Abstract: A system for determining a geolocation of a mobile object movable through a terrain in a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signal attenuated environment is provided herein.

Abstract: A platoon driving control system of a vehicle includes a processor, a navigation, and a driving controller communicatively connected to one another. The processor is configured to estimate a charging amount of a power source that drives a driving device or an available driving distance of each vehicle included in a platoon. The navigation is configured to set a driving route based on a destination of the platoon and search for a charging station for the power source based on the set driving route. The processor is further configured to determine a charging strategy of the power source of the platoon based on the charging amount or the available driving distance of each vehicle, the driving route set by the navigation, and the searched charging station. The driving controller is configured to control driving of the platoon based on the driving route set by the navigation and the charging strategy.

Abstract: A method and system for navigating a vehicle based upon data of a group includes automatically determining a specific group identity for an operator and one or more occupants of a vehicle by digitally identifying the operator and the one or more occupants of the vehicle based upon Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI) of a wireless network with multiple antennas in the vehicle to estimate localization of wireless devices of the operator and the one or more occupants, evaluating parameters associated with the specific group identity, and determining a path for the vehicle based upon the specific group identity.

Abstract: Presented are intelligent electronic footwear with controller automated features, methods for making/using such footwear, and control systems for executing automated features of intelligent electronic footwear. An intelligent electronic shoe (IES) includes an upper that attaches to a user's foot, and a sole structure that is attached to the upper and supports thereon the user's foot. An alert system, which is mounted to the sole structure and/or upper, generates predetermined outputs in response to electronic command signals. The IES system also includes a wireless communications device that wirelessly communicates with a remote computing node, and a footwear controller that communicates with the wireless communications device and alert system.

Abstract: Systems and method are provided for notifying an operator of a vehicle of reverse operation of a vehicle. In one embodiment, a method includes: receiving, by a processor, at least one of sensor data and vehicle message data, wherein the sensor data is generated by a sensor of an infrastructure system, and wherein the vehicle message data is generated by a remote vehicle; determining, by the processor, a reverse operation of the remote vehicle based on the at least one of the sensor data and the vehicle message data; and generating, by the processor, notification data based on the reverse operation of the remote vehicle.

Abstract: Systems and methods for determining a set of routes using a graph having nodes and links connecting the nodes. The routes are determined for one or more tokens, and each token is associated with an origin node and a destination node included in the graph and with a token weight. Token constraints, which include at least one constraint relative to the token weight, are received for each token. Candidate routes satisfying at least some of the token constraints are received for each token. Each candidate route includes at least one route link included in the graph and the each route link is associated with a link weight. Shared route links are those route links that share at least two tokens. The candidate routes are filtered based on a condition related to the link weight of each shared route link and to the weights of the tokens sharing the link.

Abstract: Presented are intelligent electronic footwear and apparel with controller-automated features, methods for making/operating such footwear and apparel, and control systems for executing automated features of such footwear and apparel. A method for operating an intelligent electronic shoe (IES) includes receiving, e.g., via a controller through a wireless communications device from a GPS satellite service, location data of a user. The controller also receives, e.g., from a backend server-class computer or other remote computing node, location data for a target object or site, such as a virtual shoe hidden at a virtual spot. The controller retrieves or predicts path plan data including a derived route for traversing from the user's location to the target's location within a geographic area. The controller then transmits command signals to a navigation alert system mounted to the IES's shoe structure to output visual, audio, and/or tactile cues that guide the user along the derived route.

Abstract: A method for estimating a grip of a tire supporting a vehicle includes generating a first set of data from a tire-mounted sensor unit, generating a second set of data from the tire-mounted sensor unit and from data obtained from the vehicle, and generating a third set of data from data obtained from the vehicle and from the Internet. A grip estimation module is provided. The first, second and third sets of data are received in the grip estimation module. A friction probability distribution is calculated with the grip estimation module using the first, second and third sets of data, and the friction probability distribution is input into at least one vehicle system.

Abstract: A method for assessing environmental data is described. The method includes receiving sensor data associated with each of a plurality of time intervals from at least one sensor on at least one mobile sensor platform. The sensor data is associated with position data corresponding to each of the plurality of time intervals. The position data corresponds to a plurality of positions having a characteristic distance not exceeding one hundred meters. The sensor data includes a plurality of measurements for each of the plurality of positions. The method includes determining, based on the sensor data and the position data, anomalous data including least one of a geographic anomaly or a temporal anomaly.

