Abstract: The present invention provides a purified metal complex having oxalic acid as a ligand and a method for industrially producing a purified non-aqueous solvent solution of the metal complex at low cost. In the method of the present invention, oxalic acid contained in a non-aqueous solvent solution of a metal complex having oxalic acid as a ligand is decomposed by a reaction with a thionyl halide in a non-aqueous solvent, and the decomposition product of the reaction and the unreacted thionyl halide are removed by deaeration.

Abstract: Methods and kits for GPP-targeting, e.g., for the treatment of oncogenic Kras-associated cancers, and methods for determining the efficacy of those methods are provided.

Abstract: A substance includes diamond particles having a maximum linear dimension of less than about 1 ?m and an organic compound attached to surfaces of the diamond particles. The organic compound may include a surfactant or a polymer. A method of forming a substance includes exposing diamond particles to an organic compound, and exposing the diamond particles in the presence of the organic compound to ultrasonic energy. The diamond particles may have a maximum linear dimension of less than about 1 ?m. A composition includes a liquid, a plurality of diamond nanoparticles dispersed within the liquid, and an organic compound attached to surfaces of the diamond nanoparticles. A method includes mixing a plurality of diamond particles with a solution comprising a liquid solvent and an organic compound, and exposing the mixture including the plurality of diamond nanoparticles and the solution to ultrasonic energy.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions useful in treating hyperpigmentation and the various signs of dermatological aging in human skin. The present invention also relates to cosmetic compositions and methods of using such compositions that improve the aesthetic appearance of skin. Further, the present invention relates to methods of applying the compositions to the skin to effect treatment and to improve the aesthetic appearance of skin, particularly, by providing anti-aging benefits to the skin.

Abstract: The uninterrupted production of an ion beam with self-cleaning of a discharge chamber and extractor system, including extraction aperture(s), of an ion implantation device. The method increases the time of continuous operation of the ion implantation device, and therefore, increases total implantation time without reducing intensity. As a result, the time integrated output of the ion implantation device is increased. The method includes feeding a working molecule comprising at least two boron atoms and a strong oxidizer into an ion implantation device and removing gaseous compounds from the ion implantation device, wherein said working molecule provides upon fragmentation a polyatomic boron-containing ion, and the strong oxidizer which reacts with solid products of decomposition of the working molecule to form said gaseous compounds. A working molecule including at least two boron atoms and at least one strong oxidizer is also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to an aqueous solution for the formation of a passivation layer on a zinc layer or zinc-alloy layer. More particularly, the invention relates to the formation of a black passivation layer on a zinc layer or zinc-alloy layer, which passivation layer is substantially free of hexavalent chromium. Furthermore, the present invention relates to method for the formation of a passivation layer on a zinc layer or zinc-alloy layer, as well as a passivation layer on a zinc layer or zinc-alloy layer itself. The solution used contains trivalent chromium ions, nitrate ions, an organic acid and a dithioglycolate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to silica-containing rubber mixture produced from at least one rubber, from a sulphur-containing alkoxysilane, from a crosslinking agent, from a filler, and optionally from further rubber auxiliaries, where the said mixture comprises from 0.

Abstract: The present invention provides an ionic compound containing a cyanoborate; a process for production thereof; and an electrolytic solution and a device, each utilizing the ionic compound. The electrolytic solution of the present invention comprises an ionic compound represented by general formula (1) and a solvent. Further, a production process of the present invention comprises reacting a compound represented by general formula (8) with a substitution reaction reagent to obtain a compound represented by general formula (1).

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds as novel thymidylate synthase inhibitors, novel strategies to treat or prevent neoplasia in a subject, methods and compositions thereof.

