Abstract: A method for determining a self-healing power grid status is presented. The method includes receiving respective real-time monitoring data corresponding to one or more power grid components, wherein one or more agents are coupled to said power grid components, determining a respective current infectiousness state based upon the received real-time monitoring data, determining respective output data based upon the respective current infectiousness state, exchanging the respective output data with one or more neighboring agents, and generating a respective new infectiousness state based upon the exchanged output data and a state transition diagram.

Abstract: Embodiments of a testing method for optimizing a therapy to a diabetic patient comprise collecting at least one sampling set of biomarker data, computing a probability distribution function, a hazard function, a risk function, and a risk value for the sampling set of biomarker data wherein, wherein the probability distribution function is calculated to approximate the probability distribution of the biomarker data, the hazard function is a function which yields higher hazard values for biomarker readings in the sampling set indicative of higher risk of complications, the risk function is the product of the probability distribution function and the hazard function, and the risk value is calculated by the integral of the risk function, minimizing the risk value by adjusting the diabetic patient's therapy, and exiting the testing method when the risk value for at least one sampling set is minimized to an optimal risk level.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for coding a visual representation of one or more plaque regions in a vessel are provided. The method includes segmenting the visual representation of the vessel to identify structures associated with the vessel, classifying at least one region in the vessel as a plaque region, displaying the at least one plaque region using a visual highlight selectively associated with the classification for the at least one plaque region, and shading the visual highlight based on a probability that the classification is correct.

Abstract: A pulse oximeter system comprises a data processor configured to perform a method that combines a sigma point Kalman filter (SPKF) or sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) algorithm with Bayesian statistics and a mathematical model comprising a cardiovascular model and a plethysmography model to remove contaminating noise and artifacts from the pulse oximeter sensor output and measure blood oxygen saturation, heart rate, left-ventricular stroke volume, aortic pressure and systemic pressures.

Abstract: A life indicator for a component of a machine is disclosed. The life indicator includes at least one sensor operably associated with the machine and configured to sense a property associated with the machine. The sensor is configured to output the sensed property as a data signal. The life indicator also includes a memory element having a first data structure that determines a damage factor for the component of the machine based at least in part on the data signal received from the at least one sensor. A processor executes the first data structure to determine the damage factor.

Abstract: Sampling sufficiency determinations are performed using probability calculations and statistical analysis during a testing process of a population of items. For example, an auditing or reviewing process may involve testing a predetermined sample set of items from the population in order to draw statistical conclusions about the passing or failing rate of the population as a whole. During an ongoing testing process, probability calculations and statistical analyses may be performed regarding the likelihood of the population to pass or fail according to an acceptable failure rate, based on the test results of a subset of the sample set. The sampling sufficiency analyses may potentially allow determinations that the testing process may be stopped before the complete testing of the sample set, and that the population may be declared a passing or failing population within a desired level of confidence.

Abstract: A method for automatically creating a probability of detection (POD) curve of an entire network of transducers monitoring and detecting damage in a structure is based on the POD of each of the individual actuator-sensor paths. These individual path PODs may be generated in different ways, such as by experimentation or simulation. This technique makes it possible to create the POD curve of a structural health monitoring (SHM) system for the detection of damages in structures.

Abstract: A system for evaluating the metrological characteristics of a surface of a substrate, the system including an optical substrate measurement system, a data analyzing system for analyzing data in an evaluation area on the substrate, applying feature-specific filters to characterize the surface of the substrate, and produce surface-specific metrics for characterizing and quantifying a feature of interest, the surface-specific metrics including a range metric for quantifying maximum and minimum deviations in the evaluation area, a deviation metric for quantifying a point deviation having a largest magnitude in a set of point deviations, where the point deviations are an amount of deviation from a reference plane fit to the evaluation area, and a root mean square metric calculated from power spectral density.

