Abstract: A device and method for determining intravascular pressure and irregular needle placement in a hemodialysis procedure include analyzing means for automatically deriving venous access pressure (VAP) at a location of venous needle insertion into the patient and determining a ratio of VAP to mean arterial pressure, where the analyzing means determines multiple VAP values over multiple time periods and determines multiple ratios, one for each VAP value. Detecting means compare each ratio to a predetermined standard ratio derived from a moving average of prior VAP ratios, where the detecting means detects irregular needle placement when elevation of the ratio above the standard ratio is indicated.

Abstract: A variable indication estimator which determines an output value representative of a set of input data. For example, the estimator can reduce input data to estimates of a desired signal, select a time, and determine an output value from the estimates and the time. In one embodiment, the time is selected using one or more adjustable signal confidence parameters determine where along the estimates the output value will be computed. By varying the parameters, the characteristics of the output value are variable. For example, when input signal confidence is low, the parameters are adjusted so that the output value is a smoothed representation of the input signal. When input signal confidence is high, the parameters are adjusted so that the output value has a faster and more accurate response to the input signal.

Abstract: Methods and systems for assessing pulmonary or systemic vascular resistance in a patient using pressure measurements are disclosed. An illustrative method of measuring pulmonary vascular resistance includes electrically inducing a retrograde pressure pulse within the heart, sensing at least one arterial pressure parameter in response to the retrograde pressure pulse using a pressure sensor located within a pulmonary artery, and computing a value of the pulmonary vascular resistance using the at least one sensed arterial pressure parameter. Data from multiple pulmonary vascular resistance assessments can be taken over an extended period of time within the patient to aid in detecting an underlying cardiac or pulmonary condition such as cardiogenic pulmonary edema.

Abstract: A device having a sensor detecting patient physiological data, a detection element detecting whether a medical professional is present in a patient's room and a display. If a medical professional is present in the patient's room, the display displays a first display mode, the first display mode including the patient physiological data. If a medical professional is not present in the patient's room, the display displays a second display mode, the second display mode being adapted for viewing by lay viewers.

Abstract: In an ultrasonic blood pressure meter 1, changes in blood pressure in a peripheral artery measured by a blood pressure meter 2 are input from an input unit 40. A blood vessel diameter measuring unit 120 measures changes in the blood vessel diameter of a central artery using ultrasound. A calibrating unit 130 calibrates a parameter related to a blood pressure estimation process for estimating central blood pressure from the blood vessel diameter of the central artery, using results of measurement by the blood pressure meter 2 and the blood vessel diameter measuring unit 120 during a given correspondence period, of a one-heartbeat period, in which the relationship between the blood vessel diameter of the central artery and the blood pressure in the peripheral artery corresponds to the relationship between the blood vessel diameter of the central artery and the central blood pressure.

Abstract: Embodiments include a system for determining cardiovascular information for a patient. The system may include at least one computer system configured to receive patient-specific data regarding a geometry of the patient's heart, and create a three-dimensional model representing at least a portion of the patient's heart based on the patient-specific data. The at least one computer system may be further configured to create a physics-based model relating to a blood flow characteristic of the patient's heart and determine a fractional flow reserve within the patient's heart based on the three-dimensional model and the physics-based model.

Abstract: Systems and methods of monitoring a subject's neurological condition are provided. In some embodiments, the method includes the steps of analyzing a physiological signal (such as an EEG) from a subject to determine if the subject is in a contra-ictal condition; and if the subject is in a contra-ictal condition, providing an indication (e.g., to the subject and/or to a caregiver) that the subject is in the contra-ictal condition. The systems and methods may utilize a minimally invasive, leadless device to monitor the subject's condition. In some embodiments, if the subject is in a pro-ictal condition, the method includes the step of providing an indication (such as a red light) that the subject is in the pro-ictal condition.

Abstract: There is provided a measurement apparatus including a blood pressure calculation unit configured to calculate a blood pressure value based on electrocardiography information relating to an electrocardiogram of a measurement subject and pulse wave information relating to a pulse wave of the measurement subject, and a chest contact measurement unit that includes an electrocardiography measurement unit that is brought into contact with a chest of the measurement subject to measure the electrocardiogram and a pulse wave measurement unit configured to measure the pulse wave from a pulse wave detection site of the measurement subject.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an integrated system and a method for utilizing the system to detect and remove blood-borne factors of interest, such as pathogens and/or toxins and/or cytokines, from blood or serum (blood) by contacting the blood with a solid, essentially nonporous substrate which has been surface treated with molecules or chemical groups (the adsorbent media or media) having a binding affinity for the pathogens and/or toxins to be removed (the adsorbents). The invention can be used to remove virulence factors, e.g. toxins, that are released from various pathogens. In one aspect, the invention is for the treatment of sepsis and infection, such as infections associated with battle field trauma.

