Abstract: Electrical stimulation devices and associated systems and methods are disclosed herein. In some embodiments, the electrical stimulation device comprises an elongated member configured to be orally or nasally inserted into a patient's pharynx. The device may further include a conductive element carried by a distal portion of the elongated member and configured to deliver stimulation energy to nearby tissue. A stiffness of the elongated member may vary along its length to facilitate insertion of the elongated member through the nasopharyngeal junction and provide a restoring force necessary to hold the conductive element in apposition with tissue at the treatment site.

Abstract: Systems and methods utilizing RF energy to treat a patient's skin (e.g., dermis and hypodermis) or other target tissue including at a depth below a tissue surface (e.g., skin surface, mucosal surfaces of the vagina or esophagus) are provided herein. In various aspects, the methods and systems described herein can provide a RF-based treatment in which the deposition of RF energy can be selectively controlled to help ensure heating uniformity during one or more of body sculpting treatment (lipolysis), skin tightening treatment (laxity improvement), cellulite treatment, vaginal laxity or rejuvenation treatment, urinary incontinence treatment, fecal incontinence treatment, all by way of non-limiting examples. In various aspects, the systems can comprise one or more sources of RF energy (e.g., a RF generator), a treatment applicator comprising one or more electrode arrays configured to be disposed in contact with a tissue surface, and a return electrode (e.g., a neutral pad) to the tissue surface.

Abstract: A catheter placement system includes a catheter assembly, an external ultrasound probe, a tip location sensor, and a console. The catheter assembly includes a catheter, a magnetic component producing a magnetic field, and an electrocardiogram (ECG) sensor designed to measure an intravascular ECG signal. The external ultrasound probe includes user input controls. The tip location sensor is configured to detect the magnetic field of the magnetic component when the catheter is disposed in the patient, the magnetic field providing magnetic field information for locating the magnetic component relative to the tip location sensor, and to receive the intravascular ECG signal from the ECG sensor. The console is coupled to the tip location sensor and includes a processor and a display. The display is configured to show an image from the external ultrasound probe, a graphical representation of the magnetic component, and successive ECG waveforms detected by the ECG sensor.

Abstract: Described herein is an electrode basket for a catheter system. The electrode basket includes a proximal end and a distal end. A longitudinal axis of the electrode basket extends longitudinally through the proximal end and the distal end. The electrode basket also includes a plurality of splines extending from the proximal end to the distal end, each spline including a proximal portion extending at least partially longitudinally from the proximal end, a distal portion extending at least partially longitudinally from the distal end, a highly pitched region, and a plurality of electrodes. The highly pitched region is oriented more circumferentially than the proximal portion and the distal portion. Each of the plurality of electrodes is located within the highly pitched region such that a high-density circumferential band of electrodes is defined around the electrode basket.

Abstract: The invention provides for a steerable guidewire for insertion into a body cavity, characterized in that is comprises an elongated body defining a longitudinally-arranged lumen comprising i) a proximal end portion and ii) a distal end portion comprising a spatially reconfigurable portion and a tip; a pull wire located along said lumen and affixed to said distal end portion and to said proximal end; an actuation region located on said proximal end portion adapted to impart a tension force on the pull wire resulting in a compression force to the spatially reconfigurable region; and an intermediate region tubular element on said body located between said spatially reconfigurable portion and said proximal end.

Abstract: A medical tool testing apparatus comprising a vessel. The vessel comprises a scaffold formed from biomaterial, live cardiac tissue, generated from cardiac cells, proliferating on the scaffold, the live cardiac tissue configured to generate electrical activity. The vessel also comprises a medical tool, in contact with live cardiac tissue, used for a medical procedure within patient anatomy. Operational features of the medical tool are determined by a visually perceptible condition of the live cardiac tissue.

Abstract: Devices and methods for vascular navigation, assessment and/or diagnosis are disclosed where a location detection system generally includes an elongate body defining a lumen at least partially along a length of the elongate body. One or more sensors are positioned near or at a distal tip of the elongate body and one or more openings are defined along the elongate body in proximity to the one or more sensors. The one or more openings are configured to control a boundary distance between the one or more sensors and a fluid with a parameter of a known initial value when emitted from the one or more openings. A controller is in communication with the one or more sensors and is configured to track a change in the parameter relating to concentration over the one or more sensors and determine a position of the one or more sensors within a body.