Abstract: A method to model a complex system of pipes. The model takes into account the physical processes in a tree-type piping system and provides for an accurate modeling of a real world tree-type piping system. In a preferred embodiment, a computer program is provided for analyzing models of dry pipe systems. The computer program includes a user interface and a computational engine. The user interface allows a model of a dry pipe system to be defined and the computational engine determines a liquid flow time through the model of the dry pipe system. The computational engine provides a verification of the liquid flow time in a model of a referential dry pipe system within 20% of an actual liquid flow time in the referential dry pipe system.

Abstract: A computer-readable electronic services management system for a mobile communications network, comprising a distributed network of agents in the form of collaborative autonomous software agents wherein the agents are configured to represent and act on behalf of a user and to communicate with each other to manage, for the user, one or more electronic services (e.g. electronic messages, a purchase etc.) via the user's communications devices. Multiple types of agents include a primary personal agent, a primary creation agent for creating other agents and subordinate agents, and a primary destruction agent for destroying agents meeting pre-determined criteria based on a threshold value in relation to an agent value coefficient. Collaboration between agents is by a private user whiteboard facility whereby collaborating agents post to the whiteboard addressed electronic services, including service tasks to be performed for the user, and extract from the whiteboard electronic services addressed to them.

Abstract: An integrity management system predicts abnormalities in complex systems before they occur based upon the prior history of abnormalities within the complex system. A topology of the nodes of a complex system is generated and data is collected from the system based on predetermined metrics. In combination with dynamic thresholding, fingerprints of the relevant nodes within a complex system at various time intervals prior to the occurrence of the abnormality are captured and weighted. The fingerprints can then be applied to real-time data to provide alerts of potential abnormality prior to their actual occurrence.

Abstract: Embodiments of methods and systems are described that provide methods for quantifying an entity's reaction to one or more communication signals by quantifying a probabilistic relationship between the communication signal and a known relationship of an attribute to the communication signal. With this quantification, the entity's reaction can be modeled as probability distributions that can be compared to the communication signal and known relationship. With this information, an entity's reactions can be compared to an ideal algorithm that optimally integrates the known relationships and communication signals to arrive at an optimal reaction. By making this comparison between the entity's reaction and an optimal reaction, a quantitative calibration measure can be determined. The meaning of the communication signals, or relationships to an attribute, may or may not be known and in embodiments the quantification of reactions can provide an ability to estimate an unknown attribute from the communication signals.

Abstract: A flow rate measuring device has a flow rate measurement unit, an appliance registering unit, a calculating unit, a determining unit, a first appliance identifying unit, and a second appliance identifying unit. The appliance registering unit stores at least first gas flow rate variation profiles on activation of respective gas appliances coupled to a flow channel, and second gas flow rate variation profiles based on the control specific to the respective gas appliances. The first appliance identifying unit identifies which gas appliance is activated based on the first gas flow rate variation profiles on activation. When a determining unit detects a stop of any of gas appliances, the second appliance identifying unit identifies a gas appliance in continuous use by using the second gas flow rate variation profiles based on the control specific to the respective gas appliances.

Abstract: A method for discriminating particle groups comprises generating, by a particle analyzer, a particle characteristic distribution histogram in which the abscissa indicates respective channels for representing the characteristics of the particles, and the ordinate indicates the particle count; setting a valid area selection height in the particle characteristics distribution histogram; and generating an equivalent negative histogram based on the set height and the particle characteristic distribution histogram.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a method for identifying radio-nuclides includes receiving spectral data, extracting a feature set from the spectral data comparable to a plurality of templates in a template library, and using a branch and bound method to determine a probable template match based on the feature set and templates in the template library. In another embodiment, a device for identifying unknown radio-nuclides includes a processor, a multi-channel analyzer, and a memory operatively coupled to the processor, the memory having computer readable code stored thereon. The computer readable code is configured, when executed by the processor, to receive spectral data, to extract a feature set from the spectral data comparable to a plurality of templates in a template library, and to use a branch and bound method to determine a probable template match based on the feature set and templates in the template library.