Abstract: Vehicular systems/methods are disclosed that perform operations comprising: specifying a geographic area responsive to a weather condition, a time-of-day and/or an event; detecting at least one motor vehicle that is within the specified geographic area; and communicating with the at least one motor vehicle that is detected; wherein said communicating comprises: wirelessly transmitting information to the at least one motor vehicle and/or wirelessly receiving information from the at least one motor vehicle; and wherein said detecting comprises: identifying a motor vehicle by wirelessly detecting a unique code associated therewith; and/or identifying a plurality of motor vehicles by wirelessly detecting, for each motor vehicle of the plurality of motor vehicles, a respective unique code associated therewith.

Abstract: A computer executed parallel program scalability bottleneck detection method is provided, which includes: building a program structure graph for a program source code; collecting performance data based on a sampling technique during runtime; the performance data including: performance data of each vertex of the program structure graph and inter-process communication dependence of communication vertices; building a program performance graph by filling the program structure graph with the collected performance data, the program performance graph recording data and control dependence of each process as well as inter-process communication dependence; detecting problematic vertices from the program performance graph, and starting from some or all of the problematic vertices, backtracking through data/control dependence edges within a process and communication dependence edges between different processes, to detect scalability bottleneck vertices.

Abstract: A mapping system creates feature data associated with a first section of a route, stores the feature data in the local storage system as stored feature data, fuses the feature data with the stored feature data to create map data associated with the first section when the vehicle has traversed the first section and collected the stored feature data at least a threshold number of times, stores the map data in the local storage system, identifies one or more route sections as being part of one or more commute routes, and when space in the local storage system is insufficient for storage of the map data or the feature data, enables the storage by removing stored map data from the location storage system based at least in part on a determination that the removed data is not associated with the one or more commute routes.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture are disclosed for augmented reality vehicle condition inspection. An example apparatus disclosed herein includes a location analyzer to determine whether a camera is at an inspection location and directed towards a first vehicle in an inspection profile, the inspection location corresponding to a location of the camera relative to the first vehicle, an interface generator to generate an indication on a display that the camera is at the inspection location, the indication associated with an inspection image being captured, and an image analyzer to compare the inspection image captured at the inspection location with a reference image taken of a reference vehicle of a same type as the first vehicle, and determine a vehicle part condition or a vehicle condition based on the comparison of the inspection image and the reference image.

Abstract: A driving assistance control device includes an active pedal configured to control a driving and braking force of a vehicle, an electronic control unit configured to detect a potential risk area in which an obstacle entering a scheduled traveling route of the vehicle is likely to be present, and determine a reference speed at which contact between the vehicle and the obstacle can be avoided even when the obstacle enters the scheduled traveling route of the vehicle from the detected potential risk area based on a positional relationship between the vehicle and the potential risk area, and a force feedback unit configured to apply an assistance reaction force in a direction in which the amount of manipulation is reduced, to the active pedal when a current speed of the vehicle exceeds the reference speed.

Abstract: Presented are intelligent electronic footwear and apparel with controller-automated features, methods for making/operating such footwear and apparel, and control systems for executing automated features of such footwear and apparel. A method for operating an intelligent electronic shoe (IES) includes receiving, e.g., via a controller through a wireless communications device from a GPS satellite service, location data of a user. The controller also receives, e.g., from a backend server-class computer or other remote computing node, location data for a target object or site, such as a virtual shoe hidden at a virtual spot. The controller retrieves or predicts path plan data including a derived route for traversing from the user's location to the target's location within a geographic area. The controller then transmits command signals to a navigation alert system mounted to the IES's shoe structure to output visual, audio, and/or tactile cues that guide the user along the derived route.

Abstract: The portable device is provided with a photograph unit to acquire, at a first time interval, images with a super wide angle of which a maximum value reaches all peripheral directions around the portable device; a traveling direction calculation unit to calculate a traveling direction of the portable device at a second time interval; an image segmentation unit to segment, as a traveling direction image, an image of a predetermined range where the traveling direction is positioned at a center thereof, from a latest acquired image every time the traveling direction calculation unit calculates the traveling direction; and a display control unit to display the traveling direction image on a predetermined traveling direction display region of a display of the portable device. The display control unit displays a video image designated by a user on a first display region, which is different from the traveling direction display region.