Abstract: An electronic sphygmomanometer has a causing unit that causes a constant volume change in a cuff and a causing processing unit for controlling a drive of the causing unit for a period for which a first pressure control (for example, depressurization control) is made so as to execute a process for giving a constant volume change to the cuff. Further, the electronic sphygmomanometer includes a measurement control unit that controls based on a cuff pressure signal measurement of a pulse wave amplitude and a pressure change property with respect to the volume change. The electronic sphygmomanometer includes a correction processing unit that corrects the measured pulse wave amplitude based on the measured pressure change property and a blood pressure calculating unit that calculates a blood pressure value based on the corrected pulse wave amplitude.

Abstract: Methods, systems and devices are provided for reducing the amount of data, processing and/or power required to analyze hemodynamic signals such as photoplethysmography (PPG) signals, pressure signals, and impedance signals. In response to detecting a specific event associated with a cyclical body function, a hemodynamic signal is continuously sampled during a window following the detecting of the specific event, wherein the window is shorter than a cycle associated with the cyclical body function. The hemodynamic signal is then analyzed based on the plurality of samples. This description is not intended to be a complete description of, or limit the scope of, the invention. Other features, aspects, and objects of the invention can be obtained from a review of the specification, the figures, and the claims.

Abstract: A method of delivery of medical data via a trusted end-to-end communication link. The method comprises obtaining a measurement of a parameter of a human being by a first sensor, obtaining a biometric from the human being by a second sensor, receiving input from the first and second sensors by a secure application executing in a trusted security zone of a processor, whereby access to the input from the first and second sensors by applications executing in a normal partition of the processor is blocked, wherein the input from the first and second sensors comprises the measurement of the parameter and the biometric, and transmitting a message based on the input from the first and second sensors via a trusted end-to-end communication link to a medical data server, wherein an application that receives the message executes in a trusted security zone of the server.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a framework for facilitating adaptive control of monitoring devices. In accordance with one aspect, a position detector detects a chest elevation level and provides chest elevation level data. A processor uses the chest elevation level data to determine a heart elevation level with respect to a reference level. A comparator compares the determined heart elevation level with an elevation level of a monitoring device with respect to the reference level. In response to the comparison, a movement system adjusts the elevation level of the monitoring device.

Abstract: A method of measuring differential pressure between a left ventricle and an aorta across an aortic valve for diagnosis of aortic stenosis using a coaxial dual lumen pigtail catheter that utilizes coaxial construction incorporating a thin wall guiding catheter technology for the outer lumen and using a strong braided diagnostic technology for the central lumen to accommodate high-pressure injections. The catheter includes a manifold body to provide for connection to each of the dual lumens. The distal end of the coaxial dual lumen pigtail catheter tapers to a more flexible portion that is perforated by spiral side holes to provide for more undistorted pressure readings in the left ventricle. The coaxial dual lumen pigtail catheter also utilizes proximal straight sideholes at the end of the dual lumen portion and a taper between the dual lumen portion and the single lumen portion.

Abstract: An implantable system for monitoring a hydration state of a patient and adjusting fluid removal from the patient includes a pressure sensor implantable within an inferior vena cava of the patient and a processor. The pressure sensor senses and generates an output representative of a baseline inferior vena caval pressure value of the patient and chronically senses and generates outputs representative of an inferior vena caval pressure value of the patient. The processor compares differences between the baseline inferior vena caval pressure value and subsequent inferior vena caval pressure values. The processor can reside in another implantable device or in an external device/system.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for increasing arterial compliance. The methods generally involve administering to an individual in need thereof an effective amount of relaxin. The present invention further provides methods of increasing arterial compliance in individuals who have Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes. The present invention further provides methods of increasing arterial compliance in perimenopausal, menopausal, and post-menopausal women. The present invention further provides methods of increasing arterial compliance in individuals who have or who are at risk of developing age-associated arterial stiffness.

