Abstract: Disclosed is a protective sleeve (1) for a dermatological treatment device comprising a laser head for firing a laser beam. The sleeve (1) comprises: a rigid shell (2) which is shaped such that it can be placed over the laser head and has a window (4) that can be positioned opposite the laser beam; a contact wall (5) arranged around the window (4) for contacting an area around a target area; and a means for attachment to the device, the attachment means being positioned as close as possible to the contact wall (5).

Abstract: An apparatus (20) includes a probe (36) and a processor (144). The probe is positioned adjacent to an eye (28) of a patient (32) and is configured to irradiate a trabecular meshwork (56) of the eye with one or more optical beams (52). The processor is configured to select one or more target regions (80) of the trabecular meshwork, and to control the probe to irradiate the selected target regions with the optical beams.

Abstract: Modulated light therapy devices for treatment of dermatological disorders of the scalp are provided. An exemplary device includes a flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) supporting at least one light emitting device having an emitter height. The FPCB includes multiple interconnected panels and bending regions defined in and between at least some of the interconnected panels as to allow the FPCB to be configured in a concave shape to cover at least a portion of a cranial vertex of the patient. At least one light-transmissive layer proximate to the FPCB is configured to transmit (e.g., incoherent) light emissions generated by at least one light emitting device. At least one standoff is configured to be arranged between the FPCB and the scalp of the patient, wherein the at least one standoff includes a standoff height that exceeds the emitter height.

Abstract: A system and method for increasing the amplitude of accommodation and/or changing the refractive power of lens material of a natural crystalline lens is provided. Generally, there is provided methods and systems for delivering a laser beam to a lens of an eye in a plurality of patterns results in the increased accommodative amplitude and/or refractive power of the lens. There is further provided a system and method of treating presbyopia by increasing both the flexibility of the human lens and the depth of field of the eye.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods of treating a hard lens region of an eye with a laser where one method includes identifying a boundary of the hard lens region, selecting a laser-parameter to enable a photo disruptive procedure in the hard lens region and to control a spreading of bubbles in the hard lens region, modifying a mechanical property of a posterior portion of the hard lens region in a proximity of the identified boundary by the photo disruptive procedure, and modifying a mechanical property of a portion anterior to the modified posterior portion of the hard lens region by the photo disruptive procedure. The laser bubbles can be applied to form incisions which are non-transverse to an axis of the eye and intersect the lens fibers.

Abstract: An illumination system for a surgical device is provided. The illumination system includes a tubular body made of a light permeable material and having at least one lumen extending between a distal end and a proximal end. The illumination system further includes a light source. At least one light diffusing optical fiber is disposed in the at least one lumen, the at least one light diffusing optical fiber having a core, primary cladding, and a plurality of nano-sized structures, the optical fiber further including an outer surface, and an end optically coupled to the light source. The fiber is configured to scatter guided light via the nano-sized structures away from the core and through the outer surface, to form a light-source fiber portion having a length that emits substantially uniform radiation over its length.

Abstract: A fiber optic probe that eliminates extreme tip temperatures by radiating laser energy in a radial, 360° pattern from the surface of an exposed fiber optic tip is disclosed. In an embodiment, a fiber optic core is configured to operatively engage with a source of laser energy at a proximal end of the fiber optic tip, and, at a distal end of the fiber optic tip, includes a plurality of refracting surfaces configured to disperse laser energy in a radial pattern. In one embodiment, the refracting surfaces may be arranged as a plurality of annular prisms defined around the fiber core. In another embodiment, the refracting surfaces may be arranged as a plurality of concave lenses defined in the fiber optic tip. The temperature distribution of the disclosed probes is controlled and uniform, and may be tailored to radiate laser energy in any desired pattern which may be suitable to achieve an intended objective.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a device and a method for controlling growth of hair on human skin with low doses of electromagnetic radiation, and a device for carrying out the method. In the method, radiation of a suitable spectrum is applied to the skin, in one or more pulses of between 1 and 100 ms, and with maximum fluencies on the skin between 1 and 12 J/cm2. By applying such low fluencies and at controlled pulse durations, follicles of the hairs are induced to the catagen phase. This means that the growth of the hairs of those follicles will stop. Although the method is not primarily aimed at immediate hair removal, hairs may be shed subsequently. In any case, further growth may be stopped for prolonged periods of time. The main advantage of the method is that the risk of damage to the skin is minimized.

