Abstract: Phosphorus-containing calixarenes of the general formula I ##STR1## and a process for their preparation are described. Additionally, a process for the preparation of aldehydes by the hydroformylation of C.sub.3 -C.sub.20 -olefins by means of rhodium or ruthenium carbonyl complexes, in which the phosphorus-containing calixarenes of the formula I are used as ligands, is described.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing an aldehyde compound by hydroformylation of an ethylenically unsaturated organic compound, using a catalyst system which includes a Group VIII metal and a novel bidentate phosphite ligand. The bidentate phosphite ligand has a chemical structure according to formula (1), ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.3 are respectively substituted or unsubstituted organic groups which may be the same or different, and wherein R.sup.2 is a substituted or unsubstituted tetravalent organic group.

Abstract: The new crystalline modification of 1,1',1"-nitrilo{triethyl-tris-[2,2'-methylene-bis(4,6-di-tert-butylphenyl) ]phosphite} is obtained by crystallizing said compound from the melt at elevated temperatures. This crystalline form is an effective process stabilizer for polyolefins, particularly polypropylene. The instant crystalline form exhibits better handling characteristics, apparent density, flowability, meterability, storage and hydrolytic stability than the prior art powdery product.

Abstract: A diphosphite is provided derived from phosphorous trihalide, tetra alkyl hindered bisphenol, and a neoalkyl diol. The phosphites exhibit improved stability and are useful as thermal oxidative stabilizers for thermoplastic compositions.

Abstract: A diphosphite is provided derived from phosphorous trihalide, tetra alkyl hindered bisphenol, and a neoalkyl diol. The phosphites exhibit improved stability and are useful as thermal oxidative stabilizers for thermoplastic compositions.

Abstract: An stabilized thermoplastic composition comprising a stabilizing amount of a phosphite of the formula: ##STR1## R.sub.1 is independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl groups having from 1 to 9 carbon atoms, Y is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, or alkyl; and the --O--X groups are positioned at the respective ortho- or para- positions with respect to the diphenyl linkage, the remaining ortho- and para- positions with respect to the --O--X linkage being occupied by R.sub.1 whereby the --0--X groups are hindered by the presence of at least one R.sub.1 group; R.sup.

Abstract: A diphosphite is provided derived from phosphorous trihalide, tetra alkyl hindered bisphenol, and a neoalkyl diol. The phosphites exhibit improved stability and are useful as thermal oxidative stabilizers for thermoplastic compositions.

Abstract: The alpha crystalline modification of 2,2',2"-nitrilo triethyl-tris-(3,3',5,5'-tetra-tert-butyl-1,1'-biphenyl-2, 2'-diyl)phosphite! is obtained by crystallizing said compound from selected solvents, preferably from a mixture of an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent and a lower alkanol.The alpha crystalline form is an effective process stabilizer for polyolefins, particularly polypropylene.

Abstract: The new amorphous modification of 1,1',1"-nitrilo{tri-2-propyl-tris-[2,2'-ethylidene-bis(4,6-di-tert-butylph enyl)]phosphite } is obtained by cooling rapidly said compound from the melt to ambient temperature.This amorphous form is an effective process stabilizer for polyolefins, particularly polypropylene.

Abstract: The new crystalline modification of 1,1',1"-nitrilo{tri-2-propyl-tris[2,2'-ethylidene-bis(4,6-di-tert-butylphe nyl)]phosphite} is obtained by crystallizing said compound from the melt at elevated temperatures.This crystalline form is an effective process stabilizer for polyolefins, particularly polypropylene.

Abstract: The beta crystalline form of 2,2',2"-nitrilo[triethyl-tris-(3,3',5,5'-tetra-tert-butyl-1,1'-biphenyl-2, 2'-diyl) phosphite] is obtained by the thermal treatment of the phosphite compound at 125.degree. C. in the absence of any solvent.The beta crystalline form is an effective process stabilizer for polyolefins, particularly polypropylene.

Abstract: Novel cyclic pyrophosphite of formula I ##STR1## are prepared from the corresponding 6-chloro and 6-oxo phosphepins or phosphocins. The cyclic pyrophosphites are effective process stabilizers for organic materials subject to thermal, oxidative or actinic induced degradation, particularly polyolefins and especially polypropylene.

Abstract: Neoalkyl phosphite provided which exhibit improved levels of stability. The phosphites are hindered and are useful in stabilizing thermoplastic compositions.

Abstract: A class of hydrolytically stable bis(aralkylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphites is disclosed, which is suitable as an antioxidant additives in polyolefins, particularly, in polypropylene. The diphosphites are of low volatility, have a high thermal decomposition temperature and resist yellowing when blended into a polyolefin base. A preferred diphosphite is bis(2,4-dicumylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite.

