Abstract: A process for the production of C3-C6 light olefins from ethanol is described, and said process comprises at least the passage of a feedstock that contains ethanol into at least one reaction unit that is provided with at least one catalyst that comes in the form of spherical balls with a diameter of between 1 and 3 mm, each of said spherical balls comprising at least one zeolite and at least one alumina-based substrate and having a pore distribution such that the macropore volume that is measured by mercury porosimetry is between 0.10 and 0.20 ml/g and the mesopore volume that is measured by mercury porosimetry is between 0.25 and 0.35 ml/g.

Abstract: Reactor systems and methods are provided for the catalytic conversion of liquid feedstocks to synthesis gases and other noncondensable gaseous products. The reactor systems include a heat exchange reactor configured to allow the liquid feedstock and gas product to flow concurrently in a downflow direction. The reactor systems and methods are particularly useful for producing hydrogen and light hydrocarbons from biomass-derived oxygenated hydrocarbons using aqueous phase reforming. The generated gases may find used as a fuel source for energy generation via PEM fuel cells, solid-oxide fuel cells, internal combustion engines, or gas turbine gensets, or used in other chemical processes to produce additional products. The gaseous products may also be collected for later use or distribution.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for increasing ethylene and/or propylene yield during conversion of oxygenates using a system comprising a reactor and a regenerator, wherein the reactor comprises a fluidized bed reactor and a riser reactor, which process increases ethylene and/or propylene yield by using a mixture of the deactivated catalyst from the fluidized bed reactor and the regenerated catalyst from the regenerator in the riser reactor for further cracking the C4+ hydrocarbon stream separated from the product stream.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method and system for integrating a catalyst regeneration system with a plurality of hydrocarbon conversion apparatuses, preferably, a plurality of multiple riser reactor units. One embodiment of the present invention is a reactor system including a plurality of reactor units, at least one reactor unit preferably comprising a plurality of riser reactors. The system also includes a regenerator for converting an at least partially deactivated catalyst to a regenerated catalyst. A first conduit system transfers the at least partially deactivated catalyst from the reactor units to the regenerator, and a second conduit system transfers regenerating catalysts from the regenerator to the plurality of reactor units. Optionally, catalysts from a plurality of hydrocarbon conversion apparatuses may be directed to a single stripping unit and/or a single regeneration unit.

Abstract: A method of rapid methylation of an aromatic compound or an alkenyl compound, which is capable of obtaining an aromatic compound or an alkenyl compound labeled with a methyl group or a fluoromethyl group under a mild condition rapidly in high yield using an organic boron compound whose toxicity is not so high as a substrate. A kit for preparing a PET tracer and a method of producing a PET tracer can be practiced using the rapid methylation method. In an aprotic polar solvent, methyl iodide or X—CH2F (wherein X is a functional group which can be easily released as an anion), and an organic boron compound in which an aromatic ring or an alkenyl group is attached to boron are subjected to cross-coupling in the presence of a palladium(0) complex, a phosphine ligand, and a base.

Abstract: This invention relates to compositions and methods for fluid hydrocarbon product, and more specifically, to compositions and methods for fluid hydrocarbon product via catalytic pyrolysis. Some embodiments relate to methods for the production of specific aromatic products (e.g., benzene, toluene, naphthalene, xylene, etc.) via catalytic pyrolysis. Some such methods may involve the use of a composition comprising a mixture of a solid hydrocarbonaceous material and a heterogeneous pyrolytic catalyst component. In some embodiments, the mixture may be pyrolyzed at high temperatures (e.g., between 500° C. and 1000° C.). The pyrolysis may be conducted for an amount of time at least partially sufficient for production of discrete, identifiable biofuel compounds. Some embodiments involve heating the mixture of catalyst and hydrocarbonaceous material at high rates (e.g., from about 50° C. per second to about 1000° C. per second). The methods described herein may also involve the use of specialized catalysts.

Abstract: A method of preparing an olefin comprising: reacting a polyol in the presence of a carboxylic acid, such that an olefin is produced by the deoxygenation of the polyol. The reacting step can comprise (a) providing a composition comprising the polyol, (b) heating the composition, and (c) introducing the carboxylic acid to the composition wherein the introducing step occurs prior to, at the same time as, or subsequent to the heating step. In one embodiment, the polyol is glycerol, the carboxylic acid is formic acid, and the olefin is allyl alcohol, which is produced at a yield of about 80% or greater.

