Abstract: Processes for producing carbamates comprise contacting a first reactant selected from primary amine components, secondary amine components, urea components and mixtures thereof; carbon monoxide; at least one organic hydroxyl component and at least one oxygen-containing oxidizing agent in the presence of a catalyst composition comprising at least one metal macrocyclic complex, preferably in the further presence of a halogen component.

Abstract: A process for preparing isocyanates comprising (a) contacting carbon dioxide and a primary amine in the presence of an aprotic organic solvent and an organic, nitrogenous base to produce the corresponding ammonium carbamate salt, and (b) reacting the ammonium carbamate salt with an electrophilic or oxophilic dehydrating agent to produce the corresponding isocyanate. A second embodiment comprises recovering the ammonium carbamate salt of step (a) prior to reacting the ammonium carbamate salt with an electrophilic or oxophilic dehydrating agent in the presence of an aprotic organic solvent and an organic, nitrogenous base.

Abstract: Alkylthioalkylamine carbamic acid derivatives are prepared which correspond to the formula: ##STR1## wherein R and R.sub.1 are both independently alkyl groups containing from 6 to 16 carbon atoms, and m and n are both independently integers of from 2 to 3. Compositions containing these compounds inhibit the growth of organisms such as bacteria, yeast, fungi, mold, algae, mollusks, hydroids, or tunicates on surfaces.

Abstract: Alkylthioalkylamine carbamic acid derivatives are prepared which correspond to the formula: ##STR1## wherein R and R.sub.1 are both independently alkyl groups containing from 6 to 16 carbon atoms, and m and n are both independently integers of from 2 or 3. Compositions containing these compounds inhibit the growth of organisms such as bacteria, yeast, fungi, mold, algae, mollusks, hydroids, or tunicates on surfaces.

Abstract: This invention relates to p-acylaminophenoxycarbamates having the formula ##STR1## where R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each independently hydrogen, loweralkyl, aryl and arylloweralkyl; R.sub.3 is hydrogen, loweralkyl, aryllowerallkyl; R.sub.4 is hydrogen, loweralkyl, formyl, alkylcarbonyl, arylloweralkyl, phenylcarbonyl, arylloweralkylcarbonyl, substituted phenylcarbonyl, pyridylcarbonyl, and substituted pyridylcarbonyl with the proviso that if R.sub.4 contains a carbonyl group directly attached to the oxygen of the N-O moiety, R.sub.3 cannot by hydrogen; or R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 taken together form a heterocyclic ring selected from the group consisting of imidazole or loweralkylimidazole; X is hydrogen, halogen, hydroxy, loweralkyl, loweralkoxy, nitro, amino or trifluoromethyl; and p is an integer selected from 0 and 1; the pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts thereof, and where applicable, the geometric and stereoisomers and racemic mixtures thereof.

Abstract: This invention relates to a composition prepared by reacting, in the presence of a redox initiator and a mineral acid,(a) at least one hydroxyl-containing imide, amide or mixtures thereof of a hydrocarbyl substituted carboxylic acid or anhydride having a hydrocarbyl group containing from about 8 to about 150 carbon atoms and a hydroxy amine; with(b) at least one sulfo compound represented by the following formula: ##STR1## wherein each R.sub.1 is independently hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl group; a is zero or one;Q is a hydrocarbylene group or --C(X)N(R.sub.2)Q'--;R.sub.2 is hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl group;X is sulfur or oxygen;Q' is a hydrocarbylene group; andZ is --S(O)OH, or --S(O).sub.2 OH or an ester, a metal salt or an ammonium salt of the sulfo compound.The invention also relates to polymer fabrics treated with the compositions of the present invention. The treated polymer fabrics have improved wicking/wetting characteristics.

Abstract: It has been found that the substituted .alpha.,.omega.-amino-alcohol derivatives, some of which are known, of the formula I ##STR1## in which X represents hydrogen, COR.sup.11, COOR.sup.12 or R.sup.13,R.sup.1 represents optionally substituted alkyl, alkenyl or alkinyl radicalsR.sup.2, R.sup.11, R.sup.12 and R.sup.13 are identical or different and represent optionally substituted alkyl or alkenyl radicals,R.sup.3 to R.sup.10 are identical or different and represent hydrogen, or represent optionally substituted alkyl radicals,and whereinR.sup.2 and R.sup.3 or R.sup.3 and R.sup.7 or R.sup.3 and R.sup.5 or R.sup.5 and R.sup.7, together with the atoms to which they are bonded, can also form an optionally substituted monocyclic ring, andn and m are identical or different and denote 0 or 1,with the proviso that X does not represent hydrogen or R.sup.13 if n and m represent 0,have a powerful insect- and mite-repelling action (repellent action).