Abstract: Novel compounds of the formula I and formula II ##STR1## in which R and R.sub.1, independently of one another, are hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl or together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a 3,4-dehydrocyclohexylidene ring,R.sub.2 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl or C.sub.5 -C.sub.6 cycloalkyl,R.sub.3 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl or C.sub.5 -C.sub.6 cycloalkyl,R.sub.4, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6, independently of one another, are hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, when alkyl, R.sub.4, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 together containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms, andR.sub.7 and R.sub.8 are hydrogen or together an additional direct bond, are described for use as stabilizers for organic materials against thermal, oxidative or light-induced degradation.

Abstract: Carbohydrate substituted dibenzo[d,f][1,3,2]dioxaphosphepin compounds of formula I ##STR1## where A is a carbohydrate residue are effective stabilizers for polymers processed at elevated temperatures and subject to thermal or oxidative degradation.

Abstract: A method for producing a potassium paradiphenyl phosphino sulfonate ligand which comprises reacting potassium diphenyl phosphide with a lithium salt of para-chloro benzenesulfonic acid in the presence of tetrahydrofuran at elevated temperatures.

Abstract: A bis(pentaerythritol phosphate alcohol) alkylphosphonate compound, such as one comprising an alkyl group of from about one to four carbon atoms, preferably bis(pentaerythritol phosphate alcohol) methylphosphonate, is a flame retardant compound. Such a compound can be prepared by the transesterification of a diphenyl alkyl phosphonate carrying the desired alkyl group with pentaerythritol phosphate alcohol. An alternative process of preparation comprises the reaction of pentaerythritol phosphate alcohol, a trialkylamine, and an alkylphosphonic dihalide.

Abstract: The alpha crystalline modification of 2,2',2"-nitrilo[triethyl-tris-(3,3',5,5'-tetra-tert-butyl-1,1'-biphenyl-2, 2'-diyl) O"phosphite] is obtained by crystallizing said compound from selected solvents, preferably from a mixture of an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent and a lower alkanol.The alpha crystalline form is an effective process stabilizer for polyolefins, particularly polypropylene.

Abstract: The gamma crystalline modification of 2,2',2"-nitrilo[triethyl-tris-(3,3',5,5'-tetra-tert-butyl-1,1'-biphenyl-2, 2'-diyl)phosphite] is obtained by crystallizing or recrystallizing said compound from an alkanol of 4 to 8 carbon atoms.The gamma crystalline form is an effective process stabilizer for polyolefins, particularly polypropylene.

Abstract: New organic phosphites of a specific formula are used as stabilizers for polymers and other organic materials.

Abstract: The beta crystalline modification of 2,2',2"-nitrilo[triethyl-tris-(3,3',5,5'-tetra-tertbutyl-1,1'-biphenyl-2,2 '-diyl) phosphite] is obtained by crystallizing said compound from the melt at elevated temperatures.The beta crystalline form is an effective process stabilizer for polyolefins, particularly polypropylene.

Abstract: A method for producing a potassium para-diphenyl phosphino sulfonate ligand which comprises reacting potassium diphenyl phosphide with a lithium salt of para-chloro benzenesulfonic acid in the presence of tetrahydrofuran at elevated temperatures.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of aryl phosphonites of the formula V ##STR1## wherein the radicals and n are defined in the disclosure. The invention further relates to a plastic molding composition, in particular a polyolefin molding composition containing aryl phosphonites of the formula V.

Abstract: There are disclosed novel compounds of formula I ##STR1## wherein n is 0, 1 or 2, R and R.sub.1 are each independently of the other C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl or, when taken together, are a 2,3-dehydropentamethylene radical,R.sub.2 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl or C.sub.5 -C.sub.6 cycloalkyl, andR.sub.3 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl or C.sub.5 -C.sub.6 cycloalkyl, R.sub.4, R.sub.5, R.sub.6 and R.sub.7, if n=1, are each independently of one another hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, or, if n=0 and if n=2, are hydrogen,as stabilisers for protecting organic materials against thermal, oxidative or light-induced degradation.

Abstract: The amorphous solid modification of 2,2',2"-nitrilo[triethyl-tris-(3,3',5,5'-tetra-tert-butyl-1,1'-biphenyl-2, 2'-diyl)phosphite] is obtained by melting said compound and rapidly cooling the melt.The amorphous solid is an effective process stabilizer for polyolefins, particularly polypropylene.

