Abstract: A biomedical electrode patch having improved resistance to capacitive coupling to extraneous electric fields. The patch includes a conductive shield and a contact portion formed on an upper surface thereof. The contact portion extends through the film layer and contacts an electrode formed of a material suitable for conducting electrical signals from a patient. Conductive traces formed on the lower surface of the tab extend to contact pads. A nonconductive layer is printed over the traces and can have a shield formed thereon.

Abstract: The present invention is an article of manufacture and method for using same, comprising at least two self adhesive sensors having a paired offset potential of consistently below about +/?1.0 mV; and a data gathering device connected to the sensors capable of measuring the voltage difference between the sensors. The sensors preferably are AgCl coated Silver.

Abstract: A disposable, low profile biomedical sensor for detecting electrical signals from muscles and which consists of a framework of malleable and flexible component layers supporting an arrangement of conductor leads embedded within electrically conductive, adhesive, cross-linked hydrophilic polymer gel components configured to form signal detection and reference electrode contacts. The combination of component layers provides a sensor and lead cable that is flexible and can be contoured to conform to the underlying musculature. The mechanical and electrical configurations act in synergy to shield the sensor and lead cable from external electrical fields and suppress movement artifact.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides electrodes that possess hydrogels for contacting skin. In embodiments, an electrode of the present disclosure may include a substrate and a conductive composition on at least a portion of a surface of the substrate, the conductive composition including at least one hydrogel and at least one component capable of providing either a cooling or warming sensation upon contact with tissue of a patient. Methods for forming these hydrogels and electrodes are also provided.

Abstract: An electrode for selective attachment to at least one of a garment and a subject, is provided and includes a conductive member defining a first side and a second side; a conductive composition disposed on the first side of the conductive member, wherein the conductive composition has a first adhesive strength; a contact layer disposed on the second side of the conductive member, wherein the contact layer includes a pressure sensitive adhesive portion and a conductive hydrogel portion, wherein the pressure sensitive adhesive portion has a second adhesive strength that is greater than the adhesive strength of the conductive composition; whereby the electrode is adherable to the garment and to the subject such that the conductive composition is adhered to the subject and the pressure sensitive adhesive portion is adhered to the garment, wherein removal of the garment from the subject results in removal of the electrode from the subject.

Abstract: An adherent device to monitor a patient for an extended period comprises a breathable tape. The breathable tape comprises a porous material with an adhesive coating to adhere the breathable tape to a skin of the patient. At least one electrode is affixed to the breathable tape and capable of electrically coupling to a skin of the patient. A printed circuit board is connected to the breathable tape to support the printed circuit board with the breathable tape when the tape is adhered to the patient. Electronic components electrically are connected to the printed circuit board and coupled to the at least one electrode to measure physiologic signals of the patient. A breathable cover and/or an electronics housing is disposed over the circuit board and electronic components and connected to at least one of the electronics components, the printed circuit board or the breathable tape.

Abstract: Apparatus are provided for monitoring a condition of a tissue based on a measurement of an electrical property of the tissue. In an example, the electrical property of the tissue is performed using an apparatus disposed above the tissue, where the apparatus includes at least two conductive structures, each having a non-linear configuration, where the at least two conductive structures are disposed substantially parallel to each other. In another example, the electrical property of the tissue is performed using an apparatus disposed above the tissue, where the apparatus includes at least one inductor structure.

Abstract: An electronic device for long-term adhesion to a mammal includes a housing with an electronic component. The electronic device may include a first wing and a second wing, each being integrally formed with the housing. An electrode is positioned on a bottom surface of each of the wings, the electrodes electrically connected to the electronic component. An adhesive layer is provided for adhesion to a surface of the mammal. The adhesive layer may cover a portion of the bottom surfaces of the wings but generally does not cover the electrode or a bottom surface of the housing. A method of applying an electronic device to a mammal includes removing first and second adhesive covers from first and second wings of the electronic device to expose an electrode and an adhesive coated on a bottom surface of each wing.