Abstract: A process for producing ethylene from ethanol combining the catalytic conversion of hydrocarbons: an ethanol feedstock is contacted with a Y-zeolite containing catalyst to give a product stream, and a coked catalyst and an target product of ethylene are obtained after separating the reaction stream; a hydrocarbon feedstock is contacted with a Y-zeolite containing catalyst to give a product stream, a spent catalyst and an oil vapor are obtained after separating the reaction stream, and the oil vapor is further separated to give the products such as gas, gasoline and the like; a part or all of the coked catalyst and a part or all of the spent catalyst enter the regenerator for the coke-burning regeneration, and the regenerated catalyst is divided into two portions, wherein one portion returns to be contacted with the hydrocarbon feedstock, and the other portion, after cooling, returns to be contacted with ethanol feedstock.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of an olefinic product, which process comprises contacting a reaction mixture comprising an oxygenate feedstock and an olefinic component with an oxygenate conversion catalyst comprising a molecular sieve having one-dimensional 10-membered ring channels, in a flow-through reactor unit defining a flow trajectory for fluids towards a downstream outlet for an olefinic reaction effluent from the flow-through reactor unit, wherein an olefinic co-feed is added at an upstream olefin feed inlet of the flow-through reactor unit, and wherein oxygenate feedstock is admitted to the reactor such that it is added to the reaction mixture at a plurality of locations along the feed trajectory.

Abstract: A method is disclosed of coupling and integrating natural gas recovery and separation along with chemical conversion. The method can comprise extracting at least one natural gas component. Non-limiting examples of the extracted component include ethane, propane, butanes, and pentanes. The method can also comprise contacting a natural gas stream with a catalyst under conditions that selectively convert at least one component into at least one product, such as ethylene, acetic acid, polyethylene, vinyl acetate, ethylene vinyl acetate, ethylene oxide, ethylene glycol, and their derivatives, propylene, polypropylene, propylene oxide, propylene glycol, acrylates, acrolein, acrylic acid, butenes, butadiene, methacrolein, methacrylic acid, methacrylates, and their derivatives, which can then be separated from the remaining components.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing an olefin from a carboxylic acid having a ?-hydrogen atom or an anhydride thereof in the presene of a catalyst containing at least one metal element selected from metals of Group 8, Group 9 and Group 10 and bromine element at a reaction temperature of 120° C. to 270° C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a high-strength silicoaluminophasphate-34 (SAPO-34) microsphere catalyst, a method for preparing the same, and a method for preparing light olefins by using the same, and when described in more detail, the present invention relates to a method for preparing a SAPO-34 microsphere catalyst, including: spray drying a mixed slurry including a matrix, a binder, an additive, and the like to a SAPO-34 slurry prepared by a hydrothermal synthesizing method using various organic templates such as tetraethylammonium hydroxide (TEAOH), and the like alone or in mixtures to prepare microspheres, and firing the microspheres, and to a SAPO-34 microsphere catalyst for a circulating-fluidized bed reactor, prepared by the preparation method. The SAPO-34 microsphere catalyst of the present invention has excellent reaction activity while having high strength, and thus is appropriate for use in a circulating-fluidized bed reactor requiring high strength of the catalyst.

Abstract: Aspects of the present invention relate to methods, systems, and compositions for preparing a solid biomass for fast pyrolysis. The method includes contacting the solid biomass with an inorganic material present in an effective amount for increasing fast pyrolysis yield of an organic liquid product (e.g., bio-oil). In various embodiments, the inorganic material is selected from the group consisting of aluminum sulfate, aluminum nitrate, aluminum chloride, aluminum hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and combinations thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the manufacture of a formulated oxygenate conversion catalyst, the process comprising combining a first molecular sieve comprising aluminosilicate, a second molecular sieve, different from the first molecular sieve, the second molecular sieve having more-dimensional channels, and a matrix material; and, treating the catalyst with a phosphorus containing compound after combination of the molecular sieves with the matrix material. In a further aspect the invention provides a formulated oxygenate conversion catalyst and a process for the preparation of an olefinic product.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for fluid catalytic cracking of oxygenated hydrocarbon compounds such as glycerol and bio-oil. In the process the oxygenated hydrocarbon compounds are contacted with a fluid cracking catalyst material for a period of less than 3 seconds. In a preferred process a crude-oil derived material, such as VGO, is also contacted with the catalyst.

