Abstract: Release liners configured to facilitate the positioning of a sensor at a predetermined position of a patient are provided. The release liners may include one or more alignment features configured to approximately align with one or more anatomical features of the patient when the sensor is placed in the predetermined position. The one or more alignment features may include any suitable number of alignment lines. The release liner may be at least partially removable from the sensor.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for determining the arterial and venous oxygenation of blood in vivo with improved precision. The optical properties of tissue are measured by determination of differential and total attenuations of light at a set of wavelengths. By choosing distinct wavelengths and using the measured attenuations, the influence of variables such as light scattering, absorption and other optical tissue properties is canceled out or minimized.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a sensor for monitoring the depth of consciousness of a patient. The sensor includes a plurality of light sources, light detectors, and in some embodiments, electrodes. In an embodiment, the sensor includes reusable and disposable portions.

Abstract: A physiological monitoring system may determine a probe-off condition. A physiological sensor may receive a light signal including one or more wavelengths of light. The received light signal may be processed to obtain a light signal corresponding to an ambient light signal and a light signal corresponding to an emitted light signal and the ambient light signal. The signals may be analyzed to identify an inverse effect. The system may determine whether the physiological sensor is properly positioned based on the identification of an inverse effect.

Abstract: The invention provides a neck-worn sensor (referred to herein as the ‘necklace’) that is a single, body-worn system that measures the following parameters from an ambulatory patient: heart rate, pulse rate, pulse oximetry, respiratory rate, temperature, thoracic fluid levels, stroke volume, cardiac output, and a parameter sensitive to blood pressure called pulse transit time. From stroke volume, a first algorithm employing a linear model can estimate the patient's pulse pressure. And from pulse pressure and pulse transit time, a second algorithm, also employing a linear algorithm, can estimate systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure. Thus, the necklace can measure all five vital signs along with hemodynamic parameters. It also includes a motion-detecting accelerometer, from which it can determine motion-related parameters such as posture, degree of motion, activity level, respiratory-induced heaving of the chest, and falls.

Abstract: A device includes a sensor for measuring a parameter for tissue. The sensor includes a plurality of optical elements including a plurality of detectors and at least one emitter. Separation distances between the various optical elements are selected based on a depth corresponding to a region of interest in the tissue and based on a depth corresponding to an exclusion region in the tissue.

Abstract: A bone oximeter probe includes an elongated member and a sensor head at an end of the elongated member to make measurements for a bone. The measurements can indicate the viability or nonviability of the bone. In an implementation, the probe is advanced through an incision in soft tissue, towards the underlying bone, and positioned so that the sensor head faces the bone to be measured. Optical signals are sent from the sensor head and into the bone. The bone reflects some of the optical signals which are then detected so that measurements for the bone can be made. Some of these measurements include an oxygen saturation level value, and a total hemoglobin concentration value of the bone.

Abstract: A pulse oximetry device that is mounted on a wrist strap and fixates an area above a distal end of the ulna with a dome shaped structure. This area is used as measuring area. The measurement is carried out by a detector positioned above the fixated area, that detects light emitted by light sources having different wave lengths that are located at a periphery of the fixated area. Hence, the reflections are measured at neither a reflection mode nor a transmission mode, but are at an angle between 20° and 160° from the emitted light. This mode, termed trans-illumination, allows achieving an excellent signal to noise ratio that for the first time enables continuous and reliable measurement of oximetry data on the wrist.

Abstract: A sensor interface is configured to receive a sensor signal. A transmitter generates a transmit signal. A receiver receives the signal corresponding to the transmit signal. Further, a monitor interface is configured to communicate a waveform to the monitor so that measurements derived by the monitor from the waveform are generally equivalent to measurements derivable from the sensor signal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a digital portable pulse oximeter and battery-powered control method thereof. The automatic switching of the power supply is achieved by adding a Hall circuit, and the data displayed is allowed to always face the users by adding an acceleration sensor to the circuit. The advantageous effects of the present invention compared with the prior art are: Users can always read the data from the front side no matter which way they move. The digital portable pulse oximeter of the present invention can be automatically turned on just by inserting a finger, without having to press the switch button, and cut off the power supply by pulling out the finger, as well as judge intelligently whether to continue the measurement after the finger has been pulled out. If yes, the power supply will stay on, which reduces the energy waste and low efficiency caused by the restarting program initialization, improves the use efficiency of the battery and prolongs the battery life.

