Abstract: The present invention relates to oxonium salts having [(Ro)3O]+ cations and sulfonium salts having [(Ro)3S]+ cations, where Ro denotes straight-chain or branched alkyl groups having 1-8 C atoms or phenyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by Ro, ORo, N(Ro)2, CN or halogen, and anions selected from the group of [PFx(CyF2y+1?xHz)6?x]? anions, where 2?x?5, 1?y?8 and 0?z?2y+1, or anions selected from the group of [BFn(CN)4?n]? anions, where n=0, 1, 2 or 3, or anions selected from the group of [(Rf1SO2)2N]? anions or anions selected from the group of [BFWRf24?w]? anions, to processes for the preparation thereof, and to the use thereof, in particular for the preparation of ionic liquids.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new compounds of formula (I) and to pharmaceutical composition containing said compounds and to the use of said compounds in therapy. The present invention further relates to processes for the preparation of said compounds and to new intermediates useful in the preparation thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods and systems for the analysis of the dissociation behavior of nucleic acids and the identification of nucleic acids. In one aspect, methods and systems are disclosed for identifying a nucleic acid in a sample including an unknown nucleic acid and for detecting a single nucleotide polymorphism in a nucleic acid in a sample. In another aspect, methods and systems are disclosed for identification of a nucleic acid in a biological sample including at least one unknown nucleic acid by fitting denaturation data including measurements of a quantifiable physical change of the sample at a plurality of independent sample property points to a function to determine an intrinsic physical value and to obtain an estimated physical change function, and identifying the nucleic acid in the biological sample by comparing the intrinsic physical value for at least one unknown nucleic acid to an intrinsic physical value for a known nucleic acid.

Abstract: The present invention provides a pyrrolidine compound of General Formula (1) or a salt thereof, wherein R101 and R102 are each independently a phenyl group or a pyridyl group, the phenyl group or the pyridyl group may have one or more substituents selected from halogen atoms and lower alkyl groups optionally substituted with one or more halogen atoms, etc. The pyrrolidine compound or a salt thereof of the present invention is usable to produce a pharmaceutical preparation having a wider therapeutic spectrum and being capable of exhibiting sufficient therapeutic effects after short-term administration.

Abstract: A compound for an organic photoelectric device, organic photoelectric device, and a display device, the compound being represented by the following Chemical Formula 1:

Abstract: The present invention relates to the identification of an intranucleosomal DNA loop formed during transcription through a nucleosome and use of the same to identify an agent that modulates the RNA Polymerase II-histone surface.

Abstract: Compounds of Formula (I) or (II) useful for the treatment of spinal muscular atrophy or other uses, as well as methods of using such compounds to increase SMN expression, increase EAAT2 expression, or increase the expression of a nucleic acid that encodes a translational stop codon introduced by mutation or frameshift.

Abstract: 4-amino-6-alkynyloxypyrimidine compounds shown by the formula (V) which has a controlling activity against pests can be produced by the method which comprises the first step which produces a 4-fluoro-6-alkynyloxypyrimidine compound shown by the formula (I) by making a 4,6-difluoropyrimidine compound shown by the formula (II) react with an alcohol compound shown by the formula (III) H—OR2??(III) in the presence of a tertiary amine; and the second step which produces the 4-amino-6-alkynyloxypyrimidine compound shown by the formula (V) by making the 4-fluoro-6-alkynyloxypyrimidine compound shown by the formula (I) react with an amine compound shown by the formula (IV)

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing onium salts with tetrafluoroborate anion by reacting an onium halide with an oxonium tetrafluoroborate, sulfonium tetrafluoroborate, or triphenylcarbonium tetrafluoroborate.

Abstract: Pinane-substituted pyrimidinediamine derivatives and pharmaceutical compositions containing the derivatives are disclosed as being useful in inhibiting the activity of the receptor protein tyrosine kinase Axl. Methods of using the derivatives in treating diseases or conditions associated with Axl catalytic activity are also disclosed.

Abstract: An aromatic amine derivative represented by the following formula (1), wherein at least one of Ar1 to Ar3 is represented by the following formula (2), wherein X1 to X3 are independently a nitrogen atom or CR2, provided that two of X1 to X3 are a nitrogen atom and X1 and X3 are not simultaneously a nitrogen atom.

