Abstract: Medical devices and methods for making and using medical devices are disclosed. An example medical device may include a medical device for measuring blood pressure. The medical device may include an elongated shaft having a proximal region and a distal region and a lumen extending therethrough and an optical pressure sensing block disposed within the lumen, the optical pressure sensing block including a distal portion bearing a pressure sensing membrane and a proximal portion forming an optical fiber connector extending proximally from the proximal portion. The optical fiber connector may be configured to be coupled to an optical fiber extending through the lumen.

Abstract: An apparatus for non-invasively estimating blood pressure is provided. Thee apparatus for estimating blood pressure may include a bio-signal measurer configured to measure a bio-signal from a user and a processor configured to estimate blood pressure using the measured bio-signal. The processor may extract a first feature and a second feature from the bio-signal at an extraction time, estimate changes in the first feature and the second feature which have occurred during a time period from a calibration time at which the first feature and the second feature are calibrated to the extraction time at which the first feature and the second feature are extracted, and estimate a blood pressure based on the changes in the first feature and the second feature.

Abstract: A measurement apparatus includes a plurality of sensors wearable on different parts of a human body and a controller configured to acquire an output value of each of the sensors. The sensor each outputs an output value to calculate the same type of biological information by optical measurement, the controller selects either the sensor on the basis of each output value of the sensors, and determines a measured value of the biological information on the basis of an output values of the sensors selected.

Abstract: Systems, methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer readable media for measuring and analyzing galvanic skin response. Responses to stimuli including electromagnetic waves and mechanical waves, as well as substances exposed to electromagnetic waves and mechanical waves, are recorded and analyzed. Electromagnetic waves and mechanical waves are constructed based on biological outputs in one embodiment.

Abstract: Systems, methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer readable media for measuring and analyzing galvanic skin response. A system for measuring galvanic skin response includes an electrical conductivity meter (ECM) electrically connected to a positive electrode and a negative electrode and a server platform in network communication with the ECM. The ECM includes at least one processor and at least one memory. The positive electrode is in contact with a point on a hand or a foot of a subject. A circuit is created between the ECM and the subject including the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The positive electrode includes a pressure sensor to indicate an amount of pressure applied by a tip of the positive electrode on the point. The server platform includes artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms to detect variations in the pressure applied by the positive electrode during a session and/or across multiple sessions.

Abstract: To identify physiological states that are predictive of a person's performance, a system provides physiological and behavioral interfaces and a data processing pipeline. Physiological sensors generate physiological data about the person while performing a task. The behavioral interface generates performance data about the person while performing the task. The pipeline collects the physiological and performance data along with reference data from a population of people performing the same or similar tasks. In various implementations, the physiological states are brain states. In one implementation, the pipeline computes bandpower ratios.

Abstract: The invention provides a system and method for measuring vital signs (e.g. SYS, DIA, SpO2, heart rate, and respiratory rate) and motion (e.g. activity level, posture, degree of motion, and arm height) from a patient. The system features: (i) first and second sensors configured to independently generate time-dependent waveforms indicative of one or more contractile properties of the patient's heart; and (ii) at least three motion-detecting sensors positioned on the forearm, upper arm, and a body location other than the forearm or upper arm of the patient. Each motion-detecting sensor generates at least one time-dependent motion waveform indicative of motion of the location on the patient's body to which it is affixed.

Abstract: A vascular baroreflex-related sympathetic activity (VBRSA) detection device, a VBRSA detection program, and a VBRSA detection method capable of detecting in a simple and non-invasive manner VBRSA, which is sympathetic nervous activity of a blood vessel involved in a baroreflex function, are provided. The VBRSA detection device detects the VBRSA based on pulse wave data on a biological artery and a beat interval corresponding to the pulse wave data. The VBRSA detection device includes a VBRSA-series detecting unit that detects, as a VBRSA series indicative of VBRSA, a series where, from among the series in which the beat interval increases or decreases by n (n is a natural number 3 or more) beats consecutively, a correlation coefficient for the beat interval and pulse wave data is greater than any positive threshold up to the (n-1)-th beat and the correlation coefficient at the n-th beat falls to or below the threshold.