Abstract: An electronic device for long-term adhesion to a mammal includes a housing with an electronic component. The electronic device may include a first wing and a second wing, each being integrally formed with the housing. An electrode is positioned on a bottom surface of each of the wings, the electrodes electrically connected to the electronic component. An adhesive layer is provided for adhesion to a surface of the mammal. The adhesive layer may cover a portion of the bottom surfaces of the wings but generally does not cover the electrode or a bottom surface of the housing. A method of applying an electronic device to a mammal includes removing first and second adhesive covers from first and second wings of the electronic device to expose an electrode and an adhesive coated on a bottom surface of each wing.

Abstract: The present invention relates to electrocardiography and to electrode arrangements used in electrocardiographic monitoring devices. An EKG patch may include a plurality of individual EKG patches, each comprising a base layer and a plurality of electrodes capable of receiving an electrical signal generated by the myocardium of a human heart. Each of the plurality of the individual EKG patches may be stacked on top of each other such that each electrode in an individual patch aligns and contacts with at least one corresponding electrode in an adjacent EKG patch, thereby allowing a free flow of electricity through the plurality of stacked EKG patches, and such that the bottom-most EKG patch may be contacted with the skin of a patient. A temporary or release adhesive may be placed between each of the plurality of EKG patches such that the bottom-most EKG patch may be peeled away from the stack after each use.

Abstract: Electrodes for use in electroencephalographic recording, including consciousness and seizure monitoring applications, have novel features that speed, facilitate or enforce proper placement of the electrodes, including aligning tabs and arrowed aligning juts, color coding, and an insulating bridge between reference and ground electrodes which ensures a safe application distance between the conductive regions of the two electrodes in the event of cardiac defibrillation. A method of using a set of four such electrodes is also disclosed.

Abstract: An electrode for measuring a bio potential includes a conductive adhesive having one side configured to have at least two metal electrodes attached thereto while the electrode is being used, and another side configured to be attached to a living body while the electrode is being used, the conductive adhesive having a predetermined area and a predetermined thickness; and a supporting element configured to support the conductive adhesive while the conductive adhesive is attached to the living body; wherein an impedance is formed between the at least two metal electrodes while the at least two metal electrodes are attached to the side of the conductive adhesive, the impedance depending on a thickness of the conductive adhesive and having a value that prevents the at least two metal electrodes from being shorted together.

Abstract: An electrode configured to provide electrical contact with a subject's skin and includes a conductive layer and a gel layer. The conductive layer spreads current and transmits electrical signals to and/or receives electrical signals from the subject's skin and has a first conductive surface through which electrical signals are transmitted to and/or received from the subject's skin. The first conductive surface is on a side of the conductive layer that faces toward the subject's skin if the electrode is installed on the subject. The gel layer is formed on the same side of the conductive layer as the first conductive surface. The gel layer has a first interface surface that directly contacts the subject's skin if the electrode is installed on the subject, and to conduct electrical signals between the subject's skin and the first conductive surface. The first interface surface has a surface area larger than that of the first conductive surface.

Abstract: Treatment of sleep conditions is disclosed, particularly snoring, sleep apnea and the related problem of dozing while driving or engaging in activity requiring full attention. Also disclosed are means and methods of pinpointing sleep patterns, particularly therapeutic treatment of sexual disorders. Monitoring of REM sleep cycles to optimize the time for awakening one from sleep is also disclosed.

Abstract: A biometric information sensing device for attaching to a body surface of a biological body for sensing the biometric information such as heartbeat, respiration, positioning, or body movement includes at least one piezoelectric layer having piezoelectric conversion function. The piezoelectric layer includes at least one bending portion and at least one adhesive portion, wherein the adhesive portion is directly or indirectly attached to the biological body to sense deformation of the surface of the biological body and the bending portion enhances the deformation to transform into an electrical sensing signal to transmit to a circuit broad, via signal processing and transmits to a remote control unit for analyzing the biometric information of the biological body. The sensitivity is enhanced by the bending portion of the piezoelectric layer to improve signal-to-noise ratio.

Abstract: A medical electrode demonstrates a superior adhesiveness to a patient's skin during medical data acquisition or treatment procedure yet attaining painless electrode removal from the skin when needed. The subject medical electrode is designed with adhesive neutralizer (or remover) solvent fully enveloped in one or several compartments embedded in an adhesive layer of the medical electrode unit. The compartments have a contact with the patient's skin when the electrode is attached thereto. When compressed by a medical personnel, the compartment releases the adhesive remover solvent directly to the skin-adhesive interface, thereby neutralizing (or removing) the adhesive material, thereby easing the electrode removal. The adhesive layer is made from PEO, sodium chloride, and water. The adhesive remover solvent contains isopropyl alcohol. A method of manufacturing the medical electrode is presented.

