Abstract: Disclosed herein are apparatuses and methods for treating a wound by applying reduced or negative pressure to the wound. The apparatus can include a wound cover (24), a fluid collection container (38); a vacuum pump ((30), an inflation pump (52), and one or more conduits. The wound cover (24) can be configured to move between at least a relatively rigid, generally raised position and a relatively flexible, generally collapsed position according to a predetermined program or in response to input from a user or one or more sensors. In some embodiments, the wound cover (24) can be configured to move between at least the relatively rigid, generally raised position and the relatively flexible, generally collapsed position by adjusting the air pressure in one or more channels (50) in the wound cover or by adjusting the length of piezoelectric or other length changing material supported by the wound cover (24).

Abstract: A dressing system is disclosed which has a sponge and a near infrared spectroscopy sensor positioned adjacent to the sponge for monitoring oxygenation levels of tissue adjacent to the sponge. The dressing system may further include a tube coupled to the sponge for removing fluid from the sponge. The dressing system comprises: a sponge; and a tensioning system coupled to the sponge. The tensioning system further comprises a central longitudinal member coupled to the sponge; and at least one tensioning member coupled to the central longitudinal member. A sequential compression system comprises: an envelope sleeve dressing; and a bladder that is both expandable and retractable. A tissue filler system is also described and includes a plurality of tubes; wherein each of the plurality of tubes further comprises apertures; and a pump coupled to at least one of the tubes which obviates the need for any sponge or wound screen.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an aircraft cockpit with health monitoring system and method that is designed to enable an occupant (e.g. a pilot) and/or a ground station to monitor the physical condition of the occupant during a flight. The health monitoring system and method comprises a sensor such as a pulse oximetry sensor in predetermined location to an occupant seat (e.g. an aircraft cockpit seat), within the field of reach of a person seated in the seat. The sensor is supported in the predetermined location in a stable manner that provides sufficient reaction to insertion of a finger to enable insertion of a finger in the sensor while the person is in a seated position, and the sensor is in communication with a control box that processes data from the sensor, and presents the data, e.g. at a the multi functional display in an aircraft cockpit.

Abstract: Continuous remote monitoring of patients based on data obtained from an implantable hemodynamic monitor provides an interactive patient management system. Using network systems, patients are remotely monitored to continuously diagnose and treat heart-failure conditions. A screen displayable summary provides continuous feedback and information to physicians, patients and authorized third parties. The quick look summary includes various sites and presentation tailored to match the patients' and physicians' needs. The quick look summary further includes intelligent features that understand and retain the user's interests, preferences and use patterns. Patients, physicians and other caregivers are seamlessly connected to monitor and serve the chronic needs of heart-failure patients in a reliable and economic manner.

Abstract: The breathing disorder treatment system is a continuous monitoring and an actuated stimulation system for the treatment of breathing disorders, such as sleep apnea. The system includes computer readable memory in communication with a processor, and a threshold blood oxygen saturation (BOS) level is recorded therein. A BOS sensor is provided for continually measuring the blood oxygen saturation level in the patient. The BOS sensor is in communication with the processor, such that the measured BOS level is continually compared with the threshold BOS level. A timer is in to communication with the processor, so that if a series of measured BOS levels are less than or equal to the threshold BOS level, a time of apnea or low BOS occurrence is recorded in the memory, and an alarm is actuated according to a calculated moving average period based upon the times of occurrence.

Abstract: An interactive analysis method for biosignals is disclosed. The method includes steps of providing at least a biosignal acquisition device, a user utilizing the biosignal acquisition device to acquire at least one kind of biosignals therefrom, the user uploading the acquired biosignals to a service platform through a network, wherein the service platform provides at least a set of processing means for said kind of biosignals with at least an algorithm included therein, the user selecting at least a desired processing means from the set of processing means, the service platform performing the selected processing means on the uploaded biosignals for producing an analysis result, the user deciding a handling flow for the analysis result, the user deciding a handling flow for the uploaded biosignals, and the service platform performing the handling flows decided by the user.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of navigating a spinal subarchnoid space in a living being, that includes percutaneously introducing a device into the spinal subarachnoid space at an entry location. The device has a first passageway that is sized to slidably receive, and work with, at least a guidewire. The device can be a catheter or a sheath. The method can also include advancing the device within the spinal subarachnoid space at least more than 10 centimeters from the entry location. Alternatively, the method can include advancing the device within the spinal subarachnoid space to facilitate intracranial access with a second device introduced through the first passageway. Also disclosed is a device suited for attachment to a patient's skin, such as a sheath, that includes an elongated member, a skin-attachment apparatus having a flexible skin-attachment flap, and a valve apparatus.

