which is acetally-bound at the benzopyran group to X and ester-substituted by —O—C(?O)-A2; [A1-C(?O)] is an acyl group on the flavone or isoflavone; A1 and A2 independently, represent a polyunsaturated C15-26 alkenyl group containing at least four isolated and/or at least two conjugated double bonds, or an arylaliphatic radical with 1-to-4 methylene groups between the ester group and the aromatic ring; [C(?O)A2] is an acyl group; n is an integer other than 0; m is an integer, including 0; and R1, R2 and R are hydroxyl groups or hydrogen atoms.

Abstract: Provided are processes for the preparation of compositions enriched in phenolic compounds from a crude plant extract. One process includes a novel column purification step using a polymer resin that releasably adsorbs the phenolic compounds but does not retain polar non-phenolic compounds, wherein the resin comprises aromatic rings substituted with one or more electron-withdrawing groups. This invention also includes compositions enriched in phenolic compounds. This invention encompasses methods of using the phenolic-enriched compositions for treating warm-blooded animals, including humans, infected with paramyxovaridae such as respiratory syncytial virus, orthomyoxovaridae such as influenza A, B, and C, parainfluenza, Herpes viruses such as HSV-1 and HSV-2, and Flaviviruses such as West Nile Virus, and for treating inflammation such as caused by arthritis, stress and digestive disease. The compositions are also useful as meat additives to inhibit food-borne pathogens.

Abstract: Provided are a process for producing purified anthocyanidin glucoside in which a rhamnose end of anthocyanidin rutinoside is cleaved using rhamnosidase to convert the anthocyanidin rutinoside component into anthocyanidin glucoside, the anthocyanidin glucoside component being then purified and isolated; or a crystalline anthocyanidin glucoside salt obtained by further crystallizing the purified anthocyanidin glucoside and a process for producing the same. Also provided are a process for producing purified anthocyanidin rutinoside in which a glucose end of anthocyanidin glucoside is cleaved using ?-glucosidase to degrade and remove the end, the anthocyanidin rutinoside component being then purified and isolated; or a crystalline anthocyanidin rutinoside salt obtained by further crystallizing the purified anthocyanidin rutinoside and a process for producing the same.

Abstract: Isoflavone concentrates are described, which contain at least about ten to about twenty weight parts of polysorbate to one weight part of isoflavone containing a genistein, and/or daidcein, and/or glycitein. Further, a method for the production of an isoflavone concentrate is described.

Abstract: The invention provides new isoflavonoid and triterpenoid compounds isolated from a soybean phytochemical concentrate. The new compounds have exhibited cytotoxic activity against selected tumor cell lines. Pharmaceutical compositions comprising the new compounds and methods for use thereof are provided by the invention.

Abstract: A process for enriching the relative concentration of genistin from a mixture of isoflavones is described. In accordance with one aspect of the invention, the process comprises providing a material containing a mixture of isoflavones, extracting the material with an aqueous organic solvent solution, adding calcium oxide or calcium hydroxide to the extract to form calcium-isoflavone complexes and separating precipitated calcium-isoflavone complexes from the extract. The precipitated calcium-isoflavone complexes contain a higher concentration of genistin complexes than daidzin and glycitin complexes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to low and medium molecular weight isoflavone-?-D-glucan produced by submerged liquid culture of Agaricus blazei, a method of producing the isoflavone-?-D-glucan using autolysis enzyme of Agaricus blazei mycelia, and use of the isoflavone-?-D-glucan for anti-cancer and immunoenhancing effect.

Abstract: An extraction process and composition produced thereby for use as an antihistamine is disclosed. The composition comprises an extraction of Loranthus, which is derived from a species of Loranthus known to possess quantities of quercetin and avicularin, which may be administered orally in an amount up to 300 mg per day, and preferably between 100 to 300 mg per day. The extraction process comprises forming an ethanol extraction from raw Loranthus, filtering the extract, and passing the filtered product through a separation column, eluting, distilling and concentrating the resultant extract and thereafter applying a vacuum to remove water and solvents to produce a concentrated powdered form of the extract.