Abstract: 3,7,9-Trioxa-1-aza-2,8-diphosphaspiro[4.5]decanes of formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, bicycloalkyl, tricycloalkyl or aryl; or can be halogen when n or m is zero,R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 are independently hydrogen, alkyl, aralkyl or aryl;X and Y are independently --O--, --S-- or --NR.sub.16 -- where R.sub.16 is alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, aryl or aralkyl;W and Z are independently O or S; andn, m, o and p are independently zero or 1, are effective in stabilizing organic materials against the deleterious effects of oxygen, heat and/or actinic radiation.

Abstract: New organic phosphites of the formula ##STR1## are used as stabilizers for polymers and other organic materials. The definition of groups R, R', and R.sub.1 may be found in the disclosure.

Abstract: Hydrolytically stable phosphite compositions for melt flow and color stabilization of thermoplastics may be prepared from crude tetrahydroabietyl alcohol. The phosphites may be prepared by reacting said alcohol with an organophosphite, such as by transesterification. Other synthesis techniques may also be used.

Abstract: The present invention provides an improved process for making diphosphaspiroundecanes and product-by-process, wherein the process comprises reacting a hydroxyl-substituted organic compound, phosphorous trichloride and pentaerythritol to form an organic-substituted diphosphaspiroundecane such that formation of said organic-substituted diphosphaspiroundecane takes place in the presence of a tri-n-alkylamine having n-alkyl moieties such that each n-alkyl moiety has at least three carbon atoms. The present invention is also directed to bis-3,9-(2,6-di-t-alkyl-4-alkylphenoxy)-2,4,8,10-tetroxa-3,9-diphosphaspri o[5.5]undecanes and polymer compositions containing an effective amount of same.

Abstract: Bis(alkylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite is produced by forming a reaction mass from phosphorous trichloride, pentaerythritol, a chlorinated hydrocarbon solvent and a heterocyclic tertiary amine catalyst followed by the addition of an alkylphenol to the reaction mass. The process further features the use of mild conditions.

Abstract: 3,7,9-Trioxa-1-aza-2,8-diphosphaspiro[4.5]decanes of formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, bicycloalkyl, tricycloalkyl or aryl; or can be halogen when n or m is zero,R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 are independently hydrogen, alkyl, aralkyl or aryl;X and Y are independently --O-- --S--, or --NR.sub.16 -- where R.sub.16 is alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, aryl or aralkyl;W and Z are independently O or S; andn, m, o and p are independently zero or 1, are effective in stabilizing organic materials against the deleterious effects of oxygen, heat and/or actinic radiation.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel ionic phosphites and the use thereof as ligands in homogenous transition metal catalyzed processes, especially hydroformylation.

Abstract: A composition is provided which comprises a 3,9-bis (2,4,6-tri-t-alkylphenoxy)-2,4,8,10-tetroxa-3,9-diphosphaspiro[5.5]undecan e, and polymer compositions are provided which include a polymer and an effective amount of one or more 3,9-bis(2,4,6-tri-t-alkylphenoxy)-2,4,8,10-tetroxa-3,9-diphosphaspiro[5.5] undecane.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel bis-cyclic phosphite compounds having the formula ##STR1## wherein each R.sup.1 is independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, aralkyl, aryl, carboxy, alkoxycarbonyl or halogen;each R.sup.2 is independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, aralkyl, alkoxy, aryl, carboxyl, alkoxycarbonyl or halogen;each R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 is alkyl; andA is 1,3- or 1,4-phenylene.Also disclosed are synthetic polymeric materials stabilized with one or more of the above compounds.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel cyclic phosphite compounds having the formula ##STR1## wherein each R.sup.1 is independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, aralkyl, aryl, carboxy, alkoxycarbonyl or halogen;each R.sup.2 is independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, aralkyl, alkoxy, aryl, carboxy, alkoxycarbonyl or halogen;R.sup.3 is (a) hydrogen, alkyl, cyclohexyl or aryl when n is 1; (b) alkylene, cyclohexylene, cyclohexylenedialkylene, arylene or a divalent group having the formula ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are defined above and A.sup.2 is 1,3- or 1,4-phenylene when n is 2; (c) alkanetriyl when n is 3; or alkanetetrayl when n is 4;n is 1, 2, 3 or 4; andA.sup.1 is 1,3-phenylene.Also disclosed are synthetic polymeric materials stabilized with one of the above compounds and phosphite chloride compounds from which the above compounds are prepared.

Abstract: Bis(2,6-di tert butyl-4-branched propyl or butyl phenyl)-pentaerythritol spiro phosphites are provided having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is a branched propyl or butyl group, such as isopropyl, iso-butyl, or sec-butyl, as well as synthetic resin compositions having enhanced resistance to deterioration upon exposure to the heat and light comprising such as bis(2,6-di-t-butyl-4-branched propyl or butyl phenyl)pentaerythritol spiro phosphites.

