Abstract: A process for reacting ethane with chlorine to produce a mixture of ethylene and vinyl chloride is disclosed. The process involves the intimate mixing of ethane and chlorine in an ethane to chlorine ratio of at least about 0.9:1 at a temperature such that ethane and chlorine do not react during mixing, and heating the mixture to a temperature above about 215.degree. C. to commence the reaction, allowing the reaction to proceed for a period of less than about 1 minute, and providing sufficient heat to the reacting mixture so that the reacted mixture will have a temperature between about 400.degree. C. and about 800.degree. C.

Abstract: The purpose of this invention is to describe a new process for the manufacture of choroethene (C.sub.2 H.sub.3 Cl). This new process involves the use or ethylene (C.sub.2 H.sub.4) as a feedstock. Highly chlorinated ethenes or methanes are used as chlorinating agents. The corresponding less chlorinated ethenes or methanes are recovered as co-products or recycled to the process to produce additional chloroethene. The distribution of the products may be adjusted so that chloroethene is the major product.

Abstract: A process for converting a chlorinated alkene feedstock including two or more chlorines to reaction products including a less-chlorinated alkene in a commercially substantial proportion, comprising reacting the chlorinated alkene feedstock with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst consisting essentially of a Group VIII metal other than rhodium, palladium or ruthenium and a Group IB metal on a support.

Abstract: A process for the catalytic conversion of various chlorinated hydrocarbon byproducts and waste products especially to less chlorinated, useful or salable products, in which a chlorinated hydrocarbon feedstock containing two or more chlorines is reacted with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst consisting essentially of an active hydrogenating metal component such as platinum in elemental or compound form, and a surface segregating metal component such as copper in elemental or compound form on a support.

Abstract: A novel process for the preparation of a chlorinated polyolefin having excellent low temperature characteristics and brightness is provided which comprises allowing a polyolefin dissolved or suspended in a solvent to undergo chlorination reaction with chlorine gas or chlorinated sulfuryl in the presence of a radical initiator as a catalyst, characterized in that as said solvent there is used 1,1,2-trichloroethane and the temperature is controlled to 90.degree. C. or lower at the process for removing hydrogen chloride and/or sulfur dioxide by-produced during the reaction from the reaction system.

Abstract: Alternative methods for synthesizing haloenones and haloakenes and their use as starting materials for synthesis of substituted or unsubstituted alkyl and aryl substituted enones and alkenes, including tamoxifen and tamoxifen analogs, using such haloenones and haloalkenes.

Abstract: Tribromostyrene (TBS) is produced by the preparation of a TBS precursor, which is .beta.-bromoethyl-tribromobenzene (.beta.-BrBr.sub.3), and the successive elimination of hydrogen bromide from said precursor. The precursor is prepared by selective bromination of phenethyl bromide (.beta.-Br), wherein the molar ratio of bromine to phenethyl bromide is comprised between 2.5 and 3.5, and preferably between 3.1 and 3.3 included; and by adding bromine, after an initial addition, at a controlled molar rate.

Abstract: A process for hydrodehalogenating halogenated organic compounds present in a contaminated aqueous environmental source in which the halogenated organic compounds are reacted with hydrogen gas or a source of hydrogen gas in the presence of a catalyst of palladium on carbon.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for chlorinating, brominating and/or iodinating an organic substrate containing both a single acidic hydrogen atom and at least one electron withdrawing group attached to the same carbon atom. The process replaces the single acidic hydrogen with chlorine, bromine and/or iodine and involves reacting the substrate in solution with a halogenating agent (e.g., a perhalomethane wherein the halogen substituents are I, Br and/or Cl, a trihaloacetic acid ester wherein the halogen substituents are Br and/or Cl, or a perfluoroalkyl halide wherein the halide is I, Br and/or Cl) in the presence of (i) a phase transfer catalyst of the formula R.sup.1 R.sup.2 R.sup.3 R.sup.4 LJ where L is selected from the group consisting of phosphorus and nitrogen, where J is an inorganic anion other than fluoride, and where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for chlorinating, brominating and/or iodinating an organic substrate containing both a single acidic hydrogen atom and at least one electron withdrawing group attached to the same carbon atom. The process replaces the single acidic hydrogen with chlorine, bromine and/or iodine and involves reacting the substrate in solution with a halogenating agent (e.g., a perhalomethane wherein the halogen substituents are I, Br and/or Cl, a trihaloacetic acid ester wherein the halogen substituents are Br and/or Cl, or a perfluoroalkyl halide wherein the halide is I, Br and/or Cl) in the presence of a quaternary ammonium fluoride catalyst of the formula R.sup.1 R.sup.2 R.sup.3 R.sup.4 NF where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are independently chosen from the group consisting of hydrocarbyl radicals containing from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A process for mixing hot ethane with chlorine gas using a mixer consisting of a main pipe through which ethane is conducted, and four or more jets through which chlorine gas is introduced into the main pipe. The angle between the axis of each jet and the line from the center point to the point where the axis of each jet makes contact with the inside surface of the main pipe ranges between about 30.degree. to 45.degree..

