Abstract: A steel strip (1) comprises two to seven round steel filaments (2) lying in parallel adjacent to one another so as to form a single plane of core filaments and one or more filaments (4) which are wrapped around the core filaments in one single wrapping direction. One or more core filaments, individually, or the plane of the core filaments as a whole have residual elastic torsions to such an extent that the strip remains substantially flat over the whole length of the strip if the strip is not subjected to external forces.

Abstract: A device is described which prevents, during deployment of an ocean cable system, torque build-up in a heavy armor cable section from being abruptly applied to a next-connected light armor cable section. A set of helically-wound steel armor rods rigidly attached to the heavier cable section form a tube-like extension over the first several feet of the lighter cable. The rods resist rotation because of their frictional contact with the cable engine drum. The enveloped cable within the rod-tube device accordingly rotates only as much as the tube. The torque-induced rotation that does occur is well within that safely permitted per unit cable length.

Abstract: An electric wire conductor for use in automobiles made by twisting a plurality of strands together. Each of the strands has a surface layer made of copper or a copper alloy and a core made of steel containing carbon and other elements such as Si, Mn, Ni and Cr. Also, the core may be made of an Fe-based alloy containing Ni or Cr. This structure allows a substantial reduction in the weight of conductor.

Abstract: An improved steel cord for reinforcing rubber is formed of three steel filaments, one having a smaller diameter than the other two, twisted together. The thinner filament is twisted with the two filaments at least partially in contact with them and with the same pitch. When the steel cord is cut at both ends, the thinner filament is retracted inwardly from the ends of the two filaments. This improves the penetration of rubber into the cord and prevents edge separation.

Abstract: A steel cord for the reinforcement of rubber articles is disclosed, which comprises a central base structure composed of 1 to 4 steel filaments, and at least one coaxial layer composed of plural steel filaments arranged around the central base structure so as to adjoin them to each other, these steel filaments being twisted in the same direction at the same pitch. In the steel cord of this type, the steel filaments constituting the central base structure have the same diameter (dc), while at least one steel filament of the coaxial layer has a diameter (dso) smaller than the diameter (dc) of the steel filament in the central base structure.

Abstract: Low profile radial tires for trucks and buses reinforced with steel cords which comprise two layers of a core and an outer layer, the number of core filaments being 3 to 4 and the number of outer filaments being equal to or less than the number 5 greater than the number of the core filaments, all filaments being substantially equal in diameter and both the core filaments and the outer filaments being twisted in the same direction with a different pitch, and the aspect ratio of the tire being at most 0.85.

Abstract: A metal cord for reinforcing elastomeric articles, such as earth mover tires, comprises a plurality of metal wire-filament strands, including a center strand and multiple peripheral strands concentrically surrounding the center strand. Each of the center and peripheral strands includes multiple individual wire filaments of similar diameter having identical strand lay direction and length. Each strand has a hexagonally close-packed longitudinally uniform polygonal outline in which filaments are in concentric layers, with each individual filament being tangential to all adjacently surrounding filaments. The peripheral strands are tangential to the center strand and have a predetermined cord lay length and direction either the same as (Lang's Lay) or opposite to that of the center strand.

Abstract: A steel cord for reinforcing rubber is made by twisting a plurality of strands each made by twisting a plurality of element wires. The cord and the strands are twisted in the same direction. The product of the twisting ratio of the cord and that of the strands, the elongation coefficient of the cord and other factors are determined so that the rubber penetration and the rigidity and tenacity of the cord will be suitable for the carcass cord of steel radial tire.

Abstract: A wire strand for reinforcing elastomers such as tires and conveyor belts comprises multiple individual filaments bundled in a core and an outer layer on a common axis. Each individual filament is tangential to all adjacent surrounding filaments and all filaments have identical lay direction and length in a hexagonally close-packed cross section, which is to say that the strand filaments are of bunched configuration. In accordance with the invention, the outer layer includes filaments of differing diameters so disposed with respect to each other and with respect to the filaments of the core that the outer edges of all filaments in the outer layer, viewed cross sectionally, lie substantially on a common radius from the strand axis.

