Abstract: A therapeutic method is provided to elevate a depressed mammalian autologous mixed lymphocyte response and to alleviate the diseases associated therewith by the administration of an effective amount of certain selective delta opioid receptor antagonists to a mammal such as a human patient in need of such treatment.

Abstract: The dyes of the present invention are fluorescent substituted 3',6'-diaminoxanthenes and their reduced analogs 3',6'-diaminodihydroxanthenes, which are oxidized to the fluorescent form of the dye in situ. In their oxidized form, the dyes selectively localize within mitochondria. The dyes of the present invention include an alkylating group that is covalently attached that allows their retention in mitochondria even after cell death, fixation, and permeabilization.

Abstract: The invention relates to fluorescent and/or reactive derivatives of 1,2-bis-(2-aminophenoxyethane)-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid (BAPTA) according to the formula: ##STR1## where at least one of W and X is a functional group, with or without a spacer, that terminates in an alcohol or phenol, a thiol, a haloacetamide, an alkyl halide, an amine or aniline, a carboxylic acid, an anhydride, an isocyanate, an isothiocyanate, a maleimide, or an activated ester. The BAPTA-like molecule may be further substituted, one or more times, by additional functional groups with or without spacers or by CH.sub.3, NO.sub.2, CF.sub.3, F, Cl, Br, I, or carboxylic acid derivatives or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, or by indolyl or benzofuran fluorophores. The functional groups allow for subsequent covalent attachment of one or more oxygen heterocycle fluorophores (e.g. fluorescein, coumarin, rhodamine); or polymolecular assemblies (e.g.

Abstract: Bis-N-aminoimides of formula (III): ##STR1## wherein m is 0 or 1 and ##STR2## is a mono- or polycyclic aromatic radical, can be employed to produce a variety of polymers of the type produced from diamines, including polyimides having an N--N linkage; polymers can be produced having exceptionally high glass transition temperatures, but which are also soluble in organic solvents; colored polymers and electroconductive polymers and photoconductive polymers can also be produced.

Abstract: Bis-N-aminoimides of formula (III): ##STR1## wherein m is 0 or 1 and is a mono- or polycyclic aromatic radical, can be employed to produce a variety of polymers of the type produced from diamines, including polyimides having an N--N linkage; polymers can be produced having exceptionally high glass transition temperatures, but which are also soluble in organic solvents; coloured polymers and electroconductive polymers and photoconductive polymers can also be produced.

Abstract: An immunosuppressive agent which has low toxicity and which exhibits excellent effectiveness even if it is orally administered is presented. The immunosuppressive agent of the present invention is characterized in that it contains .delta.-opioid antagonist having high selectivity to .delta.-opioid receptor. The present invention also provides a process of producing a naltrindole derivative characterized by reacting naltrexone or a salt thereof with a phenylhydrazine derivative in a solvent in the presence of methanesulfonic acid.

Abstract: The invention relates to perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic diimides of the formula (I) ##STR1## in which R is a 3'- and/or 4'-methoxybenzyl radical, and their preparation and use as black pigments, inter alia in paint preparations, printing inks or for the dyeing of polymers.

Abstract: Compounds of formula ##STR1## wherein R is C.sub.7 -C.sub.21 alkyl, C.sub.4 -C.sub.18 alkenyl, C.sub.5 -C.sub.12 cycloalkyl or C.sub.5 -C.sub.6 cycloalkyl-substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl,R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are each independently of one another hydrogen, chloro, bromo, methyl or methoxy,Z is a direct bond or --O--, --S--, --NH--, --CO--, --SO.sub.2 -- or --NHCO--, andn is 0 or 1.These compounds have excellent suitability as pigments for coloring organic material of high molecular weight, especially polyvinyl chloride, polyolefins and paints.

Abstract: Biological applications of synthetic and natural alkaloids derived from the tunicate Eudistoma sp. are disclosed. A method regulating cell growth includes contacting one or more cells with an effective concentration of a compound for regulating cell growth. These compounds include: Segoline A, Segoline B, Isosegoline A, Norosegoline, Debromoshermilamine, Eilatin, 4-methylpyrido[2,3,4-kl] acridine, pyrido[2,3,4-kl]acridine, 1-acetyl-2,6-dimethylpyrido[2,3,4-kl]acridine, and derivatives and combinations of these compounds. An effective concentration range for using these compounds can range from approximately 0.1 .mu.M to 100 .mu.M. The effective concentration range for Eilatin, the most potent of these compounds is from 0.01 .mu.M to 0.99 .mu.M, and the effective concentration range for the other compounds of the present invention is from about 1.0 .mu.M to 100 .mu.M.