Abstract: Apparatus, systems and methods employing a contact lens having a pulse oximetry sensor to detect information indicative of a blood oxygen content and/or pulse rate of a wearer of the contact lens, are provided. In some aspects, a contact lens includes a substrate that forms at least part of a body of the contact lens and a pulse oximetry sensor located on or within the substrate that detects information associated with at least one of blood oxygen content or a pulse rate of a wearer of the contact lens. The pulse oximetry sensor comprises one or more light emitting diodes that illuminate a blood vessel of at least one of a region of an eye or an eyelid and a detector that receives light reflected from the blood vessel and generates the information.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to sensors for use on a patient's ear. The sensors as provided may be Y-shaped and configured to be retained on an ear with the forks of the Y-shape positioned below the main branch of the Y. In particular embodiments, the Y-shaped sensors may be affixed to the patient at locations on the head or neck to relieve strain and reduce the effects of motion on the optical components of the sensor.

Abstract: A near-infrared spectrophotometric system (e.g., a cerebral oximeter) includes a sensor portion and a monitor portion. The monitor portion includes a processor that runs an algorithm which utilizes the amount of detected light to determine the value of the oxygen concentration (e.g., the absolute level of oxygen concentration). The monitor portion also includes a visual display that displays the determined oxygen concentration values in various formats. The monitor portion may also include an audible device (e.g., a speaker), that provides audible indications of the determined oxygen concentration values. Various visual indicators may include, for example, color-coded graphs of the determined oxygenation values to alert the system user, for example, whether one hemisphere of the brain, or one or more regions of the brain, is in danger of adverse and potentially permanent damage. Also, data may be pre-processed by selecting the most clinically concerning sensor value (e.g.

Abstract: The present invention relates to optimized gas supply utilizing photoplethysmography. Flow rate, pressure or amount of gas adjusted as a function of blood oxygen saturation data, photoplethysmography signals, or both, obtained from the pulse oximeter probe.

Abstract: To make the peak value of the driving current of light source smaller than the conventional one and to make the peak value of the light receiving level of light-sensitive elements smaller than the conventional one in order to save power consumption of the device and to improve the precision of measurement, codes of which the bits of the Hadamard codes are shifted by the same bit for each code series having the same bit cycle, or codes of which the bits of a PN code are shifted are used as different codes.

Abstract: The disclosed embodiments relate to a system and method for assuring validity of monitoring parameters in combination with a therapeutic device. An exemplary embodiment of the present technique comprises perturbing a treatment administered to a patient, measuring at least one parameter of the patient reflecting the underlying physiological state and associated with the treatment, and comparing the perturbations of the treatment to measurements of the at least one parameter to determine if the perturbations to the treatment are reflected by the parameter.

Abstract: Support structures for positioning sensors on a physiologic tunnel for measuring physical, chemical and biological parameters of the body and to produce an action according to the measured value of the parameters. The support structure includes a sensor fitted on the support structures using a special geometry for acquiring continuous and undisturbed data on the physiology of the body. Signals are transmitted to a remote station by wireless transmission such as by electromagnetic waves, radio waves, infrared, sound and the like or by being reported locally by audio or visual transmission. The physical and chemical parameters include brain function, metabolic function, hydrodynamic function, hydration status, levels of chemical compounds in the blood, and the like. The support structure includes patches, clips, eyeglasses, head mounted gear and the like, containing passive or active sensors positioned at the end of the tunnel with sensing systems positioned on and accessing a physiologic tunnel.

