Abstract: An optical test system and corresponding method disclosed herein provides highly accurate test data for both sides of a lens simultaneously and efficiently to analyze the surface topography and/or geometric parameters of a lens or lens system. More particularly, the optical test system and corresponding method moves the lens in test plane to align a plurality of points of a test pattern on a lens surface with a vertical axis while probes aligned with the vertical axis and on opposing sides of the lens simultaneously collect wavelength-specific data for both lens surfaces. The optical test system uses the collected wavelength-specific data to produce a surface topography and/or the associated lens geometric parameters for each lens surface.

Abstract: A noninvasive optical sensor for analyzing a level of a substance in a subject by illuminating a sclera may include at least one light source, at least one detector, and a processor. The at least one light source may direct incident light to illuminate a region of the sclera of an eye of the subject. The at least one detector may receive light, in response to the incident light, from the sclera or from inside the eye proximal to the illuminated region of the sclera. The processor may be configured to compute a ratio of an intensity of the received light from the at least one detector to a reference value and to estimate a level of a substance in the subject from the computed ratio.

Abstract: An optical device can include: an incident light polarizer positioned to receive incident light and configured to polarize incident light such that polarized incident light is directed to a cornea of a subject; at least one corneal light polarizer, wherein the at least one corneal light polarizer is positioned to receive reflected light from the cornea of the subject and polarize the reflected light to a second polarization; at least one rotating mechanism; and at least one receiver. The receiver can be at least one viewing port optically coupled with the at least one corneal light polarizer or an imaging device (e.g., optical detector). The at least one rotating mechanism is: coupled with the incident light polarizer; coupled with the at least one corneal light polarizer; or coupled with the incident light polarizer and the at least one corneal light polarizer.

Abstract: Techniques related to temporary setpoint values are disclosed. The techniques may involve causing operation of a fluid delivery device in a first mode for automatically delivering fluid to a patient based on a first target glucose value. Additionally, the techniques may involve obtaining a second target glucose value. The second target glucose value may be a temporary target glucose value to be used for a specified period of time to regulate fluid delivery to the patient, and the second target glucose value may be greater than the first target glucose value. The techniques may further involve causing, based on obtaining the second target glucose value, operation of the fluid delivery device in a second mode for automatically delivering fluid to the patient. The second mode may be for reduced fluid delivery during the specified period of time.

Abstract: The invention refers to a device for inhibiting the neural activity of a carotid sinus nerve (CSN) or carotid body of a subject, the device comprising: one or more transducers configured to apply a signal to the CSN or associated carotid body of the subject, optionally at least two such transducers; and a controller coupled to the one or more transducers, the controller controlling the signal to be applied by the one or more transducers, such that the signal inhibits the neural activity of the CSN or carotid body to produce a physiological response in the subject, wherein the physiological response is one or more of the group consisting of: an increase in insulin sensitivity in the subject, an increase in glucose tolerance in the subject, a decrease in (fasting) plasma glucose concentration in the subject, a reduction in subcutaneous fat content in the subject, and a reduction in obesity in the subject.

Abstract: Various embodiments of a user-wearable device can comprise a frame configured to mount on a user. The device can include a display attached to the frame and configured to direct virtual images to an eye of the user. The device can also include a light source configured to provide polarized light to the eye of the user and that the polarized light is configured to reflect from the eye of the user. The device can further include a light analyzer configured to determine a polarization angle rotation of the reflected light from the eye of the user such that a glucose level of the user can be determined based at least in part on the polarization angle rotation of the reflected light.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for treating a subject having a disease or disorder comprising stimulating a nerve of the subject with a corrective stimulus pattern derived from a disease-specific, condition-specific, endogenous mediator-specific or pharmacologic agent-specific neurogram in an amount and manner effective to treat the disease or disorder.

Abstract: Systems and methods for monitoring an operational state and/or a fill status of a drug container of a drug delivery device are provided. The drug container can hold a liquid drug. A plunger can be positioned within the drug container. A drive system can advance the plunger to expel the liquid drug from the container. A monitoring system can detect a movement and/or a position of the plunger and/or any component coupled to the plunger. The detection can enable determination of an amount of liquid drug that has been expelled and/or an amount of liquid drug remaining in the drug container. Dosing rates, flow rates, and dosage completion can also be determined.