Abstract: Sensors for non-invasively determining tissue wetness/hydration based on relative changes in subsurface resistivities in tissue below the sensor when applied to a human body across different frequencies. A sensor including arrays of current-injecting and voltage-sensing electrodes may be placed on a subject's back to determine lung wetness. Sensors may be used as part of a systems and method for determining tissue water content, systems and methods for determining lung wetness, or the like. Sensors for determining relative changes in subsurface resistivities across frequencies and systems include arrays of electrodes used to determine relative changes in subsurface resistivities across frequencies may include pairs of current-injecting and voltage sensing electrodes.

Abstract: A biosignal measurement device includes an electrode and a signal processing member. The electrode includes an insulation sheet having a hole, a device contact portion provided on the top surface of the insulation sheet and a body contact portion provided on the bottom surface of the insulation sheet, the device contact portion and the body contact portion electrically connected to each other via the hole. The signal processing member includes an externally exposed terminal to make surface contact with the device contact portion, an analog signal processing unit, an A/D signal converter and a digital signal processing unit. Also, the device contact portion and the body contact portion are formed of a material which is both conductive and adhesive. Accordingly, the signal processing member may be directly attached. Noise may be reduced. Also, a biosignal may be accurately measured.

Abstract: An event-based bio-signal capturing system is disclosed. At least one bio-signal capturing device captures a bio-signal measured from biological beings; and at least one event capturing device captures an event and generates a corresponding event marker. A data recording device acquires the bio-signal and the event marker, wherein the bio-signal and the event marker are acquired with corresponding time reference for subsequent event-based data analysis.

Abstract: A thermal powered medical device generates power from a temperature differential between a living body and a differential temperature source. The power is supplied to power one or more electrical components of the medical device.

Abstract: A system for long-term non-invasive heart monitoring includes (1) a disposable unit that has built-in electrodes, a built-in wire antenna, a watertight chamber that can be opened and closed, and an adhesive surface for cutaneous mounting; (2) an electronic controller that can acquire, process and store physiological signals, and can be fitted into the disposable unit to establish electrical contact with the built-in electrodes; and (3) a portable communication unit that can wirelessly communicate bi-directionally with the electronic controller, and further communicate bi-directionally with a remote service center.

Abstract: Disclosed is a detachable biological signal measuring pad that may conveniently measure biological signals such as a pulse or body temperature. The biological signal measuring pad includes an adhesive pad main body detachably adhered to a body, a biological signal detecting electrode provided on an adhesive surface of the main body adhered to the body, and a module chip including a memory card mounted on the main body so as to be connected with the electrode and storing biological signals measured in the electrode, and provided on a surface opposite to the adhesive surface.

Abstract: A non-invasive fetal monitoring system includes a plurality of contact elements, each of the contact elements comprising a plurality of electrodes configured in a unique pattern. The plurality of contact elements are configured for attachment to an external skin surface of a pregnant female for detecting fetal and/or maternal electrical activity.

Abstract: A system for wireless generation of at least one standard ECG lead comprises a plurality of electrodes for application to a subject at separate points thereof and a remote receiver station for generating at least one standard ECG lead from signals detected by a first group of said plurality of electrodes. The system further comprises a wireless sensing unit for generating at least two non-standard ECG signals from bipolar signals detected by a second group of the plurality of electrodes, a processor in the remote receiver station for calculation of a transform synthesizing each generated standard ECG lead from at least two of the non-standard ECG signals, a disconnection unit for disconnection of the first group of electrodes from the subject following the calculation, and a transfer unit for wireless transferring of the non-standard ECG signals to the remote receiver station following the disconnection of the first group of electrodes.

Abstract: A medical electrode includes a backing layer having a top face and a bottom face, and a shrinkable layer covering at least a portion of the top face of the backing layer. Shrinkage of the shrinkable layer results in flexing of a portion of the backing layer to aid placement and attachment of the electrode to the patient.