Abstract: A system and method for non-invasively estimating the tissue blood oxygen saturation level of a human subject, including so-called “outliers”, whose physiological make-up causes previously-known techniques to generate invalid tissue blood oxygen saturation estimations. The system includes a computing device and a sensor. The sensor includes a light source configured to emit light of at least four different wavelengths, one at a time. The sensor also includes two light detectors, each positioned a different distances from the light source. Optical density measurements are taken by the light detectors and provided to the computing device. A first tissue blood oxygen saturation value is computed using the optical density measurements associated with three of the four wavelengths, and a second tissue blood oxygen saturation value is computed using the optical density measurements associated with four of the wavelengths.

Abstract: A sleep apnea diagnostic system includes a housing that is configured to be attached to near the nose of a patient's face to sense physiological information of a patient. The housing includes sensors to sense the physiological information. The physiological information may be, for example, air flow through the nose or the mouth or both. The physiological information further may be, for example, blood volume. The sleep apnea diagnostic system includes at least one processor in the housing or external to the housing or both to analyze the physiological information to determine whether the patient has experienced irregular or abnormal respiratory activity and to detect respiratory effort. The analysis may be real time or delayed.

Abstract: A method is described for surgical implantation of a cochlear implant system. An intraoperative baseline value stapedial reflex response is determined for a cochlear implant patient. Then while performing a given step in a multi-step surgical process to implant a cochlear implant system in the patient, the stapedial reflex response is monitored, and if the stapedial reflex response changes from the baseline value response more than a safe change threshold value, the given step is stopped.

Abstract: There is provided a fingertip oximeter that has a plurality of display modes which are presented sequentially in a circulating way, allowing users to easily observe a measurement result from any of surrounding directions. The present invention makes users to be able to observe a measurement result of the fingertip oximeter from any of surrounding directions, without the need of bending his/her finger. Thus, any partial occlusion of the arterial blood capillary can be avoided, so that strength of the pulse will not decrease, and strength of the signal will not be affected. As a result, the precision of the measurement is improved.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to sensors for applying pressure to a patient's tissue. According to certain embodiments, the sensors may include one or more deformable elements that hold the optical components of the sensor against the tissue with an appropriate amount of pressure. In additional embodiments, such sensors may include a rigid one-piece sensor body that incorporates a deformable element to facilitate fine-fitting of the sensor against the tissue.

Abstract: A digital pulse oximeter with automatic orientation change function, comprising a housing that is configured to clamp a human finger being tested, a display window disposed at outside of and atop the housing, a circuit being disposed within the housing for calculating and analyzing the tested signals, and displaying them in the display window atop the housing via a display, wherein the said circuit has only one control key disposed on the housing, the said circuit allowing the display contents of the display to be always oriented properly for easy reading by connecting with one two-axis or three-axis accelerometer. The digital pulse oximeter of the present invention is featured with small size and convenient operation and can shift from one function to another using only one control key in conjunction with the interface display, thereby increasing the functions of small-sized pulse oximeters.

Abstract: A sensor may be adapted to reduce signal artifacts by deflecting the effects of outside forces and sensor motion. A sensor is provided with a rigid annular structure adapted to reduce the effect of motion of a sensor emitter and/or detector. Further, a method of deflecting or minimizing outside forces and sensor motion is also provided.

Abstract: Disclosed is a skin adherable device for monitoring analytes in interstitial fluid. The device includes an electromagnetic radiation emitting source and a transmitter for transmitting the electromagnetic radiation between the electromagnetic radiation emitting source and the interstitial fluid. The device further includes a detector, operating electronics and a power supply. The device may include a reusable part and a disposable part.