Abstract: A method of determining one or more vital sign parameters by a wireless vital-sign measurement device comprises: measuring motion information of a user wearing the wireless measurement device, the measurement device being in the idle mode in which at least one opto-electronic sensor in the measurement device is deactivated; switching the measurement device in an active mode if the motion information is below a predetermined threshold, wherein in the active mode the at least one opto-electronic sensor is activated; during a predetermined measuring period, exposing part of a skin tissue of the user to light and measuring one or more optical response signals associated with the exposed skin tissue and the motion sensor measuring motion information associated with movements of the user; and, selecting or rejecting one or more pulses in the one or more optical response signals on the basis of the motion information measured during the measuring period and determining one or more vital sign parameters on the basis

Abstract: A device (2) for an ophthalmological illumination system (1) comprising a light instrument (3) for illuminating the intraocular space of a human or animal eye (33) comprises a housing (4) having a proximal housing end (5), a distal housing end (6), and an opening (7) in the proximal housing end (5). The housing (4) delimits a receptacle space (8), which extends in a manner proceeding from the opening (7) in the proximal housing end (5) along a longitudinal direction (L) in the direction of the distal housing end (6). The receptacle space (8) is configured for receiving the light instrument (3) through the opening (7) in the proximal housing end (5). The housing (4) comprises at least one translucent material at least in the region (10) of the distal housing end (6).

Abstract: Disclosed is a system to provide adaptive tuning through a control system to a finger cuff connectable to a patient's finger to be used in measuring the patient's blood pressure in the patient's artery by a blood pressure measurement system utilizing a volume clamp method. When the finger cuff is placed around the patient's finger, the bladder and the LED-PD pair aid in measuring the patient's blood pressure by the blood pressure measurement system utilizing the volume clamp method, wherein the adaptive tuning system: applies a first pressure impulse and measures a pleth versus time response; from the pressure versus time response, determines pleth servo gains that compensate for delays in a pleth response of the finger; and uses the determined pleth servo gains in the control system in measuring the patient's blood pressure by the blood pressure measurement system utilizing the volume clamp method.

Abstract: An implantable vital sign sensor including a housing including a first portion, the first portion defining a first open end, a second open end opposite the first end, and a lumen there through, the first portion being sized to be implanted substantially entirely within the blood vessel wall of the patient. A sensor module configured to measure a blood vessel blood pressure waveform is included, the sensor module having a proximal portion and a distal portion, the distal portion being insertable within the lumen and the proximal portion extending outward from the first open end.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising at least one light source, at least one photodetector, a first layer of optical material configured to embed the at least one light source, and a second layer of optical material configured to embed the at least one photodetector. The first and second layer of optical material are configured to guide light from the at least one light source and to prevent the light from the at least one light source directly reaching the at least on photodetector, and the second layer of optical material is configured to guide light towards the at least one photodetector.

Abstract: It is provided a wearable device for determining when a user has fallen down. The wearable device comprises: a first biometric sensor for obtaining first biometric data of the user, wherein the first biometric sensor is a first accelerometer configured to measure acceleration of a part of a first limb of the user; a second biometric sensor for obtaining second biometric data of the user comprising a finger pressure parameter; and a third biometric sensor for obtaining third biometric data, the third biometric sensor being a second accelerometer configured to measure acceleration of a body part of the user being distinct from the first limb. The wearable device is configured to determine an identity of the user is based on the first biometric data, the second biometric data and the third biometric data, the identity being used to control access to a physical space, and to determine when the user has fallen down.

Abstract: A method and system for using ultrasound for evaluating pressure of a vessel of a user, the method including: providing an ultrasound system configured to be placed at a body region proximal the vessel of the user, generating a correlation between a set of push pulse parameters and a set of push pulse-dependent values associated with the vessel, wherein generating the correlation includes providing a push pulse and determining a push pulse-dependent value based on the push pulse, generating a pressure value from the vessel based on the correlation, and generating a pressure waveform from the pressure value and a set of supplemental pressure values.