Abstract: The present invention provides a technique for continuous measurement of blood pressure based on pulse transit time and which does not require any external calibration. This technique, referred to herein as the ‘Composite Method’, is carried out with a body-worn monitor that measures blood pressure and other vital signs, and wirelessly transmits them to a remote monitor. A network of body-worn sensors, typically placed on the patient's right arm and chest, connect to the body-worn monitor and measure time-dependent ECG, PPG, accelerometer, and pressure waveforms. The disposable sensors can include a cuff that features an inflatable bladder coupled to a pressure sensor, three or more electrical sensors (e.g. electrodes), three or more accelerometers, a temperature sensor, and an optical sensor (e.g., a light source and photodiode) attached to the patient's thumb.

Abstract: Embodiments include a system for determining cardiovascular information for a patient. The system may include at least one computer system configured to receive patient-specific data regarding a geometry of the patient's heart, and create a three-dimensional model representing at least a portion of the patient's heart based on the patient-specific data. The at least one computer system may be further configured to create a physics-based model relating to a blood flow characteristic of the patient's heart and determine a fractional flow reserve within the patient's heart based on the three-dimensional model and the physics-based model.

Abstract: Though mechanocardiogram is considered to have a high medical value, mechanocardiogram recording device is large in size and very expensive, obtained data lacks reliability, a measurement algorithm has not been settled, use of an apexcardiogram for diagnosis is not useful for diagnosis of the circulatory system, and there has been no measuring equipment capable of measuring pexcardiogram which contribute to determination of heal condition of a living body to be measured. For measurement of heartbeat of a living body, measuring device which allows simple measurement of apexcardiogram at bedside has been developed using a pressure sensor and/or wave sensor capable of measuring change in pressure at multiple portions adjacent to one another, and simple electronic circuit.

Abstract: A system and method prevents and diagnoses deep vein thrombosis in a body limb by providing a pressure sleeve having a plurality of individually fillable cells, the pressure sleeve being configurable to be placed around a body limb. A source fills each fillable cell individually, and a pressure sensor measures a pressure in a fillable cell. A controller establishes a fill sequence of each individually fillable cell and a fill time for each individually fillable cell. The controller causes a first individually fillable cell of the pressure sleeve to be filled to a predetermined pressure and causes the pressure of first individually fillable cell of the pressure sleeve to be measured while a second individually fillable cell of the pressure sleeve is filled. The controller determines a presence of deep vein thrombosis in a body limb having the pressure sleeve therearound based upon a measured pressure change in the first individually fillable cell of the pressure sleeve.

Abstract: An improved method and apparatus for non-invasively assessing one or more hemodynamic parameters associated with the circulatory system of a living organism. In one aspect, the invention comprises a method of measuring a hemodynamic parameter (e.g., arterial blood pressure) by applanating or compressing portions of tissue proximate to the blood vessel of concern until a desired condition is achieved, and then measuring the hemodynamic parameter. Such applanation effectively mitigates transfer and other losses created by the tissue proximate to the blood vessel, thereby facilitating accurate and robust tonometric measurement. An algorithm adapted to maintain optimal levels of applanation is also described. Methods and apparatus for scaling such hemodynamic parameter measurements based on subject physiology, and providing treatment to the subject based on the measured parameters, are also disclosed.

Abstract: A physiology monitoring system and a physiology monitoring method are disclosed. The physiology monitoring system includes a physiological information sensor, a data analysis device and an application service system. The physiological information sensor is suitable for sensing physiological information of a user. The data analysis device is suitable for receiving data of the physiological information from the physiological information sensor, calculating a plurality of data features of the data, determining whether each data feature has an alert condition event, calculating occurrence probabilities of a plurality of critical condition events or a plurality of physiology condition events by using the corresponding alert condition event or events, and determining a critical condition or a physiology condition of the user according to the occurrence probabilities. The application service system can provide the user with a service according to the critical condition or a physiology condition of the user.

Abstract: Provided are a pressurizing module and a blood pressure measuring device including the pressurizing module. The pressurizing module includes a driving block optionally discharging compressed air; and a bellows-type airbag formed to overlap with the driving block, and comprising an inner space accommodating the compressed air discharged from the driving block, a plurality of wrinkles flattened so as to expand the inner space, and a pressurizing surface formed at an end portion of the wrinkles and spaced apart from the driving block as the inner space expands.

Abstract: Systems and methods for determining cardiac output are disclosed. An illustrative method of determining cardiac output includes sensing an arterial pressure waveform using a pressure sensor located within a pulmonary artery, identifying a valve closure time associated with the pulmonary valve using the sensed arterial pressure waveform, estimating stroke volume using the systolic portion of the arterial pressure waveform and the valve closure time, and obtaining a measure of cardiac output based on the estimated stroke volume.

