Abstract: Disclosed is a method for determining a starting amount of a first substance which is required for providing a predeterminable number of samples in a liquid handling process. Also disclosed is a corresponding computer program and a corresponding computer program product. The liquid handling process is described through at least one work step, taking into account at least one secondary condition. An estimated value for the starting amount of the first substance is determined. A simulation of the at least one work step is then performed. A new estimated value for the starting amount is determined and the simulation is repeated if the prior simulation could not be completed or an actual value ascertained in the simulation deviates from the estimated value by more than a predeterminable tolerance. Otherwise, the actual value ascertained on the basis of the simulation is the starting amount of the first substance.

Abstract: A system and a method are provided for calculating the cetane number, pour point, cloud point, aniline point, and/or octane number of a crude oil and its fractions from the density and gel permeation chromatography data of a sample of the crude oil.

Abstract: An imaging mass spectrometer includes: a storage configured to acquire and store data constituting a first imaging graphic indicating an ion intensity distribution in a specific one or plurality of m/z or m/z ranges based on data obtained by mass spectrometry for a sample; a Raman imaging data acquisition unit configured to acquire and store data constituting one or plurality of second imaging graphics obtained by Raman analysis that is a type different from mass spectrometry for the sample; a signal intensity normalization processor configured to perform data conversion processing of normalizing signal intensity in one or plurality of first and second imaging graphics; an adjustment processor configured to perform data processing of aligning spatial resolutions of the one or plurality of first and second imaging graphics; and a statistical analysis processor configured to execute statistical analysis processing on images and to classify the first and second imaging graphics.

Abstract: In a device for processing imaging-analysis data, two kinds of imaging-analysis data are stored in a storage section 21: (a) first imaging-analysis data, in which measurement data of a target substance, acquired by performing a first predetermined analysis at each of a plurality of measurement points within an analysis target area of a sample S, is associated with spatial position information of the measurement point, and (b) second imaging-analysis data, in which measurement data of a reference substance, acquired by performing a second predetermined analysis at each of the measurement points, is associated with spatial position information of the measurement point. A normalization executer 28 normalizes the measurement data of the target substance at each measurement point, based on the measurement data of the reference substance acquired at the same measurement point.

Abstract: The present invention provides a chemical sensor that can be manufactured at low cost and has high detection sensitivity.

Abstract: Subject of the present invention is a method for assessing a risk for getting a first cardiovascular event or assessing the risk for cardiovascular mortality in a subject, comprising: a) determining the level and/or the amount of Selenoprotein P and/or fragments thereof in a sample of said subject; b) correlating the determined level and/or the amount of Selenoprotein P and/or fragments thereof with the risk for getting a first cardiovascular event or assessing the risk for cardiovascular mortality in said subject.

Abstract: Methods for receiving a request to process, on a hardware circuit, a neural network comprising a first convolutional neural network layer having a stride greater than one, and in response, generating instructions that cause the hardware circuit to, during processing of an input tensor, generate a layer output tensor equivalent to an output of the first convolutional neural network layer by processing the input tensor using a second convolutional neural network layer having a stride equal to one but that is otherwise equivalent to the first convolutional neural network layer to generate a first tensor, zeroing out elements of the first tensor that would not have been generated if the second convolutional neural network layer had the stride of the first convolutional neural network layer to generate a second tensor, and performing max pooling on the second tensor to generate the layer output tensor.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed to downscale the resolution of a coarse-resolution soil moisture data. Coarse-resolution soil moisture data may include data cells that each represent a geographic region having at least one dimension greater than or equal to 1 km. A plurality of fine-resolution supplemental soil moisture data may be received that includes at least one of soil data, vegetation data, topography data, and climate data. The fine-resolution supplemental soil moisture data comprising data cells that each represent a geographic region having at least one dimension less than or equal to 100 meters. The coarse-resolution soil moisture data may be downscaled to fine-resolution soil moisture data using the plurality of fine-resolution supplemental soil moisture data, the fine-resolution soil moisture data comprising data cells that each represent a geographic region having at least one dimension less than 100 meters.

Abstract: Systems and methods for processing sensor data and end of life detection are provided. In some embodiments, a method for determining the end of life of a continuous analyte sensor includes receiving a sensor signal from an analyte sensor. A plurality of risk factors associated with end of life symptoms of analyte sensors is evaluated. The risk factors include a downward drift in sensor sensitivity over time, an amount of non-symmetrical, nonstationary noise and a duration of noise. An end of life status of the analyte sensor is determined based at least in part on the evaluating. An output related to the end of life status of the analyte sensor is provided.