Abstract: One aspect is a method of manufacturing a lead connector for an implantable medical device. The method includes connecting proximal ends of a plurality of conductive pins to a corresponding one of a plurality of ring contacts to form a plurality of ring-pin subassemblies, assembling each of the plurality of ring-pin subassemblies on an assembly frame, including inserting the plurality of conductive pins in a corresponding plurality of openings within the assembly frame such that the corresponding plurality of ring contacts are spaced along a longitudinal dimension of the assembly frame, arranging the assembly frame along with the conductive pins and corresponding ring contacts within a mold cavity, filling the mold cavity with a mold material that surrounds the assembly frame, and removing a resulting lead connector from the mold cavity.

Abstract: An implantable medical system includes an implantable catheter advanceable into a coronary sinus of a patient's heart. A guide element and an implantable lead receivable in the side lumen is advanceable through an angled opening of the catheter to be deflected laterally away from the catheter at the deflection angle to position the at least one testing electrode or at least one pacing electrode, respectively, in a myocardium of the patient's heart when the distal portion of the catheter is positioned in the coronary sinus.

Abstract: Various aspects of the present disclosure are directed toward apparatuses, systems, and methods that include an implantable lead. The lead may include a taper or tapered portion and a fixation helix both configured to embed within tissue. In addition, the apparatuses, systems, and methods may include a guide wire configured to obtain and record signals from the heart tissue and facilitate placement of the fixation helix.

Abstract: A medical lead for implantation includes an electrode assembly having a plurality of electrodes. Each of the plurality of electrodes include a plurality of electrode segments. Each electrode segment has a flexible conductor directly coupled to it. A strut is coupled within each of the plurality of electrodes such that each of the flexible conductors coupled to the plurality of electrode segments are supported between the strut and each of the plurality of electrodes by the strut. An insulator fills gaps between the plurality of electrodes, the strut and the flexible conductors.

Abstract: Some embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to methods, systems and probe devices for detecting EMG activity. In some embodiments, such methods, systems and devices are used in aiding the diagnosis of Obstruction Sleep Apnea. In some embodiments, a probe is provided and comprises an elongated member configured with a size and shape for placement adjacent at least one of the soft palate and pharyngeal wall of the patient after insertion of the probe into the patient, and includes at least one sensor configured to sense at least EMG activity of muscle layers of at least one of the soft palate and pharyngeal wall and output sensor signals corresponding thereto. The signals may be monitored for EMG activity, and based on such activity, in some embodiments, a determination of whether the sensor signals of the detected EMG activity correspond to spontaneous EMG activity and/or abnormal motor unit potentials.

Abstract: An intravascular treatment system including an introducer sheath having an intentional friction zone along a section thereof imposing an intentional friction force on the outer surface of a catheter shaft slidable therein. The friction zone representing a non-straight (e.g., curved or bent) section of the introducer sheath and/or a section of the introducer sheath whose inner wall has a reduced inner diameter (e.g., fused heat shrink material). During intravascular treatment, sufficient axial force may be applied to overcome the imposed intentional friction force and advance the intravascular treatment device in a distal direction to a desired target site in the artery. Once properly positioned, the imposed intentional friction force ensures that the intravascular treatment device is maintained in place.

Abstract: An intravascular catheter for peri-vascular nerve activity sensing or measurement includes multiple needles advanced through supported guide tubes (needle guiding elements) which expand with open ends around a central axis to contact the interior surface of the wall of the renal artery or other vessel of a human body allowing the needles to be advanced though the vessel wall into the perivascular space. The system also may include means to limit and/or adjust the depth of penetration of the needles. The catheter also includes structures which provide radial and lateral support to the guide tubes so that the guide tubes open uniformly and maintain their position against the interior surface of the vessel wall as the sharpened needles are advanced to penetrate into the vessel wall.

Abstract: A medical lead system includes a lead body, a plurality of electrical conductors, and a plurality of electrodes. The lead body may include a distal end and a proximal end defining a longitudinal axis of the lead body. The plurality of electrical conductors extending about the longitudinal axis of the lead body. The plurality of electrodes is positioned around an outer perimeter of the lead body. An inner surface of each of the plurality of electrodes defines an inner perimeter. Each respective electrode of the plurality of electrodes is electrically coupled to a respective electrical conductor of the plurality of electrical conductors. Each electrode of the plurality of electrodes includes at least one electrode locking feature extending into the lead body from the inner perimeter.