Abstract: A medical device monitors a patient to predict worsening heart failure. An input circuit of the medical device receives a pressure signal representative of a pressure sensed within a ventricle of the patient's heart as a function of time. A processor derives from the pressure signal a ventricular pressure index for a ventricular contraction based upon pressures in the ventricle. The processor then provides an output based upon the ventricular pressure index.

Abstract: A measurement device is provided. A sensor senses a vessel pulse waveform of a specific region of an object to generate a vessel pulse signal in a measurement mode. In the measurement mode, a first electrode generates a first potential signal, and the second electrode generates a second potential signal. A first analog front-end circuit digitizes the vessel pulse signal to generate a digital vessel pulse signal in the measurement mode. In the measurement mode, a second analog front-end circuit obtains an electrocardiogram signal according to the first and second potential signals and digitizes the electrocardiogram signal. A memory stores the digital vessel pulse signal and the electrocardiogram signal. A processor determines a polarity of the electrocardiogram signal in the measurement mode to indicate that the specific region is on a left or right part of a body of the object.

Abstract: In accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure, a ballistocardiogram (BCG) sensor is used to detect heart and vascular characteristics of a user, and provide a BCG output indicative of the detected cardiovascular characteristics. The BCG output can be used for various purposes, such as detecting arterial aging. Secondary sensors can be used in conjunction with the BCG and can be used to determine the central arterial blood pressure, when used in conjunction with a peripheral blood pressure measurement.

Abstract: The invention provides a method and an apparatus for a continuous non-invasive and non-obstrusive monitoring of blood pressure. The method comprises the steps of: a) measuring the value (PW) of a Pulse Wave parameter, equal to or derived from the Pulse Wave Velocity (PWV) parameter of a segment of the arterial tree of a subject, b) measuring the value (CO) of the Cardiac Output parameter, and c) determining the value (BP) of the blood pressure that satisfies B ? ? P = arg ? ? min BP ? ? d ? ( P ? ? W , ? ( C ? ? O , B ? ? P ) ) , where PW is the value measured in step a), (CO, BP) corresponds to a predicted value of the Pulse Wave parameter computed according to a model of the segment of the arterial tree, the value (CO) of the Cardiac Output parameter measured in step b) and an hypothesized value of the blood pressure.

Abstract: A therapy regimen, e.g., a contingent medication prescription, may be created and automatically distributed to a patient via an integrated patient care system. A clinician may create therapy instructions by at least associating patient conditions with one or more therapy regimens, e.g., medication prescriptions. In some examples, the integrated patient care system may present historical condition data to the clinician to aid the clinician with creating and/or updating the therapy instructions specific to the patient. A therapy module of the integrated patient care system may use the therapy instructions to automatically select a therapy regimen from the therapy instructions based on a patient condition detected based on a sensed physiological parameter. The physiological parameter of the patient may be sensed by an implanted or external sensor. In some examples, the therapy regimen can be presented to the patient according to a predetermined schedule or in response to the detected condition.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for noninvasively estimating a blood pressure are provided. A target interval is determined from a diastolic signal such that the target interval includes an S2 component. The S2 component is extracted from the diastolic signal using the target interval and is analyzed in the target interval to obtain a number of oscillations in the S2 component. A predetermined relationship between the number of oscillations in the S2 component and blood pressure is used to generate a blood pressure estimate.

Abstract: A cuff of a pulse wave meter equipped with an arteriosclerosis degree judgment device has air bags for compressing a living body having a double structure along an artery including an avascularization air bag and a pulse-wave measuring air bag. Provided at outer circumferential sides of these air bags are a curler for integrally pressing these air bags against an upper arm, and an air bag for pressing the curler from the outer circumferential side. A member for suppressing vibrations is provided between a curler-compressing air bag and the pulse-wave measuring air bag, and suppresses propagation of vibrations from the curler-compressing air bag to the pulse-wave measuring air bag. The pulse wave meter measures a pulse wave based on changes in internal pressure in the pulse-wave measuring air bag while the avascularization air bag provides avascularization at the peripheral side.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to display features that facilitate observation of monitored physiological data. According to certain embodiments, a monitoring system may include a monitor capable of receiving data related to the physiological parameters and storing data related to the parameters. The monitor may include a microprocessor configured to determine a blood pressure baseline from the data and to establish an alarm sensitivity for blood pressure based on the blood pressure baseline. The alarm sensitivity may comprise a first tier, a second tier, a third tier, and a fourth tier, and each tier may correspond to a blood pressure range. The alarm sensitivity may relate to an acceptable percent shift of the blood pressure from the blood pressure baseline, and the acceptable percent shift for at least one of the tiers is different from the acceptable percent shift of another one of the tiers.

