Abstract: A non-stoichiometric perovskite oxide having the general chemical formula LaXMnOY, in which the molar ratio of lanthanum to manganese (“X”) ranges from 0.85 to 0.95, can be used in particle form as an oxidation catalyst to oxidize NO to NO2 in an exhaust aftertreatment system for a hydrocarbon-fueled engine. The oxygen content (“Y”) fluctuates with variations in the molar ratio of lanthanum to manganese but generally falls somewhere in the range of 3.0 to 3.30. The crystal lattice adjustments spurred by the non-stoichiometric molar ratio of lanthanum to manganese are believed responsible for an enhanced NO oxidative activity relative to similar perovskite oxides with a higher molar ratio of lanthanum and manganese.

Abstract: A method of heating an engine exhaust gas of an engine, including flowing a first exhaust gas at a first temperature within and along internal flow channels of a catalyst brick, and flowing a second exhaust gas at a second, different, temperature around an exterior of the catalyst brick. Heat may be transferred between the gases and the catalyst brick to achieve various operations.

Abstract: A method for adapting a lean NOx trap (LNT) in an exhaust system of a motor vehicle is provided. The method comprises if a difference between an estimated NOx concentration and a measured NOx concentration in exhaust downstream of the LNT is greater than a threshold, calculating an adaptation value, the estimated NOx concentration downstream of the LNT based on a kinetic model, and adapting the kinetic model, adjusting one or more operating parameters of the LNT, and indicating an aging state of the LNT based on the adaptation value. In this way, the model may be updated in real time to produce a robust prediction of LNT function.

Abstract: An exhaust gas treatment system for an internal combustion engine comprises an exhaust gas conduit in fluid communication with the internal combustion engine to conduct the exhaust gas between a plurality of exhaust treatment devices. A hydrocarbon injector in fluid communication with the exhaust gas delivers hydrocarbon thereto. A selective catalyst reduction device is disposed downstream of the hydrocarbon injector and is configured to receive and mix the hydrocarbon and exhaust gas and to reduce components of NOx therein. An oxidation catalyst device is disposed in fluid communication with the exhaust gas conduit downstream of the selective catalyst reduction device and is configured to oxidize exhaust gas and hydrocarbon mixture to raise the temperature of the exhaust gas. A particulate filter assembly is located downstream of the oxidation catalyst device for receipt of the heated exhaust gas, and combustion of carbon and particulates collected in the exhaust gas filter.

Abstract: Some implementations of a system for controlling an internal combustion engine (e.g., a natural gas fired internal combustion engine or another type of engine) can include an air-fuel ratio controller that is configured to monitor sensor feedback from an exhaust path and to thereafter automatically adjust the air-fuel mixture. The system can be employed in particular methods to control emissions from the engine, for example, by reducing pollutants emitted as components of the exhaust from the engine.

Abstract: One or more aftertreatment bricks are axially inserted through an opening in the first end of a tubular sleeve of an aftertreatment system. The aftertreatment brick includes a substrate matrix and a mantle disposed around the substrate matrix. The mantle further includes a lip arranged to extend through the opening of the sleeve. One or more channel pockets are secured proximate to the opening of the sleeve and oriented radially outward with respect to the sleeve axis. To retain the aftertreatment brick in the sleeve, a clamping assembly is used that includes a hook, a fastener, and a capture nut. The capture nut is installed and accommodated in the channel pockets. The hook engages the protruding lip of the aftertreatment brick and the fastener secures the hook to the capture nut received in the channel pocket.

Abstract: An exhaust treatment apparatus for an engine including a combustible gas supplying passage; a heat releasing port opened in an upstream side in the exhaust passage from the oxidation catalyst and in a downstream side in the combustible gas supplying passage, the exhaust passage and the combustible gas supplying passage communicating with each other through the heat releasing port; an ignition apparatus beneath the heat releasing port, the heat of flaming combustion of combustible gas ignited by the ignition apparatus being supplied to the exhaust passage to raise the temperature of exhaust in the exhaust passage; a flame holding plate in a downstream side in the combustible gas supplying passage from the ignition apparatus, an exhaust guiding plate at the top portion of the flame holding plate, the exhaust guiding plate having an upward slope toward a downstream side in the exhaust passage.