Abstract: Provided are novel symmetrical and asymmetrical bifunctional photodecomposable bases (PDBs) with dicarboxylate anion groups that show increased imaging performance. Also provided are photoresist compositions prepared with the bifunctional dicarboxylated PDBs and lithography methods that use the photoresist compositions of the present invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions useful in treating the various signs of dermatological aging in human skin. The present invention also relates to cosmetic compositions and methods of using such compositions that improve the aesthetic appearance of skin. Further, the present invention relates to methods of applying the compositions to the skin to effect treatment and to improve the aesthetic appearance of skin, particularly, by providing anti-aging benefits to the skin. Suitable anti-aging agents include 3,3?-thiodipropionic acid and/or its derivatives.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a probe compound that can comprise any substrate or metabolite of an enzymatic reaction in addition to an indicator component, such as, for example, a fluorescence dye, or the like. Moreover, the present invention relates to means for detecting enzymes in form of an array, which comprises any number of probe compounds of the invention which each comprise a different metabolite of interconnected metabolites representing the central pathways in all forms of life. Moreover, the present invention relates to a method for detecting enzymes involving the application of cell extracts or the like to the array of the invention which leads to reproducible enzymatic reactions with the substrates. These specific enzymatic reactions trigger the indicator (e.g. a fluorescence signal) and bind the enzymes to the respective cognate substrates. Moreover, the invention relates to means for isolating enzymes in form of nanoparticles coated with the probe compound of the invention.

Abstract: A method for the manufacture of dialkyl phosphites is disclosed wherein a P—O component containing from 1 to 6 P—O—P bonds in the molecule is reacted with an alcohol and a carboxylic acid ester having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms in the alkyl group and from 5 to 20 carbon atoms in the esterifying alkyl group of the ester. The dialkyl phosphites are formed under simultaneous removal by distillation of the carboxylic acid formed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds as novel thymidylate synthase inhibitors, novel strategies to treat or prevent neoplasia in a subject, methods and compositions thereof.

Abstract: The invention generally relates to methods of selectively removing lithium from various liquids, methods of producing high purity lithium carbonate, methods of producing high purity lithium hydroxide, and methods of regenerating resin.

Abstract: The invention generally relates to methods of selectively removing lithium from various liquids, methods of producing high purity lithium carbonate, methods of producing high purity lithium hydroxide, and methods of regenerating resin.

Abstract: A substance includes diamond particles having a maximum linear dimension of less than about 1 ?m and an organic compound attached to surfaces of the diamond particles. The organic compound may include a surfactant or a polymer. A method of forming a substance includes exposing diamond particles to an organic compound, and exposing the diamond particles in the presence of the organic compound to ultrasonic energy. The diamond particles may have a maximum linear dimension of less than about 1 ?m. A composition includes a liquid, a plurality of diamond nanoparticles dispersed within the liquid, and an organic compound attached to surfaces of the diamond nanoparticles. A method includes mixing a plurality of diamond particles with a solution comprising a liquid solvent and an organic compound, and exposing the mixture including the plurality of diamond nanoparticles and the solution to ultrasonic energy.

Abstract: The invention generally relates to methods of selectively removing lithium from various liquids, methods of producing high purity lithium carbonate, methods of producing high purity lithium hydroxide, and methods of regenerating resin.

Abstract: A process for upgrading an organic acid includes neutralizing the organic acid to form a salt and thermally decomposing the resulting salt to form an energy densified product. In certain embodiments, the organic acid is levulinic acid. The process may further include upgrading the energy densified product by conversion to alcohol and subsequent dehydration.

Abstract: The present invention is intended to provide a method for producing a liquid metal chelate compound which may be used as it is or diluted in water or the like, in a very simple procedure, in a short time, in a large quantity, and at a low cost, and to provide a metal chelate compound. A metal is ground in a liquid containing an organic acid to form an unoxidized fine metal powder. For example, a metal is ground in a liquid containing the organic acid, or the organic acid is added after the metal is ground in a liquid, or the organic acid is added while grinding the metal in a liquid. The unoxidized fine metal powder is oxidized in the liquid containing an organic acid to generate a metal ion. As a result of this, the unoxidized fine metal powder is chemically bonded to the organic acid in the liquid thereby producing a liquid metal chelate compound. The liquid metal chelate compound is adsorbed by an absorber.