Abstract: An apparatus for estimating blood concentration may include an optical sensor configured to emit light towards a skin surface of a user, and detect an optical signal reflected by the skin surface of the user, and a processor configured to select an interval-specific blood concentration estimation model, from among a plurality of interval-specific blood concentration estimation models, based on an interval selection indicator and estimate a blood concentration change or a blood concentration of an analyte using the selected interval-specific blood concentration estimation model and the detected optical signal.

Abstract: A material, article, system and method include a probe composition that includes a hydrophobic portion, a hydrophilic portion, an analyte-binding portion and a fluorophore portion. The analyte-binding portion is configured to bind to an analyte in an aqueous solution. The fluorophore portion is configured to change an optical property of fluorescent light emitted in response to incident excitation light when the probe composition changes between a first state in which the analyte is not bound to the analyte-binding portion and a second state in which the analyte binds to the analyte-binding portion. A material includes the probe composition and a silicone hydrogel substrate having a hydrogel network that allows flow of aqueous solution through the solution and a silicone network that occupies interstices of the hydrogel network. A contact lens having the material enables remote detection of glucose concentration in tear fluid of a subject.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an ophthalmic lens which efficiently absorbs light rays comprising a composition derived from a monomer or oligomer, a catalyst, at least one light-absorbing additive contained in nanoparticles which are dispersed in said monomer or oligomer.

Abstract: Systems comprising: an analyte sensor for providing an analyte signal representative of an analyte level; a controller in data communication with the analyte sensor and programmed to provide a recommended medication dose based on the analyte level and a medication type, the controller comprising a user interface for inputting the medication type; and a model-based safety mechanism integrated with the controller for evaluating the recommended medication dose. Wherein the model-based safety mechanism overrides the recommended medication dose and provides a safety medication dose when the model-based safety mechanism detects a risk of insulin deprivation.

Abstract: A tear collection device comprises: a body attached to an eyeball; a tear inlet for allowing tear to flow into the body; a storing space formed inside the body and capable of storing the tears having flowed into the body; and a pump forming a pressure difference inside the body such that tears flow into the body through the tear inlet, wherein the pump is driven by using, as power, eye blinking movements of a wearer so as to form the pressure difference inside the body, thereby allowing the tears to flow into the body.

Abstract: An optical measurement apparatus for an eyeball includes a light emitter, a light receiver, a detector, and a controller. The light emitter emits light such that the light passes across an eyeball of a subject. The light receiver receives the light that has transmitted through the eyeball. The detector detects a direction of the eyeball. The controller performs control such that the light emitter starts emitting light having an intensity used in measurement or the light emitter increases an intensity of light emitted by the light emitter to the intensity used in measurement in a case where the direction of the eyeball detected by the detector is in a predetermined range.

Abstract: A method for monitoring glucose concentration in aqueous humor can include inserting an implantable device into an eye and determining glucose concentration as a function of glucose sensed at the implantable device. The method can optionally include optically detecting glucose concentration as a function of polarimetry and/or fluorescence. A system for monitoring glucose concentration can include devices described herein.

Abstract: A contact lens includes a glucose sensor which can determine when a detectable concentration of glucose is present in the optical fluids of the user. The glucose sensor can transition between a first state and a second state relative to the concentration of glucose within the optical fluid of the user. The glucose sensor can be bonded or otherwise attached or incorporated into the contact lens. While the contact lens is worn in the user's eye, either the user or another person can view the contact lens to quickly determine if an excessive amount of glucose is present in the user's system.

Abstract: A physical parameter estimating method, a physical parameter estimating device, and electronic apparatus are disclosed. The method includes: reading a Newton's rings fringe pattern of a unit to be measured; calculating a magnitude spectrum of an intensity distribution signal of at least one first-direction pixel set in the Newton's rings fringe pattern under each fractional Fourier transform (FRFT) order in a searching range of FRFT orders; determining a matched order of the intensity distribution signal according to the calculated magnitude spectrums; and estimating a physical parameter involved in the interferometric measurement according to at least the matched order. Therefore, physical parameters of the unit to be measured can be estimated with high accuracy even in presence of noise and obstacles in the fringe pattern.