Abstract: Biogases such as natural gas and other gases capable of being biologically derived by digestion of organic matter are converted to a clean-burning hydrocarbon liquid fuel in a continuous process wherein a biogas is fed to a reaction vessel where the biogas contacts a liquid petroleum fraction and a transition metal catalyst immersed in the liquid, vaporized product gas is drawn from a vapor space above the liquid level, condensed, and fed to a product vessel where condensate is separated from uncondensed gas and drawn off as the liquid product fuel as uncondensed gas is recycled to the reaction vessel.

Abstract: Process for the continuous hydrogenation of triglyceride containing raw materials in a fixed bed reactor system having several catalyst beds arranged in series and comprising hydrogenation catalyst. The raw material feed, hydrogen containing gas and diluting agent are passed together through the catalyst beds at hydrogenation conditions. The raw material feed stream as well as the stream of hydrogen containing gas are divided into an equal number of different partial streams. These are each passed to one catalyst bed in such a manner that the weight ratio of diluting agent to raw material feed is essentially the same at the entrance of all catalyst beds and does not exceed 4:1. The claimed process is preferably conducted at low temperatures and allows the utilization of existing units due to the low recycle ratio. Further, a sufficient excess of hydrogen is used so that no valuable product is lost through decarb-reactions.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of an olefinic product in the presence of an oxygenate conversion catalyst, the catalyst comprising a molecular sieve, wherein the molecular sieves comprises a SAPO-type silicoaluminophosphate, MFI-type aluminosilicate and/or MEL-type aluminosilicate, and a sulphur species at an elemental sulphur loading of at least 0.05 wt % based on total catalyst, the process comprising reacting an oxygenate feedstock under oxygenate conversion conditions to produce an olefinic reaction product. Further a process for the manufacture of an oxygenate conversion catalyst, and an oxygenate conversion catalyst comprising a molecular sieve having n-membered ring channels wherein n is 10 or less, and a sulphur species.

Abstract: A method is disclosed including co-processing a biomass feedstock and a refinery feedstock in a refinery unit. The method can include producing a liquid product by catalytically cracking or hyrocracking or hydrotreating a biomass feedstock and a refinery feedstock in a refinery unit having a fluidized reactor. Catalytically cracking can include transferring hydrogen from the refinery feedstock to carbon and oxygen from the biomass feedstock. Hydrocracking or hydrotreating can include transferring hydrogen from a hydrogen source to carbon and oxygen from the biomass feedstock, and to carbon from the refinery feedstock.

Abstract: Described herein are methods for producing fuels and solvents from fatty acid resources. Also disclosed herein are fuels and solvents produced by the methods described herein.

Abstract: There are provided a catalyst for manufacturing propylene, which can keep stable activity for a prolonged period of time in manufacturing propylene by bringing an oxygen-containing compound into contact with the catalyst in the presence of an olefin having 4 or more carbon atoms, and a method for manufacturing propylene using this catalyst for manufacturing propylene.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of recovery of the activity of a molecular sieve catalyst following use of the catalyst in an OTO conversion process. This is achieved by a regeneration apparatus and a method of regenerating a molecular sieve catalyst, comprising two stages. In a pretreatment stage, the catalyst is pretreated under pretreatment conditions by heating the catalyst to a temperature of between 320° C. to 700° C. in an oxygen depleted medium for a residence time of between 1 minute to two hours; and, in a regeneration stage, the catalyst is regenerated under regeneration conditions by heating the catalyst at a temperature of between 200° C. to 700° C. in an oxidizing medium for a residence time of between 1 to 60 minutes.

Abstract: Improved processing of an oxygenate-containing feedstock for increased production or yield of light olefins is provided. Such processing involves oxygenate conversion to olefins and subsequent cracking of heavier olefins wherein at least a portion of the C4+ hydrocarbon stream resulting from such oxygenate conversion processing and at least a portion of a cracked olefins effluent stream resulting from such olefin cracking processing are processed with a dividing wall fractionation column to form process streams containing: a) C3?hydrocarbons, b) C6+ hydrocarbons, and c) C4 and C5 hydrocarbons, including C4 and C5 olefins, respectively.