Abstract: A tip for a medical device includes a hollow body having a window, a sensor positioned within the hollow body and oriented such that its active surface is pointed towards the window, and a membrane positioned within a beam path of the sensor. The membrane passes energy without preventing an outer surface of the hollow body of the tip from coming in contact with tissue, thus allowing the hollow body to deliver therapy to an adjacent tissue and/or diagnose adjacent tissue. The membrane can cover the window or the sensor. The membrane is desirably permeable to an irrigant, such that a suitable level of irrigant outflow from the window is maintained, and thin enough that it minimizes attenuation of energy passing to and/or from the sensor.

Abstract: A scanning lidar suitable for use on an automated vehicle includes a laser, a beam-steering means, and a controller. The laser generates a pulsed laser beam. The beam-steering means steers the pulsed laser beam in a direction within a field-of-view of the lidar. The field-of-view is characterized as rectangular-shaped. The controller is in communication with the laser and the beam-steering means. The controller coordinates operation of the laser and the beam-steering means such that the lidar is characterized by an angular-resolution. The controller operates the beam-steering means in accordance with a first rectangular spiral pattern characterized by an aspect-ratio that corresponds to the field-of-view. The first rectangular spiral pattern causes a scan-segment to be skipped during a present-scan of the field-of-view due to the aspect-ratio. As such, the field-of-view is not scanned entirely at the angular-resolution.

Abstract: Embodiments of methods and systems for distributing laser energy are disclosed herein. A system for dispensing laser energy by one or more laser energy sources in accordance with one embodiment of the present technology includes a laser energy credit transferring component configured to communicate with a laser energy source. The laser energy source is configured for producing and dispensing laser energy. The laser energy credit transferring component is further configured to receive a request from the laser energy source for laser energy and transfer laser energy credits to the laser energy source. The laser energy credits enable the laser energy source to dispense a corresponding amount of laser energy.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods and systems for treatment, such as skin rejuvenation treatment, use non-uniform laser radiation. A high-intensity portion of the laser radiation causes collagen destruction and shrinkage within select portions of the treatment area, while a lower-intensity portion of the radiation causes fibroblast stimulation leading to collagen production across other portions of the treatment area. An output beam from a laser source, such as an Nd:YAG laser, is coupled into an optical system that modifies the beam to provide a large-diameter beam having a nonuniform energy profile, comprised of a plurality of high-intensity zones surrounded by lower-intensity zones within the treatment beam. The higher-intensity zones heat select portions of the target tissue to temperatures sufficient for a first treatment (e.g. collagen shrinkage), while the lower-intensity zones provide sufficient energy for a second treatment (e.g. stimulated collagen production).

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for controlling an electromagnetic energy source is disclosed. Instructions are executed on a processor to display on a computer-human interface display device a user interface region. The user interface region includes a pie-graph. An input is received via the user interface region, where the input is an interaction with the pie-graph that changes one of the radius or a sector of the plurality of the sectors. A power output of one or more of the electromagnetic energy sources is adjusted based on the input.

Abstract: Methods and systems for laser assisted delivery of therapeutic agents include preparing a site with an ultraviolet laser beam, at a wavelength appropriate for tissue ablation, such that an opening is produced in a surface of the site's tissue; and applying one or more agents to the prepared site, such that the agents penetrate the tissue through the opening to a predetermined depth.

Abstract: An ophthalmic treatment system and method for performing therapy on target tissue in a patient's eye. A delivery system delivers treatment light to the patient's eye and a camera captures a live image of the patient's eye. Control electronics control the delivery system, register a pre-treatment image of the patient's eye to the camera's live image (where the pre-treatment image includes a treatment template that identifies target tissue within the patient's eye), and verify whether or not the delivery system is aligned to the target tissue defined by the treatment template. The control electronics control the delivery system to project the treatment light onto the patient's eye in response to both an activation of a trigger device and the verification that the delivery system is aligned to the target tissue, as well as adjust delivery system alignment to track eye movement.

Abstract: A navigation apparatus for optically analyzing an inner structure of an optical element and processing that element includes a detection device and a processing device. The detection device has an aperture smaller than 0.25 and the processing device is disposed relative to the analyzed inner structure of the optical element. An apparatus for planning therapy for a human eye includes a dynamic wavefront measurement device for acquiring wavefront data, a diagnostic device for determining geometric parameters of the optical apparatus of the eye, a controller for consistent superposition of the wavefront and geometric data, and an additional controller for planning the most efficient therapeutic laser cutting paths.