Abstract: Devices and methods are described for wirelessly monitoring an emergency responder. In some embodiments, a sensor acquires values of carboxyhemoglobin in blood. The values are recorded and are used to provide feedback to a user. The feedback includes at least one of visible, tactile, and audible information.

Abstract: Systems and methods that include configurations of a medical device, user device and service platform are described. Embodiments may include a secure network to run medical applications that control and/or monitor the medical device. An online store may be provided for storing and distributing medical applications to the user device and medical device. A secure environment may be provided within the user device and medical device that protects the integrity of medical applications running on those devices. A service platform may provide a service that enables a medical authority to certify and monitor the medical applications. In some implementations, various third parties and the user of the user device may be allowed to manage and monitor the medical device.

Abstract: A physiological sensing device for the measurement of pCO2 includes a closed chamber bounded, at least partially, by a carbon dioxide permeate e membrane (12). There are two electrodes (10) within the chamber. The chamber contains a substantially electrolyte-free liquid in contact with electrodes (10) and the membrane (12). The liquid contains a non-ionic excipient in order to prevent egress of water due to an osmotic gradient across the membrane (12) in use.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention relate to a system and method for determining a physiologic parameter of a patient. Specifically, embodiments of the present invention include methods and systems for correcting a pulse oximetry plethysmographic waveform variability measurement based on parameters that may influence the waveform variability. The corrected measurement may be used to estimate intravascular blood volume and/or fluid responsiveness of a patient.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to systems and methods for determining oxygen in a sample, or in a subject. In one aspect, the present invention is generally directed to an article exhibiting a determinable feature responsive to oxygen, such as oxygen-sensitive particles. The particles may exhibit a determinable change with a change in oxygen concentration, and such particles can accordingly be used to determine oxygen. For example, in one set of embodiments, the particles may be at least partially coated with a protein, such as hemoglobin, that is able to interact with oxygen. In some cases, the protein may aggregate under certain conditions (e.g., under relatively low oxygen concentrations), and such protein aggregation may be used, for example, to cause the particles to become aggregated, which can be determined in some way. In some cases, such aggregation may be irreversible; i.e., the degree of aggregation corresponds to the most extreme oxygen concentrations that the proteins were exposed to.

Abstract: Systems, devices, methods, and compositions are described for providing an actively controllable shunt configured to, for example, monitor, treat, or prevent an infection.

Abstract: A system and method for intracranial access is disclosed. In particular, a drill stop is shown providing a way to control the penetration of a drill bit as an access hole into the brain is being formed. Access to a desired location is achieved using a catheter guide device. Also disclosed is a mechanism by which multiple diagnostic and treatment devices can be placed at a desired location in brain tissue without the need for more than one access hole. A drainage catheter is disclosed with a mechanism to allow both drainage and to allow intracranial pressure measurement.

Abstract: A device includes a pliable membrane, a sensor module and a communication module. The pliable membrane includes a semi-rigid structural member. The membrane is configured to conform to a tissue surface. The structural member is configured to retain the membrane in a particular shape corresponding to the tissue surface. The sensor module is coupled to the membrane. The sensor module is configured to generate an electrical signal corresponding to a physiological parameter associated with the tissue surface. The communication module is coupled to the membrane. The communication module is configured to receive the electrical signal and wirelessly communicate data corresponding to the electrical signal with a remote device.

Abstract: Systems and methods of use for continuous analyte measurement of a host's vascular system are provided. In some embodiments, a continuous glucose measurement system includes a vascular access device, a sensor and sensor electronics, the system being configured for insertion into communication with a host's circulatory system.

Abstract: A dual blood flow monitoring system includes an electronic first sensor, an electronic second sensor, and an electronic monitoring device in communication with the first sensor and the second sensor. The first sensor monitors a first blood flow and the second sensor monitors a second blood flow. The electronic monitoring device is operative to receive signals from the sensors and to calculate and display a differential value representing a difference between the at least one parameter of the first blood flow and the at least one parameter of the second blood flow. A dual blood flow monitoring system is provided in a method for simultaneously monitoring extracorporeal arterial and venous blood flows, in which the sensors are placed in communication with respective tubing lines carrying the arterial and venous blood flows.

