Abstract: Provided is a refrigerator (10), including: a cabinet (100) in which a cooling chamber (200) located at a lower side and at least one storage compartment located above the cooling chamber (200) are defined, a bottom air inlet (110a) and a bottom air outlet (110b) being provided in a bottom of the cabinet (100) in a transverse direction at an interval; a compressor chamber (300) arranged behind the cooling chamber (200), in which a compressor (104), a heat dissipation fan (106) and a condenser (105) are sequentially arranged; and a divider (117) configured to completely isolate the bottom air inlet (110a) from the bottom air outlet (110b), such that external air entering the condenser (105) and heat dissipation air discharged from the compressor (104) are not crossed. In the refrigerator (10), the freezing chamber (132) is raised, a user has no need to bend down much to access to the freezing chamber (132), and the use experience is improved.

Abstract: An air conditioner includes an outdoor unit having a compressor and an outdoor heat exchanger. A ventilator connected to the outdoor unit by refrigerant pipes allows outside air to pass through a heat exchanger and flow into an indoor space, and allows indoor air to pass through the heat exchanger and flow to an outdoor space. The ventilator includes a supply passage through which the outside air flows into the indoor space, and a discharge passage through which the indoor air is discharged to the outdoor space. The ventilaro also includes a main heat exchanger in the supply passage and a recovery heat exchanger in the discharge passage. A refrigerant distributor supplies the refrigerant from the outdoor unit to the main heat exchanger or the recovery heat exchanger, vice-versa. A reheat exchanger in the supply passage heats the air flowing therethrough.

Abstract: A refrigerator includes a housing body and a refrigeration system with a compressor and a condenser. A machine room is provided on a lower side of the housing body, to accommodate the compressor and the condenser. A cover body closes the machine room. A positioning member is disposed on a wall of the housing body, to position the cover body on the housing body in a preassembly stage. The cover body is positioned at a pre-determined position on the housing body in a preassembly stage by using a positioning member, for example, fixed in a preassembly stage at a position covering the machine room. A screw hole on the cover body and a screw hole on the housing body are aligned with each other. This assists an assembly operation by enabling screws to be screwed into the screw holes easily and accurately, to further rapidly fix the cover body, thereby improving the installation efficiency of the assembly worker.

Abstract: An air conditioner for a vehicle includes: a condenser that includes a core for allowing heat exchange between a refrigerant discharged from a compressor of a refrigeration cycle and air; and a switching unit that switches a refrigerant passage in the condenser. The switching unit switches the refrigerant passage between a first refrigerant passage that allows the refrigerant to flow throughout the core, and a second refrigerant passage that allows the refrigerant to flow through a part of the core by allowing the refrigerant discharged from the compressor to flow into a middle part of the core.

Abstract: An outdoor unit for an air-conditioning apparatus is provided in which heat-exchanger units can be arranged such that a heat exchanger has a further increased capacity in a casing of a limited size while the volume of air to be fed to the heat exchanger is maximized. An outdoor unit for an air-conditioning apparatus includes a casing having a rectangular plan-view shape formed of a front portion, a left portion, and a rear portion; a heat exchanger provided in the casing and including a plurality of parts each having a rectangular plan-view shape; and a plurality of air-sending fans provided above a plurality of air inlet spaces, respectively, the air inlet spaces each being provided on an inner side of a corresponding one of the plurality of rectangular parts of the heat exchanger.

Abstract: Provided is a radiator and condenser assembly, and more particularly, a radiator and condenser assembly capable of forming a pair of protrusions for horizontally fixing the condenser at a lower portion of a header tank of the radiator and forming a fixed part in a ‘U’ shape for fixing the condenser in a front and back direction to directly fix a vapor-liquid separator of the condenser to the header tank of the radiator to remove a fixed bracket formed in the condenser, thereby saving component manufacturing costs and additional process and processing costs for forming the fixed bracket.