Abstract: An example operation includes one or more of receiving, via a transport, a transport audio, classifying, via the transport, a subset of the transport audio as an atypical transport audio, determining, via the transport, a possible source location of the atypical transport audio, transmitting, via the transport, the atypical transport audio and the possible source location to a server, determining, via the server, a set of potential causes of the atypical transport audio and receiving, via the transport, the set of potential causes of the atypical transport audio.

Abstract: Disclosed is an elevator system for a building, the system including a first elevator for transporting a passenger with a first mobile device between a plurality of lobbies, the system comprising a controller that communicates with the first mobile device renders a plurality of determinations including: a first determination that the passenger is seeking to engage a tenant, whom is a building tenant, a second determination to provide directional information between a current location of the passenger and a first lobby on the first level, a third determination to assign the first elevator to transport the passenger from the first lobby to a second lobby on the second level to engage the tenant, the controller being configured to effect a plurality of transmissions including: a first transmission to the first mobile device to effect the second determination, and a second transmission to the first elevator to effect the third determination.

Abstract: A system or method implemented by an autonomous vehicle involves determining a path plan to reach a destination from an origin. The path plan includes two or more path steps indicating tasks to be completed to reach the destination. The method includes, during traversal of the path plan by the autonomous vehicle, evaluating one or more of the two or more path steps of a planning horizon to determine a behavior plan for the planning horizon. The planning horizon is based on a current position of the autonomous vehicle, the behavior plan includes a speed and a trajectory, and the evaluating includes performing a cost analysis using a parallelized tree-based decision scheme at each of two or more simulation intervals within the planning horizon. The evaluating and the determining the behavior plan is repeated at two or more positions of the autonomous vehicle from the origin to the destination.

Abstract: A core provider predicts that a device will enter an area of poor coverage by a wireless network provider. Based on the prediction, one or more rules are applied to prioritize data traffic to be received prior to entering the area of poor coverage. The prediction that the device will enter the area of poor coverage may be based on cell coverage data received from the wireless network provider, connection quality data received from other devices, a location of the device, a speed of the device, a direction of the device, or any suitable combination thereof. A route of the device may be changed to avoid or minimize an amount of time in the area of poor coverage. As another alternative, the device may be switched from the wireless network provider to another wireless network with better coverage.

Abstract: A server node (240, 340) and method therein for assisting a first wireless communication device (210, 310) and a second wireless communication device (220, 320) to seek each other in a wireless communication network are disclosed. The server node inquires positioning and movement information of the first and second devices and obtains information on a relative position between the first and the second devices. The server node then sends instructions to at least one of the first and second devices based on the information on the relative position.

Abstract: GPS devices of vehicles send routes of drivers and automatically generated coordinates of driver positions to a host application for saving on memory remote from the vehicles. Selections of saved routes by drivers and coordinates of driver positions indicating starting and completion of the saved routes are sent to the host application for storing driver trip times corresponding to the saved routes. A driver sends a request for a saved route to the host application. When the host application identifies other saved routes that have start and destination locations within predetermined distances of start and destination locations of the requested saved route, the GPS device of the driver receives at least one of the other save routes from the host application.

Abstract: A method involves accelerating the electronic determination of high quality solutions to routing problems by utilizing determined optimized time windows for precomputing optimal path matrices to reduce computer resource usage. The use of traffic windows defined based on changes in rates of change of speeds for traffic on road segments allows for more rapid determination of a set of one or more high quality solutions as compared to requiring on-demand, in-process determination of a shortest path for a particular time during comparison of paths or routes performed as part of a process for determining high quality solutions to the routing problem.

Abstract: A wireless communication system includes a plurality of wireless communication devices each including a display unit, and an information terminal device that performs wireless communication with each of the plurality of wireless communication devices. The information terminal device includes a field intensity calculation unit that determines a field intensity of each of the plurality of wireless communication devices, and a communication device selection unit that selects at least one wireless communication device based on each field intensity determined by the field intensity calculation unit.

Abstract: An exemplary geospatial navigation system provides, to a user of a mobile navigation device, navigational guidance along a route from a starting location to a destination location. The geospatial navigation system also identifies a first transportation mode being employed by the user to traverse the route. While the navigational guidance is being provided, the geospatial navigation system receives sensor data generated by a sensor within the mobile navigation device, and determines, based on the sensor data, that the user switches from the first transportation mode to a second transportation mode. In response to the determining that the user switches from the first to the second transportation mode, the geospatial navigation system suspends and/or engages one or more features of the navigational guidance being provided to the user. Corresponding methods and systems are also disclosed.