Abstract: A treatment method and apparatus for surgical correction of defective-eyesight in an eye of a patient, wherein a laser device is controlled by a control device, said laser device separating corneal tissue by irradiation of laser radiation to isolate a volume located within a cornea, wherein the control device controls the laser device to focus the laser radiation, by providing target points located within the cornea, into the cornea, wherein the control device, when providing the target points, allows for focus position errors which lead to a deviation between the predetermined position and the actual position of the target points when focusing the laser radiation, by pre-offsets depending on the positions of the respective target points to compensate for said focus position errors.

Abstract: A surgical laser system can include a laser source configured to generate a laser beam. The system can also include a scanning delivery system that can be configured to direct the laser beam to an ocular target region and scan the laser beam along a scan pattern in the ocular target region of an eye. The system can further include a system controller in communication with the scanning delivery system. The system controller can be configured to control the scanning delivery system to scan the laser beam along the scan pattern to create a pattern of cuts for relaxing ophthalmic tissue in the ocular target region. Each cut of the pattern of cuts can extend only partially through the ophthalmic tissue.

Abstract: A light irradiation substrate (1) includes a flexible substrate (5), first electrical conducting material patterns (15) composed of wirings (2) and a dummy pattern (6) which are provided on a front surface of the flexible substrate (5), and LED chips (4) each of which is mounted on each of the wirings (2), front surfaces of the first electrical conducting material patterns (15) are formed of a reflecting material having total light flux reflectance of 80% or more, and area coverage of the first electrical conducting material patterns (15) at least in a region surrounded by the LED chips (4) is 85% or more.

Abstract: An apparatus for corneal crosslinking, the use of the apparatus for corneal crosslinking, and a method for corneal crosslinking are provided. The apparatus comprises a source of laser radiation; a scanner device for scanning the laser radiation; and a control computer for controlling the scanner device.

Abstract: A planning device generating control data for a treatment apparatus for cornea transplantation using a laser device to separate a corneal volume by at least one cut surface in the cornea and to separate a transplant, from a surrounding transplantation material by at least one cut surface, wherein the planning device includes an interface supplying measurement data relating to parameters of the cornea. A computer defines a corneal cut surface which confines the corneal volume to be removed, and determines a transplant cut surface by using the transplantation material data and depending on the defined corneal cut surface. The transplant cut surface confines the transplant, and the computer generates one control data for each cut surface to control the laser, wherein the respective cut surfaces can be produced by the laser to isolate the corneal volume and the transplant and to make them removable.

Abstract: An ophthalmic laser treatment apparatus includes: an aiming optical system configured to irradiate an aiming beam to a patient's eye; a laser irradiation optical system configured to irradiate a laser beam for treatment to the patient's eye; a shift unit configured to make a shift of a focus shift position corresponding to a focus position of the laser beam to a posterior or anterior position with respect to a focus position of the aiming beam; a selection receiving unit configured to receive an instruction to select any one of a plurality of treatment modes; and a control unit configured to control operations of the ophthalmic laser treatment apparatus. The control unit sets a value of a parameter related to irradiation of the laser beam, the parameter including a parameter related to the shift of the focus shift position, according to the treatment mode selected with the selection receiving unit.

Abstract: A laser machining method includes directing, from an F-theta lens having a long focal length of greater than about 250 millimeters, a laser beam at a non-perpendicular beam tilt angle from an optical axis of the lens having a top-hat profile and a narrow beam divergence angle of between about 1 degree and about 3 degrees towards a workpiece on a stage movable in at least an X-direction and a Y-direction, engaging the directed laser beam with the workpiece disposed in the usable field of view, moving the workpiece and the directed laser beam relative to each other, and removing portions of the workpiece with the directed laser beam to define a machined surface.

Abstract: A laser treatment apparatus configured to emit laser light onto a tissue of a patient's eye, the laser treatment apparatus includes: a laser scanner configured to scan laser light emitted from a laser light source and switch a position of the tissue onto which laser light is emitted; a processor; and memory storing computer readable instructions, which are executed by the processor, causing the laser treatment apparatus to: (a) emit the laser light onto a first spot; (b) stop emitting the laser light onto the first spot for a stop time; (c) emit the laser light onto at least one second spot other than the first spot during the stop time; (d) emit the laser light onto the first spot again after the stop time elapses; and repeat (b), (c) and (d) several times to execute intermittent irradiation treatment onto a plurality of spots multiple times.