Abstract: Devices and methods for maintaining a medical device on-body are provided. Embodiments include medical device securement systems having first and second on-body securement elements. Also provided are systems and kits for use maintaining a medical device on-body.

Abstract: Present embodiments are directed to a system and method capable of detecting and graphically indicating physiologic patterns in patient data. For example, present embodiments may include a monitoring system that includes a monitor capable of receiving input relating to patient physiological parameters and storing historical data related to the parameters. Additionally, the monitoring system may include a screen capable of displaying the historical data corresponding to the patient physiological parameters. Further, the monitoring system may include a pattern detection feature capable of analyzing the historical data to detect a physiologic pattern in a segment of the historical data and capable of initiating a graphical indication of the segment on the screen when the physiologic pattern is present in the segment.

Abstract: Present embodiments are directed to a system and method capable of detecting and graphically indicating physiologic patterns in patient data. For example, present embodiments may include a monitoring system that includes a monitor capable of receiving input relating to patient physiological parameters and storing historical data related to the parameters. Additionally, the monitoring system may include a screen capable of displaying the historical data corresponding to the patient physiological parameters. Further, the monitoring system may include a pattern detection feature capable of analyzing the historical data to detect a physiologic pattern in a segment of the historical data and capable of initiating a graphical indication of the segment on the screen when the physiologic pattern is present in the segment.

Abstract: A non-invasive blood gas test is carried out by a method that utilizes a venous blood sample together with a pulse oximeter and a plurality of mathematical equations. The method generates the following data points of the blood: (i) the pH level; (ii) the [H+] concentration; (iii) the [HCO3?] concentration; (iv) the partial pressure of carbon dioxide; and (v) the oxygen saturation level. Mathematical formulas, tables, and chemical equations provide a simple method by which a doctor or other medical professional can easily calculate the blood gas data without the need for an arterial blood sample or specialized machines. Blood gas measurements are obtained from a patient in a faster, safer and less painful manner than tests that require an arterial blood sample. In another embodiment of the present invention, a system for locating a dysfunctional organ in a patient is disclosed.

Abstract: Electrode structures for transvascular nerve stimulation combine electrodes with an electrically-insulating backing layer. The backing layer increases the electrical impedance of electrical paths through blood in a lumen of a blood vessel and consequently increases the flow of electrical current through surrounding tissues. The electrode structures may be applied to stimulate nerves such as the phrenic, vagus, trigeminal, obturator or other nerves.

Abstract: A method of monitoring sleep of a sleeping subject is disclosed. The method comprises determining a phase shift of input radiofrequency signals received from the subject during sleep relative to output radiofrequency signals transmitted to the subject during sleep, calculating cardiac output based on the phase shift, and using the cardiac output for identifying sleep apnea events.

Abstract: A probe for use in a patient having a vessel carrying blood to ascertain characteristics of the blood having a cannula adapted to be inserted into the vessel of the patient. The cannula has a length so that when the distal extremity is in the vessel of the patient the proximal extremity is accessible outside of the patient. A gas sensor assembly is carried within the distal extremity of the cannula for determining gas characteristics of the blood in the vessel. A pressure sensor is carried within the distal extremity of the cannula for determining the pressure of the blood in the vessel.

Abstract: A method of diagnosing cerebrovascular autoregulation in a patient includes measuring blood pressure of the patient, measuring, non-invasively, venous oxygen content of the patient's brain substantially simultaneously with the measuring blood pressure, correlating the blood pressure and the venous oxygen content measurements in a time domain, and determining a cerebrovascular autoregulation state of the patient based on the correlating the blood pressure and the venous oxygen content measurements.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to signal processing and, more particularly, relates to determining the slope of a signal. In embodiments, first slopes between a first point in the signal and other points in the signal may be determined. Second slopes between a second point in the signal and other points in the signal may also be determined. The first and second slopes may be used to generate a histogram, and a desired slope may be selected from the preferred value of the histogram. In an embodiment, a two-dimensional Lissajous figure may be selected from a three-dimensional Lissajous figure and a histogram of the slopes within the selected Lissajous figure may be created to determine the desired slope. The desired slope may have clinical relevance (e.g., it may be used to determine a patient's blood oxygen saturation level). The three-dimensional Lissajous figure may be derived at least in part from surface signals related to two transform-surfaces.

