Abstract: A flame retardant sugar-derived molecule, a process for forming a flame retardant sugar-derived molecule, and an article of manufacture comprising a flame retardant sugar-derived molecule are disclosed. The flame retardant sugar-derived molecule can be synthesized from arabitol, xylitol, arabic acid, or xylonic acid obtained from a bio-based source, and can have at least one phosphoryl or phosphonyl moiety. The process for forming the flame retardant sugar-derived molecule can include reacting arabitol, xylitol, arabic acid, or xylonic acid and a flame retardant phosphorus-based molecule to form the flame retardant sugar-derived molecule.

Abstract: A flame-retardant compound, a process for forming a flame-retardant polymer, and an article of manufacture are disclosed. The flame-retardant compound includes at least one muconic acid moiety and at least one phosphorus-based moiety. The process for forming the flame-retardant polymer includes obtaining a muconic acid compound, obtaining a muconic acid compound, reacting the muconic acid compound with the phosphorus compound to form a flame-retardant compound, and incorporating the flame-retardant compound into a polymer. The article of manufacture comprises a material that contains a flame-retardant compound derived from muconic acid.

Abstract: An organic phosphorus-based compound which satisfies the following requirements (i) to (viii) and is represented by the following formula (1): (i) the organic purity should be not lower than 98%; (ii) the solubility in 20° C. water should be not higher than 0.1 g/100 g of water; (iii) the total halogen component content should be not higher than 1,000 ppm; (iv) the total volatile organic matter content should be not higher than 800 ppm; (v) the ? pH value should be not larger than 1.0; (vi) the volume standard median diameter should be not larger than 30 ?m; (vii) the maximum particle diameter should be not larger than 200 ?m; and (viii) the standard deviation represented by the following formula should be not larger than 20 ?m. Standard deviation=(d84%+d16%)/2; wherein d84%: particle diameter at a point where the cumulative curve becomes 84% (?m), and d16%: particle diameter at a point where the cumulative curve becomes 16% (?m).

Abstract: The present invention relates to processes for producing organophosporous compositions having low acid content as well as processes for reprocessing partially degraded organophosporous compositions that contain high levels of phosphorous acid. In one embodiment, a process comprises: (a) receiving a solid organophosphite compound that has been recrystallized or triturated, wherein the solid organophosphite compound comprises phosphorous acid; (b) dissolving the solid organophosphite compound in an organic solvent; (c) treating the solution with a weakly basic adsorbent; and (d) collecting the treated organophosphite solution, wherein the acid content of the organophosphite following step (d) is 30 ppm or less.

Abstract: The present invention relates to processes for producing organophosporous compositions having low acid content as well as processes for reprocessing partially degraded organophosporous compositions that contain high levels of phosphorous acid. In one embodiment, a process comprises: (a) receiving a solid organophosphite compound that has been recrystallized or triturated, wherein the solid organophosphite compound comprises phosphorous acid; (b) dissolving the solid organophosphite compound in a an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent in the absence of water and free amine, wherein the hydrocarbon solvent comprises an aromatic hydrocarbon, a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon, or a mixture thereof; and (c) removing undissolved phosphorous acid from the solution, wherein the acid content of the organophosphite following step (c) is 30 ppm or less.

Abstract: Universally usable process for reducing the chlorine content of organotetraphosphites.

Abstract: Bisphosphites having an unsymmetric central biaryl unit.

Abstract: Pipe articles and methods of forming the same are described herein. The methods generally include providing an ethylene based polymer; contacting the ethylene based polymer with a secondary stabilizer including a diphosphite to form a modified polyethylene; and forming the modified polyethylene into a pipe.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods for recovering diphosphite-containing compounds from mixtures comprising organic mononitriles and organic dinitriles, using liquid-liquid extraction. Also disclosed are treatments to enhance extractability of the diphosphite-containing compounds.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods for recovering diphosphite-containing compounds from mixtures comprising organic mononitriles and organic dinitriles, using liquid-liquid extraction. Also disclosed are pre-treatments to enhance extractability of the diphosphite-containing compounds.