Abstract: A vehicle control device (100) includes a recognition unit (130) that recognizes a surrounding situation of a vehicle, and a driving control unit (140, 160) that controls steering and acceleration and deceleration of the vehicle based on the surrounding situation recognized by the recognition unit. In a case where a traffic participant is recognized in a progress direction of the vehicle by the recognition unit, the driving control unit sets an entry inhibition region where an entry of the vehicle is to be avoided, using the traffic participant as a reference, based on a degree of recognition of the vehicle by the traffic participant.

Abstract: Generating a pedestrian tour includes: receiving a query from a user device via a network, the query indicative of a request for a pedestrian tour and including a location and preferences including a target length for the pedestrian tour; obtaining a graph of a geographical area around the location of the user device, the graph including nodes indicative of path crossings and arcs indicative of paths connecting pairs of the nodes; determining scores for the arcs based on characteristics of the arcs, respectively, and the preferences; selecting connecting ones of the arcs based on the scores of the connecting ones of the arcs, lengths of the selected connecting ones of the arcs, and the target length; adding the selected connecting ones of the arcs to the pedestrian tour to initialize the pedestrian tour; and transmitting the pedestrian tour to the user device via the network for display.

Abstract: Systems and methods for compensating for driver speed-tracking error are disclosed herein. One embodiment computes a recommended speed for a vehicle; classifies a driver of the vehicle as a particular type of driver among a plurality of driver types based on measured speed-tracking error, wherein the speed-tracking error is a difference between the recommended speed and an actual speed of the vehicle; predicts the speed-tracking error at a future time increment based on the speed-tracking error at one or more past time increments using a nonlinear autoregressive (NAR) neural network associated with the particular type of driver; computes a compensated recommended speed for the vehicle based on the recommended speed and the predicted speed-tracking error at the future time increment; and communicates the compensated recommended speed to the driver.

Abstract: A method for primarily sensor-based navigation includes: in a first time period, collecting geophysical position data using a GPS receiver of a navigation device; in the first time period, collecting a first set of accelerometer data using an accelerometer of the navigation device; analyzing the first set of accelerometer data to produce a first set of vertical vehicular motion data; generating a mapping association between the first set of vertical vehicular motion data and the geophysical position data; in a second time period after the first time period, collecting a second set of accelerometer data using the accelerometer; analyzing the second set of accelerometer data to produce a second set of vertical vehicular motion data; and calculating an estimated location of the vehicle by analyzing the second set of vertical vehicular motion data in light of the mapping association.

Abstract: A commodity layout database retains commodity arrangement information in which a plurality of kinds of commodity identification information for identifying a plurality of commodities arranged indoors and indoor arrangement positions of the plurality of commodities are associated with each other. A photographing unit photographs the periphery of an indoor. A commodity specifying unit analyzes a photographed image and specifies commodity identification information included in the photographed image. A guidance information creating unit specifies an indoor arrangement position of a registered commodity registered in advance by the user on the basis of the specified commodity identification information, the commodity arrangement information, and registered commodity identification information for identifying the registered commodity, and creates guidance information for guiding the user to the specified arrangement position of the registered commodity. A display unit presents the created guidance information.

Abstract: A map information update system includes a map database; a server; a vehicle position recognition unit configured to recognizes a vehicle position of a vehicle on a map; an external environment information generation unit configured to generate external environment information related to an external environment of the vehicle in association with the vehicle position on the map based on the vehicle position on the map and a detection result of a sensor mounted on the vehicle; a map freshness calculation unit configured to calculate map freshness per area set in advance on map information; a awarding unit configured to award a user of the vehicle or the vehicle an incentive point which is set in advance in accordance with the map freshness of the area corresponding to the external environment information, when the external environment information is transmitted to the server from the vehicle; and a user interaction unit.

Abstract: A head mounted display device is provided that includes a display device, a camera device, an input device, and a processor. The processor is configured to store a database of physical objects and virtual objects that have been associated with one or more semantic tags. The processor is further configured to receive a natural language input from a user via the input device and perform semantic processing on the natural language input to determine a user specified operation and identify one or more semantic tags indicated by the natural language input. The processor is further configured to select a target virtual object and a target physical object based on the identified one or more semantic tags, perform the determined user specified operation on the target virtual object based on the target physical object, and display the target virtual object at a physical location associated with the target physical object.