Abstract: A composite reinforcing rope is made of a cylindrical core of twisted filaments of aromatic polyamides around which a plurality of steel wires of a rectangular configuration are coiled. The steel wires are wound side-by-side in one layer. Each wire is twisted around its own axis to such a degree that its broader side fully engages the periphery of the polyamide core. The edges of respective wires are rounded whereby the convex narrow dides of adjoining wires contact one another substantially along a line.

Abstract: A metal cord is constructed by twisting three metal filaments in the same direction, and satisfies Lmax.gtoreq.1.05d, Lmin.gtoreq.1d and Lmax/Lmin.gtoreq.1.05 (Lmax : center distance between longest separated metal filaments, Lmin : center distance between shortest separated metal filaments, d : diameter of metal filament), and has specified twisting pitch and elongation under a load of 5 kg/cord. A pneumatic tire comprises a belt composed of plural belt layers each containing the above metal cords arranged at a given inclination angle with respect to the circumferential direction of the tire.

Abstract: A steel cord comprises a central bundle of three twisted steel filaments (1) with a diameter d.sub.1 and nine steel filaments twisted around said central bundle with the same twist pitch and twist direction as the central bundle. Three filaments (2) of said nine steel filaments have a diameter d.sub.2 and contact two adjacent steel filaments of the central bundle. Six steel filaments (3) of said nine steel filaments have a diameter d.sub.3 and contact both one steel filament of the central bundle and one steel filament of the three filaments with diameter d.sub.2. The ratio d.sub.2 /d.sub.1 is greater than 1.05 and smaller than 1.16. The raio d.sub.3 /d.sub.1 is greater than-0.205=0.814.times.d.sub.2 /d.sub.1 and smaller than-0.105+0.814=d.sub.2 /d.sub.1.

Abstract: A wire rope is constructed so that the twisting moment generated in the rope per unit load decreases from one end of the rope to the other . This is accomplished by varying the length of lay along the rope.

Abstract: The twistless and/or weakly twisted wire rope or cable with the many strand many layer structure comprises a core rope and a cover layer stranded on the core rope in an opposite stranding direction. The core rope is made exclusively from substantially circular strands and the cover layer is made exclusively from only one layer of substantially flat strands.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire includes a composite rope made of a cylindrical core of twisted filaments of aromatic polyamides around which a plurality of steel wires of a rectangular configuration are coiled. The steel wires are wound side-by-side in one layer. Each wire is twisted around its own axis to such a degree that its broader side fully engages the periphery of the polyamide core. The edges of respective wires are rounded whereby the convex narrow sides of adjoining wires contact one another substantially along a line.

Abstract: A steel cord for the reinforcement of rubber articles is disclosed, which comprises a central base structure composed of 1 to 4 steel filaments, and at least one coaxial layer composed of plural steel filaments arranged around the central base structure so as to adjoin them to each other, these steel filaments being twisted in the same direction at the same pitch. In the steel cord of this type, the steel filaments constituting the central base structure have the same diameter (dc), while at least one steel filament of the coaxial layer has a diameter (dso) smaller than the diameter (dc) of the steel filament in the central base structure.

Abstract: A steel cord usable for the reinforcement of rubber articles comprises a core of a single steel filament, an inner sheath composed of six steel filaments and an outer sheath composed of 7 to 12 steel filaments, wherein the steel filaments constituting the core, inner sheath and outer sheath have a diameter of 0.20.about.0.40 mm and satisfy the particular relations.

Abstract: A conductive yarn includes a continuous non-conductive carrier thread having a relatively low modulus of elasticity; a continuous metal thread; and the carrier thread being wrapped around the metal thread. A process for making such conductive yarn includes the steps of pulling the continuous metal thread off a first package; pulling the continuous carrier thread off a second package; applying a relatively high tension to the carrier thread with respect to the tension on the metal thread as both threads are being pulled off their respective packages; and wrapping the tensioned carrier thread around the pulled metal thread. Apparatus for performing the method is also provided.

Abstract: A reinforcement assembly to be impregnated with a plastic or rubber material for reinforcing an article, such as a pneumatic tire, the assembly having three layers of cords: a core layer, an intermediate layer and an outer layer. The intermediate layer and the outer layer have the same direction of winding and the same pitch. When the core layer is wound in the same direction as the intermediate layer, the pitches of these layers differ in such a manner that the ratio between the difference in the values of these two pitches and the larger value of these two pitches is at least equal to 0.30. In the intermediate layer the axis of each cord is arranged along a helix such that the ratio between the radius of curvature of said helix and the diameter of said cord is less than 75.