Abstract: Provided is a surgical handpiece for providing an electromagnetic cutting blade. The handpiece, comprises a body portion having an input end and an output end, a plurality of optical fibers for receiving laser energy having a wavelength within a predetermined wavelength range, wherein the optical fibers are received in the body portion at the input end and extend to the output end, and an optical fiber transition region within the body portion for arranging the plurality of optical fibers into a predetermine cutting shape at the output end, wherein laser energy transmitted from the arranged optical fibers at the output end interact with water molecules near the surgical target to generate micro-explosions that result in a cutting effect.

Abstract: A swallowable capsule for providing phototherapy to a patient's gastrointestinal (GI) tract, the capsule including a power supply, one or more phototherapeutic light sources, a speed determination unit for calculating speed of movement of the capsule in the GI tract, and a controller unit for activating one or more of the one or more light sources for delivering a therapeutic illumination dose to a target site in the GI tract, based, at least in part, on a determined speed. Related apparatus and methods are also described.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods are disclosed for applying laser energy having desired pulse characteristics, including a sufficiently short duration and/or a sufficiently high energy for the photomechanical treatment of skin pigmentations and pigmented lesions, both naturally-occurring (e.g., birthmarks), as well as artificial (e.g., tattoos). The laser energy may be generated with an apparatus having a resonator with the capability of switching between a modelocked pulse operating mode and an amplification operating mode. The operating modes are carried out through the application of a time-dependent bias voltage, having waveforms as described herein, to an electro-optical device positioned along the optical axis of the resonator.

Abstract: A light-emitting device (100) is disclosed. The light-emitting device (100) comprises a plurality of light-emitting elements (135) or light sources and a power module (120) adapted to selectively convey, supply or provide electrical power to the light-emitting elements (135). The power module (120) may be dimensioned such as to be able to power only a proper subset of the light-emitting elements (135) of the light-emitting device (100) at a given time, the subset having a maximum number of light-emitting elements (135) included therein with respect to the number of light-emitting elements (135) included in the all subsets of the light-emitting elements (135) of the light-emitting device (100).

Abstract: Systems and methods to treat a region of a cornea of an eye having an epithelial layer disposed over a stromal layer. The system comprises a device to map a thickness of the epithelial layer over the region of the cornea to generate a map of epithelial thickness over the region, and a laser to generate a laser beam of an ablative radiation. A movable scan component is coupled to the laser to scan the laser beam over the region. A processor system is coupled to the laser and the movable scan component, and the processor system is configured to arrange pulses of laser beam to ablate the epithelial layer of the region in response to the map of epithelial thickness.

Abstract: The present disclosure pertains to various embodiments of optical stimulation systems that may be configured to generate a stimulation beam capable of inducing a cutaneous sensation in a user. A position tracking system associated with the stimulation system may be configured to track a position of at least one target stimulation area. A controller may be configured to generate a control signal to selectively activate the stimulation system and to receive the position of at least one target stimulation area from the position tracking system. A beam steering system may be configured to receive input from the controller and configured to direct the stimulation beam toward the at least one target stimulation area based on the input from the controller.

Abstract: Phototherapy systems comprising a therapeutic lamp platform for radiant lamps such as LEDs disposed in an assembly comprising a first wall to which the lamps are affixed thereto and a second wall, closer to the patient, spaced from the first wall wherein the lamps are recessed relative thereto. The second wall comprises a reflective surface facing towards a patient and a plurality of light apertures substantially aligned with the LEDs on the first wall for communicating lamp radiation from the lamps to a user. The lamps and associated circuitry are disposed between the first and second wall so that the reflective surface is relatively smooth and seamless towards the patient. The walls have a malleable rigidity for flexible adjustability relative to the user. The device is mounted to the user with a frame comprising an eyeglass frame or goggles including lenses for shielding the user's eyes from lamp radiation.

Abstract: A surgical instrument is provided for controlling control circuits for an independent energy delivery over segmented sections. The surgical instrument comprises an end effector comprising a first jaw and a second jaw, a first set of electrodes and a second set of electrodes and a slot defined between the first set of electrodes and the second set of electrodes. A cutting member configured to reciprocate within the slot. A control circuit is configured to receive information about impedance of tissue located between the first jaw and the second jaw of the end effector, provide electrosurgical energy to the first set of electrodes and the second set of electrodes and repeatedly alternate the electrosurgical energy between the first set of electrodes and the second set of electrodes at a predetermined time interval, and advance the cutting member.