Abstract: A pulse wave detection method includes: increasing a pressing force of a pressing member for pressing a strain sensor fixed thereto against a body surface, the flexible strain sensor having a plurality of strain detection elements arranged on a substrate; determining a deformation stop timing at which deformation of a detection face of the strain sensor has been stopped based on the strain detection signal detected by each of the plurality of strain detection elements in a pressure raising process in which the pressing force is increased; setting a level of the strain detection signal detected at the deformation stop timing as a reference level; calibrating the first strain detection signal detected after the deformation stop timing based on the reference level; and generating a pressure signal from the calibrated first strain detection signal.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to reduce the influence of pump ripple and to achieve fast control of cuff pressure with a general purpose magnetic valve when continuously measuring blood pressure. A blood pressure meter 1 includes a pump 11, a cuff 12 to be mounted on the site of blood pressure measurement of a subject, a first valve 13, a first pressure sensor 14, a detection sensor 18, a second valve 23, and a second pressure sensor 24. The blood pressure meter 1 also includes a valve opening adjustment unit 42 and a blood pressure measurement unit 43. The first valve 13 adjusts discharge volume of the pump 11 and the second valve 23 adjusts cuff pressure inside the cuff 12. The first pressure sensor 14 detects the discharge pressure of the pump 11, the second pressure sensor 24 detects the cuff pressure, and the detection sensor 18 detects the amount of light associated with the volume of the artery at the site of blood pressure measurement of the subject.

Abstract: According to one implementation, an optical observation system includes an optical fiber and at least one detection system. The optical fiber has at least one curved portion as a sensor for inputting light which has occurred in a test region. The optical fiber inputs the light from the at least one curved portion and transmits the light. The at least one detection system detects the light transmitted by the optical fiber. Further, according to one implementation, an optical observation method includes: inputting light, which has occurred in a test region, from at least one curved portion of an optical fiber and transmitting the light; and detecting the light transmitted by the optical fiber.

Abstract: The invention provides a system and method for measuring vital signs (e.g. SYS, DIA, SpO2, heart rate, and respiratory rate) and motion (e.g. activity level, posture, degree of motion, and arm height) from a patient. The system features: (i) first and second sensors configured to independently generate time-dependent waveforms indicative of one or more contractile properties of the patient's heart; and (ii) at least three motion-detecting sensors positioned on the forearm, upper arm, and a body location other than the forearm or upper arm of the patient. Each motion-detecting sensor generates at least one time-dependent motion waveform indicative of motion of the location on the patient's body to which it is affixed.

Abstract: Provided are methods of monitoring for a hemodynamically significant heart rhythm disturbance. The methods include obtaining baseline photoplethysmography (PPG) data from an individual, obtaining PPG signals from the individual during a monitoring period, comparing the PPG signals obtained during the monitoring period to the baseline PPG data, and producing an output when a hemodynamically significant heart rhythm disturbance is detected. In some aspects, the heart rhythm disturbance is detected based on a threshold reduction in PPG amplitude in the PPG signals obtained during the monitoring period compared to the baseline PPG data for a selected period of time; a threshold decreased slope in the initial positive deflection in PPG signals obtained during the monitoring period compared to the baseline PPG data for a selected number of consecutive beats; or both. Also provided are computer-readable media and computing devices that find use, e.g., in practicing the methods of the present disclosure.

Abstract: Intravascular devices, systems, and methods are disclosed. In some embodiments, the intravascular devices are guide wires that include a capacitive pressure-sensing component disposed at a distal portion of the guide wire. Methods of making such intravascular devices, including various manufacturing and assembling techniques, are disclosed. Systems associated with such intravascular devices and methods of using such devices and systems are also disclosed.

Abstract: Vital sign sensor apparatuses which measures vital signs based on arterial pressure waveforms are described. In some embodiments, the apparatus includes an infrared sensor configured to capture at least a portion of an arterial pulse pressure waveform from a user. The apparatus further includes a processor configured to determine a maximum point for each of a plurality of peaks of the arterial pulse pressure waveform, and a corresponding first timestamp. The processor also determines one or more vital signs (e.g., a heart rate for a user, a heart rate variation of the user, a respiration rate of the user, and/or an arterial pulse pressure of the user) based at least in part on the plurality of maximum points and the plurality of corresponding timestamps. Related systems, methods, and articles of manufacture are also described.

Abstract: A device for radiating pulsed light toward a thrombus in a blood vessel includes a light source configured to output monitoring light to be radiated into the blood vessel, a light detector configured to detect returned light of the monitoring light and output a detection signal, and a computer configured to acquire a time waveform, which is a change in an intensity of the returned light over time, based on the detection signal, wherein the computer is configured to obtain a parameter on the basis of the time waveform and evaluates a reaction in the blood vessel according to the radiation of the pulsed light on the basis of the parameter.