Abstract: The subject matter of the present invention is a plurality of products and the use thereof as a catalytically active composition in a method for producing aldehydes.

Abstract: Residual wash solvent, e.g., ethyl acetate, is removed from polyphosphite, e.g., bisphosphite, crystals by a process comprising the steps of: A. Mixing the polyphosphite crystals and residual wash solvent with a secondary alcohol, e.g., isopropyl alcohol (IPA), to form a mixture of polyphosphite crystals, residual wash solvent and secondary alcohol, and B. Drying the mixture to remove the residual wash solvent and secondary alcohol to a content of less than 0.5 wt % based on the weight of the polyphosphite crystals.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a crystalline non-solvated form of 6,6?-[[3,3?,5,5?-tetrakis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-[1,1?-biphenyl]-2,2?-diyl]bis(oxy)]bis-dibenzo[d,f][1,3,2]-dioxaphosphepine (compound I) and toluene-solvates and acetone-solvates thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for thermal crosslinking of adhesives and also to products produced with these adhesives. An object of the invention is to provide a method for thermal crosslinking of adhesives where the crosslinking is covalent and (initiated by a chemical or physical stimulus) reversible. As and when required, the crosslinking method can also be configured to result in a covalent, irreversible network.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing 6,6?-[(3,3?-di-tert-butyl-5,5?-dimethoxy-1,1?-biphenyl-2,2?diyl)bis(oxy)]bis(dibenzo[d,f][1,3,2]dioxaphosphepine), abbreviated to biphephos (see formula 1), with low chlorine content

Abstract: A sterically hindered phenol and phosphite based compound represented by the following formula: and its use as an antioxidant in a wide range of materials including, but not limited to, food, plastics, elastomers, composites and petroleum based products is disclosed herein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a crystalline non-solvated form of 6,6?-[[3,3?,5,5?-tetrakis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-[1,1?-biphenyl]-2,2?-diyl]bis(oxy)]bis-dibenzo[d,f][1,3,2]-dioxaphosphepine (compound I) and toluene-solvates and acetone-solvates thereof.

Abstract: A sterically hindered phenol and phosphite based compound represented by the following formula: and its use as an antioxidant in a wide range of materials including, but not limited to, food, plastics, elastomers, composites and petroleum based products is disclosed herein.

Abstract: The invention relates to the synthesis of tetraphenol-substituted structures, in particular meta-substituted xylenes. Said tetraphenol-type structures are reacted to obtain organic phosphorus compounds, in particular organophosphites. The invention further relates to the production of catalytically active compositions which contain transition metals in addition to the aforementioned organic phosphorus compounds. According to another subject matter of the invention, said catalytically active compositions are used in chemical reactions with small molecules, e.g. HCN, CO, hydrogen, and amines.

Abstract: The invention pertains to an amorphous solid modification of bis(2,4-dicumylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite, to a process for preparing said modification and the use thereof for stabilizing organic materials against oxidative, thermal or light-induced degradation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a bisphosphite of the formula I where X=a divalent substituted or unsubstituted bisalkylene or bisarylene radical, Y=a divalent substituted or unsubstituted bisarylene or bisalkylene radical, Z=oxygen or NR9, and R1, R2, R3, R4 are identical or different, substituted or unsubstituted, linked, unlinked or fused aryl or heteroaryl radicals and R9 is hydrogen or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or aryl radical, a process for preparing it and also the use of this phosphite in catalysis in particular in the catalytic hydroformylation of olefins or organic compounds having C—C double bonds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing bisphosphites which contain dioxaphosphorinone units.

Abstract: A novel process for preparing in a high purity and in a high yield phosphorus compounds having a phosphate-phosphonate bond within one molecule, along with only a small amount of a by-product, without being restricted by the kind of a phosphonate having an alcoholic hydroxyl group which is a raw material, without using a catalyst such as magnesium chloride, but only using a nitrogen-containing basic compound.

