Abstract: An oximeter sensor with an expandable element for positioning the sensor against the fetus. The expandable element is positioned to be removed from at least one of the emitter and detector so that the portion of the sensor adjacent the emitter or detector is not pressed unduly by the expandable element to exsanguinate the tissue. A constant pressure differential between a pressure of the expandable element and an amniotic pressure may be maintained.

Abstract: A modified Foley type catheter has a pressure sensor near the insertion end, an inflatable balloon, a temperature sensor, a light emitter, and a blood oxygen level detector near the light emitting means, all molded into the catheter tube wall. The oxygen level sensor is arranged to receive light energy from tissue illuminated by the light source. All required electrical conductors, and fiber optics elements if used, are molded into the catheter wall and terminate in a connector near the access end. The balloon has a fluid supply conduit, or channel, molded into the catheter wall and it terminates in a connector nipple near the access end. A pulse detector means is derived from the association of the oxygen level sensor and the required external signal processor. All associated external signal processor and output indicators means currently exist for observation and recording. Rewiring for suitable connector association with the novel catheter is well established in the art.

Abstract: Arrangement for determining the oxygen saturation in human blood vessels and organs with a measurement sensor with at least two light sources of different wavelengths--preferably wavelengths of 660 nm and 940 nm--and with at least one receiver which receives the light transmitted and reflected from the oxygen particles which are bonded with the hemoglobin in the irradiated vessel or organ and transmits it as an electrical signal to a pulsoximeter for evaluation of the measurement results and readout on a display device. An additional measurement sensor is associated with the measurement sensor for locating a blood vessel or organ to be selected and the two measurement sensors are designed such that they can be handled together as a constructional unit.

Abstract: A large number of needle patterns are integrally associated with each other on an extended U-shaped metal plate. After that, a pointed end of individual needle patterns is formed, and a series of individual needle patterns are divided into a plurality of segmented needle bodies. Then, a suture is inserted into a hollow portion of the needle body. By closing both walls of the needle body, a suture needle can be produced one after another.