Abstract: An apparatus for use with a patient having a vessel carrying blood to ascertain characteristics of the blood. The apparatus includes a display module and a probe having a distal extremity adapted to be inserted into the vessel of the patient and having a proximal extremity coupled to the display module. The probe includes a sensor in the distal extremity for providing an electrical signal to the display module when the probe is disposed in the blood. The probe can have an antithrombogenic surface treatment for inhibiting the adhesion of blood components to the probe when disposed in the blood.

Abstract: The present invention is directed towards apparatuses and methods for the automated measurement of blood analytes and blood parameters for bedside monitoring of patient blood chemistry. Particularly, the current invention discloses a programmable system that can automatically draw blood samples at a suitable programmable time frequency (or at predetermined timing), can automatically analyze the drawn blood samples and immediately measure and display blood parameters such as glucose levels, hematocrit levels, hemoglobin blood oxygen saturation, blood gases, lactate or any other blood parameter.

Abstract: A method and system are presented for use in determining one or more parameters of a subject. A region of interest of the subject is irradiated with acoustic tagging radiation, which comprises at least one acoustic tagging beam. At least a portion of the region of interest is irradiated with at least one electromagnetic beam of a predetermined frequency range. Electromagnetic radiation response of the at least portion of the region of interest is detected and measured data indicative thereof is generated. The detected response comprises electromagnetic radiation tagged by the acoustic radiation. This enables processing of the measured data indicative of the detected electromagnetic radiation response to determine at least one parameter of the subject in a region corresponding to the locations in the medium at which the electromagnetic radiation has been tagged by the acoustic radiation, and outputting data indicative of the at least one determined parameter.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a sensor for percutaneous insertion and intravascular residence without an indwelling cannula. In preferred embodiments, a glucose sensor is inserted into a blood vessel using a removable cannula. After the cannula is removed, the glucose sensor remains within the blood vessel by itself and forms a seal with the patient's tissue.

Abstract: A delivery extractor for use with a vacuum suction source and at least one monitor in vacuum assisted deliveries. The extractor comprises a cup-shaped element and a tubular stem joined to the cup-shaped element and in pneumatic communication with the vacuum suction source. The extractor also includes at least one non-invasive sensor positioned on and in mechanical communication with a sensor support so as to continuously contact the scalp of a fetus when the head of the fetus is positioned in the cup-shaped element. The sensor support is compressible within the cup-shaped element. The at least one sensor is in communication with the at least one monitor which monitors at least one physiological indicator of the well-being of the fetus during its transit through the birth canal. The invention also includes a system and method for using the above extractor.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide systems and methods for monitoring a patient to produce a signal representing a blood oxygen concentration. The signal may be analyzed to determine the presence of one or more sleep apnea events, and an integral of the signal may be calculated if the signal is outside of a set range or threshold.

Abstract: Analysis of metabolic gases by an implantable medical device allows the assessment of the status of a congestive heart failure patient by providing for the assessment of cardiac output. The present invention is directed to an implanted medical device configured to measure concentrations of metabolic gases in the blood to determine cardiac output of a patient. The device is also configured to measure changes in the cardiac output of a patient. The present invention is also directed to a method of measuring cardiac output by an implanted medical device. Further, the detection of changes in cardiac output utilizing an implanted medical device as disclosed herein is useful in a method of detecting exacerbation of congestive heart failure. The implanted medical device can also be used to pace a heart to modify cardiac output in a patient.

Abstract: Moisture may build up inside an alcohol monitor that is securely attached to a human subject due to the inlet air from the subject's skin surface which constantly emits water vapor in the form of insensible skin perspiration. As the warm moist air which has very high humidity flows along the air flow path through decreasing temperatures within the alcohol monitor, moisture will be removed from the air through condensation. The condensation problem is solved by lowering the humidity level in the air sample by mixing the very humid air sample from the body with less humid ambient air, which increases the dew point for condensation. Increasing the dew point in the air sample means that there must be a greater change in temperature along the air flow path of the air sample in order to cause the moisture in the air sample to condense and become water.