Abstract: A refrigerator is disclosed. The refrigerator includes a cabinet, a freezing compartment defined in the cabinet, a door coupled to the cabinet so as to open and close the freezing compartment, and a pressure regulator mounted on the cabinet on as to allow an inside of the freezing compartment to communicate with an outside of the freezing compartment to reduce the difference in pressure when the door is opened, wherein the pressure regulator includes a connecting tube mounted at the position on the cabinet, an air introduction tube connected to the connecting tube outside of the cabinet, an opening device mounted in the air introduction tube so as to open and close an inlet of the air introduction tube, and a heater disposed around the connecting tube so as to heat the connecting tube to thus eliminate frost accumulated on the inner surface of the connecting tube.

Abstract: A receiver for a heat exchanger, especially a condenser of a refrigerant system, is disclosed. The receiver has a hollow body and a closure closing the body. The body defines an internal volume configured to receive a fluid flowing through the heat exchanger, and the closure is adapted to establish a communication of the fluid between said internal volume and a flange of the heat exchanger. The closure is removable from the flange and detachably coupled to the body. A heat exchanger, especially a condenser equipped thereof, is also disclosed.

Abstract: A refrigerator and a method of controlling a refrigerator are provided. The refrigerator may include a machine room defined in or at one side of a storage compartment, a base that defines a bottom surface of the machine room, a compressor seated on the base to compress a refrigerant, a condenser that condenses a refrigerant compressed in the compressor, the condenser being disposed on or at one side of the compressor, a drain pan disposed on the base to store condensed water generated in the condenser, and a fan assembly coupled to the base to generate an air flow within the machine room. The fan assembly may include a plurality of condensation fans.

Abstract: In a heat exchanger 1 provided with a receiver tank 9 where a tank 3 of the heat exchanger 1 are connected with each other through intermediate member 7, 8, at least one side of the intermediate member 7, 8 and an outer circumferential portion of the receiver tank 9 is provided with a restricting portion 13c, 31 that restricts a relative displacement between the intermediate members 7, 8 and the receiver tank 9 in a direction along an attachment surface of the receiver tank 9 to which at least the intermediate member 7, 8 is attached.

Abstract: An outdoor unit for an air conditioning device includes an outdoor unit main body, a heat exchanger, a fan provided in an upper part of the outdoor unit main body, the fan blowing out the air taken in from a side surface of the outdoor unit main body upward, a ventilating member surrounding an outer circumference of the fan and forming a blow-out port, and an electric component unit accommodated in the outdoor unit main body and arranged in an opening portion between one side end portion and the other side end portion of the heat exchanger, wherein the electric component unit is provided so as to cross over a lower end of the ventilating member in the up and down direction, and on the upper side than the lower end of the ventilating member, the electric component unit is arranged on the horizontally outer side than the ventilating member.

Abstract: An outdoor unit for an air conditioning device includes an outdoor unit main body, a heat exchanger, a fan provided in an upper part of the outdoor unit main body, the fan blowing out the air taken in from a side surface of the outdoor unit main body upward, a ventilating member surrounding an outer circumference of the fan and forming a blow-out port, and an electric component unit accommodated in the outdoor unit main body and arranged in an opening portion between one side end portion and the other side end portion of the heat exchanger, wherein the electric component unit is provided so as to cross over a lower end of the ventilating member in the up and down direction, and on the upper side than the lower end of the ventilating member, the electric component unit is arranged on the horizontally outer side than the ventilating member.

Abstract: A heat exchanger (1) of a heat pump system (2) having a main core part (6), a subcool core part (10), and a receiver tank (8), the main core part (6) and the subcool core part (10) having: a first flow channel comprising a pair of header tanks (12) arranged separated from each other in the vertical direction, a plurality of tubes (14) arranged so as to extend vertically between the header tanks (12), the tubes (14) passing through the pair of header tanks (12), and a fin (16) arranged between adjacent tubes (14), the first flow channel allowing the coolant to pass through in the sequence of the main core part (6), the receiver tank (8), and the subcool core part (10); and a second flow channel for allowing the coolant to pass through the main core part (6) only, in the direction opposite that of the first flow channel.

