Abstract: Intravascular devices, systems, and methods are disclosed. In some instances, the intravascular device is a guide wire that includes separate sections with engaged core components. For example, a sensing guide wire can include a proximal portion having a proximal core member and at least one proximal electrical conductor and a distal portion coupled to the proximal portion, the distal portion having a distal core member, a sensing element, and at least one distal electrical conductor coupled to the sensing element, wherein engagement structures of the proximal and distal core members are engaged and wherein the at least one distal electrical conductor is coupled to the at least one proximal electrical conductor such that the at least one proximal electrical conductor is in electrical communication with the sensing element. Methods of making, manufacturing, and/or assembling such intravascular devices and associated systems are also provided.

Abstract: Devices and methods for vascular navigation, assessment and/or diagnosis are disclosed where a location detection system generally includes an elongate body defining a lumen at least partially along a length of the elongate body. One or more sensors are positioned near or at a distal tip of the elongate body and one or more openings are defined along the elongate body in proximity to the one or more sensors. The one or more openings are configured to control a boundary distance between the one or more sensors and a fluid with a parameter of a known initial value when emitted from the one or more openings. A controller is in communication with the one or more sensors and is configured to track a change in the parameter relating to concentration over the one or more sensors and determine a position of the one or more sensors within a body.

Abstract: The invention relates to a system for determining blood flow within a blood vessel (18). A fluid infusion unit (4, 10, 11) continuously infuses a fluid into the blood vessel, and a temperature values determining unit (14, 21) determines simultaneously a first temperature value at a first location and a second temperature value at a second location such that the first temperature value is indicative of the temperature of the fluid and the second temperature value is indicative of the temperature of a mixture of the fluid and the blood. The blood flow is determined based on the measured first and second temperature values and the infusion rate. This kind of determining the blood flow leads to an increased accuracy and is less cumbersome than known techniques requiring a movement of a temperature sensor for measuring temperatures at different locations.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a lead. The method includes providing a supporting tube, and disposing a conductive strip on an outer surface of the supporting tube such that the conductive strip extends in an axial direction along a length of the supporting tube. The method also includes mounting a chip having a first conductive contact pad and a second conductive contact pad to the supporting tube such that the first conductive contact pad is in contact with the conductive strip. The method further includes fitting an electrode to the supporting tube such that the electrode is in contact with the second conductive contact pad, and coupling a conductor to each end of the supporting tube such that each conductor is in contact with the conductive strip. The method also includes covering at least one of the chip and the conductors with a sheath to provide the lead.

Abstract: A medical system for minimally-invasive measurement of blood flow in an artery (AT). An interventional device (IVD) with an optical fiber (FB) comprising a plurality of temperature-sensitive optical sensor segments, e.g. Fiber Bragg Gratings, spatially distributed along its longitudinal extension is configured for insertion into an artery (AT). A temperature changer (TC) is arranged in the WD to introduce a local change in temperature (?T) of a bolus of blood in the artery, to allow thermal tracking over time with the optical fiber (FB). A measurement unit (MU) with a laser light source (LS) delivers light to the optical fiber (FB) and receives light reflected from the optical fiber (FB) and generates a corresponding time varying output signal. A first algorithm (A1) translates this time varying output signal into a set of temperatures corresponding to temperatures at respective positions along the optical fiber (FB).

Abstract: Methods and systems for characterizing fluids from a patient are disclosed. The method includes receiving a time series of images of a conduit receiving fluids from the patient, identifying a conduit image region in each of the images, classifying a flow type through the conduit based on an evaluation of the conduit image region in the time series of images, and estimating at least one of a volume of fluids and a quantity of a blood component that has passed through the conduit within a predetermined period of time, based at least in part on the classification of the flow type.

Abstract: Method and devices for delivering pulsed RF ablation energy to enable the creation of lesions in tissue are disclosed. The delivery of RF energy is controlled such that the generator power setting remains sufficiently high to form adequate lesions while mitigating against overheating of tissue. An ablation catheter tip having high-thermal-sensitivity comprises a thermally-insulative ablation tip insert supporting at least one temperature sensor and encapsulated, or essentially encapsulated, by a conductive shell. A system for delivering pulsed RF energy to a catheter during catheter ablation comprises an RF generator and a pulse control box operatively connected to the generator and configured to control delivery of pulsatile RF energy to an ablation catheter comprising at least one temperature sensor mounted in its tip. Also disclose is a method of controlling the temperature of an ablation catheter tip while creating a desired lesion using pulsatile delivery of RF energy.