Abstract: Intravascular diagnosis apparatus and methods are disclosed. In one aspect of the disclosed technology, a intravascular diagnosis apparatus includes a monitoring guidewire and a display unit. The monitoring guidewire includes a core wire and a sensor disposed in a distal region of the core wire. The display unit includes a processor and a display screen, and is capable of receiving communication from the monitoring guidewire. The display unit is configured to perform computations using the processor based on communications received from the monitoring guidewire and is configured to display information on the display screen based on the computations. The display unit can be configured to be disposed after a predetermined number of uses or after a predetermined duration of use.

Abstract: A blood pressure measurement apparatus includes circuitry configured to: detect a pulse of a subject, and obtain a photoplethysmography signal; and obtain estimated blood pressure of the subject based on the photoplethysmography signal. The circuitry receives parameter information, generates time information based on the photoplethysmography signal, applies a blood pressure estimation equation to the time information and the parameter information to calculate the estimated blood pressure, receives basic blood pressure information for the subject and the time information, and performs learning processing of applying a learning operational equation to statistical time information, which is obtained by performing statistical processing on the time information, and the basic blood pressure information to update the parameter information.

Abstract: Devices and methods for detecting events indicative of heart failure (HF) decompensation status are described. An ambulatory medical device can determine the present physiologic state as being either a drift state or a stable state, and applies an algorithm to detect HF decompensation event according to the physiologic state. In some embodiments, the ambulatory medical device uses the present physiologic state to estimate one ore more expected future signal characteristics, and to detect HF decompensation event using the one or more expected futures signal characteristics.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for determining blood pressure in a blood vessel, according to which a pulse wave propagation time is caluculated in a measuring operation by means of at least two sensors arranged at a defined distance from one another. The method is characterized in that the blood pressure is calculated using a calibration carried out by means of a compression pressure measurement.

Abstract: An implantable vital sign sensor including a housing including a first portion, the first portion defining a first open end, a second open end opposite the first end, and a lumen there through, the first portion being sized to be implanted substantially entirely within the blood vessel wall of the patient. A sensor module configured to measure a blood vessel blood pressure waveform is included, the sensor module having a proximal portion and a distal portion, the distal portion being insertable within the lumen and the proximal portion extending outward from the first open end.

Abstract: This relates to an electronic device with dynamically reconfigurable apertures to account for different skin types, usage conditions, and environmental conditions and methods for measuring the user's physiological signals. The device can include one or more light emitters, one or more light sensors, and a material whose optical properties can be changed in one or more locations to adjust the optical path and the effective separation distances between the one or more light emitters and one or more light sensors or the size, location, or shape of the one or more dynamically reconfigurable apertures. In some examples, the material can be a liquid crystal material, MEMS shutter layer, or light guide, which can form the one or more dynamically reconfigurable apertures. In some examples, the light emitters or light sensors or both can be an array of individually addressable optical components.

Abstract: In an ultrasound diagnostic apparatus, a vascular wall tracker tracks pulsation-originated vascular wall movement based on reception signals obtained through transmission and reception of ultrasonic beams by an ultrasound probe to and from a subject, and a pulsating timing determiner determines pulsating timing by detecting pulsation-originated periodic changes in the vascular wall movement tracked by the vascular wall tracker in each of sound rays, obtaining a detection time point as a pulsating timing candidate in each of the sound rays, and statistically analyzing pulsating timing candidates in the respective sound rays within a single pulse duration. The ultrasound diagnostic apparatus can accurately measure the state of a blood vessel merely using information obtained through ultrasound examination without electrocardiographic waveforms.

Abstract: A testing device according to the present invention includes a housing including a skin surface sheet and an upper surface cover. A hollow needle configured to interlock with the upper surface cover and a testing reagent or equipment are accommodated in the housing. Through deformation of the upper surface cover by application of an external force, the hollow needle perforates the skin. A body fluid flows in the space inside of the housing and is brought into contact with the testing reagent or equipment to acquire information on the body fluid. Through recovery of the upper surface cover to an original shape by elimination of the external force, the hollow needle again becomes accommodated in the housing.

Abstract: Photoplethysmographic device for measuring a heart rhythm, comprising a housing having a contacting surface and a control unit, a photoplethysmographic sensor mechanically attached to the contacting surface and connected to the control unit, wherein the control unit is arranged to receive a photoplethysmographic signal from the photoplethysmographic sensor, a fastening band having a first end and a second end, the first end and second end attached to the device for attaching the device to a subject with the contacting surface contacting the subject's skin, a pressure sensor attached to the contacting surface in close proximity to the photoplethysmographic sensor. The control unit is arranged determining whether the pressure from the pressure sensor is in a range suitable for photoplethysmographic measurement by the photoplethysmographic sensor.