Abstract: Determining if a receiver is inside or outside a building or area. Particular systems and methods for determining if a receiver is inside or outside a building determine an estimate of a position of a receiver, and use the estimate of the position of the receiver and other data to determine if the position of the receiver is inside a first building. The other data may include locations of geo-fences inside buildings, heights of buildings, or other types of data.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for enforcing at least one rule associated with a geofence. At least one device is constructed and configured in network communication with a server platform and a database. The server platform defines at least one geofence for a region of interest and specifies at least one rule associated with the at least one geofence, thereby creating a rule-space model for the region of interest. The at least one geofence comprises a multiplicity of geographic designators with each geographic designator assigned with a unique IPv6 address. The at least one device receives at least one notification signal regarding the at least one rule from the at least one server platform and implements the at least one rule when the at least one device is within a predetermined distance from the at least one geofence for the region of interest.

Abstract: An infrastructure element includes a computer that includes a processor and a memory. The memory stores instructions executable by the processor such that the computer is programmed to classify a traffic condition of a road segment based on data received from an object detection sensor with a field of view including the road segment and that is communicatively connected to the computer. The computer is programmed to broadcast, to an area including the road segment, a vehicle-to-vehicle communication parameter, determined based on the classified traffic condition and specifying one or more of (i) a channel identifier, (ii) a transmission rate, (iii) a transmission power, or (iv) a message size.

Abstract: A computer system receives a request to locate a vehicle within a facility. The computer system parses the request to identify one or more characteristics of the vehicle. The computer system identifies a sensor corresponding to the vehicle based on the one or more characteristics of the vehicle. The computer system identifies a most recent location of the vehicle based on the last registered position of the vehicle within the facility. The computer system transmits a signal to a parking spot sensor at the most recent location of the vehicle in the facility. The computer system receives the unique identification. The computer system determines that the unique identification of the vehicle sensor co-located with the parking spot sensor matches the sensor of the requested vehicle. The computer system reports to the user a current location of the vehicle within the facility based on a location of the parking spot sensor.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method, system, and computer program product of real-time cognitive supply chain optimization. In an embodiment, the present invention includes receiving supply chain optimization data describing a supply chain optimization problem, receiving variables of interest data describing variables of interest with respect to the supply chain optimization problem, generating an optimal route for a user based on the supply chain optimization data and the variables of interest data, monitoring route execution data describing execution of the generated optimal route by the user, capturing deviation data from the monitored route execution data, with respect to critical variable data, and executing a set of logical operations analyzing the captured deviation data with respect to the variables of interest data to identify whether at least one change occurred among the variables of interest at the time of at least one deviation from the generated optimal route.

Abstract: A processing device receives from a speech-detection device intent data and metadata associated with an intent to schedule a resource located in proximity to a location of the speech-detection device. The metadata includes one or more device identifiers associated with one or more devices discovered by the speech-detection device. The processing device determines an availability of resources associated with the one or more device IDs and schedule one of the resources based on the availability. The scheduled resource is located in in proximity to the location of the speech-detection device.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a mobile-communication-based navigation service method for supporting emergency rescue and a service server using the method. The present invention relates to provision of an interactive navigation service between a rescuer and a person who needs to be rescued in a mobile-communication-based navigation service method for supporting emergency rescue.

Abstract: Determining if a receiver is inside or outside a building or area. Particular systems and methods for determining if a receiver is inside or outside a building determine an estimate of a position of a receiver, and use the estimate of the position of the receiver and other data to determine if the position of the receiver is inside a first building. The other data may include locations of geo-fences inside buildings, heights of buildings, or other types of data.

Abstract: A commodity layout database retains commodity arrangement information in which a plurality of kinds of commodity identification information for identifying a plurality of commodities arranged indoors and indoor arrangement positions of the plurality of commodities are associated with each other. A photographing unit photographs the periphery of an indoor. A commodity specifying unit analyzes a photographed image and specifies commodity identification information included in the photographed image. A guidance information creating unit specifies an indoor arrangement position of a registered commodity registered in advance by the user on the basis of the specified commodity identification information, the commodity arrangement information, and registered commodity identification information for identifying the registered commodity, and creates guidance information for guiding the user to the specified arrangement position of the registered commodity. A display unit presents the created guidance information.

Abstract: The transfer of prescription medication pricing requests from a patient is automated through the use of a clearinghouse function that interacts with the client. The patient may transmit from a downloaded mobile application or from a web browser on a mobile device a request for pricing information for one or more drugs or medications. The request will contain an authentication key or the names of drugs or medications and a physical location for the mobile device used by the patient. A drug pricing server then returns the pricing for both name brand and generic forms of all drugs or medications in the request and a location of a pharmacy or fulfillment center within a pre-set distance from the mobile device used by the patient.