Abstract: Provided are an apparatus for estimating a phase error and a phase error correcting system using the phase error estimating apparatus. The apparatus includes: a probability value estimating unit for estimating a negative log probability value for each transmission symbol by transforming a soft output information transferred from the outside to a log A posterior probability ratio (LAPPR) value; an APP value calculating unit for calculating a posterior probability (APP) value by applying a negative exponential function to the transmission symbol; an average value deciding unit for deciding an average value for each transmission symbol using the probability information entirely, partially, or selectively according to a probability information type; and a symbol phase estimating unit for estimating a phase of a symbol based on the decided average value.

Abstract: Determining health of a component includes using at least one processor to perform processes including mapping a plurality of condition indicator functions for condition indicator values into a health indicator function for the health indicator value, determining a probability distribution function for the health indicator function based on the probability distribution functions for the condition indicator functions, acquiring a plurality of measured values corresponding to the condition indicator values, removing synchronous noise components from the measured values to provide revised measured values, and using the revised measured values to determine condition indicator values. Removing synchronous noise components may includes determining a predicted value thereof using covariance and autocovariance of the measured values. The component may be a split torque gearbox.

Abstract: A method and a device for estimating a first value of a signal formed of a series of values corresponding either to the first value or to a second value equal to the opposite of the first value, where the signal can take values other than the first and second values due to noise.

Abstract: A system and a related method are disclosed for association of a user of an electronic system with a demographic. Input behavioral data is captured related to measured interactions with at least one input device. The input data is compared to probability distribution representations for a demographic group and for a wide population, performing the measured interaction(s). The system is configured to associate the user to a demographic group a prescribed threshold is met, based on the comparing.

Abstract: An embodiment of a medical imaging system is proposed. The system includes means for providing a sequence of recorded input images each one offering a digital representation at a corresponding instant of a body part being perfused with a contrast agent, each input image including a plurality of visualizing values each one representing a corresponding portion of the body part, and means for associating each sequence of corresponding sets in the input images of at least one visualizing value with a model function of time; the system further includes means for generating a sequence of computed images at further instants, each computed image including a plurality of further visualizing values each one being determined by an instantaneous function-value which is calculated from the associated model function at the corresponding further instant, and means for displaying the sequence of computed images.

Abstract: A system and method for determining a probability of the location of an illicit radiation source within an environment based on directional detectors. An embodiment includes a plurality of directional radiation detectors distributed about the environment and integrated with a processing unit adapted to determine the probability of the source location based on the radiation count data received from the plurality of detectors. The processing unit is further adapted to output information indicative of the location of the radiation source within the environment.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for computing a probability value of a received value in communication or storage systems. A probability value for a received value in a communication system or a memory device is computed by obtaining at least one received value; identifying a segment of a function corresponding to the received value, wherein the function is defined over a plurality of segments, wherein each of the segments has an associated set of parameters; and calculating the probability value using the set of parameters associated with the identified segment.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention disclose a system and a method for determining a pose of a probe relative to an object by probing the object with the probe, comprising steps of: determining a probability of the pose using Rao-Blackwellized particle filtering, wherein a probability of a location of the pose is represented by a location of each particle, and a probability of an orientation of the pose is represented by a Gaussian distribution over orientation of each particle conditioned on the location of the particle, wherein the determining is performed for each subsequent probing until the probability of the pose concentrates around a particular pose; and estimating the pose of the probe relative to the object based on the particular pose.

Abstract: A method and system for energy management in a power system. Target performance standards are calculated and used to measure performance and to comply with regulatory performance standards. The target performance standards are based on probability theory and are used to control power generation. The amount of corrective power necessary is based on the calculated target performance standards and the deviations of current performance values from the target standards.

Abstract: In a magnetic data processing device, an input part sequentially receives magnetic data qi output from a magnetic sensor. A storage part sequentially stores the magnetic data received through the input part. An offset derivation part derives an offset according to a probabilistic method using a plurality of the magnetic data stored in the storage part as a statistical population. The offset derivation part assumes that an error ?pi contained in each of the magnetic data qi is a random variable vi following a probability distribution ?, and uses an expected value corresponding to the probability distribution ? for deriving the offset. Specifically, the offset derivation part calculates an index representing variance of distances from the offset to respective ones of true magnetic data that are obtained by subtracting each ?pi from each magnetic data qi of the statistical population, and derives the offset which minimizes the expected value of the calculated index.