Abstract: The invention provides compositions and methods for isolating phenolic compounds, particularly isoflavones, from aqueous extracts of plant materials that contain such compounds. The process comprising: (a) providing an aqueous plant extract at a first pH less than 10, the aqueous plant extract comprising a plurality of phenolic compounds; (b) extracting the aqueous plant extract with a first organic solvent to yield a first organic extract; (c) extracting the first organic extract with an aqueous phase of pH greater than 10 to yield a phenol rich aqueous phase; (d) adjusting the pH of the phenol rich aqueous phase to a pH of less than 9; and (e) isolating the phenolic compounds from the phenol rich aqueous phase.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process of isolation of bioactive eupalitin (3-O-O-D-galactopyranoside) of formula 1 possessing anti-osteoporosis activity by extraction of powdered leaves of Boerhaavia diffusa, with better yield:

Abstract: This invention provides a process for the preparation of compositions enriched in total phenols from a crude plant extract. The process includes a novel column purification step using a brominated polystyrene resin. This invention also includes compositions enriched in total phenols. The enriched compositions are characterized as containing monomeric, oligomeric and polymeric phenols and having HPLC chromatograms substantially as set forth in FIGS. 10-13. This invention encompasses methods of using the total phenol-enriched compositions for treating warm-blooded animals, including humans, infected with paramyxovaridae such as respiratory syncytial virus, orthomyoxovaridae such as influenza A, B, and C, parainfluenza, Herpes viruses such as HSV-1 and HSV-2, and Flaviviruses such as West Nile Virus, and for treating inflammation such as caused by arthritis, stress and digestive disease.

Abstract: Isoflavones are modified by esterification at one or more of the C4?, C5, C6, and C7 positions to promote bioavailability, and especially to enhance solubility over the corresponding unesterified isoflavones. Preferred modifications produce a carboxylic acid hemiester or a phosphate ester which is biologically hydrolysable. Preferred starting isoflavones are genistin and daidzin, and still more preferably comprises an aglycone form such as genistein or daidzein. Esterified isoflavones may be employed therapeutically or prophylactically for a variety of conditions, provided as a dietary supplement, or added to natural or processed food-stuffs. Further preferred uses include incorporation of contemplated compounds into topical formulations, and especially cosmetic topical formulations.

Abstract: A composition is prepared by extracting and isolating phytochemical fractions from plant matter for treatment of cancer and especially for breast, prostate, skin, colon, urinary and bladder cancer. The composition is enriched preferably with two or more different phytochemical fractions, namely, isoflavones, lignans, saponins and saponogenins, catechins, and phenolic acids. The two selected fractions are different from each other and are combined specifically to form a composition to treat cancer. Soy is the preferred source of these phytochemicals; however, other plants may also be used, such as wheat, psyllium, rice, oats, red clover, kudzu, alfalfa, flax, and cocoa. The composition may be delivered in an easy to use or consume form, such as creams, pills, tablets, capsules, dry powder, health bars, food ingredients and supplements, tablets, soft gels, and the like.

Abstract: A method for extracting a hydrophobic group-containing water-soluble organic compound, comprising the step of bringing an aqueous solution containing the hydrophobic group-containing water-soluble organic compound and a saccharide into contact with a polar organic solvent to obtain an aqueous phase and an organic phase, whereby the hydrophobic group-containing water-soluble organic compound is transferred to the organic phase. The saccharide concentration of the aqueous solution may be at least 12 g per 100 ml of the aqueous solution. The aqueous solution may further contain a phase separation assisting agent. The phase separation assisting agent may be selected from the group consisting of sodium chloride, sodium citrate, magnesium sulfate, and ammonium sulfate.

Abstract: The invention relates to flavonoids compounds of formula (I) and (II) capable of modifying the dynamic and/or physical state of biological membranes and to stimulate the endogenous synthesis of stress proteins in eukaryotic cells. Such compounds are molecules of plant origin or synthetic. The invention also describes a method to identify, purify and chemically synthesize such flavonoid compounds and test their efficacy through their capacity to stimulate the transcription of stress genes and as a consequence, to interact with biological membranes with alteration of their relative physical state. Such compounds and corresponding pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives and/or salts have applications in the areas of pharmaceuticals, more specifically in cosmetics and dermatology, for all those afections related to an alteration of the expression of stress genes.

Abstract: Methods for the synthesis, isolation, and purification of procyanidin B2 are disclosed. The synthetic methods utilize epicatechin as a starting material and produce procyanidin B2 in high yields. The isolation methods extract procyanidin B2 from a sample of bark powder from plant matter of the genus Uncaria. The isolated and/or synthesized procyanidin B2 is used to treat amyloid disease, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Pharmaceutical compositions containing the synthesized and/or isolated procyanidin B2 are also disclosed.