Abstract: An apparatus for treating exhaust includes a housing having an inlet and an outlet, the housing defining a chamber. The inlet is in fluid communication with a source of exhaust. A mixing tube is connected to the inlet. The mixing tube has at least two branches and a plurality of apertures defined in a wall of the mixing tube. A substrate is disposed between the mixing tube and the outlet. The at least two branches converge at an end section of the mixing tube to form a mixing loop.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a sensor module includes a sensor probe that has at least two arms coupled together at a central location with each of the at least two arms extending radially outwardly away from the central location. Each of the at least two arms includes one of a plurality of openings and an elongate opening extending radially along the arm. The at least two arms define fluid flow channels therein. The sensor module also includes at least one extractor coupled to the probe. The at least one extractor includes a fluid flow channel that is communicable in fluid receiving communication with fluid flowing through the fluid flow channel of at least one of the at least two arms. Further, the sensor module includes at least one sensor that is communicable in fluid sensing communication with fluid flowing through the at least one extractor.

Abstract: A method and to a device for the regeneration of a particle filter arranged in the exhaust gas tract of an internal combustion engine with at least one NO oxidation catalyst for the oxidation of NO, especially to NO2, which is arranged upstream of the particle filter and through which an exhaust gas stream flows. At least one heater, especially a heating catalyst, through which another gas stream, i.e., a second exhaust gas stream, flows and which heats the additional gas steam, is provided upstream of the particle filter. The heated additional gas stream is mixed upstream of the particle filter with the exhaust gas stream coming from the NO oxidation catalyst, i.e., the gas stream loaded in particular with NO2.

Abstract: An aftertreatment system is disclosed. The aftertreatment system can include a hydrolysis catalyst disposed within a first canister adjacent to a downstream end of the first canister and a nozzle positioned to inject reductant into the first canister upstream of the hydrolysis catalyst. A particulate collection device, which may be catalyzed to promote NOX reduction in the presence of the reductant, can be disposed within a second canister of the aftertreatment system adjacent to an upstream end thereof. An exhaust conduit can extend from the downstream end of the first canister to the upstream end of the second canister. An interior volume within the exhaust conduit can extend from an upstream end adjacent to and in fluid communication with the hydrolysis catalyst to a downstream end adjacent to and in fluid communication with the particulate collection device.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for expediting catalyst heating and generating vacuum by controlling an EBV to direct exhaust through an ejector arranged in parallel with the EBV. A position of the EBV may be controlled to achieve a desired exhaust backpressure for current engine operating conditions and stored vacuum level. Compensation for the effect of EBV position on engine airflow may be provided by adjustment of other parameters such as intake throttle position and spark timing.

Abstract: A method and system for controlling a temperature of an exhaust gas being introduced to a catalyst is provided. Using an adjustable flow controller, an adjustable amount of tempering fluid is provided to the exhaust gas prior to the exhaust gas proceeding to the catalyst. A sensor senses a parameter indicative of a temperature of the exhaust gas being introduced to the catalyst. A computer processor uses a relationship to relate the parameter to an adjustment of the adjustable flow controller that will adjust the amount of tempering fluid provided to the exhaust gas and change the temperature of the exhaust gas being introduced to the catalyst toward a target temperature. Adjustment of the adjustable flow controller is initiated by the computer processor to change the flow of the tempering fluid, and the relationship between the parameter and the adjustment of the adjustable flow controller is updated.

Abstract: The invention relates to a catalyst for removal of nitrogen oxides from the exhaust gas of diesel engines, and to a process for reducing the level of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas of diesel engines. The catalyst consists of a support body of length L and of a catalytically active coating which in turn may be formed from one or more material zones. The material zones comprise a copper-containing zeolite or a zeolite-like compound. The materials used include chabazite, SAPO-34, ALPO-34 and zeolite ?. In addition, the material zones comprise at least one compound selected from the group consisting of barium oxide, barium hydroxide, barium carbonate, strontium oxide, strontium hydroxide, strontium carbonate, praseodymium oxide, lanthanum oxide, magnesium oxide, magnesium/aluminum mixed oxide, alkali metal oxide, alkali metal hydroxide, alkali metal carbonate and mixtures thereof. Noble metal may optionally also be present in the catalyst.