Abstract: A system for continuously monitoring the blood pressure of a patient over an extended time interval requires using a blood pressure measuring unit (e.g. a sphygmomanometer) to calibrate an oximeter. Specifically, the oximeter is used to continuously detect and measure amplitudes for each blood flow pulse of the patient. Periodically, the sphygmomanometer is used to measure blood pressures (systolic and diastolic) in an artery of the patient. Immediately after the measurement cycle is completed, a computer correlates the measured systolic pressure with the pulse amplitude that is detected by the oximeter. Thereafter, the pulse amplitudes that are detected by the oximeter are used as indications of variations in the systolic pressure during the extended time interval that follows.

Abstract: A system and method for non-invasively detecting intracranial pressure (ICP) of a living being by detecting impedance mismatches between carotid arteries and cerebral vessels via a reflection of the carotid pressure waveform using a pressure sensor positioned against the palpable carotid artery, as well as analyzing the reflection and comparing the analysis with known cerebral vasculature data, to calculate ICP non-invasively. A remote blood pressure waveform can also be used to compensate for blood system impedance.

Abstract: An electronic sphygmomanometer, which measures blood pressure in accordance with the volume compensation method, detects a cuff pressure inside a cuff attached to a measurement site of the blood pressure. An arterial volume detection circuit detects an arterial volume signal of the measurement site. A drive control unit, after setting the cuff pressure to an initial cuff pressure, servo-controls a cuff pressure adjustment unit so that a volume of an artery becomes constant, based on the detected arterial volume signal. While the servo control is being performed, an arterial volume change amount is detected based on the detected arterial volume signal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device and a method for estimating central systolic blood pressure based on oscillometric signals from brachial artery by the use of a pressure cuff.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and systems to periodically monitor the emotional state of a subject comprising the steps of: exposing the subject to a plurality of stimuli during a session; acquiring objective data from a plurality of monitoring sensors, wherein at least one sensor measures a physiological parameter; transferring the data to a database; and processing the data to extract objective information about the emotional state of the subject.

Abstract: A blood pressure measurement device includes a case, an electrocardiogram electrode, a pulse wave sensor, an estimation portion, and a display portion. The case has a peripheral surface to be held with both hands. The electrocardiogram electrode detects an electrocardiogram signal associated with a movement of a heart through at least one of the hands. The pulse wave sensor detects a pulse wave signal associated with the movement of the heart through a least one of the hands. The estimation portion estimates a blood pressure based on the electrocardiogram signal and the pulse wave signal. The display portion displays the blood pressure estimated by the estimation portion.

Abstract: A multifunctional invasive cardiovascular diagnostic measurement host is disclosed that interfaces a variety of sensor devices, such as guide wire-mounted pressure sensors, flow sensors, temperature sensors, etc, and provides a multi-mode graphical user interface providing a plurality of displays in accordance with the various types of sensors and measurements rendered by the sensors.

Abstract: The present invention proposes a method and a device for long-term monitoring of the arterial vascular stiffness and vascular calcification on a particular patient, wherein a characteristic variable for the arterial vascular stiffness is determined exclusively from the shape and/or the characteristic of at least one pressure pulse wave caused by a cardiac contraction as a function of time and is stored as a time series for the particular patient. In particularly preferred embodiments, the characteristic variable is represented as a trend and serves the physician as a basis for long-term monitoring of the arterial vascular stiffness.

Abstract: A multifunctional invasive cardiovascular diagnostic measurement host is disclosed that interfaces a variety of sensor devices, such as guide wire-mounted pressure sensors, flow sensors, temperature sensors, etc, and provides a multi-mode graphical user interface providing a plurality of displays in accordance with the various types of sensors and measurements rendered by the sensors.

Abstract: The therapy device stores the time profiles of the blood pressure and of other influencing variables during preceding therapy procedures. The time profile of the blood pressure and of other influencing variables during the actual therapy is also recorded. An analytical comparison is then made between the time profiles of the blood pressure and of other influencing variables during the actual measurement procedure and those during preceding therapy procedures. Depending on the comparison, a prospective blood pressure control is carried out in order to prevent drops in blood pressure in a subsequent time period.