Abstract: Transition metal-bis-phosphite catalyzed carbonylation processes, especially hydroformylation, as well as transition metal-bis-phosphite compositions, bis-phosphite ligands and transition metal-bis-phosphite catalysts.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula I ##STR1## in which n is 1, 2 or 3, R.sup.1 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -alkyl, cyclohexyl or .alpha.-methylcyclohexyl and, if n is 1, X is a group of the formula II or III ##STR2## in which R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 independently of one another are C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkyl or cyclohexyl, Y is a direct bond, --S--, >S.dbd.O or a radical --CR.sup.4 R.sup.5 -- in which R.sup.4 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkyl, C.sub.5 -C.sub.8 -cycloalkyl, phenyl or benzyl and R.sup.5 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkyl, and Z is 1,2-alkylene or 1,3-alkylene having not more than 15 carbon atoms or o-phenylene, and, if n is 2, X is a group of the formula IV or V ##STR3## in which R.sup.6 is methyl or ethyl, and, if n is 3, X is a phosphorus atom, are suitable for stabilizing organic material against light-induced and/or thermo-oxidative degradation.

Abstract: A process for preparing diaryl pentaerythritol diphosphites by reaction of phosphorous trichloride, pentaerythritol and an alkyl phenol having the formula ##STR1## wherein: R.sub.1 is selected from the group consisting of tertiary alkyl having from about four to about eight carbon atoms and cyclohexyl; andR.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are each selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl having from one to about eight carbon atoms;in the presence of a catalyst selected from the group consisting of amines; quaternary ammonium salts; amides of carboxylic acids; amides of oxygen acids of phosphorus; ureas; thioureas; and quaternary phosphonium salts.

Abstract: New organic compounds containing a phosphorus heterocycle of the phosphonite type, in which the phosphorus atom is connected on the one hand to an oxygen atom and on the other hand to an oxygen, sulphur or nitrogen atom, characterized by comprising two of such heterocycles, the two phosphorus atoms being connected by a hydrocarbon group. Preparation of these diphosphonites by the action of a tetrahalogeno- or tetraminodiphosphine upon a diol or an alcohol carrying a phenol, thiol, enol, acid or amine function.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of pentaerythritol esters of phosphorous acid derivatives by reacting pentaerythritol with a phosphorous trihalide and a phenol in the presence of a quaternary salt or a polyether.The use of such catalysts is not only able to improve the yield, but also makes it possible for the entire process to be carried out in one step by adding the phenol at the start of the reaction of pentaerythritol with the phosphorous halide.

Abstract: Pentaerythritol diphosphites corresponding to the formula ##STR1## being useful for stabilizing organic materials against thermal, oxidative and actinic degradation and a process for the preparation thereof.

Abstract: Alkylidene bisphenol phosphites and phosphates having 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl piperidinyl groups are provided having the formula: ##STR1## wherein: R.sub.1 is alkyl having from one to about twelve carbon atoms;R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are each selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl having from one to about twelve carbon atoms;m is 0 or 1;n is 0 or 1;X is selected from the group consisting of ##STR2## wherein: R.sub.5 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, oxyl O.sup.2, alkyl having from one to about twelve carbon atoms; arylalkyl having from seven to about eighteen carbon atoms; 2,3-epoxypropyl, acyl having from one to about eight carbon atoms and ##STR3## in which R.sub.6 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl having from one to about twelve carbon atoms and phenyl, and Y.sub.1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen; acyl having from one to about twelve carbon atoms; and ##STR4## Z.sub.1 is selected from the group consisting of ##STR5## wherein R.

Abstract: Cyclic bis and tris phosphites are provided having the formula: ##STR1## wherein: A is selected from the group consisting of sulfur; oxygen; alkylidene having from one to about six carbon atoms; cycloalkylidene having from three to about eight carbon atoms; and phenyl and alkyl phenyl alkylidene having from seven to about fourteen carbon atoms;R is selected from the group consisting of alkyl having from one to about eighteen carbon atoms; cycloalkyl having from three to about eight carbon atoms; and phenalkylidene and alkyl phenalkylidene having from seven to about twelve carbon atoms;R.sub.1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen; alkyl having from one to about eighteen carbon atoms; cycloalkyl having from three to about eight carbon atoms; and phenalkylidene and alkyl phenalkylidene having from seven to about twelve carbon atoms;n is 2 or 3;R.sub.2 is ##STR2## wherein: m=0 when n is 2; and 1 when n is 3;R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5, R.sub.

Abstract: An improved transesterification process for preparing bis-(2,4-dialkylphenyl) pentaerythritol phosphates using n-alkanes or cycloalkanes as solvents to provide high spiro/cage isomer ratios.