Abstract: Systems and method for adjusting a cone angle of injected reductant directed into an engine exhaust upstream of a catalytic device based on the temperature distribution within the catalytic device are disclosed. In one particular example, a dosing unit comprising an adjustable piston is described whose adjustment further controls the distribution and amount of reaction fluid delivered therefrom. In this way, the fluid flow shape may be controlled to achieve a more optimal exhaust gas conversion based on the prevailing conditions within the exhaust gas system.

Abstract: A method of using a catalyst comprises exposing a catalyst to at least one reactant in a chemical process. The catalyst comprises copper and a small pore molecular sieve having a maximum ring size of eight tetrahedral atoms. The chemical process undergoes at least one period of exposure to a reducing atmosphere. The catalyst has an initial activity and the catalyst has a final activity after the at least one period of exposure to the reducing atmosphere. The final activity is within 30% of the initial activity at a temperature between 200 and 500° C.

Abstract: An extruded honeycomb catalyst for nitrogen oxide reduction according to the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) method in exhaust gases from motor vehicles includes an extruded active carrier in honeycomb form having a first SCR catalytically active component and with a plurality of channels through which the exhaust gas flows during operation, and a washcoat coating having a second SCR catalytically active component being applied to the extruded body, wherein the first SCR catalytically active component and the second SCR catalytically active component are each independently one of: (i) vanadium catalyst with vanadium as catalytically active component; (ii) mixed-oxide catalyst with one or more oxides, in particular those of transition metals or lanthanides as catalytically active component; and (iii) an Fe- or a Cu-zeolite catalyst.

Abstract: A method for converting soot particles of an exhaust gas includes providing at least nitrogen dioxide or oxygen in the exhaust gas, ionizing soot particles with an electric field, depositing electrically charged soot particles on inner channel walls of at least one surface precipitator, and bringing at least nitrogen dioxide or oxygen into contact with the deposited soot particles on the inner channel walls of the at least one surface precipitator. A device for carrying out the method includes at least one surface precipitator having a plurality of channels through which the exhaust gas can flow and extending between an inlet region and an outlet region, and at least one deposit inhibitor for electrically charged soot particles provided in at least part of the inlet region, especially allowing the soot particles to be evenly deposited and the surface precipitator to be continuously regenerated.

Abstract: An aftertreatment module for use with an engine is disclosed. The aftertreatment module may include a housing having an inlet configured to direct exhaust in a first flow direction into the aftertreatment module, and an outlet configured to direct exhaust in the first flow direction out of the aftertreatment module. The aftertreatment module may also include a catalyst bank separating the inlet from the outlet. The catalyst bank may have a face disposed at an oblique angle with respect to the first flow direction. The oblique angle may create an inlet passage extending from the inlet to the catalyst bank and having a decreasing cross-sectional area, and an outlet passage extending from the catalyst bank to the outlet and having an increasing cross-sectional area.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purification device with a first exhaust pipe section for leading exhaust gas discharged from an engine, a second exhaust pipe section having in a side section on an upstream side thereof an opening section for introducing exhaust gas from the first exhaust pipe section, the second exhaust pipe section being connected at a side section thereof to the first exhaust pipe section so that flow of exhaust gas therein becomes a swirl flow and having provided on a downstream side thereof a post-processing device, and a reduction agent supply device provided at an upstream end of the second exhaust pipe section. The opening section is formed so as to include at least a first tilted side extending in a direction tilted relative to an axis of the second exhaust pipe section.

Abstract: An exhaust aftertreatment system has a side inlet flow diffuser and provides even flow exhaust distribution to an aftertreatment element.

Abstract: A system for controlling regeneration in an after-treatment component comprises a feedback module, an error module, a gain module, and a regeneration control module. The feedback module is configured for determining a rate of change of the value of a controlled parameter. The error module is in communication with the feedback module and is configured for determining a value of an error term by subtracting a value of a target parameter from the value of the controlled parameter. The gain module is configured for determining a value of a proportional gain factor by raising a mathematical constant “e” to the negative power of the value of a tuned gain exponent and for determining a value of a derivative gain factor by multiplying the value of the proportional gain factor by a tuning factor. The regeneration control module is configured for determining a value of a rational control increment.