Abstract: An implantable substrate sensor has electronic circuitry and electrodes formed on opposite sides of a substrate. A protective coating covers the substrate, effectively hermetically sealing the electronic circuitry under the coating. Exposed areas of the electrodes are selectively left uncovered by the protective coating, thereby allowing such electrodes to be exposed to body tissue and fluids when the sensor is implanted in living tissue. The substrate on which the electronic circuitry and electrodes are formed is the same substrate or “chip” on which an integrated circuit (IC) is formed, which integrated circuit contains the desired electronic circuitry. Such approach eliminates the need for an hermetically sealed lid or cover to cover hybrid electronic circuitry, and allows the sensor to be made much thinner than would otherwise be possible. In one embodiment, two such substrate sensor may be placed back-to-back, with the electrodes facing outward.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and device for measuring blood gas parameters, preferably pH, pCO2, and pO2, in a blood sample, where the blood sample of a patient is fed into at least one measuring cell of an analyzer. In order to obtain accurate values for the blood gas parameters even in cases where the temperature of the patient deviates from normal temperature, the temperature of the patient or blood sample is measured upon sample withdrawal, and the measured temperature is transmitted to the analyzer or is recorded by the analyzer, and the temperature of the measuring cell of the analyzer is adjusted to the measured temperature by cooling or heating.

Abstract: Positioning of the distal end of a catheter at a desired location, for example, in the desired atrium of a patient's heart, can be determined or verified through measurement of blood gas values proximate to the distal end. In one embodiment, an oximeter is used to monitor oxygen saturation, for example, to distinguish between de-oxygenated venous blood and well-oxygenated arterial blood. Optical signals may be transmitted to the distal end of the catheter and received therefrom via optical fibers. Specifically, a catheter (300) has a number of optical fiber ends (308, 310 and 312) disposed at a distal end (304) thereof. A first fiber end (310) transmits the red and infrared optical signals. Fiber ends (308 and 312) are used for detecting reflected optical signals.

Abstract: A sensor is provided that is appropriate for transcutaneous detection of tissue or blood constituents. A sensor for tissue constituent detection may include a gas collection chamber with a conduit to a sensing component and a conduit from the sensing component to the chamber. A sensor as provided may also include a barrier layer to prevent water from infiltrating the sensor.

Abstract: Catheter systems with blood measurement device and methods are disclosed. An exemplary catheter system for use in positioning a distal end of a catheter body at a desired location in a patient's body may include a needle provided at the distal end of the catheter body to withdraw blood from the patient's body. The needle is fluidically connected to a proximal end of the catheter body. The catheter system may also include a measurement device provided at the proximal end of the catheter body. The measurement device is configured to receive blood withdrawn by the needle for measuring a blood gas value of the blood for use in positioning the distal end of the catheter body at the desired location in the patient's body.

Abstract: The present invention is directed towards apparatuses and methods for the automated measurement of blood analytes and blood parameters for bedside monitoring of patient blood chemistry. Particularly, the current invention discloses a programmable system that can automatically draw blood samples at a suitable programmable time frequency (or at predetermined timing), can automatically analyze the drawn blood samples and immediately measure and display blood parameters such as glucose levels, hematocrit levels, hemoglobin blood oxygen saturation, blood gases, lactate or any other blood parameter.

Abstract: An implanted heart monitor includes sensors that measure various aspects of the heart failure patient's heart. A remote heart monitoring system connects the implanted heart monitor to a care provider, such as a physician. The data provided by the implanted heart monitor permits the care provider to obtain valuable data on the heart in order to make health care decisions affecting the heart failure patient's treatment. In many cases, the measurement of core body temperature and other patient data will enable the care provider to alter the patient's treatment to address the patient's condition. The implanted heart monitor can communicate over a wireless communication link with an external monitor. The implanted heart monitor may be implemented as part of a pacing device (i.e., pace maker) or may be a separate unit devoted to monitoring functions. The external monitor communicates with a monitoring station over a communication link.

Abstract: An automatic feeding/sputum suction device, which mainly comprises a feeding syringe or sputum suction device, an air pump, a liquid food replenishing drum or oxygen/water supply device, three-way control valve, feeding duct or sputum suction duct, controller and detector strap, wherein the three-way control valve is connected with liquid food replenishing drum (oxygen/water supply device), feeding syringe (sputum suction device) and feeding duct (sputum suction duct).