Abstract: Pigment preparations consisting essentially of (a) at least one pigment based on perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic dianhydride or on corresponding monoimides or diimides of tetracarboxylic acid monoanhydride, or a halogenation product thereof, (b) at least one pigment dispergent based on perylene-3,4,9,10-monoimide substituted on one or both imide nitrogen atoms by alkylene or arylene sulphonic or carboxylic acid groups or on corresponding diimides of tetracarboxylic acid monoanhydride, or a halogenation product thereof. The dispergents used appreciably enhance the key properties of perylene pigments, such as dispersibility, coloring power, stability to flocculation, transparency, rheological behavior and surface properties of the application medium. These new preparations are suitable for the pigmentation of high-quality lacquers and synthetic resins.

Abstract: Perylenetetracarboxylic diimides which contain a radical in the same molecule on one imide nitrogen which acts as an anion but contain a radical on the other imide nitrogen which acts as a cation, and on this basis form inner salts, are available by reaction of sulfo-containing alkylamines with perylenetetracarboxylic monoanhydride monoalkylaminoalkylimides or by reaction of alkylaminoalkylamines with perylenetetracarboxylic monoanhydride monosulfoalkylimides. As a result of their characteristic structural principle, these novel perylene compounds have excellent dispersing properties, in particular for pigments of the same chemical classes of compounds and can even be used themselves as pigments (colorants) depending on the substituent.

Abstract: This invention relates to a novel process for the continuous preparation of perylenetetracarboxylic diimides by fusion of a naphthalimide in a mixture of an alkali metal hydroxide and, optionally, an alkali metal carboxylate to form an initial leuko condensation product that is subsequently oxidized in an aqueous medium to form the perylenetetracarboxylic diimide.

Abstract: Dyes of the formula ##STR1## in which F is the radical of an indigoid dye, of a benzothioxanthene or of an aromatic dye which contains at least 4 alicyclic and/or heterocyclic, fused six-membered rings and at least two ring keto groups and is not water-soluble, R.sub.1 is a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-4 -alkyl radical, a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl radical, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl radical or a radical of the formula--A--Qwhere A is a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-4 -alkylene radical and Q is a basic radical, which may be quaternised, and R.sub.2 is hydrogen or a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-4 -alkyl radical, or in which R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 together with the ##STR2## group are a phthalimide radical, and R.sub.3 is hydrogen, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-4 -alkyl radical, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl radical, a C.sub.1-4 -alkoxycarbonyl radical or a N,N-di-C.sub.1-4 -alkylcarboxamide radical and n is 1, 2, 3 or 4.

Abstract: Compounds and methods for detecting the incorporation of a hapten into a protein or macromolecules are disclosed. The compounds comprise haptens bound directly or indirectly to a chromophoric group and a macromolecules-reactive group, whereby incorporation of the hapten into a protein or other macromolecules may be detected. The disclosure includes a compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein n.sub.1 is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7;n.sub.2 is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7;R.sub.1 is either a carboxytetramethyl-rhodamyl, sulforhodamyl101, or dinitrophenylaminohexanoyl group; andR.sub.2 is --CO.sub.2 H, --NH.sub.

Abstract: Perylenetetracarbimide mix-crystal pigments in the crystal lattice of the .alpha.-modification of N,N'-bis-3',5'-dimethylphenylperylenetetracarbimide of the formula (1) comprising 99-70 mole percent of the symmetrical diimide of the formula (1) and correspondingly 1-30 mole percent of the asymmetrically substituted diimide of the formula (2) ##STR1## process for their preparation and their use for coloring organic polymers.

Abstract: Perylimides useful as monomers have the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 -alkyl which may be interrupted by one or more oxygen atoms or is substituted phenyl,R.sup.2 has the meanings hydrogen, chlorine or substituted or unsubstituted phenoxy independently of one another in its four appearances,X is a chemical bond or a radical of the formula ##STR2## where R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are each independently of the other hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy or halogen m is 1 or 2, and n is 0 or 1,Y is C.sub.6 -C.sub.14 -alkylene which may be interrupted by one or more oxygen atoms or by one or more imino or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkylimino groups, andZ is vinyl, acryloyloxy or acryloxylamino.