Abstract: One stereoisomer of 1,2-dichloroethene is isomerized to the other stereoisomer in the liquid phase and in the presence of free radical initiator.

Abstract: A novel and efficient synthetic route is proposed for the preparation of (Z,E)-9,12-tetradecadienyl acetate as a sex pheromone compound used for population control of the pest insects belonging to the genus of Spodoptera via an intermediate 1-halo-(Z,E)-7,10-dodecadiene, which is a novel compound not known in the prior art. This novel compound is synthesized by reacting a Grignard reagent XMgC.tbd.C(CH.sub.2).sub.6 X,X being Cl or Br, with (E)-2-butenyl chloride or bromide to form an ene-yne compound of the formula CH.sub.3 CH.dbd..sup.(E) CHCH.sub.2 C.tbd.C(CH.sub.2).sub.6 X and then partially hydrogenating this ene-yne compound.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for preparing a 1,1-disubstituted ethylene derivative of the formula ##STR1## which comprises reacting lead with a carbinol derivative of the formula ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, X, Y, m and n are defined in the specification. The reaction is conducted more advantageously in the presence of a metal having higher ionization tendency than lead.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing methallyl chloride by reacting isobutene with chlorine in the gas phase is disclosed. The reaction is carried out in a distributed nozzle-mixing reactor which enables the reaction to proceed in a stabile manner even without addition of oxygen. At the same time, the yield of methallyl chloride is increased.

Abstract: Catalyzed halogen exchange between perhaloolefins to form products of the formulas:R.sup.1 R.sup.2 C=CR.sup.3 R.sup.8andR.sup.5 R.sup.6 C=CR.sup.7 R.sup.4wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.5, Rhu 6l , and R.sup.7 are individually selected from the group F, Cl, Br, C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 perfluoroalkyl, and pentafluorophenyl; or R.sup.1 and R.sup.3, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3, R.sup.5 and R.sup.7, R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 together, with the proviso that both groups are in the cis configuration, are selected from the group perfluoroalkylene of 2 to 4 carbons ando--C.sub.6 F.sub.4 (--)CF.sub.2 --,R.sup.8 =F, R.sup.4 =Cl or Br; and wherein none of the fluoroolefins simultaneously contains both Cl and Br.

Abstract: A process for recovering brominated acenaphthylene and its condensate in the form of powder, comprising dropping a solution of brominated acenaphthylene and its condensate produced from acenaphthene by reactions of bromination, condensation and dehydrobromination into hot water containing a carboxylic acid ester of polyoxyalkylene sorbitan, while the solvent is being distilled off, to recover the brominated acenaphthylene and its condensate in the form of powder dispersed in water.

Abstract: A process for the purification of 1,2-dichloroethane is described, in which the crude product, containing not more than 3% by weight of high-boilers, is distilled in a first column at 125.degree. to 180.degree. C. in such a way that the bottom product contains not more than 7% by weight of high-boilers. The purified, vaporous 1,2-dichloroethane discharged at the head of this column is used to heat product streams containing 1,2-dichloroethane. The bottom product from the first column is distilled in a second column, advantageously at a pressure of 5 to 40 kPa, together with a feed composed of vaporous 1,2-dichloroethane obtained from the reaction of ethylene with chlorine. The process makes it possible to purify 1,2-dichloroethane with a saving in energy.

Abstract: Novel alumina-supported nickel boride catalysts prepared by the borohydride promoted reduction of nickel arsenate are described. Method of catalyst preparation and process for hydrogenation of acetylenic and diolefinic compounds employing the invention catalysts are also described.

Abstract: 3,3-dichloro-2-methylpropene is prepared by reacting 1-chloro-2-methylpropene with sulfuryl chloride in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of nitrogen-containing bases or phosphines. Suitable nitrogen-containing bases are preferably aliphatic, aromatic and heterocyclic amines, as well as mixtures thereof; suitable phosphines are preferably aliphatic or aromatic phosphines.