Abstract: Implant tools and techniques for implantation of a medical lead, catheter or other component are provided. The implant tools and techniques are particularly useful in implanting medical electrical leads in extravascular locations, including subcutaneous locations. An implant tool for implanting a medical lead may include a handle and a shaft adjacent the handle. The shaft has a proximal end, a distal end, and an open channel that extends from near the proximal end to the distal end, the open channel having a width that is greater than or equal to an outer diameter of the implantable medical lead.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cardiac lead extraction device, comprising: a handle; an elongated body having a first proximal end, a first distal end, and a first lumen extending from said first proximal end toward said first distal end, said lumen sized and shaped to fit over a cardiac lead; a controllable bendable flexible portion more flexible that said elongated body and having a second proximal end, a second distal end and a second lumen extending from said second proximal end toward said second distal end, said lumen sized and shaped to fit over a cardiac lead; said second proximal end interconnected to said first distal end; said second distal end interconnected to an operational distal end; wherein said operational distal end comprises at least one lead extraction assistive tool, said lead extraction helping tool is activated by a motor located at said handle or proximally to said handle.

Abstract: A leadless cardiac pacemaker device is configured to provide HIS bundle pacing and contains a housing having a tip, a first electrode arranged on the housing in the vicinity of the tip, the first electrode being configured to engage with intra-cardiac tissue, and a second electrode arranged on the housing at a distance from the tip of the housing. A processor is enclosed in the housing and operatively connected to the first electrode and the second electrode. The processor is configured to process a reception signal received by at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode and to generate a pacing signal to be emitted using at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode.

Abstract: A device for performing intervention procedures includes an elongated body having a first end and a second end. The elongated body includes a hollow tool channel extending through the elongated body from the first end to the second end. The tool channel is configured to receive an intervention tool and a length-adjusting element disposed at the first end or the second end of the elongated body. The length-adjusting element is configured to enable a length of the elongated body to be adjusted. The elongated body includes an angle-adjusting element disposed along the length of the elongated body. The angle-adjusting element is configured to enable the elongated body to be bent. The device includes an imaging system disposed at the first end or the second end of the elongated body. The imaging system includes an imaging device and an illumination device.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and devices to facilitate insertion of certain leads with electrode(s) into patients are described. Leads can be implanted to work in conjunction with a cardiac pacemaker or cardiac defibrillator. A lead for cardiac therapy may be inserted into an intercostal space associated with the cardiac notch of a patient. Devices for delivery may include, for example, a delivery system coupled with an electrical lead and having a handle, a component advancer and insertion tips. The handle is configured to be actuated by an operator and the component advancer is configured to advance an electrical lead into the patient. The insertion tips can be configured to close around the electrical lead within the component advancer, to push through biological tissue, and to open to enable the lead to advance into the patient. The electrical lead can also be maintained in a particular orientation during the advancement into the patient.

Abstract: An implant system includes an electrode portion comprising plural electrodes to perform nerve stimulation and nerve sensing, an impedance controller configured to selectively connect the plural electrodes between a stimulator to perform nerve stimulation and a sensor to perform nerve sensing based on a control signal, and set an impedance of each of the plural electrodes, and a processor configured to control a contact impedance by the plural electrodes by generating the control signal to control at least one of plural switches connected respectively to the plural electrodes, or variable resistors connected respectively to the plural electrodes, based on at least one of a selectively set purpose of the plural electrodes or a position of an electrode to which nerve stimulation is to be provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to an ablation catheter for treatment of a patient's tissue, for example for a PVI procedure on a patient's heart, comprising an elongated catheter shaft and an ablation portion being arranged at a distal end of the catheter shaft with a plurality of electrodes accommodated along the ablation portion, wherein the ablation portion comprises at least two loop sections forming a three-dimensional spiral. In order to increase safety of ablation treatment, spare adjacent tissue (e.g. nerves, vessels, esophagus) and shorten ablation time, a pitch, or clearance of two neighboring loop sections is greater than an ionization threshold of the medium around the distal section, for example blood or gases resulted from electrolysis. The invention further relates to an operation method of such ablation catheter.

Abstract: A lead system and method of use for treating breathing disorders by the transvenous stimulation of the phrenic nerve.