Abstract: Cognitive function testing. At least some of example embodiments are methods including performing a cognitive function test on a patient without calibrating pupil position of the patient. The performing may include: causing a visual cue on a computer screen in front of the patient to move in a predetermined pattern; reading frames from an eye camera that captures images of an eye of the patient while the visual cue moves on the computer screen and the patient visually tracks the visual cue; determining pupil position within the frames; correcting offsets between the stimulus data and the pupil position data; translating the pupil position data from a coordinate space of the eye camera to a coordinate space of the stimulus data; and generating a test score being the cumulative distance between the stimulus data and pupil position data for each corresponding point in time.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for providing data processing and control for use in a medical communication system are provided.

Abstract: An apparatus for non-invasive blood glucose monitoring includes a light source for generating at least one ray of light, a beam splitter with a focusing function leads the light into an eyeball and focuses on the eyeball, a set of photo detectors for measuring optical angular information and absorption energy information of the light reflected from the eyeball and transmitted through the first beam splitter to the set of photo detectors, and a processing unit. The processing unit receives and processes the Optical angular information and the absorption energy information to obtain an Optical angular difference and an absorption energy difference between the light emitted from the light source and the light transmitted to the set of photo detectors, and analyzes the Optical angular difference and the absorption energy difference to obtain a glucose information, and since the glucose information has a corresponding relationship with a blood glucose information, the blood glucose information may be read.

Abstract: A method for non-invasive blood glucose monitoring includes the following steps. At least one ray of light is emitted from at least one light source. The light emitted from the light source is leaded into an eyeball and focused on the eyeball through a first beam splitter. The reflected light reflected from the eyeball is transmitted through the first beam splitter to a set of photo detectors. Optical angular information and absorption energy information of the reflected light transmitted to the set of photo detectors are measured. Optical angular difference and absorption energy difference resulting from the light emitted from the light source and the reflected light transmitted to the set of photo detectors are obtained. Glucose information is obtained by analyzing the optical angular difference and the absorption energy difference, and since glucose information has a corresponding relationship with blood glucose information, blood glucose information may be read.

Abstract: Disclosed is a flexible insert (100) for placement on the human eye, comprising a light source (110) in said insert such that light emitted from the light source is shielded from the human eye upon correct placement of the insert on the human eye, a light-responsive material (120) placed in the light path of the light source, said light-responsive material emitting light upon stimulation by the light from said light source, the intensity of said stimulated emission being sensitive to a chemical interaction of the light-sensitive material with an analyte of interest, a photodetector (130) for detecting the light emitted by the light-responsive material; and a transmitter (140) coupled to the photodetector for transmitting a photodetector reading. The insert may be used in conjunction with a reader for automated monitoring of an analyte of interest such as glucose in the tear fluid of its wearer.

Abstract: A method of managing insulin includes receiving blood glucose measurements on a computing device from a glucometer. The blood glucose measurements are separated by a time interval. The method includes determining, by the computing device, an insulin dose rate based on the blood glucose measurements and determining a blood glucose drop rate based on the blood glucose measurements and the time interval. The method also includes determining a blood glucose percentage drop based on the blood glucose measurements. The method includes decreasing the time interval between blood glucose measurements by the glucometer when the blood glucose drop rate is greater than a threshold drop rate, and decreasing the time interval between blood glucose measurements by the glucometer when the blood glucose percentage drop is greater than a threshold percentage drop.

Abstract: An eye-mountable device includes a transparent polymer and a structure embedded in the transparent polymer. The transparent polymer defines a posterior side and an anterior side of the eye-mountable device, and the transparent polymer has a concave surface and a convex surface. The structure includes a substrate, an antenna comprising a conductive loop, and a sensor that is configured to detect an analyte. The substrate includes a loop portion and a tab portion, where the loop portion has an outer circumference defined by an outer diameter and an inner circumference defined by an inner diameter, and where the tab portion extends from the inner circumference of the loop portion towards a center of the loop portion. The conductive loop is disposed on the loop portion of the substrate between the inner circumference and outer circumference, and the sensor is disposed on the tab portion of the substrate.