Abstract: The invention relates to a bisphosphite of the formula I where X=a divalent substituted or unsubstituted bisalkylene or bisarylene radical, Y=a divalent substituted or unsubstituted bisarylene or bisalkylene radical, Z=oxygen or NR9, and R1, R2, R3, R4 are identical or different, substituted or unsubstituted, linked, unlinked or fused aryl or heteroaryl radicals and R9 is hydrogen or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or aryl radical, a process for preparing it and also the use of this phosphite in catalysis in particular in the catalytic hydroformylation of olefins or organic compounds having C—C double bonds.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for the production of pentaerythritol diphosphites of high spiro isomer content. The pentaerythritol diphosphites are produced via sequential transesterification of pentaerythritol with a monophosphite followed by a substituted phenol or other alcohol, wherein the transesterification reactions are carried out under controlled conditions of temperature and pressure. The unique reaction conditions result in intermediate and final pentaerythritol diphosphites of high spiro isomer content and high total yield of the diphosphites.

Abstract: A novel bis-chelating composition characterized by formula I: wherein M is a Group VB element; R1 and R2 are each independently selected from hydrogen and monovalent hydrocarbyl radicals; or R1 and R2 are bonded together to form a diradical; or one of R1 or R2 is hydrogen or a monovalent hydrocarbyl radical, while the other of R1 or R2 is a hydrocarbyl radical bonded to an atom in Ar; wherein Ar is selected from 1,2-arylenes; Q is selected from 1,2-arylenes, 2,2?-bisarylenes and alkyl diradicals; and W is selected from II, III, IV, or V: wherein M is as defined hereinbefore; each R is independently selected from hydrogen and monovalent hydrocarbyl radicals; X is selected from alkyl and aryl diradicals; Ar1 and Ar2 are each independently selected from 1,2-arylenes;Ar3 and Ar4 are each independently selected from monovalent aryl radicals; and n in formula IV is 0 or 1.

Abstract: Phosphinines of formula (I) can be combined with metal salts to prepare hydroformylation catalysts. The phosphinine complexes have two phosphorus centers that may be substituted with a variety of hetero atoms or alkyl substituents to modify the ligand characteristics of the phosphinine. Phosphinine metal complexes are employed under normal hydroformylation reaction conditions. The preparatory routes to the phosphinine ligands of formula (I) allow for their convenient synthesis.

Abstract: A novel organophosphorus composition and synthesis thereof, the composition being characterized by one phosphite moiety, one phosoxophite moiety, and a plurality of sterically bulky substituents. The novel composition finds utility as a ligand in Group VIII transition metal phosoxophite complex catalysts and complex catalyst precursors that are used in carbonylation processes, preferably, hydroformylation processes. Additionally, there is disclosed a novel method of preparing a phosphoromonochloridite composition that finds utility as a precursor to the novel phosoxophite composition.

Abstract: Phosphites of the formula I and phosphite-metal complexes, their preparation and their use in catalytic reactions, in particular in processes for the hydroformylation of olefins, are described.

Abstract: Phosphites of the formula I or II and their metal complexes, their preparation and the use of the phosphites as ligands in catalytic reactions, in particular in processes for the hydroformylation of olefins, are described.

Abstract: Compounds of Formula I, their preparation and synthetic intermediates, and their use in the synthesis of prodrugs: 1

Abstract: A novel antioxidant has the advantages of both the hindered phenols and the phosphite antioxidant is prepared from phosphorus trichloride and 2,5-di-tert-butylhydroquinone, such as tetrakis-(2,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,5-di-tert-butyl-hydroquinonediyl diphosphite.

Abstract: Processes for hydrocyanation of nonconjugated aliphatic monoolefins or monoolefins conjugated to an ester group utilizing a catalyst precursor composition comprising an unsymmetrical bidentate phosphite ligand and zero-valent nickel, preferably in the presence of a Lewis acid promoter, to produce a terminal organo-nitrile. Catalyst precursor compositions are also disclosed.