Abstract: An open type metal cord has a plurality of cord units each constituted by at least one preformed metal wire member. The wire members within a given cord unit have the same preforming ratio but have a different ratio from that of the wire members within another cord unit. A difference between the largest preforming ratio and the smallest preforming ratio in cord units falls within the range of 0.20 to 0.40. In this case, the maximum preforming ratio possible for the wire members is 1.65 and the minimum preforming ratio possible for the wire members is 1.05. A total number of wire members constituting a metal cord according to the present invention is 3 to 5.

Abstract: A reinforcing structure for elastomeric articles, having 2-5 filaments. The filaments are arranged in parallel and have a common plane passing through them all. The wire has a diameter smaller than that of the filaments. The wire wraps the filaments together so that a relative position of the filaments with respect to each other and also bending rigidities in predetermined directions do not vary over a full length of the wrapped filament structure.

Abstract: A reinforcement assembly comprises from one to three layers of threads, one of which is a central layer having one or more shaped threads, i.e., threads having a center of gravity and a contour in an intersecting plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the thread, the distance from any point on the contour to the center of gravity depending on the position of the point on the contour. The twist pitch of each shaped thread is different from the winding pitch of the shaped thread in the layer in which it is located and if the element comprises three layers, the winding pitch of the outer layer is different from the winding pitch of the subjacent layer. Reinforced articles include such assemblies impregnated with a material, in particular pneumatic tires.

Abstract: A steel cord for the reinforcement of rubber articles is disclosed, which comprises a central base structure composed of 1 to 4 steel filaments, and at least one coaxial layer composed of plural steel filaments arranged around the central base structure so as to adjoin them to each other, these steel filaments being twisted in the same direction at the same pitch. In the steel cord of this type, the steel filaments constituting the central base structure have the same diameter (dc), while at least one steel filament of the coaxial layer has a diameter (dso) smaller than the diameter (dc) of the steel filament in the central base structure.

Abstract: A reinforcing cord made of several steel wires includes a metal wrapping wire coiled around steel wires. The hardness of the wrapping wire is substantially less than the hardness of the steel wires. Preferably the wrapping wire is a flat wire whose longer side engages the cord.

Abstract: Small diameter wire rope having a relatively ductile and preferably solid core is found to be strong yet better resists shearing forces than similar rope having a high strength core strand.

Abstract: A reinforcement for rubber is disclosed, which comprises a cord made from an amorphous iron-base alloy filament previously subjected to a wire drawing at a reduction of area of not less than 10%.

Abstract: A pneumatic radial tire comprising a radial carcass and a belt superimposed about a crown of the carcass is disclosed. In this tire, the cord for the belt is a metallic cord comprising a core of two metallic wires and an outer layer of six metallic wires disposed about the core, all of these wires having the same diameter and twisting direction and a form ratio of 90.about.110%.

Abstract: This invention relates to welt cord constructions in general, and more specifically to a combustion inhibiting construction for welt cords, wherein heat conducting elements are wrapped around, and/or form the core of, the welt cord, for dissipating the heat of combustion away from the point of contact with a source of heat such as a burning cigarette.

Abstract: A metal cord used as a reinforcement for rubber products. The cord includes a strand core composed of a plurality of metal wires stranded with each other. A plurality of metal wires are stranded around the strand core, forming a strand layer. The number of the metal wires which form the strand layer is less than 4 plus the number of the metal wires which form the strand core, and each of the metal wires which form both the strand core and layer has substantially the same diameter.

Abstract: A twisted cable assembly and a method of making the same. The cable assembly comprises first and second spaced apart end spools and a continuous length of wire. The wire is looped around and extends between the end spools, and sections of the wire between the end spools are twisted into a composite strand. With one embodiment, an elongated malleable wire also is connected to and extends between the end spools to hold the cable assembly selectively in a range of curved positions. With an alternate embodiment, a stiffening wire is connected to and extends between the end spools to inhibit bending of the cable assembly.