Abstract: An engine control system includes a dosing control module and an offset determination module. The dosing control module actuates an injector to inject a first amount of reducing agent into exhaust gas produced by an engine during a period when a temperature of the exhaust gas is greater than a predetermined temperature threshold. The offset determination module determines an efficiency of a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) material based on measured amounts of nitrogen oxide (NOx) during the period and expected NOx amounts, wherein the measured amounts of NOx are measured at locations upstream and downstream from the SCR material, and wherein the expected NOx amounts are based on the temperature of the exhaust gas and the first amount of reducing agent.

Abstract: An emission control catalyst composition comprising a supported bimetallic catalyst consisting of gold and a metal selected from the group consisting of platinum, rhodium, ruthenium, copper and nickel is disclosed. Also disclosed is a catalytic convertor comprising a substrate monolith coated with the emission control catalyst composition and a lean burn internal combustion engine exhaust gas emission treatment system comprising the catalytic convertor. A variety of processes for preparing the catalyst composition are claimed.

Abstract: A trough filter integrated with a thermoelectric generator includes annular filter modules having a support structure at its inner circumference, a filter element, and a support structure at its outer circumference. The filter elements may be configured to form troughs. An annular exhaust gas outlet channel or gas inlet channel may be formed between filter modules. The thermoelectric generator may be positioned in the exhaust gas outlet or inlet channel. A vehicle includes the trough filter integrated with a thermoelectric generator downstream from an internal combustion engine. A method of treating exhaust gas uses a trough filter with an integrated thermoelectric generator.

Abstract: The selective reduction-type catalyst effectively purifies nitrogen oxides contained in exhaust gas from a lean-burn engine such as a boiler, a gas turbine or a lean-burn engine, a diesel engine, even under high SV, as well as having small pressure loss, by supplying by spraying urea water or ammonia water, as a reducing component, to the selective reduction-type catalyst; and an exhaust gas purification apparatus along with an exhaust gas purification method using the same. The selective reduction-type catalyst for selectively reducing a nitrogen oxide by adding urea or ammonia as a reducing agent of the nitrogen oxide to exhaust gas discharged from a lean-burn engine, characterized by coating a catalyst layer including zeolite containing at least an iron element, and a composite oxide of silica, tungsten oxide, ceria and zirconia, as denitration components, at the surface of a monolithic structure-type substrate.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for a layered emission control device coupled to an exhaust manifold. Various formulations may be incorporated in a plurality of layers of the device to enable various emission control functions to be grouped within spatial constraints. For example, a first layer may include a first, oxidizing catalyst, a second layer may include a HC trap, and a third layer may include a second, different oxidizing catalyst, the second layer positioned between the first and third layers. The layers may be organized to reduce functional interference and improve functional synergy between the various emission control functions.

Abstract: A catalysed soot filter comprising an oxidation catalyst for treating carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbons (HCs) in exhaust gas from a compression ignition engine disposed on a filtering substrate, wherein the oxidation catalyst comprises: a platinum group metal (PGM) component selected from the group consisting of a platinum (Pt) component, a palladium (Pd) component and a combination thereof; an alkaline earth metal component; a support material comprising a modified alumina incorporating a heteroatom component.

Abstract: A method is described for treating a gas including nitrogen oxides (NOx). The method can include conducting a reduction reaction of the nitrogen oxides with a nitrogen reducing agent. Further described, is a catalyst used for the reduction reaction which is a catalytic system including a composition based on cerium oxide and including niobium oxide in a proportion by a mass of from 2% to 20%.

Abstract: A bypass HC—NOx system includes a NOx conversion control module that generates a signal indicating whether a close coupled catalyst is active. The system further includes a bypass valve control module that, in response to the signal, opens a bypass valve located in an active HC—NOx adsorber assembly to purge hydrocarbons from an HC adsorber, wherein the bypass valve is located upstream from the HC adsorber and a NOx adsorber. The bypass valve control module also determines a temperature of a three way catalyst and closes the bypass valve to purge nitrogen dioxide from the NOx adsorber if the temperature of the three way catalyst is greater than a predetermined temperature threshold.