Abstract: A method of estimating a blood pressure based on an image is provided. The method includes obtaining, by camera, an image including a skin of a user, determining, by a computer device, a skin region, in which at least one portion of the skin is displayed, from the image, and storing a mean value of color data of a designated color model for each of two target regions which have different positions in the skin region from each other, estimating, by the computer device, a pulse-wave transit time (PTT) based on a pulse wave signal determined based on a change in the mean value of the color data for each of the two target regions, and estimating, by the computer device, the blood pressure using the PTT.

Abstract: Medical devices and methods for making and using medical devices are disclosed. An example method may include a method for calculating fractional flow reserve including providing a pressure sensing guidewire, advancing the pressure sensing guidewire through a blood vessel to a first position distal of an intravascular occlusion, determining a distal pressure within the body lumen with the pressure sensing guidewire, proximally shifting the pressure sensing guidewire to a second position proximal of the occlusion, determining a proximal pressure within the body lumen with the pressure sensing guidewire, measuring an aortic pressure, and calculating a pressure drift. The pressure drift may be the difference between the aortic pressure and the proximal pressure. The method may also include calculating a drift-compensated fractional flow reserve. The drift-compensated fraction flow reserve may correspond to (the distal pressure+the pressure drift) divided by the aortic pressure.

Abstract: Some embodiments of an infusion pump system include an occlusion detection system to detect when an occlusion exists in the fluid path between the medicine reservoir and the infusion site located, for example, on the user's skin. The occlusion detection system can be configured to self-calibrate in a manner that accounts for changes in environmental conditions, such as ambient temperature, pressure, or the like, so that the occlusion detection system provides reliable feedback to a user as to the occluded or non-occluded state of the medicine flow path.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for treatment of heart failure, hypertension and renal failure by stimulating the renal nerve. The goal of therapy is to reduce sympathetic activity of the renal nerve. Therapy is accomplished by at least partially blocking the nerve with drug infusion or electrostimulation. Apparatus can be permanently implanted or catheter based.

Abstract: An apparatus (100), control system (150) and methods are provided for directly measuring a pressure gradient, i.e. by real-time pressure measurements, with particular application for in situ measurement of transvalvular blood pressure gradients for the aortic valve and other heart valves, using minimally-invasive techniques. The apparatus takes the form of a multi-sensor assembly, e.g. enclosed within a micro-catheter or a steerable guidewire, and comprises a plurality of optical pressure sensors (10) is arranged along a length of the distal end portion (101), for measuring pressure simultaneously at each sensor location. For example, four MOMS optical pressure sensors (10), and optionally, a flow sensor (20), are incorporated into a distal end portion (101) having a diameter of 0.89 mm or less, and preferably 0.46 mm or less.

Abstract: Systems, methods and devices for reducing noise in health monitoring including monitoring systems, methods and/or devices receiving a health signal and/or having at least one electrode or sensor for health monitoring.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a device for noninvasive blood pressure measurement by means of two pressure cuffs (10, 20) each having one sensor (6, 8), the output signal of which is a function of the blood pressure to be measured and of the cuff pressure, characterized in that, first in a reference phase, the cuff pressure of at least one pressure cuff is varied and the maximum output signals of the sensor occurring at the systolic blood pressure are detected at the different cuff pressures, the dependence of the maximum output signal from the sensor (6, 8), occurring at the systolic blood pressure, on the transmural pressure is determined, and the curve of the reference phase quotient is determined as a function of transmural pressure and saved, then, in a measurement phase during a pulse beat, two signal values are determined at two different cuff pressures by means of a control unit, and a measurement phase quotient is formed from these two signal values, and, by comparing the measurement phase qu

Abstract: A monitoring device configured to be attached to the ear of a person includes a base, an earbud housing extending outwardly from the base that is configured to be positioned within an ear of a subject, and a cover surrounding the earbud housing. The base includes a speaker, an optical emitter, and an optical detector. The cover includes light transmissive material that is in optical communication with the optical emitter and the optical detector and serves as a light guide to deliver light from the optical emitter into the ear canal of the subject wearing the device at one or more predetermined locations and to collect light external to the earbud housing and deliver the collected light to the optical detector.

Abstract: The technology described in this document is embodied in a method that includes processing data in a first dataset that represents time-varying information about at least one pulse pressure wave propagating through blood in a subject acquired at a location of the subject. The data is acquired while the subject is in a situation associated with risk indicated by the data.