Abstract: Devices and methods for providing access to the pericardial cavity while reducing risk of myocardial damage. One method includes using an apparatus to apply pressure to a parietal pericardium, retracting the apparatus, and puncturing the parietal pericardium by delivering electrical energy using a puncture device. Another method includes moving a portion of parietal pericardium away from a surface of myocardium of the heart and puncturing the parietal pericardium by delivering electrical energy using a puncture device. The methods may include a step of confirming that the puncture device is at least partially within the parietal cavity by injecting or aspirating fluid through a lumen in the puncture device or measuring the pressure or electrical impedance at the distal end of the puncture device.

Abstract: A system (100) includes a computer readable storage medium (122) with computer executable instructions (124), including: a predictor (126) configured to determine a baseline coronary state and a predicted coronary state from contrast enhanced cardiac computed tomography volumetric image data and a model of an effect of one or more substances on characteristics effecting the coronary state. The system further includes a processor (120) configured to execute the predictor to determine the baseline coronary state and the predicted coronary state from the contrast enhanced cardiac computed tomography volumetric image data and the model of the effect of one or more of the substances on the characteristics effecting the coronary state. The system further includes a display configured to display the baseline coronary state and the predicted coronary state.

Abstract: The invention relates to catheter system for introducing an expandable heart valve stent (150) into the body of a patient, the catheter system comprising: a catheter tip (10) having a seat portion for accommodating the stent (150) in its collapsed state and a stent holder (15) for releasably fixing the stent (150), wherein the seat portion is constituted by a first sleeve-shaped member (11) and a second sleeve-shaped member (21), said sleeve-shaped members (11, 21) being moveable relative to each other and relative to the stent holder (15), and a catheter shaft (30) for connecting the catheter tip (10) to a handle (70).

Abstract: The present invention relates to patient monitoring, such as hemodynamic monitoring. In order to perform provide monitoring in various scenarios, a patient monitoring device (10) is provided that comprises a patient medical monitoring unit (12) and an information unit (14). The patient medical monitoring unit is configured to perform monitoring at least one physiological parameter of a patient. The information unit is configured to provide a data carrier signal (16) indicative of information about the patient medical monitoring unit, for example, upon connection to a monitoring system. The data carrier signal is provided as an analogue sequence (18) comprising a predetermined waveform (20) indicative of the information about the patient medical monitoring unit.

Abstract: Devices, systems, and methods for determining vein geometric and compliance profiles for venous stenting. In one device embodiment, the device comprises an elongated body configured to fit within a mammalian luminal organ, a balloon coupled to the elongated body capable of and configured for inflation and deflation within the mammalian luminal organ, at least two excitation electrodes positioned along the elongated body within the balloon, and a plurality of at least three detection electrodes positioned in between at least two of the at least two excitation electrodes, wherein a first pair of two adjacent detection electrodes of the at least three detection electrodes can detect an electric field generated by the at least two excitation electrodes and obtain a first conductance measurement within the balloon, and a second pair of two adjacent detection electrodes can detect the electric field and obtain a second conductance measurement within the balloon.

Abstract: A bite force measuring system comprising a mouthpiece interfaced to a control unit. The mouthpiece comprises memory for storing calibration parameters. The mouthpiece comprises a fluid-filled compressible cavity, and a fluid-pressure-sensing device for measuring a pressure of a fluid contained in the fluid-filled compressible cavity. The mouthpiece comprises a communication interface for transmitting the calibration parameters and the measured pressure to the control unit. The control unit comprises a communication interface for receiving the calibration parameters and the measured pressure from the mouthpiece. The control unit comprises a processing unit for calculating a bite force corresponding to the measured pressure. The calibration parameters and the measured pressure are used calculating the bite force corresponding to the measured pressure.

Abstract: A system for automatic configuration detection includes a medical device (250) including a sensor (246). A pattern (236) is coded into a portion of the medical device. The pattern is configured to store pertinent information about the device. A reader device (234) is coupled to a connector and configured to read the pattern to convey the pertinent information to determine one of a status, identity or manner of use for the medical device including the sensor.