Abstract: A measuring device for non-invasive determination of at least one physiological parameter includes at least one diagnostic sensor unit to generate measuring signals, and an evaluation unit for processing of measuring signals. The diagnostic sensor unit is integrated into or connectible to the keyboard of a computer or into a mobile device of entertainment or communication technology, with the diagnostic sensor unit including: an optical measuring unit including at least one radiation source for irradiation of the examined body tissue and at least one radiation sensor for detection of the radiation scattered and/or transmitted from the body tissue, and/or an ECG unit for capturing an ECG signal via two or more ECG electrodes, and/or a temperature or heat sensor, and/or a bio-electrical impedance measuring unit.

Abstract: Methods and systems for controlling analyte levels are described. An example method may include receiving a sensor measurement relating to an eye-mountable device. The method also may include determining an analyte concentration based on the one or more sensor measurements, and comparing the analyte concentration to a target analyte concentration. Based on the comparing, the method further may include providing instructions to a drug delivery device, where the instructions are configured to control a drug delivery rate by the drug delivery device.

Abstract: Methods and devices for delivering therapeutic or diagnostic energy (e.g., light, ultrasound, ionizing radiation (e.g., x-ray), vibration, heat energy, etc.) into the eye. An energy emitting device is positioned on the eye and used to deliver energy into the eye. The device may be constructed to allow the subject's eyelids to open and close while the device is positioned on the eye. The device is useable for various energy based or energy-mediated therapies, including crosslinking of corneal collagen, light therapy, photodynamic therapy, photo-activation of drugs, etc.

Abstract: A system and method for relieving high blood sugar factor of diabetes includes an electric energy wave generator with a frequency effect level control mode. The frequency effect level control mode includes a control of a single frequency effect period and a control of a multi-frequency modulation effect period and controls and emits a single frequency electric energy wave to a diabetic patient's body in the single frequency effect period according to the frequency effect level control mode and controls and emits a multi-frequency electric energy wave in a multi-frequency modulation effect period, so as to reduce and eliminate a high blood sugar factor of the diabetic patient's body by the electric energy wave.

Abstract: Apparatus, systems and methods for facilitating iris-scanning contact lenses and/or biometric identification employing iris scanning contact lenses are provided. In one implementation, the contact lens can include: a transparent substrate formed to cover at least a portion of an iris of an eye; and a circuit. The circuit can include: one or more light sensors disposed on or within the transparent substrate and that detects light filtered through the iris and incident on the one or more light sensors; readout circuitry, operably coupled to the one or more light sensors, that outputs information indicative of the light filtered through the iris and incident on the one or more light sensors; and a power component that supplies power to the readout circuitry. In various implementations, the contact lens can be employed in systems and/or methods associated with authentication and identification.

Abstract: A mountable device includes a bio-compatible structure embedded in a polymer that defines at least one mounting surface. The bio-compatible structure includes an electronic component having electrical contacts, sensor electrodes, and electrical interconnects between the sensor electrodes and the electrical contacts. The bio-compatible structure is fabricated such that it is fully encapsulated by a bio-compatible material, except for the sensor electrodes. In the fabrication, the electronic component is positioned on a first layer of bio-compatible material and a second layer of bio-compatible material is formed over the first layer of bio-compatible material and the electronic component. The electrical contacts are exposed by removing a portion of the second layer, a conductive pattern is formed to define the sensor electrodes and electrical interconnects, and a third layer of bio-compatible material is formed over the conductive pattern.

Abstract: Apparatus, systems and methods employing contact lens sensors are provided. In some aspects, a contact lens includes a substrate and a circuit. The circuit can include: one or more sensors disposed on or within the substrate, that sense a feature associated with a wearer of the contact lens; and a compensation circuit disposed on or within the substrate, coupled to the sensor(s) and that outputs information to adjust an output of the sensor(s). The compensation circuit can include: a temperature component that senses the temperature of the sensor(s); and a communication component that outputs information indicative of the temperature of the sensor(s), and receives information associated with adjusting the output of the sensor(s). In other aspects, a contact lens includes a circuit that senses the body temperature, or ambient temperature outside of the body, of the contact lens wearer. Sensor fusion and/or calibration can be performed based on the information.

Abstract: Various embodiments are described and illustrated to calculate an insulin bolus, recommend such bolus, and provide reminder messages for performing an additional glucose test.