Abstract: This invention relates to a biologically active formulation containing a conjugate of a fatty acid and a complex phenol. The fatty acid can be selected from a variety of fatty acids including acids have between 12 and 24 carbon atoms. The phenol can be a polynuclear phenol, a polyphenol or a polyfunctional phenol having a variety of substituents. The formulation can include pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, including diluent. The formulation can be provided in an active dosage form suitable to inhibit mammalian cell growth and/or metastasis of malignant cells. The formulation can be used to induce cytotoxicity in mammalian cells particularly tumor cells or to treat and prevent cellular injury or dysfunction.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved extraction process for an alkaloid glycoside extract from the species Solanum. In this process, a ground, dried plant tissue of the species Solanum is subjected to alcohol extraction using methanol, the extract is dried and dissolved in a weak volatile acid and centrifuged, the supernatant is precipitated using a volatile base, and the precipitate is thoroughly washed and dried. Extracts having high purity, and products made by the process are also provided.

Abstract: Water soluble antioxidant composition derived from natural sources having less than 10 ppm chlorinated hydrocarbons, less than 0.5% by weight fat, at least 15% by weight in total polyphenolic antioxidants, less than 5% by weight purine components, less than 0.5% by weight caffeine, and a Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity value of at least 0.4. The composition is suitable for use in pharmaceuticals, cosmetic, and nutritional compositions.

Abstract: Disclosed and claimed are cocoa extracts, compounds, combinations thereof and compositions containing the same, such as polyphenols or procyanidins, methods for preparing such extracts, compounds and compositions, as well as uses for them, especially a polymeric compound of the formula An, wherein A is a monomer of the formula: 1

Abstract: Compositions and pharmaceutical compositions are described which comprise: a component A comprising one or more flavonol glycosides, a component B comprising one or more tetrahydrofolic acid compounds, a component C comprising one or more calcium supplements, and a component D comprising one or more magnesium supplements. Methods of using such compositions and pharmaceutical compositions to treat and/or prevent osteoporosis and/or an inflammatory joint disease are also described.

Abstract: A method for purifying soy isoflavones glycosides of genistin and daidzin from impurities present in a soy isoflavones concentrate. The method includes digesting a soy isoflavones concentrate with an acidic solution and separating insoluble solids from the acidic solution, wherein the solids are enriched in genistin and comprise glycosides of genistin and daidzin.

Abstract: 3-Deoxyflavonoid compounds and methods for inhibiting T-cell activity and treating diseases and disorders (e.g., autoimmune disorders, inflammatory disorders, diabetes, ALS, MS, rheumatoid arthritis, etc.). In some cases the efficacy and/or duration of action of luteolin and/or other 3-dioxyflavinoid compounds may be increased by administering such compounds along with Rutin, a Rutin congener and/or a Rutin derivative. Also, in some cases, first pass metabolism of luteolin or other 3-deoxyflavinoids may be avoided by administering such compounds by parenteral routes (e.g., sublingual, buccal, intranasal, injection, etc.).

Abstract: A process for the production of a high purity isoflavone composition is disclosed. The process involves subjecting plant material to a primary chromatographic step to obtain an isoflavone enriched fraction and subjecting the isoflavone enriched fraction to a second chromatographic step. Also disclosed is a process that invloves passing the plant material through an ultrafiltration membrane which has a molecular weight cut-off range that produces a plant material permeate prior to subjecting the plant material permeate to primary and secondary chromatographic steps.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a very effective health food exhibiting the effect near that which has been already achieved by the traditional Chinese medical science. The present invention relates to a health food product comprising cholic acid, especially to a health food product comprising cholic acid and isoflavone and/or isoflavone glycoside.