Abstract: The present invention combines the geographical coverage possible with fixed, pre-defined route segment costs (e.g. the legal speed limit) with, wherever possible, richer time dependent costs. A user of, for example, a portable navigation device, can therefore continue route planning as before to virtually any destination in a country covered by the stored map database, but wherever possible, can also use traffic data with time-dependent costs, so that the effect of congestion with any time predictability can be accurately taken into account as an automatic, background process. It leaves the user to simply carry on driving, following the guidance offered by the navigation device, without needing to be concerned about congestion that exists now, and whether it will impact his journey.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for electronic distribution of electronic content. The method may include receiving, from an advertiser or content provider, a request to transmit electronic content to a plurality of electronic devices of a desired subset of individuals. The electronic content may relate to a target location affiliated with the advertiser or content provider. The method also may include retrieving population density data for the target location and surrounding area, and correlating the subset of individuals with the population density. In addition, the method also may identifying a geographical zone extending from the target location to a perimeter location. The zone may have a size based on the population density correlated with the subset of individuals. The method may further include receiving an indication that the electronic device of a user has entered the geographical zone, and transmitting electronic content to the electronic device of the user.

Abstract: A method and system for generating a route through a navigable network in a geographic area is disclosed, the navigable network being represented by an electronic map comprising a plurality of segments each having a traversal direction associated therewith. An area is defined around a location represented by the electronic map, and at least some of the outgoing segments from the area are determined. A first optimum cost route from an origin is determined to each of the determined outgoing segments, and these routes are ranked according to their cost. At least one of the first optimum cost routes is selected based on the ranking, and a second optimum cost route is determined from the outgoing segment from the area of the selected route to a destination. The generated route from the origin to the destination comprises the selected first optimum cost route and the second optimum cost route.

Abstract: A system includes a processor and a memory. The memory stores instructions executable by the processor to, upon receiving a first message including a map, a vehicle location, and a first location, navigate the vehicle to the first location, and then, after stopping the vehicle at the first location, navigate the vehicle to a second location upon receiving a second message.

Abstract: Techniques described herein are directed to utilizing an interposing phone number and associated phone tree to direct phone calls intended for a merchant to a customer-facing user interface that facilitates online requests to integrate multiple input channels (e.g., requests made by phone and requests made online) into a single output workflow. An interposing phone number provided by a third-party service can be associated with a merchant profile and an interposing phone tree can be implemented in association with an incoming call directed to the interposing phone number. A path of the interposing phone tree can cause a message including a link to be sent to a mobile device associated with the incoming call. Responsive to receiving an indication of activation of the link, an instruction can be sent to the mobile device causing a customer-facing user interface to be presented to enable a customer to interact with the merchant.

Abstract: An indoor navigation method of a handheld terminal, which includes: after receiving an instruction, obtaining an image within a scope of a lens, performing analysis on a barcode of a barcode label in the image, obtaining identifier information of each barcode label, selecting color blocks from at least two barcode labels; calculating coordinates of each of the color blocks in a pixel coordinate system according to a position of each selected color block in the image; and calculating coordinates corresponding to each of the color blocks in a coordinate system on the basis of association data of identifier information of the barcode labels and coordinates of the color blocks in the coordinate system according to a barcode label at which each selected color block is located, and calculating coordinates of the handheld terminal in the coordinate system according to a coordinate calculation rule.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a display apparatus for a vehicle, which includes a display and a processor configured to control the display to display a TBT image at a point on a route on a map displayed on the display, which corresponds to a lane in which the vehicle is being driven, by matching the TBT image to the point.

Abstract: A method for primarily sensor-based navigation includes: in a first time period, collecting geophysical position data using a GPS receiver of a navigation device; in the first time period, collecting a first set of accelerometer data using an accelerometer of the navigation device; analyzing the first set of accelerometer data to produce a first set of vertical vehicular motion data; generating a mapping association between the first set of vertical vehicular motion data and the geophysical position data; in a second time period after the first time period, collecting a second set of accelerometer data using the accelerometer; analyzing the second set of accelerometer data to produce a second set of vertical vehicular motion data; and calculating an estimated location of the vehicle by analyzing the second set of vertical vehicular motion data in light of the mapping association.