Abstract: A catheter has a cannulated guiding rail extending therethrough, an advance segment of the rail extending at least about 10 cm beyond the distal end of the catheter. The catheter and rail are advanced over a guidewire until the distal end of the advance segment is at a target vascular site. The catheter is thereafter advanced along the rail to the target vascular site.

Abstract: Systems and methods for remotely monitoring blood flow that include an endovascular prosthesis. The endovascular prosthesis includes a conduit forming a lumen within a surrounding wall having an inner surface and an outer surface. A monitoring device is disposed on the wall forming the lumen. The monitoring device comprises a sensor element configured to detect a physical event and to generate an electrical parameter shift in response to the physical event. An antenna portion is configured to receive a first oscillating electrical signal from an interrogator device and to transmit a second oscillating electrical signal to the interrogator device. The second oscillating electrical signal is modulated by the electrical parameter shift.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the manufacturing of a carrying device, a carrying device, a system for detection and a method for detection of at least one physical parameter and/or chemical composition. A method for the manufacturing of a carrying device for reception of at least one sensor is presented, in which a receiving body with a surface to be coated is provided. In the receiving body, a space is provided which is open on the side of this surface. A second body with a sealing surface is provided. This sealing surface is positioned in such a manner that the surface to be coated of the receiving body is sealed by the second body at least in the circumference of the space in the receiving body. A formable or moldable filling material is provided in the space in such a manner that the filling material forms a surface shaped complementary to the sealing surface of the second body, closing the space.

Abstract: Various embodiments disclosed relate to drug-coated balloon catheters for treating strictures in body lumens and methods of using the same. A drug-coated balloon catheter for delivering a therapeutic agent to a target site of a body lumen stricture includes an elongated balloon having a main diameter. The balloon catheter includes a coating layer overlying an exterior surface of the balloon. The coating layer includes one or more water-soluble additives and an initial drug load of a therapeutic agent.

Abstract: The invention relates to catheter system for introducing an expandable heart valve stent (150) into the body of a patient, the catheter system comprising: a catheter tip (10) having a seat portion for accommodating the stent (150) in its collapsed state and a stent holder (15) for releasably fixing the stent (150), wherein the seat portion is constituted by a first sleeve-shaped member (11) and a second sleeve-shaped member (21), said sleeve-shaped members (11, 21) being moveable relative to each other and relative to the stent holder (15), and a catheter shaft (30) for connecting the catheter tip (10) to a handle (70).

Abstract: Disclosed are systems and methods using ultrasound to predict if a patient's cardiac stroke volume will increase with a fluid bolus. Ultrasound measures are taken before administering a fluid bolus, including measurement of the left ventricular outflow tract velocity time integral (LVOT VTI), and venous measurements of the internal jugular vein. Data collected from such ultrasound scan is then used to predict the patient's cardiac volume response in the event that a fluid bolus is administered to that patient.

Abstract: A device for creating an arteriovenous (AV) fistula includes a proximal base having a distal tapered end surface and a distal tip connected to the proximal base and movable relative to the proximal base. The distal tip has a proximal tapered end surface. A first heating assembly, including an energized heating element, is disposed on at least one of the distal tapered end surface and the proximal tapered end surface. A second heating assembly, comprising a passive non-energized heat spreader, is disposed on the other one of the distal tapered end surface and the proximal tapered end surface. The distal tapered end surface and the proximal tapered end surface are adapted to contact opposing sides of a tissue portion to create the fistula. The taper of the proximal tapered end surface matches the taper of the distal tapered end surface, so that the two surfaces match one another.

Abstract: A transatrial intravascular temperature management catheter has a lower heat exchange segment positionable in the inferior vena cava and an upper heat exchange segment positionable in the superior vane cava, with a connecting segment lying between the two and positionable in the right atrium. A temperature sensor on the distal tip of the upper heat exchange segment provides accurate core body temperature signals for feedback purposes since the blood flowing past the sensor has not yet reached the heat exchange segment.

Abstract: A system for anal or stomal irrigation comprises a reservoir (102) for an irrigating liquid; a catheter (100) comprising a catheter tip for insertion into the rectum or stoma, a thermo sensor (128) connected to the reservoir for obtaining a measure of a temperature within the reservoir, a tubing system and/or the catheter. A control system (103) operatively connected with the thermo sensor is configured to determine a temperature within the reservoir. A method for predicting a temperature in a reservoir for irrigation liquid is also provided.