Abstract: Devices and methods for the treatment of heart conditions, and other medical purposes, include cardiac pacing systems. For example, this document describes temporary transvenous endocardial pacemaker systems and devices for deploying such systems without the need for conventional imaging procedures.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and devices allow intravascular or percutaneous mapping, orientation and/or ablation, in bodily cavities or lumens. A device includes elongate members, moveable between an unexpanded configuration and an expanded or fanned configuration. The elongate members form a stack in the unexpanded configuration to fit through a catheter sheath. The elongate members follow respective arcuate or curvilinear paths as advanced from the sheath into the bent or coiled stack configuration, adopting volute, scroll or rho shapes, and may be nested. The elongated members are fanned or radially spaced circumferentially with respect to one another into the expanded or fanned configuration. Transducer elements carried by elongate members sense various physiological characteristics of or proximate tissue, and/or may apply energy to or proximate tissue. The elongate members are rotatable in groups or as a group in the expanded configuration. The device is retractable.

Abstract: Provided is a curable silicone composition, a cured product thereof, a laminate body, a manufacturing method thereof, and an optical device or optical display exhibiting excellent performance for use as a member where transparency is required such as for an optical display, a touch panel, or the like. A curable silicone composition, comprises: (A) an organopolysiloxane having in a molecule at least 2 alkenyl groups with 2 to 12 carbon atoms; (B) an organohydrogenpolysiloxane having at least 2 silicon-bonded hydrogen atoms per molecule; and (C) a hydrosilylation reaction catalyst. Component (B) is present in an amount such that the silicon-bonded hydrogen atoms in component (B) are 0.5 to 2 mol per mol of aliphatic unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds in component (A), and 2 to 17.5 mol % of the silicon-bonded organic groups in the curable silicone composition are aryl groups.

Abstract: A pacemaker lead for cerclage pacing includes a lead fixing part including a fixing tip whose diameter becomes gradually smaller toward an end of a distal part thereof, a plurality of bipolar electrodes that come into close contact with heart muscle, in an outer circumference of the lead fixing part, and a guide wire insertion through hole through which a guide wire can be inserted thereinto, a lead body part configured to be extended to the lead fixing part, having a stylet insertion through hole formed therein, and a body fixing part formed in a bent shape so as to be fixed to an inner wall of the coronary sinus, and a stylet inserted into the stylet insertion through hole, enabling the pacemaker lead for cerclage pacing to be easily moved within the body of the patient.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for manufacturing an insertion tube of an endoscope from a tubular element, wherein the insertion tube includes a proximal passive flexible portion and a distal deflecting portion, wherein, in the proximal passive flexible portion, cuts are provided to enable the proximal passive flexible portion to be bent. In the method, the cuts are configured in the proximal passive flexible portion such that adjacent cuts do not have the same distance. The invention further relates to an endoscope including such insertion tube.

Abstract: A catheter has a multifunctional “virtual” tip electrode with a porous substrate and a multitude of surface microelectrodes. The surface microelectrodes are in close proximity to each other and in a variety of configurations so as to sense tissue for highly localized intracardiac signal detection, and high density local electrograms and mapping. The porous substrate allows for flow of conductive fluid for ablating tissue. The surface microelectrodes can be formed via a metallization process that allows for any shape or size and close proximity, and the fluid “weeping” from the porous substrate provides more uniform irrigation in the form of a thin layer of saline. The delivery of RF power to the catheter tip is based on the principle of “virtual electrode,” where the conductive saline flowing through the porous tip acts as the electrical connection between the tip electrode and the heart surface.

Abstract: Disclosed herein shock wave catheters comprising one or more shock wave electrodes for cracking calcifications located within blood vessels. In some variations, a shock wave catheter has first and second shock wave electrodes each circumferentially disposed over the outer surface of the catheter. In certain variations, the first electrode has a recess and the second electrode has a protrusion that is received by the recess and a spark gap is located along the separation between the recess and the protrusion. The second electrode can also have a recess that receives a protrusion from a third shock wave electrode, where the separation between the second and third electrodes along the separation between the recess and the protrusion forms a second spark gap. A shock wave can be initiated across these spark gaps when a voltage is applied over the electrodes.

Abstract: A surgical instrument includes a shaft, an end effector, and a wrist coupling the end effector to the shaft. The wrist has a central channel extending along a length of the wrist. An insert guide member is positioned in the central channel. The insert guide member has an exterior lateral wall extending between a first end and a second end of the insert guide member and an interior lateral wall extending between the first end and the second end. A passage extends from the first end of the insert guide member to the second end of the insert guide member. The passage can include a first portion extending through the insert guide member between an interior lateral wall of the insert guide member and the exterior lateral wall of the insert guide member, and a second portion intersecting the exterior lateral wall of the insert guide member.