Abstract: The present invention relates to 4,6-disubstituted aminopyrimidine derivatives and/or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, the use of these derivatives as pharmaceutically active agents, especially for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of infectious diseases, including opportunistic diseases, prion diseases, immunological diseases, autoimmune diseases, bipolar and clinical disorders, cardiovascular diseases, cell proliferative diseases, diabetes, inflammation, transplant rejections, erectile dysfunction, neurodegenerative diseases and stroke, and pharmaceutical compositions containing at least one of said 4,6-di substituted aminopyrimidine derivatives and/or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel endothelin receptor antagonists, derivatives, acceptable acid addition salts thereof. The invention also provides compositions comprising a compound of this invention and the use of such compositions in methods of treating diseases and conditions that are beneficially treated by compounds that block the endothelin signaling pathway that leads to vasoconstriction and in particular those diseases or conditions beneficially treated by endothelin receptor antagonists.

Abstract: Objects of the present invention are the compounds of formula (I), their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, enantiomeric forms, diastereoisomers and racemates, the preparation of the above compounds, medicaments containing them and their manufacture, as well as the use of the above compounds in the control or prevention of illnesses such as cancer.

Abstract: Nucleic acid labeling compounds including the following are disclosed: These compounds are useful for attaching a detectable label to a nucleic acid.

Abstract: It has been discovered that inhibiting mitochondrial respiration in platelets reduces platelet activation or platelet aggregation. Certain heterocyclic compounds significantly reduced one or more platelet functions including clumping, sticking or platelet-stimulated clotting. Thus diseases or disorders mediated by inappropriately high levels of platelet activation or platelet aggregation can be treated by administering a therapeutically effective amount of a heterocyclic compound or nonheterocyclic mitochondrial inhibitor that significantly reduces one or more platelet functions including clumping, sticking or platelet-stimulated clotting, preferably in a reversible manner.

Abstract: The invention encompasses compounds of Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts, their pharmaceutical compositions, and their use in treating CNS disorders.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel endothelin receptor antagonists, derivatives, acceptable acid addition salts, solvates, hydrates and polymorphs thereof. The invention also provides compositions comprising a compound of this invention and the use of such compositions in methods of treating diseases and conditions that are beneficially treated by compounds that block the endothelin signaling pathway that leads to vasoconstriction and in particular those diseases or conditions beneficially treated by endothelin receptor antagonists.

Abstract: A liquid crystal compound having general physical properties necessary for a liquid crystal compound, a high stability to heat, light or the like, a small viscosity, a suitable refractive index anisotropy, a suitable dielectric anisotropy and steep electro-optic characteristics, a wide temperature range of a nematic phase and an excellent compatibility with other liquid crystal compounds, and a liquid crystal compound especially having a wide temperature range of a nematic phase. A compound represented by formula (1). with, for example, R1 and R2 are alkyl having 1 to 10 carbons; A1 is 1,4-cyclohexylene; A2 is 2,3-difluoro-1,4-phenylene; X is fluorine or chlorine; Z1 and Z2 are a single bond; and p and q is 0 or 1.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a particular form of the (3,5-bis trifluoromethyl)-N-[4-methyl-3-(4-pyridin-3yl-pyrimidin-2ylamino)-phenyl]-benzamide (formula I), processes for the preparation thereof, pharmaceutical compositions containing this crystal form, and their use as anti tumor agent in humans.

Abstract: Solvates and crystalline forms of imatinib mesylate are described. Further, methods for preparing such solvates and crystalline forms of imatinib mesylate are described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the stereospecific synthesis of (R)-5-((E)-2-pyrrolidin-3-yl)pyrimidine, novel salt forms, and novel polymorphic forms of these salts.

Abstract: This invention discloses a novel stable crystal form of imatinib mesylate, designated by us as ?2 Form, which is stable at room temperature and even at higher temperatures up to 120° C. and accelerated stress conditions and, freely soluble in water. This invention also discloses a pharmaceutical composition containing the novel stable ?2 form of Imatinib mesylate and other usually employed excipients, useful in the treatment of Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML). This new ?2 Form of imatinib mesylate is prepared by slurrying Imatinib base in isopropanol at room temperature followed by addition of methane sulfonic acid and maintaining 50-60 ° C. followed by filtration. This invention also discloses another process for the preparation of the novel, stable ?2 crystalline form of Imatinib Mesylate by the conversion of Imatinib mesylate ?-polymorphic modification by suspending it in water and organic solvents, distilling off water azeotropically, cooling and filtering to obtain the ?2 crystal form.

Abstract: Provided is a method whereby a heteroaromatic ring aryl can be very rapidly methylated at a high yield. In an N-alkyl-2-pyrrolidinone, a heteroaromatic ring aryltrialkylstannan is cross-coupled with methyl iodide in the presence of a palladium complex, a phosphine ligand, a cuprous halide, a carbonic acid salt and/or an alkali metal fluoride to thereby rapidly methylate the heteroaromatic ring aryl. (Formula shows a case wherein the heteroaromatic ring aryl is a pyridyl group.