Abstract: A removable data storage medium including a serial interface; a non-volatile storage medium; a memory controller controlling data transmission between the serial interface and the non-volatile storage medium, a receiving unit; and a write protection unit; wherein the receiving unit is configured to receive a device identification feature from a medical device that can be connected to the removable data storage medium; and the write protection unit is configured to compare the device identification feature with a predetermined internal criterion, and, if the device identification feature complies with the predetermined internal criterion, permits read and write access from the medical device to the non-volatile storage medium and, if the device identification feature does not comply with the predetermined internal criterion, limits access of the medical device to the non-volatile storage medium to read access.

Abstract: A physiological sensor has light emitting sources, each activated by addressing at least one row and at least one column of an electrical grid. The light emitting sources are capable of transmitting light of multiple wavelengths and a detector is responsive to the transmitted light after attenuation by body tissue.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for using patient specific anatomical models and physiological parameters to estimate perfusion of a target tissue to guide diagnosis or treatment of cardiovascular disease. One method includes receiving a patient-specific vessel model and a patent-specific tissue model of a patient anatomy; extracting one or more patient-specific physiological parameters (e.g. blood flow, anatomical characteristics, image characteristics, etc.) from the vessel or tissue models for one or more physiological states of the patient; estimating a characteristic of the perfusion of the patient-specific tissue model (e.g., via a trained machine learning algorithm) using the patient-specific physiological parameters; and outputting the estimated perfusion characteristic to a display.

Abstract: Devices and methods for providing access to the pericardial cavity while reducing risk of myocardial damage. One method includes advancing a distal end of a puncture device towards the heart from a subxiphoid region of a patient wherein the distal end of the puncture device is atraumatic and comprises an energy delivery device; positioning the energy delivery device at a target site on a pericardium of the heart using ultrasound for imaging; and delivering energy from the energy delivery device to a tissue of the target site to create a channel to the pericardial cavity. The method may include repeating one or more of the above steps until the energy delivery device is located within the pericardial cavity. Some embodiments of the method include using supplemental means of monitoring, including medical imaging and using contrast fluid.

Abstract: A medical device and a method of implementing a cryptosystem on the medical device include storing a data structure on a memory component of the medical device. An encryption key is stored in the data structure. Usage data related to usage of the medical device is provided. The encryption key is read from the data structure. The usage data is encrypted with the read encryption key. The encryption key is eliminated such that the encryption key is no longer present in the medical device.

Abstract: An autoinjector system for injecting a fluid medicament into a patient includes a re-usable autoinjector, and a disposable cassette loaded with a hypodermic syringe pre-filled with a fluid medicament. The autoinjector includes a first motor for injecting a needle of the hypodermic syringe into the patient and a second motor for expelling the fluid medicament from the syringe.

Abstract: An instrument and method for applying thermal energy to targeted tissue. An instrument and method for tissue thermotherapy. In one embodiment, a method includes providing a vapor source comprising a pump configured for providing a flow of liquid media from a liquid media source into a vaporization chamber having a heating mechanism, actuating the pump to provide the liquid into the vaporization chamber, applying energy from the heating mechanism to convert a substantially water liquid media into a minimum water vapor level for causing an intended effect in tissue. For examples such levels can comprise at least 60% water vapor, at least 70% water vapor, at least 80% water vapor or at least 90% water vapor for causing an intended effect in tissue.

Abstract: Generally, methods, devices, and systems related to analyte monitoring and data logging are provided—e.g., as related to in vivo analyte monitoring devices and systems. In some aspects, methods, devices, and systems are provided that relate to enable related settings based on an expected use of an in vivo positioned sensor; logging or otherwise recording analyte levels acquired or derived—e.g., sample analyte levels more frequently than they are logged or otherwise recorded in memory; dynamically adjust the data logging frequency; randomly determine times of acquiring or storing analyte levels from the in-vivo positioned analyte sensors; and enable recording related settings when the system is operable.

Abstract: The intracardiac pumping device has a pump (11) connected at its distal end (13) to a canula (15). At the distal end, the canula (15) has a suction head (16) for drawing blood. The suction head is extended by a non-sucking projection (20). The projection stabilizes the position of the pumping device in the heart. It extends the canula (15) mechanically without degrading the hydraulic conditions. It also serves as a spacer to prevent the suction head (16) from adhering to a wall of the heart.