Abstract: A method and system for determining whether a given electromagnetic frequency is in use includes applying a transformation to an amplitude of received samples, adjusting the transformed samples by a constant based on a minimum detection signal-to-noise ratio; combining the adjusted samples to produce a test statistic; and using a processor to make a determination regarding if the frequency is in use based on the test statistic exceeded or falling below a threshold, said test statistic being based on ?q=?i=1q×L(|ri|2??), where q is the block index, ri is the ith received sample, and ? is the constant.

Abstract: Disclosed are embodiments of a method for randomly personalizing chips during fabrication, a personalized chip structure and a design structure for such a personalized chip structure. The embodiments use electronic device design and manufacturing processes to randomly or pseudo-randomly create a specific variation in one or more instances of a particular electronic device formed on each chip. The device design and manufacturing processes are tuned so that the specific variation occurs with some predetermined probability, resulting in a desired hardware distribution and personalizing each chip. The resulting personalized chips can be used for modal distribution of chips. For example, chips can be personalized to allow sorting when a single chip design can be used to support multiple applications. The resulting personalized chips can also be used for random number generation for creating unique on-chip identifiers, private keys, etc.

Abstract: Computer-implemented systems and methods for processing time series data that is indicative of a data generation activity occurring over a period of time. A model specification hierarchical data structure is used for storing characteristics that define a time series model. A fitted model hierarchical data structure stores characteristics that define a fitted time series model. The characteristics of the fitted time series model are defined through an application of the time series model to the time series data.

Abstract: Disclosed are embodiments of a method and an associated computer program product for finding the statistical bounds, the corresponding parameter corners and the probability density function of one or more performance targets for a circuit without requiring Monte Carlo simulation runs. To accomplish this, a joint probability density function for independent parameters that affect the performance target can be constructed. Then, based on the joint probability density function, the statistical bounds of the performance target can be found by constructing an equal-probability-density surface of the joint probability density function and solving a constrained optimization problem on that equal-probability-density surface. Once the statistical bounds are determined, the corresponding parameter corners for the performance target can also be determined.

Abstract: A system computes occupancy estimates based on one or more inputs, including sensor data from one or more sensor devices, constraints on allowable occupancy levels, and one or more utility functions. An occupancy estimator organizes the sensor data, the utility functions and an occupancy estimate into an objective function and executes a constrained optimization algorithm that computes the occupancy estimate, subject to the constraints, such that the objective function is minimized. The computed occupancy estimate is provided as an output by the system to one or more control and/or monitoring systems.

Abstract: Computer-implemented systems and methods for processing time series data that is indicative of a data generation activity occurring over a period of time. A model specification hierarchical data structure is used for storing characteristics that define a time series model. A fitted model hierarchical data structure stores characteristics that define a fitted time series model. The characteristics of the fitted time series model are defined through an application of the time series model to the time series data.

Abstract: Computer-implemented systems and methods to process time-series data. As an example, a system and method can use a first data store to store time series data, and a second data store to store definitions of events. A dummy variable is generated when data from an event's definition is applied to time series data.

Abstract: Systems and methods are used to predict intensities of a saturated peak using a peak predictor. A set of data is selected from the plurality of intensity measurements that includes a saturated peak. Confidence values are assigned to each data point in the set of data producing a plurality of confidence value weighted data points. A peak predictor is selected. The peak predictor is applied to the plurality of confidence value weighted data points of the saturated peak producing predicted intensities for the saturated peak. The confidence values can include system confidence values, predictor confidence values, or a combination of system confidence values and predictor confidence values. The peak predictor can be a theoretical model, a dynamic model, an artificial neural network, or an analytical function representing a best fit of a plurality of probability density functions to a first set of measured data that includes a representative non-saturated peak.