Abstract: Selective hydrogenation process is provided employing as catalyst a composition consisting essentially of elemental palladium on calcium carbonate support with lead acetate and an aromatic amine oxide. Very high selectivities to cis-olefinic compounds from acetylenic compounds is achieved employing the catalyst of the invention.

Abstract: Process for the hydrogenation of functionally substituted acetylenic compounds employing catalyst comprising nickel boride on an inorganic oxide support is disclosed. Functionally-substituted acetylenic compounds are selectively reduced under mild reaction conditions to give functionally-substituted cis-olefinic compounds in high yield.

Abstract: Cis- and trans-1,3-dichloro-2-methylpropene and 3-chloro-2-chloromethylpropene are produced by the reaction of 3-chloro-2-methylpropene with sulfuryl chloride in the presence of catalytic amounts of amines and/or phosphines.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of olefinic aldehydes and intermediates is disclosed. The condensation of an .alpha.,.omega.-dihalide with a metal acetylide gives an acetylenic halide which can be reduced to give an olefinic halide, then oxidized to give the desired olefinic aldehyde or the acetylenic halide can be oxidized first to give an acetylenic aldehyde and then reduced to give the desired olefinic aldehyde.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of olefinic aldehydes and intermediates is disclosed. The condensation of an .alpha.,.omega.-dihalide with a metal acetylide gives an acetylenic halide which can be reduced to give an olefinic halide, then oxidized to give the desired olefinic aldehyde or the acetylenic halide can be oxidized first to give an acetylenic aldehyde and then reduced to give the desired olefinic aldehyde.

Abstract: A process for the synthesis of (Z,Z)-11-13-hexadecadienal is disclosed, starting with undecylenic alcohol.

Abstract: A method for preparing cyclotetrasiloxane, aliphatic chlorides and/or acyl chlorides from a chlorosilane and an acyloxy compound is disclosed. The chlorosilane and the acyloxy compound may be present as substantially equimolar amounts of separate compounds or they may be present in the same molecule in equimolar amounts. The reactants are merely heated sufficiently, with or without a soluble halide salt catalyst, to form the products. Advantageously this method can provide cyclotetrasiloxanes having water-sensitive radicals such as silicon-bonded chlorine atoms and/or silicon-bonded acyl chloride radicals.

Abstract: A method for preparing cyclotetrasiloxane, aliphatic chlorides and/or acyl chlorides from a cyclotrisiloxane, a chlorosilane and an acyloxy compound is disclosed. The chlorosilane and the acyloxy compound may be present as substantially equimolar amounts of separate compounds or they may be present in the same molecule in equimolar amounts. The reactants are merely heated sufficiently, with or without a soluble halide salt catalyst, to form the products. Advantageously this method can provide cyclotetrasiloxanes having water-sensitive radicals such as silicon-bonded chlorine atoms and/or silicon-bonded acyl chloride radicals. This method also provides a method for preparing cyclotetrasiloxanes having either one type of siloxane unit (non-mixed cyclotetrasiloxanes) or more than one type of siloxane unit (mixed cyclotetrasiloxanes).

Abstract: A compound is chlorinated with chlorine to produce chlorinated product and hydrogen chloride byproduct. Recovered hydrogen chloride byproduct is contacted with oxygen and a molten salt mixture containing the higher and lower valent chlorides of a multivalent metal, such as cuprous and cupric chloride, to effect recovery of the hydrogen chloride by enriching the molten salt content of the higher valent chloride. The molten salt, enriched in higher valent chloride, is then dechlorinated by use of a stripping gas, preferably hydrogen chloride, to produce a gaseous effluent containing stripped chlorine and the stripping gas, which is then recycled to the chlorination step. The presence of stripping gas, as a diluent, improves the chlorination operation.

Abstract: Conversion of esters (R.sup.1)(R.sup.2)C(C Hal.sub.3)OX, X being-P Hal.sub.2, --C(O)OR.sup.3 or ##STR1## R.sup.1, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 being optionally substituted hydrocarbyl groups and R.sup.2 methyl or hydrogen, with zinc in acetic acid gives a very high yield of a dihalovinyl compound (R.sup.1)(R.sup.2)C.dbd.C Hal.sub.2, e.g., of the ethyl ester of the parent acid of pyrethroid insecticides.

Abstract: A process for forming non-polymeric disproportionation products of non-conjugated olefins using catalysts comprising (1) at least one of certain neutral carbene complexes, and (2) at least one of certain compounds of Groups IVa, IVb, Vb, VIb, VIIb, VIII, and Ib of the Periodic Table of the Elements.