Abstract: Provided is a heat exchanger. The heat exchanger includes a plurality of refrigerant tubes in which a refrigerant flows, a heatsink fin coupled to the plurality of refrigerant tubes to heat-exchange the refrigerant with a fluid, a header disposed on at least one side of the plurality of refrigerant tubes to define a flow space of the refrigerant and a guide device disposed in the header to partition the flow space, the guide device guiding the refrigerant from the header to the refrigerant tubes. The guide device includes a movable cover part.

Abstract: An outdoor unit of air conditioner for ensuring strength against an impact applied to an electrical component box in a front-back, left-right, or top-bottom direction. The electrical component box has an upper partition plate, a front plate, and a box base plate coupled to one another and supported by an arm and a support post. The arm substantially perpendicularly supports the front plate in a front-back direction, and the upper partition plate. Thus, the electrical component box is strong enough to withstand an impact in the front-back and the left-right directions. Further, the support post substantially perpendicularly supports the arm and the box base plate in a top-bottom direction allowing the electrical component box to withstand an impact in the top-bottom direction. Also material of the electrical component box can be reduced.

Abstract: This invention relates generally to oil lubricated helium compressor units for use in cryogenic refrigeration systems, operating on the Gifford McMahon (GM) cycle. The objective of this invention is to keep the oil separator and absorber, which are components in an oil lubricated, helium compressor, in an indoor air conditioned environment while rejecting at least 65% of the heat from the compressor outdoors during the summer. The balance of the heat is rejected to either the indoor air conditioned air, or cooling water. This is accomplished by circulating hot oil at high pressure to an outdoor air cooled heat exchanger and returning cooled oil to the compressor inlet, while hot high pressure helium is cooled in an air or water cooled heat exchanger in an indoor assembly that includes the compressor, an oil separator, an oil absorber, and other piping and control components. It is an option to reject the heat from the oil to the indoor space during the winter to save on the cost of heating the indoor space.

Abstract: An air conditioner includes an outdoor fan and a refrigerant circuit having a compressor, an outdoor heat exchanger, an expansion valve, and an indoor heat exchanger connected to each other. An expansion valve refrigerant discharge control, in which the compressor is driven in a state where the outdoor fan is stopped and the expansion valve is open, is performed when a cooling start noise reduction condition that a state of refrigerant at inlet and outlet ports of the expansion valve is in a one-phase liquid state is satisfied when starting the cooling operation. An expansion valve normal switching control, in which an opening of the expansion valve is reduced and an operating frequency of the compressor is increased, is performed after the expansion valve refrigerant discharge control.

Abstract: An HVAC controller, a method of operating an HVAC controller and an HVAC system employing the controller or the method. In one embodiment, the HVAC controller includes: (1) a processor couplable to at least two refrigerant pressure sensors via separate data paths to receive input signals therefrom and further couplable to a compressor stage and a condenser fan to provide output signals thereto and (2) memory coupled to the processor and configured to store a software program capable of causing the processor to command the compressor stage and the condenser fan to turn on irrespective of a state of an input signal generated by either of the at least two refrigerant pressure sensors and generate alternative error messages at least partially depending upon whether or not a high pressure shutdown occurs after the processor commands the compressor stage and the fan to turn on.

Abstract: An outdoor unit for an air-conditioning apparatus includes a heat exchanger, at least one fan, a compressor, and a box-shaped casing that houses the foregoing elements and has an air inlet and an air outlet. The compressor is provided at a position outside an air passage in which air taken in from the air inlet flows through the heat exchanger and the fan toward the air outlet. The heat exchanger includes a plurality of heat exchanger segments. The heat exchanger segments are arranged zigzag.