Abstract: Described is a nitrogen oxide storage catalyst comprising: a substrate; a first washcoat layer provided on the substrate, the first washcoat layer comprising a nitrogen oxide storage material, a second washcoat layer provided on the first washcoat layer, the second washcoat layer comprising a hydrocarbon trap material, wherein the hydrocarbon trap material comprises substantially no element or compound in a state in which it is capable of catalyzing selective catalytic reduction, preferably wherein the hydrocarbon trap material comprises substantially no element or compound in a state in which it is capable of catalyzing a reaction wherein nitrogen oxide is reduced to N2, said catalyst further comprising a nitrogen oxide conversion material which is either comprised in the second washcoat layer and/or in a washcoat layer provided between the first washcoat layer and the second washcoat layer.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is that after return from fuel cut, an oxygen storage amount in a catalyst in an exhaust path and an oxygen storage amount in a catalyst in an exhaust gas recirculating path are promptly adjusted to be in appropriate states, respectively. A control apparatus for an internal combustion engine of the present invention controls the internal combustion engine including a recirculating gas generating cylinder and a recirculating gas nongenerating cylinder. The control apparatus includes: an exhaust gas recirculating path for connecting the exhaust path through which exhaust gas only in the recirculating gas generating cylinder is delivered and an intake system; a recirculating catalyst provided on the exhaust gas recirculating path; and rich control means that performs rich control for controlling an air-fuel ratio to be temporarily richer than a theoretical air-fuel ratio when fuel injection is restarted after return from the fuel cut.

Abstract: An exhaust aftertreatment system for treating an exhaust gas feedstream of an internal combustion engine includes a catalytic converter, a fluidic circuit and a Stirling engine. The Stirling engine is configured to transform thermal energy from a working fluid heat exchanger to mechanical power that is transferable to an electric motor/generator to generate electric power. The Stirling engine is configured to transform mechanical power from the electric motor/generator to thermal energy transferable to the working fluid heat exchanger.

Abstract: System to reduce the amount of NOx in exhaust gases of a vehicle. The system includes a storage space 1 containing an agent, a SCR catalytic converter 5, an injection module 6c to inject the agent upstream of the converter, a heat exchanger 2 containing a porous matrix, a shutter or injector 11 to control the flow rate of the agent to the exchanger, a valve 12 between the storage space and exchanger, to transfer thermal energy to gases during the starting period. The shutter or injector controls the flow of agent into the exchanger during the starting period to raise its temperature, and is closed when gases have reached a certain temperature. The valve regulates exchanger pressure during a period at operating temperature and conveys the agent to storage space when the exchanger pressure is higher than storage space pressure.

Abstract: An oscillation signal is generated to oscillate the air-fuel ratio with a set frequency which is different from a 0.5th-order frequency (half of the frequency corresponding to a rotational speed of the engine). Air-fuel ratio perturbation control is performed to oscillate the air-fuel ratio according to the oscillation signal. An intensity of the 0.5th-order frequency component and the set frequency component contained in the detected air-fuel ratio signal are calculated. A determination parameter applied to determining an imbalance degree of air-fuel ratios corresponding to the plurality of cylinders is calculated according to the two intensities and determines an imbalance failure that the imbalance degree of the air-fuel ratios exceeds an acceptable limit. A predicted imbalance value, indicative of a predicted value of the imbalance degree, is calculated, and an amplitude of the oscillation signal is set according to the predicted imbalance value.

Abstract: Device for the purification of exhaust gases from a thermal combustion engine comprising: one or several ceramic catalyst carriers comprising an arrangement of crystallites of the same size, same isodiametric morphology and same chemical composition, or approximately the same size, same isodiametric morphology and same chemical composition in which each crystallite is in point or quasi-point contact with the surrounding crystallites, and one or several active phases for chemical destruction of impurities in the exhaust gas comprising metallic particles mechanically anchored in said catalyst carrier such that coalescence and mobility of each particle are limited to a maximum volume corresponding to the volume of a crystallite of said ceramic catalyst carrier.