Abstract: Nanofiber adhesives and their uses with device, such as medical devices, are described. In one embodiment, a nanofiber adhesive layer may be disposed on a surface of a medical device, such as a backing layer of a sensor, for adhesion to a substrate. The nanofiber adhesive layer may allow durable adhesion to the substrate. Other described features may include materials and methods to determine the attachment of the medical device to a patient by determining the adhesive state of the adhesive layer.

Abstract: Disclosed are a wearable monitoring apparatus and a driving method thereof. The wearable monitoring apparatus comprises: a sensor unit for measuring a biological signal from a human body, wherein the sensor unit is adhered to a skin; and a control unit for searching a location of the sensor unit, supplying power to the sensor unit, and receiving and processing the biological signal from the sensor unit, wherein the control unit is formed to be wearable.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a device, which can be attached to a subject's skin with an adhesive collar. The device can be a sensor, an actuator or a marker. Preferably, the device is a sensor, and more preferably in the form of a wet or dry electrode sensor, and most preferably, a dry electrode sensor. The invention is used to attach the device to a subject's prepared or unprepared skin so that the device can remain attached to the subject for an extended period of time with minimal skin irritation, breakdown, or re-application, and preferably with no skin irritation, breakdown, or re-application.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus combine patient measurement data with demographic or physiological data of the patient to determine an output that can be used to diagnose and treat the patient. A customized output can be determined based the demographics of the patient, physiological data of the patient, and data of a population of patients. In another aspect, patient measurement data is used to predict an impending cardiac event, such as acute decompensated heart failure. At least one personalized value is determined for the patient, and a patient event prediction output is generated based at least in part on the personalized value and the measurement data. For example, bioimpedance data may be used to establish a baseline impedance specific to the patient, and the patient event prediction output generated based in part on the relationship of ongoing impedance measurements to the baseline impedance. Multivariate prediction models may enhance prediction accuracy.

Abstract: Conductive compositions for use with medical electrodes are provided. The conductive compositions utilize a surfactant capable of both reducing the surface tension of the conductive composition as well as increasing the viscosity of the conductive composition. Methods of preparing these conductive compositions are also provided.

Abstract: An adherent device to monitor a patient comprises an adhesive patch to adhere to a skin of the patient. At least four electrodes are connected to the patch and capable of electrically coupling to the patient. Impedance circuitry is coupled to the at least four electrodes to measure a hydration signal of the patient. Electrocardiogram circuitry is coupled to at least two of the at least four electrodes to measure an electrocardiogram signal of the patient. An accelerometer can be mechanically coupled to the adhesive patch to generate a signal in response to at least one of an activity or a position of the patient.

Abstract: A system for facilitating remote medical diagnosis and consultation of heart disease for a patient, the system comprising: a diagnostic device for performing Electrocardiography on the patient, a network device in communication with the diagnostic device via wired or wireless communication links, a software program pre-installed in the network device, a server located remotely, wherein during operation, the patient activates the diagnostic device which will perform Electrocardiography on the patient, the diagnostic device receives diagnostic data and transmits the diagnostic data to the network device, the software program transmit the diagnostic data to over a network to a server which a physician have access to, and based on the diagnostic data gathered by the server and some additional medical data, the physician can review the patient's health condition and offer an appropriate feedback and diagnosis for the patient.

Abstract: A self-prepping ECG electrode assembly is provided. The electrode assembly includes an electrode element, an electrode stud, an abrasive member, an electrolyte gel, a cover member and a securing member. The electrode element and electrode stud are adapted to be rotatable within the electrode assembly. The electrode assembly may be used with a drive tool. The electrode assembly may be placed on the skin of a patient. The skin of the patient may be prepped for an ECG by inserting the drive tool into a bore formed in the electrode stud and turning the drive tool to achieve an oscillating rotation. In this manner the abrasive pad preps the patient's skin for the ECG procedure.

Abstract: The present invention is an article of manufacture and method for using same, comprising at least two self adhesive sensors having a paired offset potential of consistently below about +/?1.0 mV; and a data gathering device connected to the sensors capable of measuring the voltage difference between the sensors. The sensors preferably are AgCl coated Silver.