Abstract: A body-mountable device can include a transparent material and a substrate at least partially embedded in the transparent material. The transparent material can have a mounting surface and a surface opposite the mounting surface. A light source can be disposed on the substrate and configured to emit light through the surface opposite the mounting surface. The light source can be controlled by circuitry disposed on the substrate. The circuitry can be configured to receive modulation instructions and modulate the light emitted by the light source based on the modulation instructions.

Abstract: Utilization of a contact device placed on the eye in order to detect physical and chemical parameters of the body as well as the non-invasive delivery of compounds according to these physical and chemical parameters, with signals being transmitted continuously as electromagnetic waves, radio waves, infrared and the like. One of the parameters to be detected includes non-invasive blood analysis utilizing chemical changes and chemical products that are found in the conjunctiva and in the tear film. A transensor mounted in the contact device laying on the cornea or the surface of the eye is capable of evaluating and measuring physical and chemical parameters in the eye including non-invasive blood analysis. The system utilizes eye lid motion and/or closure of the eye lid to activate a microminiature radio frequency sensitive transensor mounted in the contact device. The signal can be communicated by wires or radio telemetered to an externally placed receiver.

Abstract: A noninvasive method and apparatus for determining analyte concentration (e.g., glucose) in a subject that includes measuring light refraction from at least a portion one or more structures. One example of such structure is the subject's iris.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an apparatus including a first chamber containing an eye-mountable device. The apparatus may also include a second chamber containing an aqueous solution. The apparatus may also include a membrane positioned between the first chamber and the second chamber. The membrane may be configured to rupture based on application of a force to the apparatus. The ruptured membrane may allow the aqueous solution to engage with the eye-mountable device. The apparatus may also include a lid to seal one or more of the first chamber and the second chamber.

Abstract: Systems and methods for non-invasively determining parameters related to blood glucose are disclosed. Embodiments are disclosed wherein a wearable sensor device comprises non-invasive sensors generating various sensed data which is then utilized to determine a glucose-related parameter.

Abstract: Non-invasive optical measurement of glucose and other dissolved substances in human or animal intraocular fluid. A method takes advantage of the fact that the wave dependence of optical activity is fundamentally different from corneal birefringence. The optical activity of substances dissolved in the intraocular fluid, such as glucose, lactate, ascorbic acid or amino acids, is scaled as a first approximation with the reciprocal value of the wavelength square. In contrast, corneal birefringence is scaled with the reciprocal value of the wavelength and therefore behaves considerably different from the optical activity. For the method according to the invention, a physical model is used, which describes the influence on the polarization of measurement radiation by the components of the eye, particularly by the intraocular fluid and the cornea.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device and method for non-invasive detection of an analyte in a fluid sample. In one embodiment, the device comprises: a collection chamber containing an absorbent hydrogel material; a fluidic channel connected to the collection chamber; a sensing chamber connected to the fluidic channel, wherein the device is comprised of a compressible housing that allows transfer of fluid collected by the collection chamber to be transferred to be extracted and withdrawn to the sensing chamber upon compression of the device, wherein the sensing chamber contains a material that specifically detects the analyte and wherein the sensing chamber is operably linked to a processor containing a potentiostat that allows detection of the analyte using electrochemical sensing.

Abstract: A non-invasive blood glucose concentration sensing system and method includes sensing neurophysiological brain activity of the user during visual pigment regeneration in an eye of the user, and correlating the sensed neurophysiological brain activity to the glucose concentration in the blood of the user.

Abstract: Apparatus, systems and methods of contact lenses with power sources are provided. In some aspects, a contact lens can include a substrate; and a circuit. The circuit can include: one or more sensors disposed on or within the substrate; circuitry disposed on at least a portion of the substrate; one or more photovoltaic cells disposed on at least a portion of the substrate; and a hybrid power component that supplies at least one of two or more different types of power to the circuitry, wherein at least one of the two or more different types of power is radio frequency/inductive power. In various aspects, other types of power can be solar and/or microelectromechanical system power. Additionally, in various aspects, photovoltaic cells can be arrayed in different configurations and/or over a significant portion of a viewing surface of the contact lens. In some aspects, the photovoltaic cells can be transparent.