Abstract: Biopsy imaging devices with an imaging stage configured to rotate and tilt a biological sample, as well as a method for using it, are described. The stage can use rotating bearings or extendible, telescoping arms. The device has a white light for taking normal pictures and a near-infrared laser light for causing a fluorescence-biomolecule probed sample to fluoresce for fluorescence images in a light-tight housing. A set of both types of pictures are taken from angles around, above, and below the biopsy sample with one or more cameras to generate a 3-D model in a computer of the biopsy with fluorescence markings. The 3-D model can then be rendered and viewed on a display by a surgeon to determine if sufficient margins were removed from the patient.

Abstract: A medical laser system in accordance with one or more further embodiments includes a crystal-based laser, a power supply for powering the crystal-based laser, a controller operably connected to the crystal-based laser and the power supply, and a memory operably connected to the controller. The controller is programmed to: (a) activate the crystal-based laser to cause a laser light emission by controlling power supplied by the power supply to the laser responsive to a user activation input; and (b) record data in the memory identifying a power level, number of pulses, and duration of the laser light emission.

Abstract: Systems and methods for increasing the amplitude of accommodation of an eye, changing the refractive power of lens material of a natural crystalline lens of the eye, and addressing presbyopia are is provided. Generally, there are provided methods and systems for delivering a laser beam to a lens of an eye in a plurality of laser shots, which are in precise and predetermined patterns results in the weakening of the lens material.

Abstract: A method for creating cuts in a transparent material using optical radiation, wherein the optical radiation is focused at a focus in the material and the focus is displaced along a trajectory, wherein a periodic, crossing Lissajous figure is used as trajectory as viewed perpendicular to a main direction of incidence at the radiation.

Abstract: System and method for generating patterns P of aiming and treatment light on target eye tissue (e.g. the retina) of a patient's eye. The system includes light sources for treatment and aiming light, a scanner for generating patterns of spots of the generated light, a controller, and a graphic user interface that allows the user to select one of several possible spot patterns, adjust the spot density and/or spot size, and apply patterns with fixed or varied density. The patterns can be formed of interlaced sub-patterns and/or scanned without adjacent spots being consecutively formed to reduce localized heating. Partially or fully enclosed exclusion zones within the patterns protect sensitive target tissue from exposure to the light.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide a method and apparatus for laser-processing a material. In the embodiments, a diffraction-limited beam of pulsed laser radiation is diffracted by a diffraction device to generate a diffracted beam. The diffracted beam is subsequently focused onto the material and is controlled in time and space to irradiate the material at a target position with radiation from a set of radiation pulses of the diffracted beam so that each radiation pulse from the set of radiation pulses is incident at the target position with a cross-sectional portion of the diffracted beam, the cross-sectional portion including a local intensity maximum of the diffracted beam. The beam cross-sectional portions of at least a subset of the pulses of the set include each a different local intensity maxi-mum. In this way, a multi-pulse application for generating a photo-disruption at a target location of the material can be implemented.

Abstract: A treatment method and apparatus for surgical correction of defective-eyesight in an eye of a patient, wherein a laser device is controlled by a control device, said laser device separating corneal tissue by irradiation of laser radiation to isolate a volume located within a cornea, wherein the control device controls the laser device to focus the laser radiation, by providing target points located within the cornea, into the cornea, wherein the control device, when providing the target points, allows for focus position errors which lead to a deviation between the predetermined position and the actual position of the target points when focusing the laser radiation, by pre-offsets depending on the positions of the respective target points to compensate for said focus position errors.

Abstract: A process for using a retinal photostimulation device involves limiting multiple or repeated uses of the device during a particular treatment cycle. Ordinarily a physician would not want to repeat multiple photostimulation treatments on a patient in a short period time. The process would prevent such retreatment during a single treatment cycle where the retina for any subsequent treatment biometrically matches the retina for an earlier treatment. Such subsequent treatments would be permitted within a predefined period of time after the earlier treatment. Such subsequent treatment may also be permitted where the retinas do not biometrically match.

Abstract: An optical assembly includes an output optical element having a thermally conductive and optically transmissive material and a thermal conduit in thermal communication with the output optical element and having at least one surface configured to be in thermal communication with at least one heat dissipating surface of a light delivery apparatus. The optical assembly further includes a coupling portion configured to be placed in at least two states. In a first state, the coupling portion is attached to the apparatus such that the at least one surface of the thermal conduit is in thermal communication with the at least one heat dissipating surface. In a second state, the coupling portion is detached from the apparatus after having been attached to the apparatus in the first state and in which the coupling portion is configured to prevent re-attachment of the coupling portion to the apparatus.