Abstract: An apparatus including a chest strip including a plurality of precordial leads positioned to correspond with desired lead placement for an electrocardiogram; and a plurality of limb leads coupled to the chest strip. A system including a chest strip including a plurality of precordial leads positioned to correspond with desired lead placement for an electrocardiogram; a plurality of limb leads coupled to the chest strip; and a transmitter coupled to plurality of precordial leads and the plurality of limb leads to transmit signals generated by the plurality of precordial leads and the plurality of limb leads. A method including coupling a chest strip including a precordial leads to a newborn; and generating an electrocardiogram from the precordial leads.

Abstract: A disposable electrode patch for medical purposes comprises a flexible, elongated substrate with a first and a second surface, a first adhesive material disposed on a first adhesive area at a first end of the first surface, and a second adhesive material disposed on a second adhesive area at a second end of the first surface. Electrodes are arranged between the first and second adhesive areas on the first surface of the substrate. In use, the electrode patch is folded around a body part in such a way that the electrodes on the first surface make contact with the skin of the body part, while the first and second adhesive areas of the first surface are pinched together to form a stable assembly surrounding the body part.

Abstract: Systems and methods for assessment of sleep quality in adults and children are provided. These techniques include an apparatus worn above the forehead containing the circuitry for collecting and storing physiological signals. The apparatus integrates with a sensor strip and a nasal mask to obtain the physiological signals for the user. The form factor of this apparatus is comfortable, easy to self-apply, and results in less data artifacts than conventional techniques for capturing physiological data for analyzing sleep quality. Neuro-respiratory signals are analyzed using means to extract more accurate definitions of the frequency and severity of sleep discontinuity, sleep disordered breathing and patterns of sleep architecture. Biological biomarkers and questionnaire responses can also be compared to a database of healthy and chronically diseased patients to provide a more accurate differential diagnosis and to help determine the appropriate disease management recommendations.

Abstract: The invention provides a monitoring device (1) for attachment to a surface of a subject. The device comprises a data collector (2) and a processor (3) as two separate parts which can be detachably joined such that physiological signals which are detected by the data collector can be transferred to the processor for signal processing and provision of monitoring data. At least one of the data collector and the processor comprises a transducer which can convert the physiological signal to a data signal which can be processed electronically. The data collector is adapted for adhesive contact with a skin surface, and may comprise an adapter (6) for the detachable attachment of the processor.

Abstract: A two-part sensor (1) comprising a first part comprising a sensing device (3) which senses information, a second part comprising a receiving device (5) which receives a measure of the information, and a connector (7) comprising at least one first portion (21) which is magnetic and is attached to one of the sensing device and the receiving device, and at least one second portion (23) which is magnetizable and is attached to an other of the sensing device and the receiving device, wherein the first portion and the second portion are connectable and disconnectable to connect and disconnect the sensing device and the receiving device.

Abstract: The system for displaying muscle force data includes a wearable patch and a remote visual display. The wearable patch carries electrodes suitable for sensing electromyographic signals on the skin of the patient. The patch carries circuitry which converts the detected electromyographic signal to a digital output which can be transmitted to the remote visual display. The circuitry relies on filtering to produce a usable digital signal at very low power consumption. The transmitted signal can be used to drive a variety of visual displays, including a conventional hand-held personal communicators and entertainment devices which had been programmed to suitably process the visual display.

Abstract: An electronic device for long-term adhesion to a mammal includes a housing with an electronic component. The electronic device may include a first wing and a second wing, each being integrally formed with the housing. An electrode is positioned on a bottom surface of each of the wings, the electrodes electrically connected to the electronic component. An adhesive layer is provided for adhesion to a surface of the mammal. The adhesive layer may cover a portion of the bottom surfaces of the wings but generally does not cover the electrode or a bottom surface of the housing. A method of applying an electronic device to a mammal includes removing first and second adhesive covers from first and second wings of the electronic device to expose an electrode and an adhesive coated on a bottom surface of each wing.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a mountable unit for biological signal measurement, including: three electrodes; and a support body configured to support the three electrodes at positions corresponding to a positional relationship among a predetermined position on a forehead on one side of a face bounded by a midline, a temple position on the one side of the face, and a predetermined position on a zygomatic body on the one side of the face.