Abstract: The technology described in this document is embodied in a method that includes processing data in a first dataset that represents time-varying information about at least one pulse pressure wave propagating through blood in a subject acquired at a location of the subject. The data in the first and second datasets is acquired while the subject is in a situation that requires at least a predetermined amount of alertness of the subject.

Abstract: The technology described in this document is embodied in a method that includes processing data in a first dataset that represents time-varying information about at least one pulse pressure wave propagating through blood in a subject acquired at a location of the subject. The method also includes predicting a medical event of the subject based on the processed data.

Abstract: Medical devices and methods for making and using medical devices are disclosed. An example method may include a method for calculating fractional flow reserve including providing a pressure sensing guidewire, advancing the pressure sensing guidewire through a blood vessel to a first position distal of an intravascular occlusion, determining a distal pressure within the body lumen with the pressure sensing guidewire, proximally shifting the pressure sensing guidewire to a second position proximal of the occlusion, determining a proximal pressure within the body lumen with the pressure sensing guidewire, measuring an aortic pressure, and calculating a pressure drift. The pressure drift may be the difference between the aortic pressure and the proximal pressure. The method may also include calculating a drift-compensated fractional flow reserve. The drift-compensated fraction flow reserve may correspond to (the distal pressure+the pressure drift) divided by the aortic pressure.

Abstract: A mobile blood pressure monitor is described that includes an integrated acoustic device, an optical sensor including at least one of a light source or a pulse oximeter device, and control circuitry coupled to the integrated acoustic device and the optical sensor. Additionally, a mobile electronic device configured to measure blood pressure is described that includes a mobile system and a mobile blood pressure monitor as disclosed above. In implementations, a process for measuring blood pressure includes sensing a heart sound with an integrated acoustic device, measuring a blood pulse rate at a peripheral site with an optical sensor, calculating a pulse wave transit time using a sensed heart sound and a measured blood pulse rate, and correlating a blood pressure using the heart sound and the blood pulse rate.

Abstract: A system is provided including a thoracic bio-impedance or bio-reactance (TBIR) analysis module, a photoplethysmograph (PPG) analysis module, and a cardiac output module. The TBIR module is configured to obtain TBIR information from a TBIR detector, and the PPG analysis module is configured to obtain PPG information from a PPG detector. The cardiac output module is configured to determine the cardiac output of a patient using the TBIR information and the PPG information.

Abstract: Tools and techniques for estimating and/or predicting a patient's current and/or future blood pressure. In some cases, the tools will analyze physiological data captured from the patient against a model of blood pressure values to estimate/predict the patient's blood pressure value. In particular cases, derived parameters, such as a patient's compensatory reserve index (“CRI”) can be analyzed against such models, while in other cases, data captured from sensors can be directly analyzed against such models.

Abstract: A physiological information measuring apparatus includes a first detection unit, having a first light emitting unit and a first light receiving unit, separated from one another by a first distance. A second detection unit of the physiological information measuring apparatus has a second light emitting unit and a second light receiving unit, separated from one another by a second, different distance. Alternatively, the second detection unit shares the first light emitting unit with the first detection unit and has a second light receiving unit. Alternatively, the second detection unit shares the first light receiving unit with the first detection unit and has a second light emitting unit. A measuring unit of the physiological information measuring apparatus measures the physiological information of a user based on light received by the light receiving unit or light receiving units.

Abstract: The present invention provides a personal band held monitor comprising a signal acquisition device for acquiring signals which can be fixed to derive a measurement of a parameter related to the health of the user, the signal acquisition device being integrated with a personal hand-held computing device. The present invention also provides a signal acquisition device adapted to be integrated with a personal handheld computing device to produce a personal hand-held monitor as defined above.

Abstract: A physiological monitoring system may receive a sensor signal from a physiological sensor. The system may generate an estimate of the sensor signal based on, for example, prior received signals. The estimate signal may be subtracted from the sensor signal using a transimpedance amplifier to generate a difference signal. A gain and/or offset may be applied to the difference signal by the amplifier. The amplified difference signal may be digitized and combined with the estimate signal to generate a high resolution digital representation of the sensor signal. Physiological information such as blood oxygen saturation, pulse rate, respiration rate, respiration effort, blood pressure, hemoglobin concentration, any other suitable physiological parameters, or any combination thereof, may be determined using the digitized sensor signal.