Abstract: Utilization of a contact device placed on the eye in order to detect physical and chemical parameters of the body as well as the non-invasive delivery of compounds according to these physical and chemical parameters, with signals being transmitted continuously as electromagnetic waves, radio waves, infrared and the like. One of the parameters to be detected includes non-invasive blood analysis utilizing chemical changes and chemical products that are found in the conjunctiva and in the tear film. A transensor mounted in the contact device laying on the cornea or the surface of the eye is capable of evaluating and measuring physical and chemical parameters in the eye including non-invasive blood analysis. The system utilizes eye lid motion and/or closure of the eye lid to activate a microminiature radio frequency sensitive transensor mounted in the contact device. The signal can be communicated by wires or radio telemetered to an externally placed receiver.

Abstract: An apparatus for non-invasive glucose monitoring includes a first light source for emitting at least one ray of first light; a first beam splitter with a focusing function; a set of photo detectors for measuring optical rotatory distribution (ORD) information and absorption energy information of the first light reflected from the eyeball and transmitted through the first beam splitter to the set of photo detectors, and the first light emitted from the first light source being transmitted to the set of photo detectors by the first beam splitter and the eyeball to form an optical path; a processing unit receiving and processing the ORD information and the absorption energy information to obtain glucose information; and an eye positioning device including a second beam splitter disposed on the optical path between the first beam splitter and the eyeball and a camera for receiving image information transmitted from the second beam splitter.

Abstract: An apparatus for non-invasive glucose monitoring includes a light source for emitting at least one ray of light; a first beam splitter, a set of photo detectors for measuring optical rotatory distribution (ORD) information and absorption energy information; a reference component receiving the light from the first beam splitter, and the light reflected by the reference component being transmitted to the set of photo detectors by the first beam splitter, wherein the light emitted from the light source is transmitted to the set of photo detectors by the first beam splitter and the eyeball to form a first optical path, the light emitted from the light source is transmitted to the set of photo detectors by the first beam splitter and the reference component to form a second optical path; and a processing unit receiving and processing the ORD information and the absorption energy information to obtain a glucose information.

Abstract: Non-invasive optical measurement of glucose and other dissolved substances in human or animal intraocular fluid. A method takes advantage of the fact that the wave dependence of optical activity is fundamentally different from corneal birefringence. The optical activity of substances dissolved in the intraocular fluid, such as glucose, lactate, ascorbic acid or amino acids, is scaled as a first approximation with the reciprocal value of the wavelength square. In contrast, corneal birefringence is scaled with the reciprocal value of the wavelength and therefore behaves considerably different from the optical activity. For the method according to the invention, a physical model is used, which describes the influence on the polarization of measurement radiation by the components of the eye, particularly by the intraocular fluid and the cornea.

Abstract: Methods and systems for determining a physiological parameter of a subject through interrogation of an eye of the subject with an optical signal are described. Interrogation is performed unobtrusively. The system includes a gaze attractor for attracting the gaze of the subject to cause an eye of the subject to move into alignment with regard to an interrogation signal source and/or response signal sensor to facilitate detection of a signal from the eye of the subject.

Abstract: A noninvasive polarimetric apparatus used to measure levels of a substance in a sample in the presence of dynamically changing sample birefringence is provided. A polarization system generates multiple states of polarized light which interact with the sample. An analyzer system receives a signal from the sample and generates a secondary signal. This signal is detected and then processed to measure levels of a substance in a sample that may be have time varying birefringent components.

Abstract: The inventive concept relates to a measuring device. The measuring device irradiates a first beam including a polarization component and a second beam which is a wavelength swept laser having a coherence length previously set and can measure a glucose concentration of an aqueous humor by measuring an optical path length and the rotation amount of a polarization plane respectively from a first output beam and a second output beam being output from an eye.

Abstract: A method and device for monitoring or treating patient glucose levels. The device includes a glucose sensor for measuring a glucose level of a patient, a physiological status monitoring system for measuring at least one physical or metabolic variable of the patient, and an automatic controller in communication with the glucose sensor and the physiological status monitoring system. The controller includes a prediction module for automatically predicting a future glucose level using data measured by the glucose sensor and the physiological sensor.

Abstract: A closed loop system or semi-closed loop system for infusing insulin using sensor values applies a redundant sensor system as a fail-safe method against sensor failure. The redundant glucose sensors are used corroborate each other and a failing sensor is detected if the sensors no longer corroborate each other. The use of redundant sensors has the additional benefit of producing better sensor signals compared to the use of a single sensor.