Abstract: The invention discloses a novel compound effective in inactivating viruses and bacteria. The compound, 2-(10-mercaptodecyl)-propanedioic acid or salts thereof, is shown to disrupt, break down or inactivate viruses and bacteria, thus suppressing infection and proliferation thereof in host cells. A method of chemically synthesizing the novel compound is also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with novel compounds derived from polyquinonic ionic compounds and their use in electrochemical generators.

Abstract: Processes for producing disulfide compounds that are useful as additives for lubricating oils and fuel oils comprising a disulfide compound, as the main component, is provided.

Abstract: New organic salts of strontium and methods of synthesizing such salts with high purity, high yields and with short processing times, at neutral conditions and at low reaction temperature, such as a temperature at or below 50° C.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for producing a substantially pure disulfide compound of Formula II as disclosed herein, such as disodium 2,2?-dithiobis ethane sulfonate, by an efficient procedure from available, relatively inexpensive raw materials.

Abstract: The corrosion of metals in contact with aqueous alkanolamine solutions in acid gas removal units is inhibited by adding to the alkanolamine solution a corrosion inhibiting amount of a polythiaether compound.

Abstract: The present invention relates to pharmaceutical-grade ferric citrate. Pharmaceutical-grade ferric citrate contains a definite composition and a definite hydrate. The present invention also relates to a method using a solid—solid reaction to produce pharmaceutical-grade ferric citrate. The present invention also relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of pharmaceutical-grade ferric citrate and a food comprising pharmaceutical-grade ferric citrate.

Abstract: A mercaptocarboxylic acid of formula (I) is prepared by reacting an unsaturated carboxylic acid of formula (II) with a hydrosulphide of formula ASH, A being an alkali metal cation or a cation NR3R4R5R6+, R3 to R6 each representing H or a hydrocarbon radical, or of formula Q(SH)2, Q being an alkaline-earth metal cation, by acidifying the resulting reaction medium in order to obtain the desired compound (I). According to the present invention, the reaction is carried out with a supply of H2S other than that supplied by the neutralization of the acid (II). In particular, H2S is introduced into the medium by a direct external supply. H2S can also be produced in situ by reacting the hydrosulphide with at least one acid introduced into the medium. The compound (I) is obtained with a very good selectivity.

Abstract: Phosphinato-substituted propane- and butanepolycarboxylic acids and derivatives thereof are useful as crosslinking agents for cellulosic materials to render them wrinkle resistant and/or iron free in a durable press process.

Abstract: The present invention relate to thio-substituted pentanedioic acid derivatives that inhibit N-Acetylated &agr;-Linked Acidic Dipeptidase (NAALADase) enzyme activity, pharmaceutical compositions comprising the same, and methods of using the same to inhibit NAALADase enzyme activity, to effect neuronal activities, to inhibit angiogenesis, and to treat glutamate abnormalities, compulsive disorders and prostate diseases.

Abstract: Biodegradable resin products consisting essentially of a polymeric resin of starch, polyesters of polylactic acid and polycaprolactone. In admixture with the resin is a particulate vapor phase corrosion inhibitor selected from amine salts, ammonium benzoate, triazole derivatives, tall oil imidazolines, alkali metal molybdates, alkali dibasic acid salts, and mixtures thereof, and is present in an amount ranging from between about 1% and 3% by weight of the polymeric resin.

Abstract: The salt of a sulfonated succinic acid is cyclized, then converted to novel sulfonated hydroxamic acids by reaction with hydroxylamine (which is added or formed in situ), and the novel hydroxamic acid is then cyclized to the sulfo-N-hydroxysuccinimide salt. This synthetic procedure is simple, direct, and more rapid than present procedures for synthesis of the succinimide. Novel sulfo-hydroxamic acid intermediates are formed during this procedure.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of a carboxyalkylthiosuccinic acid of formula ##STR1## in which n=1 to 3 and R.dbd.H or CH.sub.3, a mercapto ester of formula HS--(CH.sub.2).sub.n --COOR' in which R' is a C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl radical, is reacted, in aqueous medium and without a catalyst, with maleic acid, citraconic acid or their anhydride. The invention is more particularly directed towards the preparation of carboxyethylthiosuccinic acid (CETSA).