Abstract: Provided is a deterministic component model determining apparatus that determines a type of a deterministic component included in a probability density function supplied thereto, comprising a standard deviation calculating section that calculates a standard deviation of the probability density function; a spectrum calculating section that calculates a spectrum of the probability density function; a null frequency detecting section that detects a null frequency of the spectrum; a theoretical value calculating section that calculates a theoretical value of a spectrum for each of a plurality of predetermined types of deterministic components, based on the null frequency; a measured value calculating section that calculates a measured value of the spectrum for the deterministic component included in the probability density function, based on the standard deviation and the spectrum; and a model determining section that determines the type of the deterministic component included in the probability density function

Abstract: The present disclosure is concerned with the identification of fault origins of slowly degrading systems such as industrial gas turbines. Following the initial input of some parameter values, exemplary procedure comprises a number of steps which are repeated periodically during the operation of the gas turbine. First, for each potential fault such as e.g. a contamination of compressor blades, erosion of turbine blades or corrosion of machine parts, a pre-symptom fault probability, characteristic of the specific gas turbine considered, and a symptom-conditional fault probability are calculated. In a second step, on-line data from the monitoring devices are loaded in order to update information about symptoms such as e.g. reductions in polytropic efficiency and in flow capacity, changes in vibration spectrum, or other machine condition indicators, and a post-symptom fault probability is calculated.

Abstract: A system and method for monitoring underground drilling in which vibration is monitored by creating a model of the drill string using finite element techniques or finite difference techniques and (i) predicting vibration by inputting real time values of operating parameters into the model, and then adjusting the model to agree with measured vibration data, (ii) predicting the weight on bit and drill string and mud motor speeds at which resonance will occur, as well as when stick-slip will occur, so that the operator can avoid operating regimes that will result in high vibration, (iii) determining vibration and torque levels along the length of the drill string based on the measured vibration and torque at one or more locations, (iv) determining the remaining life of critical components of the drill string based on the history of the vibration to which the components have been subjected, and (v) determining the optimum drilling parameters that will avoid excessive vibration of the drill string.

Abstract: A method of finding a cluster in a data stream includes updating statistical distribution information of a grid-cell corresponding to a currently generated data element, statistical distribution information on previously generated data elements being managed using grid-cells, which are partitioned within the range of a data space and have statistical distribution information of data elements within the range; comparing the occurrence frequency of the data element in the grid-cell according to the update result with a predefined partitioning threshold, partitioning the grid-cell into a plurality of grid-cells according to the comparison result, and estimating statistical distribution information of the partitioned grid-cells; recursively performing the updating or comparing step until the grid-cell becomes a unit grid-cell; and comparing the occurrence frequency of a data element in the unit grid-cell with a predefined minimum support and defining a set of unit grid-cells as a cluster according to the comparis

Abstract: Event prediction in dynamic environments is described. In an embodiment a prediction engine may use the learnt information to predict events in order to control a system such as for internet advertising, email filtering, fraud detection or other applications. In an example one or more variables exists for pre-specified features describing or associated with events and each variable is considered to have an associated weight and time stamp. For example, belief about each weight is represented using a probability distribution and a dynamics process is used to modify the probability distribution in a manner dependent on the time stamp for that weight. For example, the uncertainty about the associated variable's influence on prediction of future events is increased. Examples of different schedules for applying the dynamics process are given.

Abstract: A method is provided for determining a rating of a likelihood of a victim system receiving malicious traffic from an attacker system at a point in time. The method comprises: generating a first forecast from a time series model based on past history of attacks by the attacker system; generating a second forecast from a victim neighborhood model based on similarity between the victim system and peer victim systems; generating a third forecast from a joint attacker-victim neighborhood model based on correlation between a group of attacker systems including the attacker system and a group of victim systems including the victim system; and determining the rating of the likelihood of the victim system receiving malicious traffic from the attacker system at the point in time based on the first forecast, the second forecast, and the third forecast.

Abstract: A technique includes receiving seismic data indicative of measurements acquired by seismic sensors. The measurements are associated with a measurement noise. The technique includes estimating at least one characteristic of the measurement noise and deghosting the seismic data based at least in part on the estimated characteristic(s) of the measurement noise.