Abstract: A metallic cable (10) suitable for reinforcing elastomeric articles comprises two or more substantially identical, helically disposed filaments (11, 12, 13) nested together and twisted together, such that the cable has a lay length (L) that is at least two times greater than the pitch length (P) of the filaments. The cable is manufactured by drawing metallic filaments from a bobbin means (31, 32, 33) and then guiding them through a means for deforming (34) that shapes the filaments into helixes. The filaments are positioned beside and against each other such that each filament is in contact with at least one other filament. After a sunken rotating pulley (37) guides the filaments through the hollow bearing (23) of a first flyer (21), first and second rotating flyers (21, 22) twist the helically disposed filaments together to form a cable.

Abstract: A metallic cable comprises a strand of identical helical shaped filaments positioned beside and against each other such that each filament of the strand is in line contact with at least one other filament of the strand. The helixes of the filaments of the strand are sloped in a first direction. A single filament is twisted with the strand in a direction opposite to said first direction. An apparatus and a method for manufacturing the metallic cable are also disclosed.

Abstract: Reinforcement cable of metal wire for elastomeric conduits are disclosed, containing at least two corded-together strands which each have two or more wires and at least one outerlying of which strands is composed from two or more core wires wrapped by at least one spiral-shaped strand winding wire. Particular embodiments include wrapping with strands; use of three to seven thereof; enveloping the strands with preferably up to four cable winding wires; arranging various of the combination sets of core wires, strands and cables to be of equal pitch, pitch angle and rotary direction, mainly in-phase; and staggering the cores wires to define a reciprocal contact curve parallel thereto.

Abstract: A steel cord composed of four material wires of the same diameter twisted together, of which two material wires are stuck together and intertwisted at the center and each of the other two material wires is arranged on both sides of the former two material wires with a certain space left between the former and the latter. The latter two material wires are twisted about the former two material wires in the same twist direction and at the same pitch as the former two material wires into a steel cord. The steel cord thus composed facilitates infiltration of a rubber compound into the central part of the steel cord, ensures perfect adhesion between the rubber compound and the steel cord, checks elongation under a very low load, stabilizes twist construction in the lengthwise direction and improves an anti-fatigue characteristic.

Abstract: A steel cord having a basic construction constituted by a group of at least two wires of the same diameter twisted together and a single wire or a bundle of a plurality of parallel wires are intertwisted. This steel cord provides better adhesion between a rubber compound and the steel cord because of better infiltration of the rubber compound into a central cavity formed by adjoining steel cords and also better elastic force in the lengthwise direction of the cord.

Abstract: Described is a novel marker for wire ropes, in the form of a polymer, e.g., polyester film carrying a highly abrasion-resistant impression. This polyester film is wound around a support element in spirally overlapping manner and is worked into a gap between the bundles of strands, at the same twisting angle as the latter.

Abstract: A metallic cable for reinforcing elastomeric articles comprises a single strand of two filaments twisted together in a first direction, and a single filament helically disposed around the strand in a direction that is opposite to said first direction and has a pitch that is not greater than one and one-half times the lay length of said strand.

Abstract: A helical layer on a cable core produces a zero torque response when the lay angle is chosen according to the inventive method. Previously, two helical layers having opposite lay angles have been used to obtain a zero torque response. Lightguide cables having a metallic helical armor layer, for example, advantageously utilize the present technique, which reduces the tendency of the cable to kink.

Abstract: A dead-end appliance for linear bodies including a pair of elongated legs, each of which is helically coiled along the length thereof for grippingly receiving a portion of a linear body. An integral connecting portion connects the legs at one end thereof and includes integral pin receiving eyes and a bight portion. The eyes have eye axes lying in a plane extending perpendicular to the legs, and the bight portion is positioned for attachment of a linear body tensioning device thereto extending therefrom on the same side of the plane as the legs.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for manufacturing an open cord to be used as a reinforcement for automobile tires, conveyor belts, etc. and having uniform spaces between steel wires and stable construction.

Abstract: A rotation resistant rope comprising a central multi-wire strand of Seale's construction, an intermediate layer comprising a plurality of multi-wire strands closed in one operation around the central strand, and a covering layer of 10 multi-wire strands closed around the intermediate layer. Each intermediate and covering layer of strands has a direction of lay opposite to that of the other layer of strands. The outside strands and core are always laid opposite each other, but the wires within each of these strands may be Lang lay, although Regular lay is preferred, particularly for the outside strands. The 10 outside strands may comprise from 7 to 26 wires and all of the strands are identical. However, in a preferred construction each of the outside strands consists of 19 wires.