Abstract: A method of producing a bis(2-carboxyethyl)-alkyl phosphine oxide represented by the following general formula (1) is disclosed. ##STR1## The method comprises the following Steps 1-4: step 1 wherein phosphine is reacted with acrylonitrile to produce bis(2-cyanoethyl)phosphine and then, in step 2, reacted with an alkene to produce a bis(2-cyanoethyl)alkyl phosphine, and in step 3, reacted with an oxidizing agent to produce a bis(2-cyanoethyl)alkyl phosphine oxide, and in step 4, said bis(2-cyanoethyl)alkyl phosphine oxide is reacted with water or a lower alcohol to give a bis(2-carboxyethyl)alkyl phosphine oxide or a derivative thereof.

Abstract: A bifunctional alkyl phosphine oxide which is represented by the following general formula (1), ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents tert-butyl or 1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl, and a production method thereof. This organophosphorus compound is useful a wide variety of fields including a flame retardant, antistatic additive, antibacterial agent, dyeing-improving agent, resin modifier, stain-proofing agent, and rust preventives. This compound can be produced industrially advantageously.

Abstract: Oligomers with polydiene sequences and crosslinkable grafts are useful as coatings for protecting metal surfaces as well as inking buffers. The oligomers contain a polydiene sequence of 1-100 diene links, from 1 to 20 polar functional groups, and from 1-20 acrylic or methacrylic groups.

Abstract: A method for producing low odor meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid is provided whereby a meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid substrate is washed with an aqueous wash medium and subsequently dried, preferably at a temperature of less than 40.degree. C. and a low odor meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid is also provided by this invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of alkali metal salts of 2-phosphonobutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid, characterized in that 2-phosphonobutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid penta-alkyl esters or partial esters are reacted with an aqueous alkali metal hydroxide solution in a ratio of from 0.5 to 0.76 mol, preferably from 0.6 to 0.7 mol of alkali metal hydroxide per mol of ester function at temperatures from 20.degree. to 200.degree. C. in a one-shot process.

Abstract: A compound of the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 are --COOR.sup.4, --COOR.sup.5, and --COOR.sup.6, respectively; R.sup.4, R.sup.5, and R.sup.6 each is hydrogen, lower alkyl, or alkali metal; W is hydroxyl; X, Y, and Z each is hydrogen or hydroxyl; a dotted line indicates the presence or absence of a single bond; or where W/R.sup.3, X/R.sup.1, and/or Z/R.sup.3 may be combined together, a lactone is formed, which compound is useful as a phospholipase A.sub.2 inhibitor. Process for the production of the compound (I) and a cell culture of a microorganism Circinotrichum falcatisporum RF-641 producing the same are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a low sediment method of producing oleaginous compositions containing copper salts of the product of a polyolefin having a numerical average molecular weight (M.sub.n) of at least 600 which has been substituted with an average of at least 0.5 dicarboxylic acid anhydride moiety per polyolefin molecule, wherein the polyolefin-substituted dicarboxylic acid anhydride is contacted with a water-soluble copper reactant in the presence of at least 1,000 wt. % above the amount theoretically required to hydrolyze the polyolefin-substituted dicarboxylic acid anhydride material charged) and in the presence of a solvent for the polyolefin-substituted dicarboxylic acid anhydride material charged. The resulting copper salt products, and amine derivatives thereof, are useful in lubricating oils as additives, e.g., as antioxidant lube oil additives.

Abstract: A process for forming thioglycolic acid by contacting in a reaction zone at elevated pressure of at least 250 psig a mixture of monochloroacetic acid and dichloroacetic acid with a molar excess of an alkali metal hydrosulfide to form the alkali metal salt of thioglycolic acid, acidifying said salt and removing the free thioglycolic acid. A preferred process further requires separating any formed thiodiglycolic acid from the resultant liquid phase materials and recycling said acid to the reaction zone.