Abstract: A bisphosphite of the formula I wherein R1, R2, R3 and R4 are each hydrogen, an aliphatic, alicyclic, aliphatic-alicyclic, aromatic, aromatic—aromatic, aliphatic-aromatic hydrocarbon or heterocyclic or aliphatic-heterocyclic group having from 1 to 50 carbon atoms, F, Cl, Br, I, —CF3, —OR7, —COR7, —CO2R7, —CO2M, —SR7, —SO2R7, —SOR7, —SO3R7, —SO3M, —CO2NR7R8, NR7R8, N═CR7R8, NH2, where R1 to R4 are identical or different and may be covalently linked to one another; R7 and R8 are each hydrogen, a substituted or unsubstituted, aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to 25 carbon atoms, and may be identical or different; M is an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium or phosphonium ion; Q is a substituted or unsubstituted divalent aliphatic, alicyclic, aliphatic-alicyclic, aromatic, aliphatic-aromatic hydrocarbon, heterocyclic or aliphatic-heterocyclic radical having from 1 to 50 carbon atoms whe

Abstract: A non-xenoestrogenic phosphorus-containing stabilizer for organic materials is disclosed wherein the stabilizer is selected from the group consisting of phosphorus-containing compounds of the structures wherein y in an integer of from 6 to 20, and where Z is a linking group, m is 0 or 1, n is an integer of at least 2, the asterisks are independently selected terminal groups, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, and R8 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl groups, aralkyl groups, or halogen groups and Q is selected from the group consisting of where R11 is alkyl or aralkyl, and

Abstract: Disclosed are cyclic phosphate esters of fumarate—or maleic acids suitable for use as a comonomer, capable of being copolymerized with a monovinylidene aromatic compounds to impart flame resistant properties to the resultant copolymers.

Abstract: A process to produce organic phosphites from the group consisting of: wherein each R1 , R2, and R3 is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, iso-propyl, n-butyl, t-butyl, t-amyl, t-hexyl, cyclohexyl, cumyl, t-pentyl, and t-octyl; and wherein each R1, R2, and R3 is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, iso-propyl, n-butyl, t-butyl, t-amyl, t-hexyl, cyclohexyl, cumyl, t-pentyl, and t-octyl and each R4 and R5 is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, iso-propyl, n-butyl, t-butyl, t-amyl, t-hexyl, cyclohexyl, cumyl, t-pentyl, and t-octyl using a metal phenolate where each R1, R2, and R3 is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, iso-propyl, n-butyl, t-butyl, t-amyl, t-hexyl, cyclohexyl, cumyl, t-pentyl, and t-octyl, and Q is a metal cation having a valence x, i.e.

Abstract: Disclosed are cyclic phosphate esters of fumarate- or maleic acids suitable for use as a comonomer, capable of being copolymerized with a monovinylidene aromatic compounds to impart flame resistant properties to the resultant copolymers.

Abstract: A diphosphite is provided derived from phosphorous trihalide, tetra alkyl hindered bisphenol, and a neoalkyl diol. The phosphites exhibit improved stability and are useful as thermal oxidative stabilizers for thermoplastic compositions.

Abstract: Improved liquid phase process useful in the hydrocyanation of diolefinic compounds to produce nonconjugated acyclic nitriles and to the liquid phase process of isomerization of the nitrites to, among other things, 3- and/or 4-monoalkene linear nitriles. The improvement involves conducting the process in the presence of zero-valent nickel and a multidentate phosphite ligand. Novel multidentate phosphite ligands and catalyst precursor compositions made therefrom are also disclosed.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of organodiphosphites of the formula (ORO)P(OZO)P(ORO) wherein R and Z are different substituted or unsubstituted aryl groups.

Abstract: The hydrolysis stability of trivalent organic phosphorus compounds of the formula I ##STR1## used as stabilizers for thermoplastics is improved if these compounds are treated with 0.01 to 5% by weight of an oxide, a carbonate, a hydroxide, a bicarbonate or a carboxylate of a metal of groups 1a, 2a, 2b and 7b of the periodic table of the elements. The storage stability and the ease of handling are increased and the discoloration of the stabilized polymers is reduced.