Abstract: This invention includes both a one-column process and a two-column process for the preparation of compositions enriched for anthocyanins from a crude plant extract. Both processes include a novel column purification step using a brominated polystyrene resin. This invention also includes extracts enriched for anthocyanins.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel compound 8-(C-&bgr;-D-glucopyranosyl)-7,3′,4′-trihydroxyflavone, isolated from Pterocarpus marsupium useful in the treatment of diabetes. The present invention also relates to a method for the preparation of the compound and to the uses thereof.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to isolation and identification of plant proanthocyanidin extracts and particular proanthocyanidin compounds for prevention and treatment of urinary tract infections caused by P-type Escherichia coli. These extracts can be obtained from any proanthocyanidin-containing plants, including plants of the families Ericaceae, Rosaceae, Pinaceae, Vitaceae and the like. Preferably the extracts are from cranberry plants (especially, Vaccinium macrocarpon) and other plants, particularly fruit and berry plants from the Vaccinium spp. The extracts and compounds are also provided as pharmaceutical compositions, food additives and food compositions, especially beverages, ground meat preparations and cranberry-containing food products. The invention also relates to methods of reducing pathogenicity of P-type E. coli in the digestive tracts of cattle and reducing P-type E. coli contamination in ground meat as well as methods of detecting P-type bacteria.

Abstract: A naringenin derivative of the general formula I: where R1 and R2 each represents either a hydrogen atom or &bgr;-D-glucosyl group, and but both R1 and R2 are not identical.

Abstract: Anthocyanic colorant made of vegetable primary material and process for its production relate to food, cosmetic, pharmaceutical and textile industry and may be used in production of alcoholic and soft drinks, confectionery, products made of sour milk, in coloring of tablet capsules, dying of children's underwear, toys, etc. According to the invention, pelargonidin glycoside was added to the composition of the natural colorant that contained cyanidin glycosides, peonidin glycosides, organic substance and mineral salts. The components percentage shall be as follows, %: cyanidin glycoside 0.1-8.6; peonidin glycoside 0.08-6.45 pelargonidin glycoside 0.005-4.3; organic substance and mineral salts—the rest. Due to the fact that the colorant solution contains pelergonidin glycoside further to cyanidin and peonidin glycosides, the proposed colorant obtained expanded color spectrum. Combination of these three anthocyans in the proposed colorant provides for the most rich spectrum of red colors.

Abstract: This invention relates to quercetin derivative, its preparation, and a pharmaceutical combination, as well as their medical uses for the prevention or treatment of diseases related to 5HT1A receptor or neuron cell damages, including Alzeheimer's disease, drug or alcohol dependence, sleep disorders or panic state; and for delaying senility, improving learning and memory, preventing and treatment of neuron cell damages caused by various kinds of cerebral damages.

Abstract: Provided are a process for producing purified anthocyanidin glucoside in which a rhamnose end of anthocyanidin rutinoside is cleaved using rhamnosidase to convert the anthocyanidin rutinoside component into anthocyanidin glucoside, the anthocyanidin glucoside component being then purified and isolated; or a crystalline anthocyanidin glucoside salt obtained by further crystallizing the purified anthocyanidin glucoside and a process for producing the same.

Abstract: Disclosed is a neutralizing agent for a clostridium bacterial neurotoxin and a preparation method thereof. The neutralizing agent contains a flavonol glycoside (A) or a flavonol glycoside (B). The flavonol glycoside (A) has a flavone skelton which has two hydroxyl groups at the 5 and 7 positions, at least one hydroxyl group bonding at either one of the 3′, 4′ and 5′ positions, and an ether linkage forming glycoside at the 3 position with a carbohydrate chain containing a rutinose skelton. The flavonol glycoside (B) has also another ether linkage at the 4′ position with a carbohydrate chain containing rhamnose. The neutralizing agent is prepared by separating the thearubigin fraction of black tea extract by elution with methanol/water solvent using a reverse phase liquid chromatography.

Abstract: 3-Deoxyflavonoid compounds and methods for inhibiting T-cell activity and treating diseases and disorders (e.g., autoimmune disorders, inflammatory disorders, diabetes, ALS, MS, rheumatoid arthritis, etc.). In some cases the efficacy and/or duration of action of luteolin and/or other 3-deoxyflavonoid compounds may be increased by administering such compounds along with Rutin, a Rutin congener and/or a Rutin derivative. Also, in some cases, first pass metabolism of luteolin or other 3-deoxyflavonoids may be avoided by administering such compounds by parenteral routes (e.g., routes wherein absorption occurs at sites other than the stomach or intestinal mucosa, such as sublingual, buccal, intranasal, injection, etc.).