Abstract: A method for obtaining diagnostic information relating to the lungs of a subject includes directing into tissue of the lungs of the subject light of a first wavelength and detecting part of the light that has passed primarily through microcirculatory tissue of the lungs and generating a signal which is a function of intensity of the detected light. The signal is then processed to derive a PPG curve for pulmonary microcirculatory arteries. The method is implemented using various locations for a light source and a detector, including various combinations of positioning on the thoracic wall, insertion into the esophagus, and in some cases, insertion of a probe through the thoracic wall to a position adjacent to the pulmonary pleura. Use of two different wavelengths allows derivation of mixed venous blood oxygen saturation.

Abstract: A clip-style pulse sensor may be adapted to apply limited, even pressure to a patient's tissue. A clip-style sensor is provided that reduces motion artifacts by exerting limited, uniform pressure to the patient tissue to reduce tissue exsanguination. Further, such a sensor provides a secure fit while avoiding discomfort for the wearer.

Abstract: The invention discloses a finger type pulse and blood oxygen measuring device, including an upper shell suite and a lower shell suite that are installed with silica gel soft finger pad, and a semi-closed holding. A removable power supply module is installed in the lower shell suite. The beneficial effect of the invention is that because of the adoption of the removable type power supply module which is able to load the battery, it is easier to assemble and disassemble the battery. Additionally, the structure of the device facilitates manufacturing, enhances quality, and also increases the comfort of a person using the device.

Abstract: A sensor holder for a medical sensor. The sensor holder includes a housing surrounding a hollow for a subject appendage, the housing having a first channel for a gas volume following the hollow, a first aperture, a second aperture and a third aperture for a ventilation of the gas volume of the first channel.

Abstract: A method for non-invasive determination of oxygen saturation of blood within a deep vascular structure of a human or animal patient comprising locating on skin of the patient in a vicinity of the deep vascular structure of interest emitter and receiver elements of a light oximeter device, wherein optimal location of said elements is achieved through matching of a plethysmography trace obtained from the oximeter device to known plethysmography characteristics of the deep vascular structure of interest, wherein the emitter element emits light at wavelengths of from about 1045 nm to about 1055 nm and from about 1085 nm to about 1095 nm, and wherein oxygen saturation is determined from a ratio of light absorbed at these two wave-lengths by haemoglobin in blood within the vascular structure of interest.

Abstract: Forehead oximetry sensor devices and methods for determining physiological parameters using forehead oximetry sensors. One method includes placing an oximetry sensor on the forehead of a patient, such that the sensor is placed on the lower forehead region, above the eyebrow with the sensor optics placed lateral of the iris and proximal the temple; and operating the pulse oximeter to obtain the physiological parameter. In one aspect, the method also includes providing and placing a headband over the oximetry sensor, or alternately, the sensor is a headband-integrated sensor. The headband has an elastic segment sized to fit around the patient's head. The headband also includes a non-elastic segment that is smaller than and attached with the elastic segment. The non-elastic segment is sized to span a portion of the elastic segment when the elastic segment is stretched. In addition, the non-elastic segment is larger than the portion of the elastic segment it spans when the elastic segment is not stretched.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of monitoring a vital parameter of a patient by measuring attenuation of light emitted onto tissue of the patient, comprising the following steps: modulating the light with a modulation frequency or/and a modulation code; emitting the modulated light onto the tissue of the patient; collecting light which is transmitted through the tissue or/and which is reflected from the tissue; demodulating the collected light; analyzing the demodulated collected light with regard to interference with ambient light; determining a modulation frequency or/and a modulation code for which interference with the ambient light is minimized or falls under a predefined threshold; and setting the modulation frequency or/and the modulation code for modulating the light according to the determined modulation frequency or/and a modulation code for which interference with the ambient light is minimized or falls under a predefined threshold.

Abstract: An apparatus for, and method of, sensing characteristics of a vessel and a fluid conveyed therein.