Abstract: An error assessment method for a test stimulus signal of an analog to digital converter is disclosed. The method provides random uniform-distribution test signals for an analog to digital converter (ADC), derives the piecewise linearity relationship between the input signals and the output signals of the ADC and thus develops an error assessment method for a test stimulus signal of the ADC. The method is able to reduce the computational complexity but still accurate and effective, and thereby provides correct information of the test stimulus signals for testing the ADC to improve its correctness.

Abstract: A system and method for selecting targeted information (e.g., advertisements) for serving with map views. The information is associated with target geographical areas (e.g., cities, metropolises, regions, countries) identified by the information providers. A given message or other set of information may be served with map views that significantly intersect the message's target area. A target area significantly intersects a map view if it overlaps the map view by at least a threshold percentage of the map view (e.g., 25%). Messages' target areas may first be compared with a map view to identify those that significantly intersect. Then, the messages whose target areas significantly intersect the map view may be filtered or screened based on any search terms or key words received with a request for the map view.

Abstract: In random defect yield simulation, a specific defect size interacts with a specific physical design and has a calculated probability of failure associated with it. The failure model is in terms of probability of failure. It provides a solution to the random defect yield simulation problem of chips with a built-in redundancy scheme. The solution first defines the independent failure modes of the chip with a built-in redundancy scheme and efficiently models each mode. Then, it may accumulate the respective probability of failures according to the chip's architecture.

Abstract: In particular embodiments, fusing multi-sensor data sets includes receiving a first sensor data set and a second sensor data set generated in response to sensing a structure. The sensor data sets describe structural features of the structure. First delta vector sets are generated for the first sensor data set, and second delta vector sets are generated for the second sensor data set. Each delta vector set comprises delta vectors indicating relative geometrical relationships between a structural feature and other structural features. Association scores are determined for delta pairs comprising a first delta vector set and a second delta vector set. Same feature delta pairs are identified according to the association scores. A same feature delta vector set comprises a delta pair corresponding to the same structural feature.

Abstract: An incontinence management system for monitoring wetness in one or more absorbent articles, includes input for receiving one or more sensor signals indicative of a presence of wetness in an absorbent article, processor for processing the one or more sensor signals and for performing an analysis of the signals to characterise wetness events occurring in an absorbent article and user interface for communicating with a user of the system. A mathematical model is used to characterise wetness events, receiving as inputs variables derived from sensor signals and optionally, patient and demographic data. The mathematical model can be configured and/or re-configured utilising observation data obtained while monitoring a patient for wetness. A diaper for use with such as system is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for predicting failures in crystalline microstructures is described. Fracture stress distribution data obtained from test samples prepared according to the same manufacturing process as a contemplated device is used to characterize the strength of surfaces in a numerical stress analysis of the device. The reliability is then calculated for surface nodes on the device. The product of all such reliabilities yields the overall reliability (or 1—the overall failure probability) of the device.

Abstract: Disclosed are method and apparatus for registering multiple sensors collecting data from multiple objects. Sensor registration is decomposed into a two-step procedure. The first step corrects systematic errors. The second step assigns objects measured by one sensor to objects measured by a second sensor. Systematic errors are corrected by generating the global minimum of a systematic error function. One embodiment for generating the global minimum uses a Continuous Greedy Randomized Adaptive Search Procedure.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for production planning in which changing demands and current demands are combined and separated into fixed demands, time-flexible demands, and quantity-flexible demands before being prioritized according to a set of rules that optimize efficient handling of changing demands while minimizing changes in and maximizing flexibility of a production schedule.

Abstract: A method and system for of fusing the outputs of multiple sensors. The output of each sensor including a sensor class probability vector based on each sensor's classification database is input to a fusion engine which estimates a base class probability vector based on the sensor class probabilities output by the sensors and a preconfigured base database including base classes.

Abstract: A baseline technique allows reducing the number of threshold violation predictions that need to be generated in a performance monitoring system. One or more baselines may be calculated based on long-term trends in a monitored metric. If the metric is within the baseline, then predictions regarding short-term trends in the metric may be omitted. If the metric is outside the baseline, then short-term trends may be analyzed to predict possible threshold violations.