Abstract: A condenser includes a shell having a vapor refrigerant inlet, a first tube bundle and a liquid refrigerant outlet. A second tube bundle is positioned in a subcooler component. The subcooler component has a center channel and at least two outer channels and conforms to the shell.

Abstract: A refrigerant system operates in an environment defined by three distinct temperature levels, such as, for instance, the outdoor ambient temperature level, the indoor temperature level and the refrigeration temperature level. The refrigerant system is provided with an air-to-refrigerant heat exchanger located within the general indoor environment and connected to receive the flow of refrigerant from a heat rejection heat exchanger. The air-to-refrigerant heat exchanger gives off heat to the indoor air and in the process further cools the refrigerant flowing to an expansion device to thereby increase the cooling effect provided by an evaporator to the refrigeration area. Provisions are also made to partially or entirely bypass the air-to-refrigerant heat exchanger and/or the heat rejection heat exchanger, on a selective basis.

Abstract: An outdoor unit of a refrigeration apparatus includes an aluminum or aluminum alloy heat exchanger, an aluminum or aluminum alloy bracket having a fixing portion and a securing portion attached directly to the heat exchanger, a non-aluminum side panel having an opening portion with the fixing portion of the bracket passing through the opening, and a nonmetal component interposed between the bracket and the side panel to form a predetermined space between the bracket and the side panel. The side panel is fixed to the fixing portion of the bracket disposed through the opening portion.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to an external condenser and light assembly and, more particularly, to an improved external air conditioning condenser and housing that is designed to additionally serve as a light assembly for an emergency vehicle. The condenser housing is mounted to the exterior of the emergency vehicle, which improves the performance of the emergency vehicle's air-conditioning system. The design of the condenser housing also allows it to serve as a light assembly on which emergency vehicle lights are mounted. The condenser housing and light assembly structure thereby provides for proper air conditioning functionality without occupying space on the exterior of the vehicle that would more preferably be occupied by emergency lighting.

Abstract: The invention relates to a housing that houses a coiled conduit for a first heat transfer fluid with the housing open at two front sides and surrounding the coil. A wall of the housing that extends in the longitudinal direction of the coil is provided with passages.

Abstract: Apparatus for use as a heat pump includes compression chamber means, inlet means for allowing gas to enter the compression chamber means, compression means for compressing gas contained in the compression chamber means, heat exchanger means for receiving thermal energy from gas compressed by the compression means, expansion chamber means for receiving gas after exposure to the heat exchange means, expansion means for expanding gas received in the expansion chamber means, and exhaust means for venting gas from the expansion chamber means after expansion thereof.

Abstract: A new constructive arrangement inserted into a condensing unit provided with bidirectional flow, thus allowing the flow of the machine to be disposed either vertically or horizontally, according to the required application having a base to which an “L” shaped condensing coil is attached, and further receiving a compressor in the center thereof and a side panel on the side thereof, for receiving a structural “L” shaped air scoop, provided with a motor fan on one of the faces thereof that allows the assembly to be closed with said fan being positioned either vertically or horizontally.

Abstract: An air compressor system is disclosed that includes a housing sized to enclose an air compressor pump as well as a dryer structured to remove moisture from air that is compressed by the compressor pump. The air compressor pump may be intermittently placed into operation, but the dryer itself is structured in one form to continuously maintain a heat exchanger in a desired temperature range in anticipation of operation of the air compressor pump. The heat exchanger of the dryer can include sufficient thermal mass such that a refrigerant pump of the dryer need not be operated continuously in anticipation of operation of the air compressor pump. While a cooling air flow can be created by operation of the air compressor pump, when the air compressor pump is not operated a cooling fan can be used provide cooling to the heat generating components of the dryer.

Abstract: A compressor apparatus for supplying a compressed refrigerant to a cryogenic refrigerator is disclosed that includes a heat exchanger group that includes a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger whose heat exchanging amount is greater than the first heat exchanger; and an axial-flow fan that cools the heat exchanger group. The first heat exchanger is disposed closer to a rotational axis of the axial-flow fan with respect to the second heat exchanger.