Abstract: A process and a reactor system for the preparation of an olefinic product by reacting an oxygenate feedstock in the presence of an oxygenate conversion catalyst within a reactor system under oxygenate-to-olefin conversion conditions, to obtain the olefinic product, wherein the reactor system has a contact surface coming in contact with oxygenates and wherein at least part of the contact surface is an material of the formula MX wherein: M is a metal and X is C, or M is a metal or Si and X is N.

Abstract: An oxygenate conversion catalyst comprising both a first molecular sieve having one-dimensional 10-membered ring channels, and a second molecular sieve having more-dimensional channels, wherein the second molecular sieve comprises MEL-type aluminosilicate; a process for the preparation of an olefinic product in the presence of the oxygenate conversion catalyst, and a process for the preparation of an oxygenate conversion catalyst.

Abstract: Improved processing of an oxygenate-containing feedstock involving increased or enhanced removal or recovery of carbonyls, particularly, acetaldehyde via either or both application of a more stringent stripping regime or addition of a sulfite-containing material.

Abstract: A process for co-production of renewable diesel fuel range hydrocarbons and gasoline fuel range hydrocarbons from biomass-derived oils and fatty materials (e.g. triglycerides, diglycerides, monoglycerides, and free fatty acids) and biomass-derived polyol (e.g. sorbitol, xylitol, trehalose, sucrose, and sugar alcohol), respectively, in a same refinery hydrotreater with or without co-feeding of diesel fuel range hydrocarbons.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing lower olefinic hydrocarbons by oxidative dehydrogenation of paraffinic lower hydrocarbons. More particularly the present invention provides a process for converting a feedstream comprising a paraffinic lower hydrocarbon and carbon dioxide to a product stream comprising an olefinic lower hydrocarbon and synthesis gas in the presence of the catalyst composition La—Mn/inert support, wherein said catalyst composition comprises 1-10 mass % lanthanum and 1-10 mass % manganese and optionally 0.3-3 mass % alkali metal.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the manufacture of a formulated oxygenate conversion catalyst, the process comprising: —treating with a phosphorus containing compound a first molecular sieve comprising aluminosilicate and a second molecular sieve, different from the first molecular sieve, the second molecular sieve having more-dimensional channels; and—combining the first molecular sieve, the second molecular sieve and a matrix material; wherein the catalyst is not treated with a phosphorus containing compound after combination of the molecular sieves with the matrix material. In a further aspect the invention provides a formulated oxygenate conversion catalyst and a process for the preparation of an olefinic product.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing Lower olefin from the feed of methanol or/and dimethyl ether, characterized in that methanol or/and dimethyl ether are divided proportionally to be fed at 3 reaction zones; and the desired distribution of the olefin product is obtained by modulating the feeding ratio among the 3 reaction zones and the reaction conditions in each reaction zone.

Abstract: A process is described including: contacting solid biomass with a first catalyst stream in a first reaction zone operated at a temperature T1 (from about 250 to about 400° C.), for conversion of a portion of the solid biomass and forming a first gaseous product stream; downwardly passing unconverted biomass to a second reaction zone for contact with a second catalyst stream charged to the second reaction zone operated at a temperature T2, for conversion to form a second gaseous product stream and a spent catalyst; burning coke off the spent catalyst in a regenerator to form a regenerated catalyst; charging a portion of the regenerated catalyst to each of the first and second reaction zones, as the first and second catalyst streams, respectively; upwardly passing the second gaseous product stream to the first reaction zone; and removing both first and second gaseous product streams from the first reaction zone.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for fluid catalytic cracking of oxygenated hydrocarbon compounds such as glycerol and bio-oil. In the process the oxygenated hydrocarbon compounds are contacted with a fluid cracking catalyst material for a period of less than 3 seconds. In a preferred process a crude-oil derived material, such as VGO, is also contacted with the catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for producing, inter alia, olefins from refinery saturated and unsaturated off-gas. Furthermore, said refinery streams are not required to undergo deoxygenation reaction in a separate reactor system provided they are fed to the pyrolysis furnace. The refinery off-gases are treated to produce olefins such as ethylene and propylene. Gases from petrochemical facilities, gas separation plants and similar facilities that produce light gases containing ethane and propane are useful in the present method.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing a cyclic olefin compound having two or more cyclohexene rings per molecule via intramolecular dehydration of an alicyclic alcohol having two or more hydroxylated cyclohexane rings per molecule. The method includes the step (i) of heating the alicyclic alcohol at a temperature of 130° C. to 230° C. and a pressure greater than 20 Torr in an organic solvent in the presence of a dehydration catalyst, to carry out dehydration of the alicyclic alcohol while distilling off by-product water, which dehydration catalyst is liquid or soluble in a liquid reaction mixture under the reaction conditions; and the subsequent step (ii) of heating the resulting reaction mixture at a temperature of 50° C. to 220° C. and a pressure of 200 Torr or less to recover the cyclic olefin compound as a distillate.