Abstract: Novel dicationic terphenyl compounds and their aza analogues. Methods for combating microbial infections with novel dicationic terphenyl compounds and their aza analogues. Processes for synthesizing novel dicationic terphenyl compounds and their aza analogues.

Abstract: The invention relates to a precursor for producing sintered metallic components, a method for producing the precursor and the production of the components. The object of the invention is to disclose possibilities of being able to produce sintered metallic components, which render possible an increased physical density and a reduced shrinkage on the fully sintered component. With a precursor according to the invention for the production of sintered metallic components, a coating layer is formed on a core, which is formed from respectively one particle of a first metallic powder. The coating layer is formed with a second powder and a binder. The first powder thereby has a particle size d90 of at least 50 ?m and the second powder has a particle size d90 of less than 25 ?m. The precursor is powdery.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an arylalkylamine compound represented by the following formula [I] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, a process for preparing the same, and use of the above-mentioned compound as an activating compound (CaSR agonist) of a Ca sensing receptor, a pharmaceutical composition containing the above-mentioned compound as an effective ingredient, etc.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds, pharmaceutical compositions and methods of use of certain compounds that are antagonists of the chemokine CXCR4 receptor, and in particular to inhibit viral entry of certain viruses. Certain compounds in particular can reduce entry of immunodeficiency virus (HIV) into a cell while not reducing the capacity of stem cells to proliferate, and therefore can be useful for long term treatment regimes. The compounds are useful in particular in the treatment or prevention of HIV infections.

Abstract: Provided is an organic light-emitting device having an optical output with high luminance and high color purity with extremely high efficiency. The organic light-emitting device includes an organic layer between the anode and the cathode, in which one of the anode and the cathode is a transparent electrode or a semi-transparent electrode and at least one layer of the organic layer contains at least one kind of indenopyrene compound having a specific structure.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to compounds which contain substituted pyridazines and pyrimidines moieties which inhibit the activity of Akt, a serine/threonine protein kinase. The invention is further directed to chemotherapeutic compositions containing the compounds of this invention and methods for treating cancer comprising administration of the compounds of the invention.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds of formula (I), wherein R1 and R2 are as defined in the specification; processes for their preparation; pharmaceutical compositions containing them; a process for preparing the pharmaceutical compositions; and their use in therapy.

Abstract: Certain noel N-(heteroarylalkyl)alkanediamine derivatives have provided unexpected insecticidal and acaricidal activity. These compounds are represented by formula I: wherein Ar, a, r, R, Ra, Rb, Rc, Rd, b, c, Re, Rf, Rg, Rh, R5, d, e, U, V, X, WR6 and R7 are fully described herein. In addition, compositions comprising an insecticidally effective amount of at least one compound of formula I, and optionally, an effective amount of at least one of a second compound, with at least one insecticidally compatible carrier are also disclosed; along with methods of controlling insects comprising applying said compositions to a locus where insects are present or are expected to be present.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds which bind VLA-4. Certain of these compounds also inhibit leukocyte adhesion and, in particular, leukocyte adhesion mediated by VLA-4. Such compounds are useful in the treatment of inflammatory diseases in a mammalian patient, e.g., human, such as asthma, Alzheimer's disease, atherosclerosis, AIDS dementia, diabetes, inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, tissue transplantation, tumor metastasis and myocardial ischemia. The compounds can also be administered for the treatment of inflammatory brain diseases such as multiple sclerosis.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of the formula (I) wherein n is 0, 1 or 2; G is CH2 or CHR3; R1 is H, C,-C6-alkyl, C,-C6-alkyl substituted by C3-C6-cycloalkyl, C1-C6-hydroxyalkyl, fluorinated C,-C6-alkyl, C3-C6-cycloalkyl, fluorinated C3-C6-cycloalkyl, C3-C6 alkenyl, fluorinated C3-C6-alkenyl, formyl, acetyl or propionyl; R2, R3 and R4 are, independently of each other, H, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, or trifluoromethyl; A is phenylene, pyridylene, pyrimidylene, pyrazinylene, pyridazinylene or thiophenylene, which can be substituted by one or more substituents selected from halogen, methyl, methoxy and CF3; E is NR5 or CH2, wherein R5 is H or C1-C3-alkyl; Ar is a cyclic radical selected from the group consisting of phenyl, a 5- or 6-membered heteroaromatic radical comprising as ring members 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms selected from N, O and S and a phenyl ring fused to a saturated or unsaturated 5- or 6-membered carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring, where the heterocyclic ring comprises as ring members 1, 2

Abstract: Novel compounds and their uses are disclosed herein.