Abstract: An exhaust diagnostic control system comprises a test enabling module, an exhaust gas temperature management module in communication with the test enabling module, and a component management module configured for executing a test for determining a reduction efficiency associated with the after-treatment component. The test enabling module is configured for assessing a reliability of an estimated level of reductant load on an after-treatment component, and, based on the reliability, selectively facilitating disablement of a subsequent test for determining an efficiency of NOx reduction in the after-treatment component. The exhaust gas temperature management module is configured for selectively adjusting a temperature of the after-treatment component to a predetermined temperature range using intrusive exhaust gas temperature management. The test for determining reduction efficiency comprises determining a NOx reduction efficiency of the after-treatment component.

Abstract: A method for predicting sulfur oxides (SOx) stored at a denitrification (DeNOx) catalyst may include calculations of the mass flow of SOx poisoned at the DeNOx catalyst, the mass flow of SOx released from the DeNOx catalyst, and the SOx amount poisoned at the DeNOx catalyst by integrating the value obtained by subtracting the released mass flow of SOx from the poisoned mass flow of SOx. An exhaust system using the method may comprise an engine having a first injector, an exhaust pipe, a second injector mounted at the exhaust pipe and injecting a reducing agent, a DeNOx catalyst mounted at the exhaust pipe and reducing SOx or nitrogen oxides (NOx) or both contained in the exhaust gas by using the reducing agent, and a control portion electrically connected to the system and performing the calculations and controls.

Abstract: Catalytic articles, systems and methods for treating exhaust gas streams are described. A catalytic article comprising a wall flow filter having gas permeable walls, a hydrolysis catalyst, an optional soot oxidation catalyst, a selective catalytic reduction catalyst permeating the walls, an ammonia oxidation catalyst and an oxidation catalyst to oxidize CO and hydrocarbons is described. Methods of treating exhaust gas streams comprising soot, an ammonia precursor such as urea, ammonia, NOx, CO and hydrocarbons are also provided.

Abstract: A catalyst overheat prevention apparatus has a temperature obtaining portion that estimates a convergence temperature of a catalyst provided in the exhaust system of an internal combustion engine and the present temperature of the catalyst. The catalyst overheat prevention apparatus also has a fuel increment calculation portion, a comparison portion, a correction portion, and a fuel increment setting portion, which are used to execute OT fuel increase control when the convergence temperature and present catalyst temperature obtained by the temperature obtaining portion are equal to or higher than an OT determination temperature. The catalyst overheat prevention apparatus also has a present temperature correction portion that corrects the present catalyst temperature to be equal to the OT determination temperature when the present catalyst temperature is equal to or higher than the OT determination temperature and the convergence temperature is equal to the OT determination temperature.

Abstract: An exhaust gas treatment device includes at least a housing and a second exhaust gas treatment unit which is disposed at a distance from the housing and extends into the housing. The housing has an opening that is disposed laterally relative to the second exhaust gas treatment unit and extends laterally at least across 50% of the second exhaust gas treatment unit which extends into the housing. A motor vehicle having the exhaust gas treatment device is also provided.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for reducing emissions of particulates from diesel engines. Exhaust is passed through a diesel particular filter having at least two stages comprised of (a) a catalyst section having a platinum group metal catalyst on contact surfaces within the catalyst section and (b) a filter section comprised of passages effective to remove particulates from a moving stream of combustion gases generated by combusting the fuel in the engine and holding them therein to permit their oxidation. Carbon removal is enhanced by utilizing levels of platinum group metal composition, cerium compositions, fuels and/or optional chemical enhancers to generate NO2 in the catalyst section in amounts sufficient to form cerium nitrates in the filter section. The cerium oxide is associated with and maintains dispersion of the platinum in the filter section, and the cerium nitrates are available at the surface and within the soot particles to provide enhanced soot oxidation at a lower balance point.

Abstract: A method for monitoring a hydrocarbon-selective catalytic reactor device of an exhaust aftertreatment system of an internal combustion engine operating lean of stoichiometry includes injecting a reductant into an exhaust gas feedstream upstream of the hydrocarbon-selective catalytic reactor device at a predetermined mass flowrate of the reductant, and determining a space velocity associated with a predetermined forward portion of the hydrocarbon-selective catalytic reactor device. When the space velocity exceeds a predetermined threshold space velocity, a temperature differential across the predetermined forward portion of the hydrocarbon-selective catalytic reactor device is determined, and a threshold temperature as a function of the space velocity and the mass flowrate of the reductant is determined.