Abstract: A method and system for converting waste using plasma into ethylene. The method uses minimal fossil fuel, and therefore produces a minimal carbon footprint when compared to conventional processes. The method includes the steps of supplying a fuel material to a plasma melter; supplying electrical energy to the plasma melter; supplying steam to the plasma melter; extracting a syngas from the plasma melter; extracting hydrogen from the syngas; and forming ethylene from the hydrogen produced in the step of extracting hydrogen.

Abstract: A novel olefin production process is provided which can be established as an industrial and practical process capable of producing olefins by directly reacting a ketone and hydrogen in a single reaction step. In particular, a novel olefin production process is provided in which propylene is obtained with high selectivity by directly reacting acetone and hydrogen. The olefin production process according to the present invention includes reacting a ketone and hydrogen in the presence of at least one dehydration catalyst and a silver-containing catalyst, and the at least one dehydration catalyst is selected from metal oxide catalysts containing a Group 6 element, zeolites, aluminas and heteropoly acid salts in which part or all the protons in heteropoly acids are exchanged with metal cations.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for the preparation of an olefinic product, the process comprising reacting an oxygenate feedstock in the presence of formulated oxygenate conversion catalyst particles to produce the olefinic product, the formulated catalyst particles comprising a combination of at least a molecular sieve having one-dimensional 10-membered ring channels and a matrix wherein a Group II metal species has been added to the catalyst particles after the combination of said molecular sieve and the matrix.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of an olefinic product in the presence of a catalyst comprising an aluminosilicate having one-dimensional 10-membered ring channels and a silica-to-alumina-ratio of less than 170, and at least one Group IB metal at a metal loading of between 0.1 and 10 wt % of the aluminosilicate, the process comprising reacting an oxygenate feedstock under oxygenate conversion conditions to produce a reaction, product comprising ethylene and/or propylene. An oxygenate conversion catalyst is also claimed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for forming olefins from an oxygenate-containing feedstock, comprising contacting the at least partially vaporized feed comprising oxygenates with a first catalyst upstream of an OTO reactor, the first catalyst consisting of a reactive guard bed of metal oxides comprising one or more metals from Groups 2, 3, and 4 of the Periodic Table and/or one or more metals in the Lanthanide and Actinide series, then contacting the feedstock in the OTO reactor with a second catalyst under conditions effective to form an effluent comprising the olefins.

Abstract: This invention relates to a catalyst compound comprising a combination of a cyclic alkyl amino carbene ligand and a benzylidene both attached to a Group 8 metal, preferably ruthenium atom. This invention also relates to a process to make linear alpha-olefins comprising contacting a feed material and an optional alkene (such as ethylene) with the catalyst described above, wherein the feed material is a triacylglyceride, fatty acid, fatty acid alkyl ester, and/or fatty acid ester, typically derived from seed oil (e.g., biodiesel).

Abstract: A riser reactor system comprising a riser reactor and a catalyst feed device for fluidized catalyst, the riser reactor having a riser interior in which catalyst is flowing during normal operation, and the feed device comprising an annular trough surrounding the riser interior, the annular trough having an up-stream opening for receiving fluidized catalyst, and at least one substantially circumferential downstream opening providing fluid communication between the trough and the riser interior; and a process for the preparation of an olefinic product using a riser reactor system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, the process comprising reacting an oxygenate feedstock in the presence of an oxygenate conversion catalyst under oxygenate-to-olefin conversion conditions in the riser reactor system, to obtain the olefinic product.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for preparing liquid fuel and chemical intermediates from biomass-derived oxygenated hydrocarbons. The method includes the steps of reacting in a single reactor an aqueous solution of a biomass-derived, water-soluble oxygenated hydrocarbon reactant, in the presence of a catalyst comprising a metal selected from the group consisting of Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, W, Re, Os, Ir, Pt, and Au, at a temperature, and a pressure, and for a time sufficient to yield a self-separating, three-phase product stream comprising a vapor phase, an organic phase containing linear and/or cyclic mono-oxygenated hydrocarbons, and an aqueous phase.