Abstract: A pneumatic radial tire is disclosed. This tire is reinforced with steel cords, each of which has such a flat or elliptic section that two or three strands, each strand being produced by twisting plural filaments, are arranged in parallel with each other so as to make the twisting directions of the adjoining strands opposite to each other to form a core and plural filaments are twisted around the core and wrapped with a spiral filament.

Abstract: This invention relates to a high strength cable to electrically and mechaally connect a vessel or a base on the sea with submarine instruments. Such a cable is required to transfer a signal or electric power and to positively transfer to a tension member in the cable a drawing force which is applied to an outer sheath from a capstan when the cable is wound up or drawn out by the capstan. This invention has a feature in that layers 6A, 6B, 6C and 6D of lapping tape having a high friction coefficient such as rubber coated tape are provided between a tension member 7 and an outer sheath 8. This feature prevents a displacement between the tension member 7 and the outer sheath 8.

Abstract: The invention relates to a new complex filiform textile element comprising fibers of an inorganic material.The element in accordance with the invention is characterized by the fact that the fibers are contained on the outside by an enveloping but open structure of metal, the total area of the openings (So) being greater than the total area of the enveloping structure (Se) covering the apparent peripheral surface of all the entire fibers.

Abstract: Wires are wound and simultaneously laid directly on the core of the product to form a wound layer between the adjacent wires of which there are peripheral spaces constituting from 15 to 70 percent of the wire diameter. The partly finished twisted wire product made in this manner is subjected to compression so as to cause its plastic deformation in order to obtain the desired shape and size. The wires of the wound layer of the finished product have a contact with the core substantially along the surface thereof as a result of compression applied to the product so as to cause its plastic deformation to produce the desired shape and size.A twisted product made by applying this method has uniform mechanical properties over its whole cross section.

Abstract: A metal cord having a core comprising one or more filaments for the reinforcement of rubber articles comprising a plurality of bundles of grouped filaments wherein the direction of lay of the filaments in the bundles is the same as the direction of lay of the bundles in the cord, each of the filaments having been subjected to plastic torsional deformation, and the average length of lay of each bundle in the cord being substantially equal to the average length of lay of each filament in the bundles, and wherein at any cross-section of the cord the filament or filaments which comprise the core of the cord differ along the length of the cord and belong to the same or different bundles.

Abstract: Metal cord, for reinforcing articles of an elastomeric material, such as tires, conveyor belts and so on of the single strand type, in particular made up of a plurality of 3, 4 or 5 wires, wherein the said wires are twisted together loosely, so as to result as being spaced apart from each other but in such a way that the ratio between the diameter of the circumference circumscribing the swollen cord and the diameter of the circumference circumscribing the corresponding compact cord, is comprised between 1.06 and 1.20. A thus realized cord consents for an optimum penetration of the elastomeric filler material but at the same time a tensile behavior, and in particular an elongation in the field of low values of loads applied, which does not differ in any appreciable way from that of the corresponding compact cord.

Abstract: Steel wire rope used for lifting and hauling is dangerous when stressed above the breaking point, as there is a substantial quantity of energy stored in the stretched rope and when the rope breaks the stored energy causes the broken ends to whip at high velocity, in a number of recorded cases causing fatalities, and serious damage to helicopters, cranes, vessels and vehicles. This invention discloses a steel wire rope with a strong hand elastic sleeve or sleeves which are not in longitudinal tension, and which dissipate by friction the energy stored in the broken cable, thus materially reducing the possibility of damage to the surroundings.

Abstract: An oblong cylindrical body such as an electrical or optical cable or a pipe having a concentric armour of spaced wires is provided with one or more binder tapes being provided with indentations such as corrugations or depressions in all or some of the spaces between the wires. The indentations may be produced by means of rollers having a surface in accordance with the desired indentations. The indentations may be produced before or after the application of the binder tape.

Abstract: Wire rope is made non-specular by making the wire for the top layer of wire rope non-specular before the wire is stranded into a wire rope. This method and the product thereof are new to the wire rope art. Such wire rope is not contaminated by detrimental abrasives or other products that would become embedded into the wire rope should it be made non-specular by abrasive blasting or other methods after the wire rope is completely stranded. Wire rope that is not conspicious is preferred in many locations.