Abstract: Devices, systems, and methods determine the health of oral objects by providing objective measurements using a detachable probe body. The detachable probe body may isolate reusable system components (including an electromagnetic signal detection, signal transmission, energy generation, and or energy transmitting components) from the oral cavity, optionally by encasing at least a portion of one or more of these components in a sheath or the like. A window of the probe body maintains sterile isolation and transmits electromagnetic energy to and/or signals from the oral object. Accuracy can be enhanced by a clamp or other structure for engaging a surface of the oral object so as to maintain a fixed alignment between the signal receiver and the oral object.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to finger pulse oximetry sensors configurations including, for example, removable sensor sleeves, removable sensor pads, and light blocking configurations.

Abstract: Forehead oximetry sensor devices and methods for determining physiological parameters using forehead oximetry sensors. One method includes placing an oximetry sensor on the forehead of a patient, such that the sensor is placed on the lower forehead region, above the eyebrow with the sensor optics placed lateral of the iris and proximal the temple; and operating the pulse oximeter to obtain the physiological parameter. In one aspect, the method also includes providing and placing a headband over the oximetry sensor, or alternately, the sensor is a headband-integrated sensor. The headband has an elastic segment sized to fit around the patient's head. The headband also includes a non-elastic segment that is smaller than and attached with the elastic segment. The non-elastic segment is sized to span a portion of the elastic segment when the elastic segment is stretched. In addition, the non-elastic segment is larger than the portion of the elastic segment it spans when the elastic segment is not stretched.

Abstract: A sensor may be adapted to reduce motion artifacts by mitigating the effects of the tissue moving within the sensor. A sensor is provided with an elastomeric sensor body adapted to accommodate patient motion. Further, a sensor is provided in which the sensor cable is arranged to mitigate its pressure on a patient's tissue.

Abstract: A single use, self-contained, self-powered disposable oximeter, in the form of a patch or a bandage strip, has mounted thereto a light emitter and a light sensor to measure the SpO2 of the patient. Mounted to an electronics layer of the patch is an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) that has electronics integrated thereto that controls the operation of the light emitter and light sensor, and the algorithm for calculating from the data collected by the sensor at least the SpO2 of the patient. The patch oximeter may also be equipped with a transceiver, and the appropriate electronics, for wirelessly transceiving information to/from a remote device or another wireless patch oximeter.

Abstract: According to various embodiments, a medical system and method for determining tissue temperature may include a spectroscopic sensor. The spectroscopic sensors may be configured to provide information about changes in water absorption profiles at one or more absorption peaks. Such sensors may be incorporated into ablation systems for tissue ablation. Temperature information may be used to determine the scope, volume, and/or depth of the ablation.

Abstract: There is provided a fingertip oximeter that has a plurality of display modes which are presented sequentially in a circulating way, allowing users to easily observe a measurement result from any of surrounding directions. The present invention makes users to be able to observe a measurement result of the fingertip oximeter from any of surrounding directions, without the need of bending his/her finger. Thus, any partial occlusion of the arterial blood capillary can be avoided, so that strength of the pulse will not decrease, and strength of the signal will not be affected. As a result, the precision of the measurement is improved.

Abstract: Systems and methods for analyzing sublingual microcirculation perfusion and identifying particular nerve tracts. In exemplary embodiments, a digital micro-mirror device is configured to direct a reflected light to a subject area and a controller is configured to alter a parameter of the reflected light.

Abstract: A restraint device includes at least a first restraint portion defining a space for receiving at least a first body portion of a wearer to restrain movement of the wearer. The restraint device also includes at least one sensor on the first restraint portion and configured to sense at least one parameter associated with the wearer of the restraint device. The sensed parameter may be a physiological parameter of the wearer, or the sensed parameter may be a biological substance, a chemical substance, or a radioactive substance. The restraint device may further include a device communicating with the sensor and configured to store and/or transmit information related to the sensed parameter.

Abstract: Disclosed is a fingerstall oximeter including a soft gum coat and a case, a display screen for displaying measurement results is provided on the upper part of the case and an open corresponding to the display screen is provided on the soft gum coat. The soft gum coat is slipped over the outside of the case, the case is used to accommodate and protect a circuit board, and a chamber for accommodating finger is formed and rounded by the upper part of the case and the bottom of the soft gum coat, for accommodating a finger to be measured. A first measurement module is provided on the bottom of the soft gum coat and a second measurement module is provided within the case at a position corresponding to the first measurement module.