Abstract: A tubing assembly for electronic catheter guidance systems is provided and can include a catheter, an internal acoustic transducer and an external acoustic transducer. The catheter extends in a longitudinal direction and has proximal and distal ends that define a lumen therebetween. Further, the catheter is configured for placement within a patient's digestive or respiratory tract. The internal acoustic transducer can be located within the catheter's lumen, and the external acoustic transducer can be located on or outside the patient's body. The transducers can transmit and/or receive acoustic signals as directed by a processor and communicate with the processor to deliver sound data to a display device. The frequency response and/or attenuation of the signals can indicate placement of the catheter in the digestive tract compared to the respiratory tract. A catheter guidance system and method for accurately placing a catheter in the digestive or respiratory tract are also provided.

Abstract: A Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) guidewire and method of use includes at least two pairs of small surface area, closely spaced electrodes spaced axially along the length of the guidewire to allow one electrode pair to be positioned on each side of a coronary stenosis. The electrodes can sense electrical signals from the myocardium immediately adjacent to the electrodes, enabling the guidewire to record and analyze an Intra-Coronary Electrogram (ICEG) and heart pacing, and, therefore, facilitate more accurately diagnosis of an individual patient's stenosis and provide a more patient specific diagnosis of clinical need.

Abstract: A Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) guidewire and method of use includes at least two pairs of small surface area, closely spaced electrodes spaced axially along the length of the guidewire to allow one electrode pair to be positioned on each side of a coronary stenosis. The electrodes can sense electrical signals from the myocardium immediately adjacent to the electrodes, enabling the guidewire to record and analyze an Intra-Coronary Electrogram (ICEG) and heart pacing, and, therefore, facilitate more accurately diagnosis of an individual patient's stenosis and provide a more patient specific diagnosis of clinical need.

Abstract: A catheter that fits within a blood vessel wall includes electrodes aligned along a longitudinal axis of the catheter that produce unfocused shock waves that propagate radially toward the blood vessel wall for treatment.

Abstract: A method of navigating a catheter to a target location in an anatomical structure of a patient includes inserting a portion of a catheter into the patient. The catheter includes an elongate shaft having a proximal and a distal end, and a loop subassembly coupled to the distal end. The loop subassembly includes a loop coupled to the distal end and positioned parallel to the elongate shaft, and electrodes disposed on the loop. The method includes positioning one of a portion of the loop subassembly and a portion of the distal end of the elongate shaft in contact with a surface of the anatomical structure a distance from the target location, and translating the loop subassembly toward the target location with the one of the portion of the loop subassembly and the portion of the distal end of the elongate shaft in contact with the surface of the anatomical structure.

Abstract: A flexible electronic circuit includes a plurality of leaves having a proximal section, a distal section, and an intermediate section. The plurality of leaves are bonded to each other within the distal section and loose within the intermediate section. The intermediate section also includes conductive connector pads for a wiring harness. A plurality of test connector pads are disposed on the plurality of leaves within the proximal section. The leaves within the proximal section may also be bonded to each other, for example in a ribbon or stepped configuration, in order to facilitate connection to testing apparatus. Once the circuit is tested, the proximal section can be severed from the intermediate section prior to installation of the circuit into a medical device, such as an intracardiac echocardiography catheter.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an implantable lead comprising at least one conductive wire and one electrical connector, the electrical connector configured to be connected to an implantable medical device such as a cardiac stimulation, defibrillation and/or neuromodulation device, wherein the electrical connection between the conductive wire and the connector is effected by a first hypotube welded to the conductive wire and welded to a second hypotube of the electrical connector. The present invention also relates to a method for electrically connecting the at least one conductive wire of the implantable lead to the electrical connector.

Abstract: Various embodiments relate to a microserpentine including a plurality of u-bends, each having a degree of completeness (?), in which an ? value of 0° corresponds to a semi-circular shape, and in which an ? value of +90° corresponds to a complete circle and ?90° corresponds to a straight shape. Each of the plurality of u-bends may have an ? value of from about ?35° to about 45°. The microserpentine may include a core coated with a conductive coating. The core may include a polymeric material. Various embodiments relate to microelectronic devices and methods of producing the same. The microelectronic devices may include but are not limited to a microelectrode array, a microelectronics packaging, an interconnect, a stretchable sensor, a wearable sensor, a wearable actuator, an in vitro sensor, an in vivo sensor, and combinations thereof.

Abstract: A bending and extending device 1 comprises an elastic hollow guide unit 2 and a movable part 3 to be movably inserted into the guide unit 2. The movable part 3 is constituted, either partially or entirely, of a plurality of belt-like flexible parts 30a and 30b, which extend in the axial direction of the guide unit 2 and the flexible parts 30a and 30b are connected at distal ends.