Abstract: Brilliant and easily dispersible perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxydiimide pigments of high color strength and N-alkyl derivatives thereof having 1 to 4 carbon atoms per alkyl group can be prepared by subjecting finely divided crude pigments to a treatment by means of a mixture of water and an organic solvent from the class of alcohols, ketones, carboxylic acids or carboxylic esters.

Abstract: In the art of pigmenting high molecular weight organic materials there is a long-felt need for high-hiding organic red pigments, in particular yellowish red pigments, which are increasingly used to replace the ecologically unsafe inorganic red pigments. However, this gap in the market cannot be satisfactorily filled by using the tetrachloroperylenetetracarboximide pigments known for the aforementioned purpose.According to the invention, it has now been found that a chlorine content of .ltoreq.25% in such chlorinated perylimides confers remarkable coloristic properties on the pigments thus produced, so that these pigments are superior in hiding powder and masstone to the tetrachloroperylimide compounds described. Accordingly, the invention is directed to high-hiding red pigments of the type of the halogenated perylenetetracarboximides containing up to 4 chlorine atoms, whose chlorine content is 15-25% and which are present as mixed crystal pigments in the .beta.

Abstract: Compositions adapted to be reacted with hydrogen peroxide to provide chemiluminescent light are disclosed wherein the fluorescer is a perylene derivative.

Abstract: Prepration of N,N'-dimethylperylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic diimide (DMP) ##STR1## in high-hiding pigment form by reacting perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic dianhydride with methylamine. The reaction is carried out at 40.degree. to 200.degree. C. and the excess methylamine is distilled off only after the perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic dianhydride used has been fully converted to the methylammonium salts of the corresponding N,N'-dimethyldicarbamoylperylenedicarboxylic acids. The temperature is held at 140.degree. to 200.degree. C. after, or after and during the formation of the DMP. The resultant highly crystalline crude pigment in aqueous suspension which has a mean particle size D.sub.50% (mass distribution) of 0.15 to 0.4 .mu.m and a mean length-to-width ratio q950% (mass distribution of the pigment particles of 10:1 to 3:1, is grounded in aqueous suspension until the mean particle size is 0.1 to 0.2 .mu.m and the mean length-to-width ratio of the pigment particles is less than 5:1.

Abstract: Perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid diimides of the formula I ##STR1## in which R is a linear or branched alkylene, alkylenecycloalkylene or cycloalkylenealkylene radical which has at least 15 C atoms and which is interrupted by one or two --COO--, --OOC--, --CONH-- and/or --NHCO-- groups, and Z is hydrogen, hydroxyl or a --COOH group.Perylene diimides of this type are excellently suitable for coloring polyolefins. In this regard, they are particularly distinguished by their low tendency to bloom. They are also very suitable for coloring engineering plastics, in which they produce fluorescent colorations having a high fluorescence and excellent fastness to heat, light and weathering.

Abstract: Heterocyclic compounds of the formula ##STR1## are used as pigments for surface coatings and for coloring and pigmenting high molecular weight organic material.

Abstract: Heterocyclic compounds of the formula ##STR1## with the substituent meanings given in the description, and derivatives thereof are suitable for dyeing and pigmenting the most diverse substrates.

Abstract: Positively charged electrophotographic toners contain, besides customary resin and pigment particles, an additive which increases the cationic charge and has the general formula(X.sup.1).sup.- K.spsp.+.sup.1 -Y.sup.1 -A-Y.sup.2 -K.spsp.+.sup.2 (X.sub.2).sup.- (I)wherein the symbols have the meaning mentioned in the description.

Abstract: Perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid diimides of the formula I ##STR1## in which R is a linar or branched alkylene, alkylenecycloalkylene or cycloalkylenealkylene radical which has at least 15 C atoms and which is interrupted by one or two --COO--, --OOC--, --CONH-- and/or --NHCO-- groups, and Z is hydrogen, hydroxyl or a --COOH group.Perylene diimides of this type are exellently suitable for coloring polyolefins. In this regard, they are particularly distinguished by their low tendency to bloom. They are also very suitable for coloring engineering plastics, in which they produce fluoroescent colorations having a high fluoroescence and excellent fatness to heat, light and weathering.