Abstract: Hydroxylated primary amines corresponding to the formula:R--X--CH.sub.2 --CH(OH)--CH.sub.2 NH.sub.2 (I)in which R is a saturated or unsaturated straight chain C.sub.5 -C.sub.18 aliphatic radical and X represents --O--, --S--, --NH-- or --CH.sub.2 -- are prepared by reacting an epoxide of the formula: ##STR1## in which R and X are as defined previously and R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 together represent an epoxy radical with ammonium carbamate to form the corresponding substituted ammonium carbamate of the formula: ##STR2## in which R and X are as defined previously and thereafter heating the substituted ammonium carbamate thus formed at a temperature and for a length of time sufficient to form the corresponding hydroxylated primary amine of formula (I).The hydroxylated primary amines of formula (I) and the salts of these compounds, particularly the hydrohalide, acetate and quaternary alkyl ammonium salts thereof are useful as medicaments, anticeptics, sterilizing agents and preservatives.

Abstract: Compounds having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is --NH(C.dbd.O)OR.sup.5, --NH(C.dbd.NH)NH.sub.2 or --NH(C.dbd.N--NO.sub.2)HN.sub.2 ; R.sup.2 is hydrogen, C.sub.1-8 alkyl or C.sub.6-8 aryl; n is 2 to 6; and R.sup.5 is hydrogen,C.sub.1-8 alkyl, C.sub.6-8 aryl, or C.sub.7-8 alkaryl; are disclosed in addition to methods to employ such compounds to induce migration of endothelial cells into denuded areas of vessel lining and to treat malignant hypercalcemia.

Abstract: It has been found that the substituted .alpha.,.omega.-amino-alcohol derivatives, some of which are known, of the formula I ##STR1## in which X represents hydrogen, COR.sup.11, COOR.sup.12 or R.sup.13,R.sup.1 represents optionally substituted alkyl, alkenyl or alkinyl radicalsR.sup.2, R.sup.11, R.sup.12 and R.sup.13 are identical or different and represent optionally substituted alkyl or alkenyl radicals,R.sup.3 to R.sup.10 are identical or different and represent hydrogen, or represent optionally substituted alkyl radicals,and whereinR.sup.2 and R.sup.3 or R.sup.3 and R.sup.7 or R.sup.3 and R.sup.5 or R.sup.5 and R.sup.7, together with the atoms to which they are bonded, can also form an optionally substituted monocyclic ring, andn and m are identical or different and denote 0 or 1,with the proviso that X does not represent hydrogen or R.sup.13 if n and m represent 0,have a powerful insect- and mite-repelling action (repellent action).

Abstract: This invention relates to acetylenic esters that are useful in the treatment of fungal diseases and hypercholesterolemic conditions.

Abstract: A method of treating organic farm materials such as hays, grains, and silages confines same to a predetermined enclosure. A solid chemical mixture is introduced into the enclosure. The solid chemical mixture is a urea reactor product including ammonium carbamate, ammonia, urea, and water. Heat is applied to the mixture to thereby release sufficient gaseous ammonia to the organic farm material to prevent spoilage, reduce toxin levels, and improve fermentation of the organic farm material. The solid chemical mixture disposed amidst the organic farm material can be provided in a corrosion resistant drum having holes through the top thereof and having an electric resistance heater disposed in the bottom thereof or underneath same. A thermostatic control can control the temperature generated by the heater.

Abstract: Compounds corresponding to the formula: ##STR1## in which R is a saturated or unsaturated straight chain C.sub.5 -C.sub.18 aliphatic radical and X represents --O--, --S--, --NH-- or --CH.sub.2 -- are provided by reacting compounds corresponding to the formula: ##STR2## in which R and X are as defined above and R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 together represent an epoxy radical with ammonium carbamate.These compounds may be used as intermediates in the preparation of the hydrohalide salts, particularly the hydrochloride and hydrobromide salts, and acetates of hydroxylated primary amines corresponding to the formula:R--X--CH.sub.2 --CH(OH)--CH.sub.2 NH.sub.2 (III)in which R and X are as defined above which are useful as medicaments, antiseptics, sterilizing agents and preservatives.

Abstract: Alkyl esters of 2-fluoro-1-methoxyethylcarbamic acid, which are useful intermediates in the preparation of compounds, such as 4-amino-5- fluoropentanoic acid, are prepared by the electrochemical anodic oxidation of esters of 2-fluoroethylcarbamic acid in the presence of methanol and an electrolyte.

Abstract: 2-(Allenyl)penicillins antibiotics and intermediates thereto are disclosed. A process for making the 2-(allenyl)penicillins and the starting materials for the process are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for racemizing an optically active amino acid, which comprises heating the optically active amino acid in an aqueous solution under an alkaline condition in the presence of an alkali metal salt.