Abstract: A composition comprising a phosphorescent compound, and a compound having a structure containing three or more repeating units having a dipole moment dimension of 1.0 Debye or more connected in series, wherein, based on the total number of dimer structures composed of any two repeating units connected in series contained in the above-described structure, the proportion of the number of dimer structures in which the dimension D2 of the dipole moment of the dimer structure, the dimension D1a of the dipole moment of the first repeating unit constituting the dimer structure and the dimension D1b of the dipole moment of the second repeating unit constituting the dimer structure satisfy a relation represented by the following formula (A): D1a<D2 and D1b<D2??(A) is 50% or more.

Abstract: This invention relates to compounds of formula I their salts, and pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives thereof, pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds and their use in the treatment of picornavirus infections in mammals, as well as novel intermediates useful in the preparation of the compounds of formula I.

Abstract: Imidazole compounds, compositions, and methods of using them in leukocyte recruitment inhibition, in modulating H4 receptor expression, and in treating conditions such as inflammation, H4 receptor-mediated conditions, and related conditions.

Abstract: This invention comprises antineoplastic curcumin derivatives and methods of preparation and use thereof. Particular reference is made to the following isomeric compounds wherein R1, R2, and R3 are selected from the group consisting of H, OH, OCH3, and COOH.

Abstract: Disclosed are an oligomer and a phthalonitrile monomer having the formulas: M is a metal or H. The value n is an integer greater than or equal to 1 for the oligomer and greater than or equal to 0 for the phthalonitrile monomer. Ar1 and Ar2 are independently selected aromatic- or heterocyclic-containing groups. Ar1, Ar2, or both are heteroaromatic or heterocyclic groups containing a nitrogen, sulfur, or oxygen heteroatom. Also disclosed are thermosets and pyrolyzed materials made from the phthalonitrile monomer.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I) are useful in treating conditions or disorders prevented by or ameliorated by histamine-3 receptor ligands. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions comprising the histamine-3 receptor ligands, methods for using such compounds and compositions, and a process for preparing compounds within the scope of formula (I).

Abstract: A method for preparing a compound of the structure I,

Abstract: The invention provides a liquid crystal compound which has stability to heat, light and so forth, a nematic phase in a wide temperature range, a small viscosity, a large optical anisotropy, and a suitable elastic constant K33, and further has a suitable and negative dielectric anisotropy and an excellent compatibility with other liquid crystal compounds. Moreover, the invention provides a liquid crystal composition comprising this liquid crystal compound and a liquid crystal display device containing this liquid crystal composition. A liquid crystal compound represented by formula (a): for example, R1 and R2 are alkyl having 1 to 10 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 10 carbons or alkoxy having 1 to 9 carbons; ring A1 and ring A2 are 1,4-phenylene or trans-1,4-cyclohexylene; L1 and L2 are hydrogen or fluorine, and at least one of L1 and L2 is fluorine; and Z1 and Z2 are a single bond, —(CH2)2—, —CH?CH—, —CH2O— or —OCH2—.

Abstract: Disclosed is a catalyst composition based on an indium salt and an organic ionic liquid, a process for making the catalyst composition, and uses thereof. The catalyst composition is particularly suitable for Lewis acid catalysed electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions, such as Friedel-Crafts alkylation reactions an Friedel-Crafts acylation reactions.

Abstract: A Compound represented by the following general formula (1): wherein R1a, R1b, R1c and R1d each independently represent hydrogen, etc.; R2 represents optionally substituted phenyl, etc.; R3 represents optionally substituted C6-10 aryl, etc.; and Z1 and Z2 each independently represent hydrogen or salts thereof or hydrates of the foregoing.

Abstract: The present invention relates to biaryl sulfonamides and their use as, for example, metalloproteinase inhibitors.

Abstract: This invention relates to compounds of formula (I): their compositions and methods of use thereof. The compounds (and compositions) are useful in modulating IL-12 production and processes mediated by IL-12.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds of Formula (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and solvates thereof. Such compounds are MEK inhibitors and are useful in the treatment of proliferative diseases, such as cancer. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds as well as methods of using the compounds and compositions of the invention in the treatment of cancer.

Abstract: Compounds having the structure of Formula (I), including pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compounds, are CETP inhibitors and are useful for raising HDL-cholesterol, reducing LDL-cholesterol, and for treating or preventing atherosclerosis. In the compounds of Formula (I), B is a cyclic group other than phenyl, and B has a cyclic substituent at a position that is ortho to the position at which B is connected to the remainder of the structure of Formula (I). The 5-membered ring of Formula (I) has a second cyclic substituent in addition to B.

Abstract: The invention relates to heterocyclic compounds of Formula I and compositions thereof useful for treating diseases mediated by protein kinase B (PKB) where the variables have the definitions provided herein. The invention also relates to the therapeutic use of such compounds and compositions thereof in treating disease states associated with abnormal cell growth, cancer, inflammation, and metabolic disorders.