Abstract: A tetrachloroperylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid diimide pigment which contains not less than 85% by weight of the tetrachloro compound of the formula ##STR1## which is present to the extent of not less than 95% by weight in the .beta.-modification and which, in an X-ray spectrum, exhibits 2.sup..crclbar. CuK.sub..alpha. main lines at 9.0.degree., 13.3.degree., 15.0.degree., 16.8.degree., 19.1.degree., 21.5.degree., 24.2.degree., 25.4.degree., 26.5.degree., 27.0.degree. and 27.5.degree..In finishes, the pigment gives very brilliant colorations which are very highly lightfast and fast to weathering and which, upon weathering, neither bleach nor darken up.

Abstract: The novel compounds of the general formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are identical or different aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic or heterocyclic radicals which are free of groups which impart water solubility,X, Y and Z are each chlorine, bromine or a radical OR.sup.3 andR.sup.3 is unsubstituted or substituted phenyl, naphthyl or anthryl,are very useful as fluorescent dyes in organic material.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of compounds of the formula (1) ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 denotes a phenyl or naphthyl radical which can be substituted by alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, arylazo or nitro groups or halogen atoms, and R.sub.2 denotes a hydrogen atom or a phenyl or naphthyl radical which can be substituted by alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, arylazo or nitro groups or halogen atoms, or denotes an alkyl (C.sub.1 -C.sub.8) radical, by condensation, at between 100.degree. C. and 300.degree. C., of perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic dianhydride or a monoanhydride monoimide of the formula (2) ##STR2## in which R.sub.2 has the abovementioned meaning, with an arylamine of the formula (3)R.sub.1 --NH.sub.2 (3)in which R.sub.1 has the abovementioned meaning, in the presence of dialkylamines of the formula (4) ##STR3## in which R' and R" denote straight-chain alkyl .sub.C.sbsb.1.sub.- C.sbsb.6 or branched alkyl .sub.C.sbsb.3.sub.-C.sbsb.6 or cycloalkyl .sub.C.sbsb.5.sub.-C.sbsb.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid N,N'-dimethylimide in a high-hiding pigmentary form and a pure red shade, in which a finely divided, dry perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid, N,N'-dimethylimide prepigment which is prepared in a conventional manner and has a crystallite size of <400 .ANG. is treated with an organic solvent which is liquid in the treatment temperature range stated below and is selected from the series comprising saturated aliphatic brominated or chlorinated hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons and aromatic brominated or chlorinated hydrocarbons, in a mill or a disperser at temperatures from 0.degree. C. to 100.degree. C., the organic solvent is then distilled off and the perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid N,N'-dimethylimide pigment is isolated.

Abstract: Process for preparing perylenetetracarbimide mix-crystal pigments in the crystal lattice of the .alpha.-modification of the N,N'-bis-3',5'-dimethylphenylperylenetetracarbimide of the formula (1) comprising essentially symmetrical N,N'-bis-3',5'-dimethylphenylperylenetetracarbimide of the formula (1) and at least one asymmetrically substituted diimide of the formula (2) in which R stands for methyl or ethyl ##STR1## by condensing 1 mole of perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride with an excess of up to 30 moles of 3,5-dimethylaniline which contains in total 0.5-6 percent by weight of 4-ethoxyaniline, and their use for coloring organic polymers.

Abstract: Multi-active photoconductive insulating elements which are sensitive in the far red region of the spectrum are comprised of a charge-generation layer and a charge-transport layer in electrical contact therewith and contain, as the charge-generating agent within the charge-generation layer, the compound N,N'-bis[2-(3-methylphenyl)ethyl]perylene-3,4:9,10-bis(dicarboximide). The charge-generation layer is capable, upon exposure to activating radiation, of highly effective generation and injection of charge carriers and the charge-transport layer, which is comprised of an organic composition containing an organic photoconductive material, is capable of accepting and transporting the injected charge carriers to thereby form a highly advantageous multi-active photoconductive insulating element.

Abstract: Perylenetetracarbimide mix-crystal pigments in the crystal lattice of the .alpha.- Modification of N,N'-bis-3',5'-dimethylphenylperylenetetracarbimide of the formula (1) comprising 98-70 mole percent of the symmetrical diimide of the formula (1) and correspondingly 2-30 mole percent of at least one asymmetrical diimide of the formula (2) ##STR1## in which R denotes a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.

Abstract: A novel perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid diimide of the formula ##STR1## is very useful as a black dye or, together with white pigments, as a gray dye.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## in which R denotes hydrogen, hydroxyl, amino or optionally substituted alkyl, X denotes chlorine or bromine and n is a number from zero to 4, are obtained from the corresponding mono-alkali metal salts of perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid monoanhydrides by reaction with compounds of the formula R-NH.sub.2, in which R has the above meaning, at 0.degree.-130.degree. C. The compounds are colorants or starting materials for colorants.