Abstract: A covering for use with an outdoor located unit defining an opening which exhibits a plurality of cold temperature sensitive components such as heat dissipating coils or cooling tower coils. A plurality of fasteners are secured to a face of the unit at locations proximate to at least one surrounding side of the opening. The fasteners secure to perimeter extending locations associated with an impermeable layer of material arranged over the opening in order to prevent air movement, ice, and snow through said opening in contact with the coils.

Abstract: This application relates to a coolant condenser assembly for an air conditioning system for a motor vehicle. In a supercooling region, at least two cooling pipes, as the first supercooling parallel section, are acted upon in parallel by the coolant in a fluid-conducting manner, the coolant which flows out of the first supercooling parallel section flows into a first supercooling intermediate flow duct, and the first supercooling intermediate flow duct opens into at least two cooling pipes as the second supercooling parallel section, and the second supercooling parallel section opens into a second supercooling intermediate flow duct and the second supercooling intermediate flow duct opens into at least two cooling pipes as the third supercooling parallel section, such that the outlet opening is disposed on a second longitudinal side of the coolant condenser assembly.

Abstract: A method is provided for operating a refrigerant vapor compression system, for example an air-cooled chiller or air-cooled condensing unit, at optimal energy efficiency rating. The method includes the steps of: determining the instantaneous values of a plurality of selected operating parameters of the system's refrigeration unit, calculating a desired control parameter set point indicative of an optimal energy efficiency rating for the refrigeration unit as a function of the selected operating parameters, sensing the instantaneous value of the control parameter, comparing the sensed instantaneous value of the control parameter to the calculated control parameter set point, and adjusting the operating speed of the condenser fans associated with the air-cooled condenser of the refrigeration unit in response to that comparison.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a refrigerator unit and/or a freezer unit comprising at least one fan, at least one compressor and at least one condenser, wherein the fan is arranged such that it applies air to the compressor and to the condenser in parallel.

Abstract: A propeller fan rotates about a vertical axis. A bellmouth has a wall extending such that an air passage on an outlet side spreads outward. The bellmouth has a shape satisfying: H/D?0.04 between a length H of the sloping surface in a direction of the rotation axis from an end on an inlet; side to an end on the outlet side and a fan diameter D of the propeller fan 0<??60° for an angle ? formed between a line connecting the ends of the sloping surface and the rotation axis; and L/L0?0.5 between a length L in the direction of the rotation axis from an opening on the inlet side to the end of the sloping surface on the inlet side and a length L0 of the blades of the propeller fan in the direction of the rotational axis.

Abstract: Air cooled chillers having a condenser section (300) sized to match chiller capacity and auxiliary cooling requirements satisfied by use of an independent cooling coil (314) dedicated to providing auxiliary cooling. The independent cooling coil (314) is located within the current condenser (300), but utilizes available space within the existing condenser, as well as a small portion of the airflow driven by the existing condenser fan (320). Thus, the auxiliary cooling capacity is provided with a single dedicated coil design, but which otherwise uses existing equipment and space.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a multi-PID controller system where a variable such as the temperature of a fluid in a reservoir is stabilized using two or more PID controllers to optimize the control of an actuator, such as a flow control valve of a refrigeration system, to control a flow rate. The system also allows for the optimization of the PID control of a fan speed based on the optimized regulation of the control valve and a comparison with other input variables. The setpoint temperature is further stabilized by setting up in proximity of the desired setpoint a deadband analysis to prevent overlap of the PID-driven heat regulation and the multi-PID-driven cold regulation.