Abstract: An image diagnosis support apparatus includes a shape information acquiring unit that acquires shape information including a size of a diameter and a route of a coronary vein for at least one coronary vein from a three-dimensional image including a heart, a distal position acquiring unit that acquires a most distal position into which an electrode lead wire having a plurality of electrodes arranged at predetermined electrode intervals is able to be inserted based on the shape information, and information indicating a size of a diameter of the electrode lead wire, and a candidate position acquiring unit that acquires at least one piece of information indicating candidate positions of the plurality of electrodes which are candidates for positioning the plurality of electrodes in the coronary vein based on the distal position and positional information indicating arrangement positions of the plurality of electrodes.

Abstract: A catheter is described with an end effector having densely arrayed electrodes on three loops which are arrayed in various planar configurations when the end effector is unconstrained. The end effector has first, second and third loop members, each loop member includes two spines and a connector that connects the two spines to define a loop extending away from a tubular member of the catheter such that the first, second and third loop members are configured so that each connector of each of the first, second and third loop members is in contact with only one connector of the adjacent loop member.

Abstract: A system and method of implanting pacing lead in a patient's heart. The system may include a catheter configured to by inserted through the coronary sinus ostium such that the distal end region of the catheter is positioned past the anterolateral vein and proximate at least one septal perforating vein. The catheter is configured to inject contrast proximate the septal perforating vein to identify an implant region for a pacing lead. Further, a controller is configured to deliver pacing therapy to the implant region.

Abstract: Methods and systems for position determination of an intrabody probe, targets of an intrabody probe, and or actions to be performed using an intrabody probe are described. In some embodiments, an anatomy being navigated and/or mapped is described by a rule-based schema relating different anatomically identified structures to one another according to their ability to help identify and/or locate one another. Additionally, in some embodiments, data recorded from the intrabody probe is processed according to schema rules in order to provide anatomical identification of the anatomical region which the intrabody probe is sampling, optionally without performing detailed mapping, and/or prior to the availability of detailed mapping of anatomical geometry.

Abstract: Devices and techniques for continuously monitoring pressure and simultaneously monitoring changes in blood flow, vascular resistance, and/or vascular behavior are provided. The techniques are employed in measuring intracranial pressure (ICP), while simultaneously measuring cerebral blood flow and/or cerebrovascular resistance or behavior. A sensor device includes an optical and piezoelectric sensing assembly integrated into a deployable ICP monitoring device.

Abstract: Leads for use with implantable medical devices may be implanted in the venous, arterial, or lymphatic networks. The diameter of a microlead may be at most equal to 1.5 French (0.5 mm), and it may include a plurality of micro-cables each including: an electrically conductive core cable for connection to one pole of a multipolar generator of an active implantable medical device, and a polymer insulation layer surrounding the core cable. At least one exposed area may be formed in the insulation layer to form a detection/stimulation electrode.

Abstract: A device and method consisting of conductive, non-conductive, and support materials. These materials when dispensed or extruded onto a multitude of temporary structures will create an implantable conductive and non-conductive structure suitable for neurological electrical stimulation and neurological electrical recording. This structure may also be suitable for delivering fluid and/or contain optical structures suitable for physiological sensing.

Abstract: A radiofrequency guidewire includes a core wire configured to be coupled to a radiofrequency generator. The core wire includes a proximal end and a distal end with respect to the radiofrequency generator. A tip structure is coupled to the core wire proximate the distal end. The tip structure includes one or more edge surfaces. The one or more edge surfaces provide an area of reduced curvature radius on the tip structure. The area of reduced curvature radius generates a higher electric field than other areas of the tip structure during a delivery of radiofrequency energy on the tip structure. A method of ablating an occlusion utilizing the radiofrequency guidewire is also disclosed.

Abstract: Methods for forming an implantable layer onto a staple cartridge are disclosed.

Abstract: A lead-in-lead system may include a first implantable lead having a first electrode and a second implantable lead having a second electrode guided by the first implantable lead to an implantation site. The second electrode may be implanted in a patient's heart distal to the first electrode at the same implantation site or at a second implantation site. Various methods may be used to deliver the lead-in-lead system to one or more implantation sites including at the triangle of Koch for ventricle-from-atrium (VfA) therapy, at the right ventricular septal wall for dual bundle-branch pacing, or in the coronary vasculature for left side sensing and pacing.