Abstract: A process for obtaining a metalloaluminophosphate (MeAPO) molecular sieve comprising the following steps in the order given: a). providing an aqueous solution containing sources of at least 2 of the following: Metals (Me), Al and P; b). co-precipitating an amorphous precursor of the molecular sieve from the solution by changing the solution's pH, followed by separating the amorphous precursor from the water, optionally including formulation; c). optionally washing and drying at a temperature below 450° C. of the amorphous precursor; d). contacting the amorphous precursor with a template-containing aqueous solution and with a source of Al, P or Me, which is not already present in step (a) and optionally additional sources of Al and/or P and/or Me; and e). partially crystallising the molecular sieve under autogeneous conditions so that 5 to 90% by weight of the amorphous precursor crystallises.

Abstract: A catalyst return apparatus is disclosed as well as a riser reactor system comprising the conduit apparatus and a riser reactor, the conduit apparatus comprising a catalyst return conduit and at least two flow control devices in series, each flow control device arranged to control the flow of fluid through the conduit, wherein the length of the catalyst return conduit is more than 20 m. A process for reacting a feedstock in a riser reactor system comprising a riser reactor, the catalyst return apparatus and, and a stage vessel, the process comprising: holding a fluid comprising the catalyst in the at least one stage vessel for a residence time of at least 10 seconds.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of an olefinic product, the process comprising reacting an oxygenate feedstock in a reactor in the presence of catalyst comprising an aluminosilicate having one-dimensional 10 membered ring channels, to produce the olefinic product, wherein before reacting the oxygenate feedstock to produce the olefinic product, the acidity of the aluminosilicate has been increased by at least 5% by treating the aluminosilicate with an aqueous solution comprising at least one of a chelating agent and an acid, wherein the increase in acidity is based on the acidity of the aluminosilicate before treatment.

Abstract: The present invention relates to processes for converting a mixed alcohol feedstock, including methanol and a higher alcohol, to olefins such as ethylene, propylene, and the like. In addition, the olefins produced by the oxygenate-to-olefin reaction system can then be used as monomers for a polymerization of olefin-containing polymers and/or oligomers.

Abstract: Process for the production of alkenes from a feedstock comprising monohydric aliphatic paraffinic alcohols having from 2 to 3 carbon atoms, in which the monohydric aliphatic paraffinic alcohols containing 2 to 3 carbon atoms are dehydrated into the corresponding same carbon number alkenes at a pressure of more than 0.5 MPa but less than 4.0 MPa and at a temperature of less than 300° C. The alcohols present in the feedstock comprise ethanol, propanol(s), less than 1 wt % of methanol and less than 1 wt % of C3+ alcohols.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of C5 and/or C6 olefins from a lower olefin, which lower olefin comprises from 2 to 5 carbon atoms, and an oxygenate, which oxygenate comprises at least one oxygen-bonded alkyl group, comprising contacting the lower olefin with the oxygenate, in a molar ratio of oxygen-bonded alkyl group to lower olefin of at least 1:1 in the presence of a MTT-type zeolite.

Abstract: A processing scheme and arrangement for enhanced olefin production involves cooling or treating an olefin cracking reactor effluent stream by contacting the olefin cracking reactor effluent stream with a quench oil stream in a single contact cooler contact zone to produce a cooled vapor stream and to form a heated quench oil stream. A pressure differential across the single contact cooler is less than about 3.5 kPa. The heated quench oil stream can be subsequently cooled and returned to the single contact cooler.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for reforming organics into shorter-chain unsaturated organic compounds. A molten metal bath is provided which can cause homolytic cleavage of an organic component of an organic-containing feed. The feed is directed into the molten metal bath at a rate which causes partial homolytic cleavage of an organic component of the feed. Conditions are established and maintained in the reactor to cause partial homolytic cleavage of the organic component to produce unsaturated organic compounds, as products of the homolytic cleavage, which are discharged from the molten metal bath.