Abstract: A medical electrical lead electrode assembly includes an insulative carrier and at least one conductive component. The at least one conductive component includes an electrode portion disposed on a first side of the carrier and at least one tab extending away from the electrode portion, through the carrier to a second side of the carrier. The electrode portion of the at least one component includes an outward facing contact surface and an inward facing surface, the inward facing surface being disposed opposite the contact surface and against a surface of the first side of the carrier. The electrode assembly further includes a joint coupling a flexible elongate conductor to the tab of the at least one component on the second side of the carrier, and an insulative layer extending over the joint and the tab and the conductor, the insulative layer being bonded to the second side of the carrier.

Abstract: According to at least one example, an ambulatory medical device is provided. The device includes a plurality of electrodes disposed at spaced apart positions about a patient's body and a control unit. The control unit includes a sensor interface, a memory and a processor. The sensor interface is coupled to the plurality of electrodes and configured to receive a first ECG signal from a first pairing of the plurality of electrodes and to receive a second ECG signal from a second pairing of the plurality of electrodes. The memory stores information indicating a preferred pairing, the preferred pairing being either the first pairing or the second pairing. The processor is coupled to the sensor interface and the memory and is configured to resolve conflicts between interpretations of first ECG signal and the second ECG signal in favor of the preferred pairing.

Abstract: A medical electrode includes a moderately conductive flexible member having a top side and a bottom side with a plurality of highly conductive patterns disposed on the conductive flexible member bottom side in a spaced apart relationship. A moderately highly conductive layer disposed on the conductive flexible member bottom side and covering the conductive patterns, for adhering the electrode to a patient's skin. A connector is provided for establishing electrical contact with an external apparatus. The connector includes a leadwire having conductive portions in electrical communication with the conductive patterns and non-conductive portions between the conductive patterns. Control over conductivity between the leadwire conductive portion and the conductive pattern is provided.

Abstract: An ECG monitoring device comprises an integral handheld device including a ECG electronic module and an electrode patch having a plurality of electrodes which contact a subject by conductive hydrogel. A release liner covers and protects the hydrogel prior to use and is removed to expose the hydrogel. A second release liner is removed to expose a pressure sensitive adhesive by means of which the device is attached to a subject. The first and second release liners may be parts of a single release liner layer. After use the electrode patch is disposable and the ECG electronic module is detached from the patch for reuse.

Abstract: A device for an electrode part for a wireless biopotential measurement unit for attaching to the body, the measurement unit comprising a signal processor and transmitter part, and the electrode part including at least one measuring electrode for measuring a biopotential, the at least one measuring electrode communicating with the signal processor and transmitter part, at least the electrode part being provided with, on its side facing away from the body, a substantially covering screen material which is electrically connected to an earth electrode, the earth electrode being in contact with the body. The measuring electrode is surrounded by and isolated from an electrically conductive material, which is earthed to the signal processor and transmitter part.

Abstract: An adherent device is configured to adhere to the skin of the patient with an adherent patch, for example breathable tape, coupled to at least four electrodes. The device comprises impedance circuitry coupled to the at least four electrodes and configured to measure respiration of the patient to detect sleep apnea and/or hypopnea. The impedance circuitry may be used to measure hydration of the patient. An accelerometer can be mechanically coupled to the adherent patch such that the accelerometer can be coupled to and move with the skin of the patient. Electrocardiogram circuitry to generate an electrocardiogram signal may be coupled to at least two of the at least four electrodes to detect the sleep apnea and/or hypopnea.

Abstract: Methods, devices and kits for monitoring a physiological parameter using a portable physiological parameter detection and monitoring device.

Abstract: A self-adhering sensor for non-invasively attaching to a portion of a skin is provided. The sensor comprises a biocompatible substrate, and an array of solid nanoelectrodes coupled to the biocompatible substrate and configured to self-adhere to the skin. Also provided is a sensor for attaching to a portion of a skin, where the sensor comprises an array of solid electrodes configured to self-adhere to the skin, where each of the solid structures comprises a stem and one or more projections extending out from the stem, where both the stem and the projections are solid. The stem comprises a mechanical stopper to control the extent of penetration of the solid electrodes into the skin. The sensor further comprises an electrolyte coating disposed on one or more of the solid structures.