Abstract: Epicardial fat pad ablation is conducted using a catheter inserted through the chest wall, using ultrasound ablation, or using a catheter fitted with a directional ultrasound transducer and capable of being aligned with the epicardium. The epicardial fat pad locations are determined using noninvasive imaging methods, or using electrical maps. These locations are then displayed on maps or images of the heart, and thus targeted for minimally invasive or non invasive therapy. The methods of the present invention are less invasive than conventional methods of ablation, and permit flexible access to substantially any point on the epicardium.

Abstract: Devices and methods are provided for performing procedure on tissue with flow monitoring using flow sensors. The devices include an elongated member, and at least one flow sensor disposed on the elongated member. The flow sensor includes at least one temperature sensor and at least one heating element having a cavity. At least a portion of the at least one temperature sensor is housed in the cavity. A temperature measurement of the temperature sensor provides an indication of the flow rate of a fluid proximate to the flow sensor.

Abstract: A system for assessing blood circulation in a subject's limb, including detection means for detecting a signal dependent upon the arterial blood volume in a limb of the subject when the subject is in a first posture and also when the subject is in a second posture, different to the first posture; and processing means for calculating a quantitative indicator that is dependent upon the ratio of the signal for the first posture to the signal for the second posture.

Abstract: Presteralized manifolds are provided which are designed for sterile packaging and single-use approaches. Disposable tubing and flexible-wall containers are assembled via aseptic connectors. These manifolds are adapted to interact with other equipment which can be operated by a controller which provides automated and accurate delivery of biotechnology fluid. The manifold also can be used in conjunction with one or more sensors such as pressure and conductivity sensors that interact with the controller or are connected to a separate user interface. An aseptic environment obtains avoiding or reducing cleaning and quality assurance procedures.

Abstract: The invention relates to catheter system for introducing an expandable heart valve stent (150) into the body of a patient, the catheter system comprising: a catheter tip (10) having a seat portion for accommodating the stent (150) in its collapsed state and a stent holder (15) for releasably fixing the stent (150), wherein the seat portion is constituted by a first sleeve-shaped member (11) and a second sleeve-shaped member (21), said sleeve-shaped members (11, 21) being moveable relative to each other and relative to the stent holder (15), and a catheter shaft (30) for connecting the catheter tip (10) to a handle (70).

Abstract: Devices and systems for determining fractional flow reserve.

Abstract: Devices and methods are provided for performing an ablation procedure on tissue with flow monitoring using flow sensors. The devices include a catheter, and at least one flow sensor disposed on the catheter, and a component for applying the ablation procedure. An assessment module provides an indication of the efficacy of the ablation procedure based on the flow measurement from the flow sensor.

Abstract: A treatment device for a medical treatment heats a biotissue at a desired temperature, and includes a treatment tool, a controller and a storage section. The treatment tool includes a heat transfer portion which contacts with the biotissue to transfer heat to the biotissue, and a resistance element into which power is supplied to heat the heat transfer portion. The controller is detachably attached to the treatment tool, and measures a resistance value R of the resistance element. The storage section stores a coefficient C2. The controller calculates a coefficient C1 based on a calibration temperature when the treatment tool is connected to the controller. The controller calculates a temperature of the resistance element using the R, C1 and C2, and controls the temperature of the heat transfer portion.

Abstract: A guidance system for assisting with the insertion of a needle into a patient body is disclosed. The guidance system utilizes ultrasound imaging or other suitable imaging technology. In one embodiment, the guidance system comprises an imaging device including a probe for producing an image of an internal body portion target, such as a vessel. One or more sensors are included with the probe. The sensors sense a detectable characteristic related to the needle, such as a magnetic field of a magnet included with the needle. The system includes a processor that uses data relating to the sensed characteristic to determine a 3-D position of the needle. The system includes a display for depicting the position of the needle. The needle can include a donut-shaped magnet disposed about the needle cannula, or a removable stylet with a magnetic element and a strain gauge for detection of the needle distal tip.