Abstract: An upper catalyst layer of an upstream catalyst 3 and a downstream catalyst 5 includes an oxygen storage/release material in/on which a catalytic metal is included or loaded. The content of the oxygen storage/release material per 1 L of a substrate in the catalyst layer of the upstream catalyst 3 is larger than that in the catalyst layer of the downstream catalyst 5. The oxygen release amount per a unit amount of the Rh is larger than that for the upper catalyst layer of the upstream catalyst 5. At least part of the oxygen storage/release material included in the downstream catalyst shows a particle size distribution having a peak particle size smaller than that in the upstream catalyst 5.

Abstract: In an exemplary embodiment of the invention an exhaust gas after treatment system for an internal combustion engine comprises an exhaust gas conduit configured to transport exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine to exhaust treatment devices of the exhaust gas treatment system. A controller in signal communication with the exhaust gas aftertreatment system is configured to monitor the temperature of a selective catalytic reduction device, wherein the controller is operable to move a valve assembly to an open position when the selective catalytic reduction device is at or above an operating temperature and to move the valve assembly to a closed position when the selective catalytic reduction device is below the operating temperature for entrainment of NOx constituents from the exhaust gas.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed, including an exhaust conditions module structured to interpret a diesel particulate filter (DPF) delta pressure value, a flow balance correlation, a NOx input value, and an exhaust flow rate value. A flow determination module is structured to determine a flow imbalance value in response to the DPF delta pressure value, the flow balance correlation, and the exhaust flow rate value. A reductant determination module is structured to determine a first reductant injection command and a second reductant injection command in response to the flow imbalance value and the NOx input value.

Abstract: Various systems and methods are described for operating an engine system having a sensor coupled to an exhaust gas recirculation system in a motor vehicle. One example method comprises during a first operating condition, directing at least some exhaust gas from an exhaust of the engine through the exhaust gas recirculation system and past the sensor to an intake of the engine and, during a second operating condition, directing at least some fresh air through the exhaust gas recirculation system and past the sensor.

Abstract: In an internal combustion engine, an upstream side air-fuel ratio sensor (23), hydrocarbon feed valve (15), exhaust purification catalyst (13), and the downstream side air-fuel ratio sensor (24) are arranged in an engine exhaust passage in that order from the upstream side. If hydrocarbons are fed from the hydrocarbon feed valve (15), the air-fuel ratio which is detected by the downstream side air-fuel ratio sensor (24) changes to the rich side from the reference air-fuel ratio which is detected when hydrocarbons are not fed from the hydrocarbon feed valve (15). The amount of hydrocarbons which are fed from the hydrocarbon feed valve (15) and which slip through the exhaust purification catalyst (13) is detected from the air-fuel ratio difference between the air-fuel ratio detected by the upstream side air-fuel ratio sensor (23) and the reference air-fuel ratio detected by the downstream side air-fuel ratio sensor (24).

Abstract: A hybrid vehicle equipped with an internal combustion engine and a motor-generator for running the vehicle, includes: a power storage device to be supplied to the motor-generator; a current leakage detection circuit detecting a decrease in insulation resistance, the current leakage detection circuit being electrically connected to a negative electrode of the power storage device; an electrical heated catalyst device; and a power supply device that converts electric power from the power storage device into energization power of the electrical heated catalyst device by a power conversion path passing through an insulating mechanism. The power supply device includes a switching device. The switching device is opened when the electrical heated catalyst device is energized, and is closed when the decrease in insulation resistance of the electrical heated catalyst device is detected.

Abstract: An engaging groove (47) with which a gasket (42) is engaged is provided in each of a front side projecting portion (44) and a rear side projecting portion (46) formed in a filter accommodating cylinder (37) to be positioned on an outer peripheral surface (44A, 46A) of each projecting portion (44, 46). Therefore, when the gasket (42) latches on each of the projecting portion (44; 46) to be fitted thereon from an outside, the gasket (42) can be engaged with the engaging groove (47) provided in each of the projecting portions (44, 46). In consequence, at the time of mounting and removing the filter accommodating cylinder (37), the falling-off of the gasket (42) can be prevented, and, for example, an inspection operation, a cleaning operation and the like of an accommodated particulate matter removing filter (41) can be easily performed.