Abstract: Light is concentrated in plastic sheets by a method in which the fluorescent centers used are perylenetetracarboxylic acid diimides of the formula ##STR1## The compounds (I) are prepared by chlorinating (I) in which n is 0 with sulfuryl chloride in an inert organic liquid in the presence of a catalyst. In the formula, n is 2, 3, 4 or 5 or 6, and R and R.sup.1 independently of one another are each (a) straight-chain or branched C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 -alkyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by cyano, hydroxyl, cycloalkyl, alkylcarbonyloxy, alkenylcarbonyl-oxy or cycloalkylcarbonyloxy and in which the alkyl chain may furthermore be interrupted by O or S, or (b) C.sub.5 -C.sub.18 -cycloalkyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by alkyl, carboalkoxy or trifluoromethyl.Novel perylenetetracarboxylic acid diimides of the formula I, where n is 4 and R and R.sup.

Abstract: Silane diimidic tetracarboxylic perylene dyes, the composite pigments obtainable therefrom by means of grafting onto an inorganic substrate, and the processes for preparing same.The dyes have the general formula: ##STR1## in which R is the residue of a silane group of formula: ##STR2## in which n is 3, 4 or 5; q is 0 or 1, p and m are such integers than when q is 0, p is 3 and m is 0, 1, 2 or 3, and when q is 1, p is 2 and m is 0, 1 or 2; R.sub.2 is an alkyl C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 or a phenyl; R.sub.3 is an alkoxyl C.sub.1 -C.sub.2 ; R.sub.1 may be the same as R or represent an alkyl C.sub.1 -C.sub.6, a cycloalkyl, a phenyl optionally substituted by one or more alkyl or alkoxyl groups C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 or a halogen.The dyes and the composite pigments obtained from said dyes are utilized in paints, air and stove enamels, in the pigmentation of plastic materials, and in printing inks.

Abstract: A dichromatic coloring matter for a colored liquid crystal display element comprising a compound of the general formula: ##STR1## where A and B each stand for ##STR2## where n is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4, and X and Y each stand for ##STR3## where R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 stand for an alkyl group or hydrogen, --R (alkyl group) or --OR (alkoxy group).

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## in which R denotes hydrogen, hydroxyl, amino or optionally substituted alkyl, X denotes chlorine or bromine and n is a number from zero to 4, are obtained from the corresponding mono-alkali metal salts of perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid monoanhydrides by reaction with compounds of the formula R--NH.sub.2, in which R has the above meaning, at 0.degree.-130.degree. C. The compounds are colorants or starting materials for colorants.

Abstract: There are described novel perylene dyes which have at least one, and preferably two, substituted twisted biphenylene radicals. The substituted biphenylene radicals include substituents which confer a non-coplanar molecular configuration about the long axis of the dye molecule. The dyes are soluble in various liquid crystal materials and exhibit a high order parameter in solutions of liquid crystal material. Also disclosed are liquid crystal compositions and liquid crystal devices.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein X denotes a chlorine or bromine atom, n denotes a number from zero to 4 and Y denotes an oxygen atom or a nitrogen atom, and A, if Y represents an oxygen atom, is the phenyl radical, which can be substituted by substituents from the group comprising halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy, carbalkoxy with 1-4 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical, hydroxyl, carboxyl, CF.sub.3, nitro, phenoxy, phenoxy which is substituted by C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy and/or halogen, phenylamino, phenylamino which is substituted in the phenyl radical by C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy and/or halogen, phenylazo and phenylazo which is substituted by C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -akloxy and/or halogen, or is the pyridyl radical, which can be substituted by halogen and/or C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: Preparation of 3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic acid diimide by fusing naphthalene-1,8-dicarboxylic acid imide with potassium hydroxide and sodium acetate to give the alkali metal salt of the leuko compound of 3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic acid diimide, diluting the melt with water when the reaction has ended and oxidizing the leuko form to give the 3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic acid diimide, by a procedure which comprises(a) applying a vacuum of less than 100 mm Hg before the naphthalene-1,8-dicarboxylic acid imide is introduced into the potassium hydroxide/sodium acetate melt, heating the potassium hydroxide/sodium acetate mixture to 200.degree.-300.degree. C. and dehydrating it such that the melt is still stirrable at 200.degree.-220.degree. C., and then introducing the naphthalene-1,8-dicarboxylic acid imide or its sodium or potassium salt into the melt at 200.degree.-220.degree. C. under normal pressure and heating the mixture at 250.degree.-300.degree. C.