Abstract: There is provided a mass exchange apparatus (114) for use in blood/air mass exchange comprising plural blood flow conduits for defining a blood flow from a blood flow inlet provided thereto; and plural air flow conduits for defining an air flow from an air flow inlet provided thereto. The plural air flow conduits and plural blood flow conduits at least partially comprise gas-permeable membrane material, and the conduits are arranged relative to each other such as to enable transfer of oxygen from the air flow to the blood flow and transfer of carbon dioxide from the blood flow to the air flow through the membrane material. The apparatus additionally comprises at least one sensor (170) for sensing patient respiratory demand; and a controller (160) for controlling the rate of blood/air mass exchange by separate control of the levels of carbon dioxide and oxygen in the air flow responsive to the sensing of patient respiratory demand by the sensor.

Abstract: The invention provides methods and apparatus for detecting an analyte in blood. The apparatus is particularly suited for bringing a sensor into direct contact with blood in vivo. The apparatus comprises a sensor that detects the presence of an analyte and an assembly means. The assembly means has a sensor end, wherein the sensor end of the assembly means is affixed to the sensor, and the assembly means is adapted for coupling with a venous flow device. By coupling with a venous flow device, the assembly means brings the sensor into direct contact with blood flowing through the venous flow device. Examples of venous flow devices that bring the sensor into direct contact with the blood of a subject include, but are not limited to, intravenous catheters and external blood loops, such as are used in extra corporeal membrane oxygenation or hemodialysis.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for detecting and monitoring body sounds in humans and animals, in which bioacoustic sensors and analyzers that are mounted downstream are used for the stationary or mobile long-term monitoring of intensive care patients' respiration, for example. The patients' lung sounds are detected and stored along with measured data which are available right away especially for the early detection of diseases and acute disturbances. Adequately monitoring intestinal sounds makes it possible to evaluate peristalsis and detect mechanical/paralytic ileus early on. An early warning system for the clinical sector immediately generates signals allowing doctors and nurses to take rapid action in case of an emergency.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a laryngoscope (1) comprising time indicating means (20). This medical device comprising a handle (2) having a distal portion and a proximal portion; a blade (3) adapted to be inserted into the respiratory tract of the patient; said blade comprising a distal portion and a proximal portion and said distal portion being in communication with said proximal portion of the handle (2); time indicating means (20) adapted to indicate that medical procedure of endotracheal intubation has been terminated or is to be terminated soon. The laryngoscope may also include sensing means (42). The present invention also discloses a method for endotracheal intubation of a patient by means of the aforesaid laryngoscope (1).

Abstract: Apparatus (10) is provided that includes at least one sensor (30), configured to sense a physiological parameter of a subject (12) and to sense large body movement of the subject (12), an output unit (24), and a control unit (14). The control unit (14) is configured to monitor a condition of the subject (12) by analyzing the physiological parameter and the sensed large body movement, and to drive the output unit (24) to generate an alert upon detecting a deterioration of the monitored condition. Other embodiments are also described.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for monitoring a patient (22) includes receiving physiological signals from the patient during sleep and processing at least one of the signals to detect a spontaneous stress event. One or more of the signals following the stress event are analyzed so as to evaluate a stress response of the patient.

Abstract: A monitoring system for cardiac operations with cardiopulmonary bypass comprising: a processor operatively connected to a heart-lung machine; a pump flow detecting device connected to a pump of the heart-lung machine to continuously measure the pump flow value and send it to the processor; a hematocrit reading device inserted inside the arterial or venous line of the heart-lung machine to continuously measure the blood hematocrit value and to send it to the processor; a data input device to allow the operator to manually input data regarding the arterial oxygen saturation and the arterial oxygen tension; computing means integrated in the processor to compute the oxygen delivery value on the basis of the measured pump flow, the measured hematocrit value, the preset value of arterial oxygen saturation, and the preset value of arterial oxygen tension; and a display connected to the processor to display in real-time the computed oxygen delivery value.

Abstract: A patient interface for communicating fluids to and/or from a patient's nasal cavity and/or oral cavity is disclosed. In addition, a patient interface for fluid and physiological function monitoring proximate to the patient's nasal cavity and/or oral cavity is disclosed. An apnea monitor and a method for monitoring apnea are also disclosed.