Abstract: Compositions, comprising (i) a halogen-containing polymeric material, and(ii) at least one phosphite of formula I ##STR1## wherein n is a number from 1 to 6,R is a divalent linking group of formulae as defined herein as well as of novel compounds of formula I and their use as stabilisers.

Abstract: A process for producing organo-phosphites of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each 2,4-di-tert-butyl and R.sup.3 is hydrogen is provided. The process involves heating a mixture of a pentaerythritol bis-phosphorohalidite and a phenolic compound and applying a vacuum of at least about 10 inches of mercury wherein the temperature of the reaction mixture is maintained between about 30.degree. C. and about 140.degree. C. Conversions to the organic spiro bis-phosphite is at least twice that of the same process without a vacuum.

Abstract: A process for producing organo-phosphites of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each 2,4-di-tert-butyl and R.sup.3 is hydrogen is provided. The process involves heating a reaction mixture containing pentaerythritol wherein the pentaerythritol has an average particle size of about 250 microns or less, preferably the pentaerythritol has an average particle size of about 150 microns or less, phosphorous trihalide, a phenolic compound of the formula: ##STR2## wherein each R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 is t-butyl and R.sup.3 is hydrogen, a solvent selected from the group consisting of heptane, hexane, octane, xylene, toluene, and mixtures of the solvents containing at least one of the aforementioned and a catalyst. The process utilizing the aforementioned pentaerythritol particle size has the unexpected advantages of short reaction times as compared to the same process using a larger pentaerythritol particle size.

Abstract: Phosphites which are useful as a deterioration inhibitor for organic material and are represented by the following formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkylcycloalkyl group, an aralkyl group or a phenyl group;R.sup.3 represents hydrogen atom or an alkyl group;R.sup.4 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkylcycloalkyl group, an aralkyl group or a phenyl group, or the two R.sup.4 together form a direct bond, a group represented by --S-- or an optionally substituted methylene group;A represents an alkylene group;W represents a group represented by --O-- or a group represented by --NR.sup.7wherein R.sup.7 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, etc.;B represents an alkylene group;and one of Y and Z represents a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group or an aralkyloxy group, and the other one represents hydrogen atom or an alkyl group.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing the .alpha. crystal modification of 2,2',2"--nitrilo?triethyltris(3,3',5,5"--tetra--tert--butyl--1,1'--bipheny l--2,2'--diyl) phosphite! (abbreviated as NTTBP) of the formula ##STR1## which comprises dissolving the NTTBP in the form of its melt, its amorphous solid-phase modification or its .beta. crystal modification, hot, at 40 to 100.degree. C., in short-chain ketones having 3 to 7 carbon atoms, such as methyl ethyl ketone or, in particular, acetone, and then initiating crystallization by cooling to room temperature.

Abstract: A diphosphite is provided derived from phosphorous trihalide, tetra alkyl hindered bisphenol, and a neoalkyl diol. The phosphites exhibit improved stability and are useful as thermal oxidative stabilizers for thermoplastic compositions.

Abstract: This invention relates to compositions comprising a polyamide, polyester or polyketone, a specific organic phosphite (Irgafos.RTM.12, Ciba-Geigy) and a sterically hindered phenol such as Irganox.RTM.1098, Irganox.RTM.1076, Irganox.RTM.1010, Irganox.RTM.245, Irganox.RTM.259, Irganox.RTM.1035, Irganox.RTM.3114 or Irganox.RTM.3125 (Ciba-Geigy), to the use thereof for stabilising polyamide, polyester or polyketone against oxidative, thermal and/or light-induced degradation, as well as to a process for stabilising these plastic materials.

Abstract: A diphosphite is provided derived from phosphorous trihalide, tetra alkyl hindered bisphenol, and a neoalkyl diol. The phosphites exhibit improved stability and are useful as thermal oxidative stabilizers for thermoplastic compositions.