Abstract: A condenser may include a main radiating portion including a plurality that is formed by laminating a plurality of plates, a receiver drier portion integrally formed at one side end of the main radiating portion, a supercooling radiator that is integrally formed at a lower portion of the main radiating portion, and an accumulator portion integrally formed with the main radiating portion and the other end portion of the supercooling radiator. An air conditioning system may include an expansion valve, an evaporator, and an electrically driven compressor, a water cooler condenser, and a heat exchanger, wherein a liquid state refrigerant of a middle temperature and high pressure passing the water cooler condenser exchanges heat with a low temperature/pressure refrigerant passing the evaporator in the heat exchanger.

Abstract: A refrigerator is provided that includes a CMS adapted to define at least a portion of an envelope of at least one of a freezer compartment and a refrigerator compartment, where the CMS has a high pressure side and a low pressure side. The high pressure side includes an orientation-flexible compressor and a condenser fluidly connected with the orientation-flexible compressor. The low pressure side is fluidly connected to the high pressure side and includes an evaporator. The CMS also includes at least one housing configured to enclose at least one of the orientation-flexible compressor, the condenser, and the evaporator. The CMS further includes an insulating panel forming at least a portion of the at least one housing, and substantially separating the high pressure side from the low pressure side. The CMS is typically configured to operate in a plurality of orientations based upon the orientation-flexible compressor.

Abstract: A transport refrigeration system having a structural framework supporting a refrigeration unit including a condenser heat exchanger supported in an upper region of the framework and an engine and an electric generator powered by the engine supported by the framework in an engine compartment in a lower region of the framework, includes a pair of vertically disposed condenser fan/motor assemblies disposed aft of the condenser heat exchanger in side-by-side relationship and above the engine compartment; and a flow partition extending vertically between the pair of condenser fan/motor assemblies.

Abstract: A cooling system having a pumped loop cooling system and an embedded vapor compression loop system for cooling air inside an enclosed space such as a container both when the required air temperature inside container is warmer or cooler than the outside ambient air temperature. The pumped loop cooling system is positioned within the container except for a condenser positioned outside the container. The vapor compression loop system is positioned outside the container and includes a liquid to liquid heat exchanger which cools the fluid in the pumped loop system when the condenser is selectively bypassed when the temperature inside the container is higher than the temperature outside the container.

Abstract: Apparatus and method are provided for cooling an electronic component. The apparatus includes a refrigerant evaporator in thermal communication with a component(s) to be cooled, and a refrigerant loop coupled in fluid communication with the evaporator for facilitating flow of refrigerant through the evaporator. The apparatus further includes a compressor in fluid communication with a refrigerant loop, an air-cooled heat sink coupled to the refrigerant evaporator, for providing backup cooling to the electronic component in a backup, air cooling mode, and a controllable refrigerant heater coupled to the heat sink. The refrigerant heater is in thermal communication across the heat sink with refrigerant passing through the refrigerant evaporator, and is controlled in a primary, refrigeration cooling mode to apply an auxiliary heat load to refrigerant passing through the refrigerant evaporator to ensure that refrigerant in the refrigerant loop entering the compressor is in a superheated thermodynamic state.

Abstract: A heating, ventilation, air conditioning and refrigeration (HVAC&R) system having a compressor, a heat exchanger, an expansion valve, and a multichannel heat exchanger connected in a closed refrigerant loop. The multichannel heat exchanger has at least two fluid flow paths cooled by a flow of air from an air-moving device through the multichannel heat exchanger. Each of the at least two fluid flow paths have an inlet and an outlet in communication there between. The multichannel heat exchanger also has at least one flow regulator disposed in at least one outlet to regulate through at least one fluid flow path in response to the air flow through the heat exchanger to achieve a substantially equal temperature of a fluid flowing in the at least two flow paths.

Abstract: One aspect of the disclosure provides an air conditioning system. The air conditioning system, in this embodiment, includes an exterior housing, and a motor having fan blades rotatably coupled thereto located within the exterior housing. The air conditioning system, in this embodiment, further includes a controller coupled to the motor and configured to rotate the fan blades based upon climate conditions proximate the exterior housing.