Abstract: The intracardiac pumping device has a pump (11) connected at its distal end (13) to a canula (15). At the distal end, the canula (15) has a suction head (16) for drawing blood. The suction head is extended by a non-sucking projection (20). The projection stabilizes the position of the pumping device in the heart. It extends the canula (15) mechanically without degrading the hydraulic conditions. It also serves as a spacer to prevent the suction head (16) from adhering to a wall of the heart.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are various catheter and catheter systems that are useful in ablating tissue that is also subject to surface perfusion, for example blood flow across and/or through tissue. A representative embodiment of a catheter useful with the present invention includes an anemometer located on an exterior surface of the distal portion of the catheter. The anemometer is thermally isolated from the distal tip to permit the anemometer to measure the cooling effect of surface perfusion. The ablation catheter may include thermal insulation to insulate the anemometer from the distal tip. Alternatively, and/or in addition, the anemometer may be positioned proximally of the distal tip. The catheter may include one or more temperature sensors thermally coupled to the distal tip to measure the temperature of the distal tip. The distal tip may include one or more spiral grooves, or one or more holes.

Abstract: An angular rate sensor (20) includes a drive mass (36) flexibly coupled to a substrate (22). A sense mass (42) is suspended above the substrate (22) is and flexibly connected to the drive mass (36) via flexible support elements (44). A quadrature compensation electrode (24) is associated with the drive mass (36) and a sense electrode (28) is associated with the sense mass (42). The drive mass (36) and the sense mass (42) oscillate together relative to a sense axis (50) in response to quadrature error. The quadrature error produces a signal error component (78) between the quadrature compensation electrode (24) and the drive mass (36) and a signal error component (76) between the sense electrode (28) and the sense mass (42). The compensation and sense electrodes (24, 28) are coupled in reverse polarity so that the signal error component (78) substantially cancels the signal error component (76).

Abstract: Devices and methods are provided for performing procedure on tissue with flow monitoring using flow sensors. The devices include an elongated member, and at least one flow sensor disposed on the elongated member. The flow sensor includes at least one temperature sensor and at least one heating element having a cavity. At least a portion of the at least one temperature sensor is housed in the cavity. A temperature measurement of the temperature sensor provides an indication of the flow rate of a fluid proximate to the flow sensor.

Abstract: A transatrial intravascular temperature management catheter has a lower heat exchange segment positionable in the inferior vena cava and an upper heat exchange segment positionable in the superior vane cava, with a connecting segment lying between the two and positionable in the right atrium. A temperature sensor on the distal tip of the upper heat exchange segment provides accurate core body temperature signals for feedback purposes since the blood flowing past the sensor has not yet reached the heat exchange segment.

Abstract: A kit of parts comprises a system and instructions for use for controlling patient temperature which uses a central venous line catheter having a heat exchange element. The central venous line catheter is provided with one or more lumens for providing access to the central blood supply of the patient, and with additional lumens for communicating heat exchange fluid to the heat exchange element. Heat exchange fluid temperature is controlled through a feed back loop in which patient temperature is sensed and used to control a temperature control unit comprising a heating device and/or a cooling device in heat exchange relationship with the heat exchange fluid. A tubing set transports the heat exchange fluid between the central venous line and the temperature control unit, with a pump serving to circulate the fluid in a closed fluid circuit in the system.

Abstract: Devices and methods are disclosed for providing access to the pericardial cavity while reducing risk of myocardial damage. One method includes advancing a puncture device towards a heart, the puncture device including an energy delivery device; measuring an electrical impedance at the energy delivery device; delivering energy from the energy delivery device to at least partially puncture a pericardium; and repeating one or more of the above steps, if necessary, until the energy delivery device is located at least partially within the pericardial cavity. Some embodiments of the method include using supplemental means of monitoring, including measuring voltage to plot an ECG, medical imaging and using contrast fluid, using tactile feedback, and aspirating fluid.

Abstract: A patient monitoring system may provide photoacoustic sensing based on an indicator dilution to determine one or more physiological parameters of a subject. The system may detect an acoustic pressure signal, which may include one or more thermo-dilution responses, one or more hemo-dilution responses, or a combination thereof. For example, a thermo-dilution indicator and/or a hemo-dilution indicator may be used to determine one or more hemodynamic parameters. In a further example, an isotonic indicator and a hypertonic indicator may be used to determine one or more hemodynamic parameters of the subject.

Abstract: A system and method for monitoring a health condition are disclosed. The system includes a patient management application, a data store and a monitoring device. The monitoring device includes an optical sensor, a Doppler sensor, and a computing device adapted to provide health parameter values including oxygen saturation of the blood, blood flow, blood pressure, heart rate, and cardiac output.