Abstract: The present invention discloses methods of making a mixture of theaflavin, theaflavin-3-gallate, theaflavin-3′-gallate and theaflavin 3,3′-digallate, pharmaceutical compositions of the above mixture of theaflavins, diet supplement compositions of the above mixture of theaflavins and methods for using the above mixtures of theaflavin and pharmaceutical compositions thereof to treat or prevent various diseases. The present invention also discloses methods of making theaflavin, theaflavin-3-gallate, theaflavin-3′-gallate and theaflavin 3,3′-digallate, each as a separate compound, pharmaceutical compositions of the above compounds, diet supplement compositions of the above compounds and methods for using the above compounds to treat or prevent various diseases.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of flavone derivatives in which a 2-hydroxyacetophenone compound is metallated using a lithium compound at low temperatures and subsequently reacted with a keto compound, and where the ratio of the molar equivalents of lithium compound to the 2-hydroxyacetophenone compound functional groups to be metallated is from 1 to 1.2. The resultant &bgr;-diketone compound is subsequently cyclised with warming in an acidic medium.

Abstract: A health supplement composition is disclosed. The health supplement composition contains a solid health supplement material that is separated from a soy molasses material. The solid health supplement material contains at least two isoflavones where one of the isoflavones is either glycitein or glycitin.

Abstract: A simple and easy process for preparing pharmacologically useful flavonoid compound having reductase inhibitory effect, active oxygen extinguishing effect, carcinogenesis promotion inhibitory effect, anti-inflammatory effect, and so on. Particularly, a process for preparing the compound of the formula (I): wherein, R2 is a substituted or un-substituted phenyl group; R7 is a hydrogen atom or a hydroxyl group; and n is an integer of 1 to 4; by bonding a sugar derivative to catechins as the starting compound selectively via O-glycoside bond and then oxidizing the 4-position of flavanoid skeleton of the obtained compound.

Abstract: One aspect of the present invention relates to optionally substituted halogenated benzyl halides and the like. These compounds are useful as halogenated benzyl ether-based protecting groups for a variety of functional groups. Another aspect of the present invention relates to use of said protecting groups in an orthogonal protecting group strategy for the synthesis of complex molecules that comprise a number of suitable functional groups. Another aspect of the present invention relates to saccharides bearing various arrays of protecting groups of the present invention. Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method of synthesizing an oligosaccharide or glycoconjugate, comprising the steps of: using a saccharide bearing at least one protecting group of the present invention to glycosylate a second molecule to give a product comprising said saccharide; and removing a protecting group of the present invention from said product.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel coumarin derivatives of formula (I) wherein: X═O or S; n=zero, 1, 2, 3 or 4; R5 and R6, which can be the same or different, are optionally unsaturated C1-C4 alkyl groups, or together with the nitrogen atom they form a residue of cyclic amines optionally containing other heteroatoms; R1═CH3 or phenyl; R2 and R4, which can be the same or different, are H, OH, allyl, halogen or methyl.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for recovering high-purity isoquerectin from bioflavonoid pastes, that is from mother-liquor residues which are produced during the recovery of flavonoids, by extraction with a solvent mixture of methyl acetate and water.

Abstract: This invention pertains to methods of increasing isoflavonoid production in isoflavonoid-producing plants by transforming plants with at least one construct expressing at least a portion of a flavanone 3-hydroxylase, a C1 myb transcription factor, and an R-type myc transcription factor that regulate expression of genes in the phenylpropanoid pathway.

Abstract: The present invention provides two novel regulatory genes and encoded proteins which can be used to alter the biosynthesis and accumulation of condensed tannin levels in plants and plant tissues. The present invention further encompasses transgenic constructs containing the novel regulatory genes herein referred to as Ulimyc, Corniculmyc and Japmyc, for use in the transformation of plants and plant tissues and transgenic plants containing such constructs. The identification and characterization of these novel genes provide a mechanism for altering tannin production in plants and allows one to alter such levels to produce a variety of benefits in the field of agriculture, land reclamation animal farming and food technology in general.

Abstract: DNA obtained, for example, from snapdragon or torenia, encoding an enzyme that can convert flavanones directly to flavones, and its uses; the DNA and amino acid sequences for enzymes encoded thereby are listed as SEQ.ID. No. 1 & 2 and 3 & 4, for example. Introduction of the genes into plants can, for example, alter the flower colors of the plants.

Abstract: A health supplement composition is disclosed. The health supplement composition contains a solid health supplement material that is separated from a soy molasses material. The soy molasses material is derived from a soy material selected from soy flour, soy flakes, soy grit, or soy meal. The solid health supplement material contains at least two isoflavones where one of the isoflavones is either glycitein or glycitin.