Abstract: In an embodiment, an apparatus and method are described for ablating tissue in response to determining a fluorescence condition. An excitation light source may produce excitation light at a excitation wavelength of a fluorophore. A beam scanner may direct the excitation light towards a tissue location. A fluorophore may produce emission light in response to absorbing the excitation light. A camera may capture an image of the tissue location. In response to the image indicating emission light at the tissue location, an ablation light source may produce ablation light. The beam scanner may direct the ablation light towards the tissue location. Additionally or alternatively, a topography map may be generated and certain aspects of the apparatus and/or the method may be adjusted based on the topography map.

Abstract: The present application is directed towards method and systems for determining appropriate morphology changes of an eardrum to restore sensor neural hearing. The methods include receiving a measurement of an audibility threshold, a map of a surface area of an eardrum of the patient, and an impedance of the eardrum of the patient. The methods further include determining, based on at least one of the audibility threshold, the map of the surface area, and the impedance, a thickness value to modify a morphology of a portion of the eardrum of the patient to improve hearing of the patient.

Abstract: Provided and described herein are exemplary embodiments of apparatus, system, computer-accessible medium, procedure and method according to the present disclosure which can be used for providing laser steering and focusing for, e.g., incision, excision and/or ablation of tissue in minimally-invasive surgery. For example, an exemplary apparatus is provided that can include at least one optical element which can be configured to refract and/or diffract light provided in a structure which can be configured to be inserted into a body, where at least one of the optical element(s) is structured to receive the light at a first angle and generate a refracted and/or diffracted light at a second angle which can be different from the first angle relative to an optical axis.

Abstract: A system for treating a cataractous lens of a patient's eye includes a laser source for generating a light beam, a scanning system for deflecting the light beam to form a treatment pattern of the light beam, and a controller operably coupled to the laser source and scanning system and configured to operate the scanner to form the treatment pattern. The treatment pattern is a plurality of cuts in the form two or more different incision patterns for segmenting the lens tissue into a plurality of patterned pieces. The incision pattern includes: a first incision pattern including two or more crossing cut incision planes; and a second incision pattern comprising one or more laser incision each extending along a first length between a posterior and an anterior surface of the lens capsule.

Abstract: An apparatus for relaxing smooth muscles of a human body, capable of directly radiating light having a predetermined wavelength range for inducing relaxation of the smooth muscles onto acupuncture points related to an organ consisting of smooth muscles via an electrode probe. The apparatus includes a controller body to determine whether a light radiation mode is selected and an operation is started through direct manipulation using a switch, and output an LED driving signal to an electrode probe connection terminal; and wired and wireless electrode probes to be attached to/detached from the terminal to be electrically connected to/disconnected from the controller body, and to be driven by the driving signal to emit light having a predetermined wavelength range which increases concentration of a material for relaxing the muscles. Accordingly, the apparatus promotes blood and lymph circulation in an organ consisting of smooth muscles by relaxing those muscles.

Abstract: Methods and systems for separating an object, such as a lead, from formed tissue are provided. Specifically, a tissue slitting device is configured to engage patient formed tissue at a slitting engagement point. While the object is subjected to a first traction force, the tissue slitting device is caused to move further into the engaged tissue and slit the tissue past the point of engagement. The slitting device causes the tissue to separate along an axial direction of the length of the formed tissue and releases at least some of the force containing the object. The methods and systems are well suited for use in cardiac pacing or defibrillator lead explant procedures.

Abstract: A method of removing tattoos or pigmented lesions by generating at least two laser pulses having a pulse width in the picosecond range, where the peak power of each pulse is less than 15 GW/cm2 and where the spacing between the pulses is less than ten nanoseconds, and directing the pulses to the tattoo or pigmented lesion to be removed.

Abstract: Endoscopes and wands, useful for near infrared imaging, particularly for medical purposes, have transmitting members that transmit between about 95% and 99.5% of the energy at a wavelength within the infrared spectrum. The wands and endoscopes have at least one channel for transmitting and receiving light in the visible spectrum and at least one channel for transmitting and receiving light in the infrared spectrum.

Abstract: Deconvolution systems and methods based on cornea smoothing can be used to obtain an ablation target or treatment shape that does not induce significant high order aberrations such as spherical aberration. Exemplary ablation targets or treatment shapes can provide a post-operative spherical aberration that is equal to or below a naturally occurring amount of spherical aberration.