Abstract: A deicing material which is not corrosive to reinforcing steel or aluminum in overpasses and bridges consists essentially of ammonium carbamate and may be combined with urea production by-products or certain alkalis.

Abstract: Substituted 3-hydrazinopropionates comprising compounds of the general fola: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 =H, an alkyl, a substituted alkyl, hydroxycarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, an aryl, an aralkyl, an unsaturated alkyl, a substituted aryl or a substituted aralkyl: ##STR2## wherein R.sup.7, R.sup.8 =H, an alkyl, an unsaturated alkyl, an aralkyl, an aryl, a substituted alkyl,R.sup.9 =OH, an alkoxy, an aralkoxy, an alkyl, an unsaturated alkyl, an aryl, a substituted aryl, an aralkyl;R.sup.4 is --C.tbd.N, --COR.sup.10, wherein R.sup.10 =OR.sup.11, NR.sup.12 R.sup.13, where R.sup.11 is H, an alkyl, an aralkyl and an alkali metal, R.sup.11 and R.sup.12 are each H, an alkyl, an aralkyl, an aryl;R.sup.5, R.sup.6 = an alkyl, an aryl, an aralkyl.

Abstract: A process for preparing insecticidal N-acyl-tetrahydro-2-nitromethylene-2H-1,3-thiazines, intermediates involved therein and certain of the products.

Abstract: In the preparation of ammonium carbamate by reacting ammonia with carbon dioxide, the reactants are introduced into a layer of ammonium carbamate which is kept in the fluidized state by gaseous ammonia or carbon dioxide. The temperature is kept below 25.degree. C. by removing the heat of reaction.

Abstract: A process for preparing phosphonomethylated amino acids comprising phosphonomethylating an N-carbamylated amino acid derivative with formaldehyde and a phosphorus source to obtain a phosphonomethylated N-carbamylated amino acid derivative which is then hydrolyzed to the corresponding phosphonomethylated amino acid, e.g. glyphosate, or acid derivative.

Abstract: An improved process for the preparation of urea from carbon dioxide and excess ammonia at elevated temperature and pressure. The urea solution from the urea synthesis zone is heated and stripped at an elevated pressure to decompose a portion of the ammonium carbamate contained therein and the ammonium and carbon dioxide containing off-gas produced is condensed in a first condensation zone. The stripped urea solution is heated at a reduced pressure in a decomposition zone to decompose a further portion of ammonium carbamate, and the ammonia and carbon dioxide containing off-gas thereby produced is condensed in a second condensation zone to form an aqueous ammonium carbamate solution.

Abstract: A process for preparing phosphonomethylated amino acids comprising protecting a primary amino acid ester or salt with a carbon dioxide protecting group, phosphonomethylating the protected amino compound formed, and removing the carbon dioxide protecting group by acidification.

Abstract: This invention provides a dispensing assembly which is adapted to deliver two separate instantaneously coreactive liquid streams into an external contacting zone. The two reactants do not make contact within the body of the dispensing assembly, which prevents solid product formation and clogging within the dispensing assembly nozzles.The dispensing assembly is suitable for the coreaction of liquid carbon dioxide and liquid ammonia to produce free-flowing ammonium carbamate powder having a purity of substantially 100 percent.

Abstract: Disclosed are the magnesium salts of N-carboxyamino acids, a process for their preparation, and their use of lubricating oil additives.

Abstract: A guanidine phosphate composition containing both monoquanidine phosphate and diguanidine phosphate and characterized by a weight loss of less than 1% when heated for one hour at 220.degree. C. is prepared by mixing together about equimolar quantities of phosphoric acid and cyanoguanidine and heating this reaction mixture with agitation in the presence of a surfactant to a temperature in the range of 200.degree. C. to 240.degree. C. Agitation is continued for two hours at 200.degree. C. or until foaming stops (about one hour at 240.degree. C.). The guanidine phosphate composition so obtained may be applied to cellulosic materials to render them fire retardant.

Abstract: Tertiary amines such as alkyl or benzyl amines are catalytically oxidized by oxygen over an activated carbon catalyst to selectively produce secondary amines.

Abstract: A process for the production of isocyanates by the addition of carbon monoxide to a metal or aryl carbamate.

Abstract: The isomers of synthetic insect sex pheromones or their precursors are separated by selectively forming an inclusion complex with the E-isomer and urea or thiourea. In order for the E-isomer complex to form selectively it is necessry that the mono-olefin which forms the complex have a primary, linear chain of at least 7 atoms, a molecular diameter of 2.8-6A, and a polar functional group having transverse dimensions of less than 6A. Branching between the olefinic bond and the polar functional group is limited to methyl groups.