Abstract: New compounds having utility for enhancing the activity of antifolates are disclosed of the formula: ##STR1## wherein X is selected from hydrogen ##STR2## and R" ; R' is selected from alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted and unsubstituted aryl, and substituted and unsubstituted heterocyclic aryl; R" is selected from ##STR3## and R'S; M is selected from OR and secondary amine; and R is selected from hydrogen, alkyl, acyloxymethyl, substituted and unsubstituted aryl, substituted and unsubstituted heterocyclic aryl, amino cation and metal cation.

Abstract: Novel compounds and compositions which inhibit SRS-A in mammals are disclosed. Methods for preparing said compounds and compositions and methods for their use for treating allergic reactions, inflammation and for reducing the severity of myocardial infarction resulting from heart attack are disclosed.Useful intermediates for preparing said compounds are also disclosed.

Abstract: New compounds having utility for enhancing the activity of antifolates are disclosed of the formula: ##STR1## wherein X is selected from hydrogen ##STR2## and R"--; R' is selected from alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted and unsubstituted aryl, and substituted and unsubstituted heterocyclic aryl; R" is selected from ##STR3## and R'S; M is selected from OR and secondary amine; and R is selected from hydrogen, alkyl, acyloxymethyl, substituted and unsubstituted aryl, substituted and unsubstituted heterocyclic aryl, amino cation and metal cation.

Abstract: Novel Isoprene Derivatives which have mucosa-protective and gastric acid secretion-inhibiting properties and are useful for combatting ulcers both by treating and as a prophylaxis against gastric and/or duodenal ulcers.

Abstract: This invention relates to condensation polymers of thiolactic and thioglycolic acids. These polymers, as well as thiolactic acid, 2,2'-dithobisacetic acid, and 2,2'-dithiobispropanoic acid, increase both the rate of plant growth and the concentration of chlorophyll in the plant.

Abstract: The compounds represented by the formula (I) ##STR1## wherein n is 1 or 2; m is 0, 1 or 2; p is 9, 10, 11, 12 or 13; X is hydrogen or hydroxyl; R is hydroxyl or amino; R.sub.1 is hydrogen, amino or ##STR2## and R.sub.2 is hydroxyl, amino, ##STR3## with the proviso that when m is 0, R.sub.1 is hydrogen or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof have been found to be leukotriene antagonists and useful in the treatment of diseases in which leukotrienes are a factor, such as asthma.

Abstract: A process for the production of a substituted alpha, beta dicarboxylic acid compound substantially free of tar and other resinous reaction byproducts comprising the reaction at conditions favoring the ENE reaction of an ethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon and an ethylenically unsaturated alpha, beta dicarboxylic acid compound in the presence of a boron compound.

Abstract: Aliphatic polyesters containing sulphur, which contain the sulphur as structural units in the form of sulphide or disulphide groups in both the acid component and the diol component, a process for the preparation of these polyesters, and also polymers containing these polyesters.

Abstract: A novel class of compounds has been found to be effective in blocking cholesterol and neutral lipid synthesis in-vivo without adversely affecting energy metabolism, useful for the treatment of obesity, hyperlipidemia and maturity-onset diabetes. The active compounds have the general formula ##STR1## or in-vivo hydrolyzable functional derivatives of the carboxylic groups thereof,whereinR.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each independently represents an unsubstituted or substituted hydrocarbyl or hetercyclyl radical;X and Y each independently represents hydrogen, optionally substituted lower alkyl, halogen, cyano, carboxy, lower alkoxycarbonyl or carbamoyl; andQ represents a diradical consisting of a linear chain of 8 to 14 carbon atoms, one or more of which may be replaced by heteroatoms, said chain being optionally substituted by inert substituents and one or more of said carbon or heteratom chain members optionally forming part of a ring structure.