Abstract: Apparatus and methodologies are provided to monitor temperature from at least two locations on an evaporator in a refrigeration system. Operational characteristics of one or more of the compressor, condenser and evaporator cooling fans are adjusted based on the difference in temperature between the two locations on the evaporator. In some systems a second evaporator may be provided along with a refrigerant control valve. Cooling air flow across the second evaporator and refrigerant distribution between the plural evaporators may also be control.

Abstract: An improved heat exchanger for an appliance is provided. More particularly, the present invention provides a new condenser for a refrigerator that is formed from a conduit wound into the shape of a conical helix. Extensions from the surface of the conduit provide additional area for heat exchange. A fan can be aligned with the conical helix to further improve heat transfer.

Abstract: The disclosure provides an apparatus for heating water and dehumidifying air and a water heating and air processing system. In one embodiment, the apparatus includes: (1) a refrigeration circuit including an evaporator, a first condenser and a compressor, (2) a refrigerant-water heat exchanger having a second condenser fluidly coupled to the refrigeration circuit and (3) a control valve operatively connected to the refrigeration circuit to either direct flow of the refrigerant through the first condenser during a dehumidification mode or through the second condenser during a water heating mode.

Abstract: A condenser for a motor vehicle air-conditioning circuit includes a multitude of stacked main-section plates assembled to delimit first flow channels for a refrigerating fluid which alternate with second flow channels for a cooling fluid. The condenser includes at least two passes over the refrigerating fluid. The condenser also includes at least one condenser inlet and one condenser outlet for refrigerating fluid. The condenser also includes an inlet pass over the refrigerating fluid communicating with the condenser inlet and an outlet pass communicating with the condenser outlet. The cross section of the passes diminishes from the inlet pass towards the outlet pass.

Abstract: A cooling system for an appliance includes an evaporator stage, a compressor stage coupled to the evaporator stage and a condenser stage coupled to the compressor stage. The condenser stage includes a condenser and a condenser cooling fan for cooling the condenser, and a condenser loop coupled between the condenser stage and the evaporator stage. A humidity sensor is configured to detect a humidity level in an area of the cooling system and a controller is configured to cycle an operating state of the condenser cooling fan from ON to a low speed or OFF prior to an end of a cooling cycle.

Abstract: A demand-based air conditioning system for a passenger vehicle that may utilize one or both of a contaminate sensor and a door sensor. A controller operates a damper to send an estimated amount of fresh air into a passenger compartment, based on the sensed level of contaminate in the passenger compartment, to ensure the air quality in the passenger compartment is acceptable for passengers.

Abstract: A heating and/or cooling system for a dwelling, including a heat exchanger that is located indoors, and ducting that directs rejected air to the attic space or outdoors. The heat exchanger is pre-heated and/or pre-cooled with indoor space air, thereby increasing the efficiency of the system. Additionally, a pair of parallel heat exchangers are mounted in the air path of the air handler that forces air in the indoor space of the dwelling. The parallel heat exchangers are connected to conduit through which refrigerant flows between the first heat exchanger, a compressor and an expansion valve. The parallel heat exchangers are mounted in the air path, and because they are heated or cooled to the same extent, they heat or cool the air blowing through them to a greater extent than a conventional heating and cooling system.

Abstract: A condensing unit has a fan selectively operable to draw air through the condensing unit along an airflow path, a first row of condenser tubes disposed along the airflow path, and a second row of desuperheater tubes disposed along the airflow path downstream relative to the first row of condenser tubes. A condensing unit has an airflow path, a desuperheater heat exchanger disposed along the airflow path, and a condenser heat exchanger disposed along the airflow path. A method of desuperheating a refrigerant includes causing air having a first air temperature to encounter a condenser tube comprising refrigerant having a first refrigerant temperature, raising the temperature of the air to a second air temperature, and causing the air having the second air temperature to encounter a desuperheater tube comprising refrigerant having a second refrigerant temperature higher than the first refrigerant temperature.