Abstract: Perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid monoanhydride mono-sodium or mono-potassium salts are obtained from neutral salts of perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid, if necessary in the presence of at least one molar equivalent of sodium or potassium ions, at 20.degree. to 100.degree. C. by adding three molar equivalents of a sufficiently strong acid. The products are dye precursors, especially for asymmetric N-substituted perylenetetracarboxylic acid diimide pigments.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid N,N'-dialkyldiimides by reacting perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride with an alkylamine in aqueous suspension at a low temperature, in the course of which the bis-(alkylammonium) salt of perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid bis-N-alkylamide is formed. The latter is reacted with a metal salt to give the corresponding sparingly soluble metal salt, which is subjected to the cyclization reaction at an elevated temperature. The pigments prepared by the process according to the invention are distinguished by high purity and are suitable for pigmenting lacquers and plastic compositions.

Abstract: Light-collecting system, characterized in that it contains a dyestuff of the formula ##STR1## in which Hal designates identical or different halogen atoms from the series comprising fluorine, chlorine and bromine,R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 designate hydrogen or optionally substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 -alkyl and n designates 4-5,and new dyestuffs of the formula I which in a 0.5-2 mM solution in path lengths of 10 cm display an increase in transmission from 0 to >95% with a change in the wavelength of 25-120 nm.

Abstract: Dyes of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl or C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 -alkenyl, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 independently of one another are hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -alkyl or C.sub.2 -C.sub.5 -alkenyl, R.sup.4 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 -alkyl or hydroxy-C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, X.sup..crclbar. is one equivalent of an anion, mis from 0 to 5 and n is from 0 to 5, with 1.ltoreq.(m+n).ltoreq.5, and F is an (m+n)-valent radical of a monoazo dye, a disazo dye, a polyazo dye, a quinophthalone, a bis-dioxazine, a compound of the 5,6-arylo-2-pyrone series, a naphtholactam dye, a triphenylmethane dye, a xanthene dye, a phthalocyanine, an indigoid, an anthraquinone dye containing one or more phenyl or naphthyl groups, a more highly fused carbonyl-containing dye, a quinacridone, a perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid diimide, an anthrapyrimidine, a pyrazoloanthrone, a diaminonaphthoquinone, a naphthazarine or a naphthalene-1,4,5,8-tetracarboxylic acid diimide.

Abstract: A perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid diimide of the formula ##STR1## gives black colorations with excellent lightfastness and weathering fastness, in polyethylene, PVC, surface coatings, inks and aqueous dye formulations.

Abstract: Novel perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid diimides of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each isopropyl or R.sup.1 is methyl or ethyl and R.sup.2 is C.sub.3 - or C.sub.4 -alkyl, give clear, luminous, very lightfast, fluorescent orange colorations in plastics.The dyes are particularly suitable for concentrating light.

Abstract: Very pure, transparent pigments of high color strength, of the formula ##STR1## in which R is hydrogen or alkyl having 1 to 4 C atoms, X is chlorine and/or bromine and n is a number from 0 to 4 are obtained by converting the corresponding crude pigment to the sulfate, isolating the sulfate, liberating the pure product from the sulfate by hydrolysis, separating off the pure product and dry milling the anhydrous material, with or without additives and with or without subsequent solvent finishing. These pigments are suitable for coloring paints and plastic compositions, especially for pigmenting metallic paints.

Abstract: Perylenetetracarboxylic acid-bis-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)imide in a novel .gamma.-modification characterized by an X-ray diffraction spectrum exhibiting very strong lines at interplanar spacings of 8.3, 3.61, 3.46 and 3.30 A, and strong lines at interplanar spacings of 17.2, 10.3, 7.2, 6.7 and 4.09.The pigment is suitable for dyeing high-molecular organic material. Compared with the known yellowish-red modifications, the .gamma.-modification is characterized by a bluish-red shade.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of opaque perylenetetracarboxylic acid bis-(3,5-dimethylphenylimide), which comprises heating the .alpha.-modification of perylenetetracarboxylic acid bis-(3,5-dimethylphenylimide) in at least one aliphatic monocarboxylic acid. Use as a pigment for plastic compositions, printing inks, fibres and paints.