Abstract: A method of diagnosing cerebrovascular autoregulation in a patient includes measuring blood pressure of the patient, measuring, non-invasively, venous oxygen content of the patient's brain substantially simultaneously with the measuring blood pressure, correlating the blood pressure and the venous oxygen content measurements in a time domain, and determining a cerebrovascular autoregulation state of the patient based on the correlating the blood pressure and the venous oxygen content measurements.

Abstract: The apparatus comprises a pressure sensor providing readings of a blood pressure of the patient and storage means for storing the readings as a pressure curve over time. Blood pressure is measured. The frequency difference between heart rate and breathing rate is used to separate the respiratory effect from the heart activity. In particular, the Fourier transform of the blood pressure and the spectral density are used to determine the contribution of each frequency. The respiratory and cardiac power spectra are determined. The ratio between both powers is calculated as the quotient of the integrals over the cardiac power spectrum and the respiratory power spectrum. A parameter usable to characterize volume responsiveness is determined using above ratio and a correction factor.

Abstract: Methods, systems, devices and computer program products for providing maintenance, guidance and/or control of certain systems are disclosed. Typically, in some aspects the systems are complex. Also disclosed are methods, systems, devices and computer program products for providing therapeutic guidance for controlling a subject's circulation. One such method comprises the steps of: (i) determining the subject's present and desired circulatory states as a function of at least mean systemic filling pressure (Pms), heart efficiency (EH) and systemic vascular resistance (SVR); (ii) determining a target direction of a trajectory from the subject's present circulatory state to said subject's desired circulatory state, wherein treatment of the subject so as to traverse the trajectory will cause the subject's circulatory state to move towards a desired circulatory state; and (iii) visually representing the target direction of the trajectory.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for easily and accurately measuring a biological signal by using a wristwatch-type measurement module. After a band of the wristwatch-type measurement module is tightened to wear on a user's wrist, the band is further tightened to make the wristwatch-type measurement module closely contact the user's wrist. An operation mode of the wristwatch-type measurement module closely contacting the user's wrist is switched from a normal mode to a measurement mode, and a user's biological signal is measured from the user's wrist through the wristwatch-type measurement module in the measurement mode. The user's biological signal is then displayed through the wristwatch-type measurement module.

Abstract: A network-based medical patient servicing system includes a network-connected server having at least one processor and at least one connected data repository, software executing on the at least one processor from a non-transitory medium, the software providing a first function for importing into at least one electronic interface an interactive list of preset and confirmed on-location appointments made by patients or persons acting in behalf of those patients, a second function for dispatching one or more medically equipped non-physician assistants having at least one network-capable appliance to the preset and confirmed appointment locations, a third function for establishing network connectivity between the at least one network appliance and the electronic interface and, a fourth function for recording subsequent session data relative to interaction between a physician and at least the one or more non-physician assistants operating at the appointment locations.

Abstract: According to some embodiments, systems and methods are provided for non-invasive continuous blood pressure determination. In some embodiments, a PPG signal is received and locations of pulses within the PPG signal are identified. An area within a particular pulse is measured. The area may be of just the upstroke, downstroke or the entire pulse. The area may be measured relative to a time-domain axis or a baseline of the pulse. The pulse may be split into multiple sections and the area of each section may be measured. The area of one portion of the pulse may correspond to systolic blood pressure while the area of another portion may correspond to diastolic blood pressure. Empirical data may be used to determine blood pressure from the measured area by applying calibration data measured by a suitable device.

Abstract: Systems and methods provide intrabody communication using acoustic telemetry. The system includes a first or control implant including a first acoustic transducer, and a second implant including a switch and a second acoustic transducer coupled to the switch. The second acoustic transducer receives acoustic signals from the first acoustic transducer for closing the switch to activate the second implant. The second implant may include a sensor for measuring a physiological parameter that is transmitted using acoustic signals including the physiological data to the first implant. For example, the second implant may measure pressure in the patient's heart that may be used by the first implant to control a pacemaker. Alternatively, the second implant may blood sugar concentration that may be used by the first implant to control an insulin pump. Alternatively, the first implant may store and transfer the data to an external device for monitoring the patient.

Abstract: A weight management system comprised of a body worn device which interfaces periodically with a computer. The established weight goals of the user are translated by the computer into daily activity targets and downloaded into the device. The device monitors the user's activity, offering progress status toward the daily activity target. Further, the device alerts the user of excessive sedentary periods which depress metabolic indicators. The activity targets, allowed length of sedentary periods and suggested activities to reach goal are specific to the individual based on their biometrics and living environment. The computer provides historical tracking of activity for motivational and coaching purposes.