Abstract: The invention relates inter alia to a method for measuring the oxygen saturation of the blood flowing in a peripheral human or animal body part (20), in which electromagnetic radiation (q1?(t), q2?(t)) having a first and a second wavelength is irradiated into the peripheral body part or irradiated through the peripheral body part, the reflected or transmitted radiation (x1?(t), x2?(t)) is measured to form two measurement signals (x1(t), x2(t)), and the oxygen saturation of the blood is determined by evaluating the two measurement signals.

Abstract: An optical measurement instrument for living body includes: a plurality of light irradiation means for irradiating an object being tested with light; a plurality of light reception means for detecting the light that is irradiated to the object being tested and propagates inside the object being tested; and a calculation unit for calculating hemodynamics of a plurality of factors inside the object being tested from the detection signal detected by the light reception means, wherein the calculation unit includes a separation calculation unit for separating a plurality of signals from the detection signals; a selection unit for calculating a correlation coefficient between a plurality of the signals separated to select a signal in which a correlation coefficient is a predetermined value or greater as a noise signal; and a reconstruction calculation unit for reconfiguring the detection signal excluding the noise signal selected by the selection unit.

Abstract: A biosignal measurement apparatus including: a bracelet membrane to wear around a user's wrist; a fixing supporter to install in a first side portion of the bracelet membrane and to support a first side portion of the wrist; a moving supporter to install in a second side portion of the bracelet membrane, to move towards the fixing supporter, and closely to attach to a second side portion of the wrist; and an information control unit to calculate a distance between the first side portion of the wrist and the second side portion of the wrist by detecting a movement distance of the moving supporter, and to calculate a displacement of the radial artery of the wrist by using a predetermined constant and the calculated distance between the first side portion of the wrist and the second side portion of the wrist.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to sensors for use on a patient's ear. The sensors as provided may include a moldable member, such as a putty. The moldable member may be molded in place to affix the optical components of the sensor to a patient's ear tissue. For example, the moldable member may be sculpted around a curvature of a patient's earlobe. In particular embodiments, the moldable member may be activated, e.g., hardened, by exposure to particular temperatures or by exposure to light.

Abstract: A method for detecting a position of a pair of headphones at a user and a detection apparatus for detecting a position of a pair of ear phones at a user are described.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for spectrophotometric in vivo monitoring of blood metabolites such as hemoglobin oxygen concentration at a plurality of different areas or regions on the same organ or test site on an ongoing basis, by applying a plurality of spectrophotometric sensors to a test subject at each of a corresponding plurality of testing sites and coupling each such sensor to a control and processing station, operating each of said sensors to spectrophotometrically irradiate a particular region within the test subject; detecting and receiving the light energy resulting from said spectrophotometric irradiation for each such region and conveying corresponding signals to said control and processing station, analyzing said conveyed signals to determine preselected blood metabolite data, and visually displaying the data so determined for each of a plurality of said areas or regions in a comparative manner. REEXAMINATION RESULTS The questions raised in reexamination proceeding No. 90/010,128, filed Mar.

Abstract: A system and method of standardizing modular probe housings so that the standardized probe housings may be incorporated into probes adapted to work with at least one of a multiplicity of manufacturers' oximeters. The probe housings are adapted to matingly engage at least a disposable bandage apparatus and a reusable finger attachment device. A sensor system for sensing a physiological parameter of a patient. A reusable probe sensor comprises a first housing element and a second housing element. The first housing element comprises at least one light emitter and the second housing element comprises at least one light detector. The first and second housing elements are movably coupled and configured to receive a disposable sensor shield. A disposable sensor shield comprises a first liner portion having a first aperture and a second liner portion having a second aperture. The first and second liner portions are configured to receive an appendage.