Abstract: A matrix-derived peak information acquisition unit (31) creates a peak list that summarizes various ions derived from a matrix and their theoretical m/z values based on a result of analysis of a sample of only a matrix, and stores the peak list in a matrix-derived peak information storage unit (32). When an actually-measured mass spectrum of a target sample is obtained, a mass calibration reference peak detection unit (33) uses a peak list corresponding to a matrix used for analysis to identify an ion peak derived from a matrix appearing in the actually-measured mass spectrum. A mass calibration information calculation unit (35) obtains mass calibration information from an actually-measured m/z value and a theoretical m/z value of the identified peak, and a mass calibration processing unit (37) uses the mass calibration information to correct an m/z value of a peak derived from a target compound on the actually-measured mass spectrum.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method to evaluate mass spectrometry data for the analysis of peptides from biological samples, particularly MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry data, comprising the steps of: providing expected mass defects; determining measured mass defects, i.e. the mass defects resulting from the mass spectrometry data; and comparing the measured mass defects with the expected mass defects.

Abstract: Spectra matching is widely used in various applications including the search for a spectrum of an unknown or subject material, chemical, or compound in an existing spectral database and quality control by means of comparing the spectra of products with standards. New systems and methods are described for identifying an unknown compound by calculating the similarities of Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of organic compounds. The systems and methods incrementally calculate the spectral similarity based on the local spectral shapes. This reduces the bias caused by uneven weighing of large or broader peaks. In addition, the new systems and methods tolerant to the common issues in spectra matching including baseline offset, baseline sloping, and deviations in wavenumber axis alignment, suggesting its robustness and practical applicability.

Abstract: Embodiments herein include a kinetic response system for measuring analyte presence on a chemical sensor element. The chemical sensor element includes one or more discrete binding detectors, each discrete binding detector including a graphene varactor. The kinetic response system includes a measurement circuit having an excitation voltage generator for generating a series of excitation cycles over a time period. Each excitation cycle includes delivering a DC bias voltage to the discrete binding detectors at multiple discrete DC bias voltages across a range of DC bias voltages. The kinetic response system includes a capacitance sensor to measure capacitance of the discrete binding detectors resulting from the excitation cycles. The kinetic response system includes a controller circuit to determine the kinetics of change in at least one of a measured capacitance value and a calculated value based on the measured capacitance over the time period. Other embodiments are also included herein.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for calibrating radioactive sources are described. An array of scintillation detectors form a receptacle within which a sample or sample container can be retained by a holder. The scintillation detectors are coupled via light transducers such as photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) to independent electronic counters. Coincidence processing of time-tagged events yields a correlated event rate. One or more corrections can be applied as needed, for background counts, deadtime, or random coincidences. Voltage tuning of PMTs yields improved reproducibility. Variations are disclosed. 1% accuracy has been demonstrated over a range of 10 kBq-3 MBq, covering a gap in the capabilities of conventional technology.

Abstract: Systems and methods for measuring gas flux are provided. The method includes obtaining one or more of wind speed data, gas content data, temperature data and humidity data over a period of time, computing a plurality of different gas flux values for said period of time using a corresponding plurality of different flux calculation algorithms, wherein each of the plurality of different flux calculation algorithms uses one, some or all of the measured data types to calculate gas flux values for one or a plurality of sub-periods of said period of time, and for each of the one or the plurality of sub-periods, determining an optimal flux calculation algorithm of the plurality of different flux calculation algorithms based on one or more quality indicators; and outputting, for each of the plurality of sub-periods, one or more optimal flux calculation values corresponding to the optimal flux calculation algorithm for the sub-period.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention comprise methods and systems for optimizing coagulant dosing of raw water in a water treatment process. First, the embodiments determine the optimum dosage of pH adjusting chemicals to be added to the raw water based on a measurement of dissolved organic content, alkalinity, and pH of the raw water. Then, the embodiments perform a flocculation test of a mixture of the optimally-pH-dosed raw water and a hydrolyzing metal salt (HMS) wherein the dosage of the HMS salt in the mixture can be calculated based on a measurement of the charge demand of the optimally-pH-dosed raw water. The results of this flocculation test are compared to the results of at least one previous test of a combination of optimally-pH-dosed raw water and HMS to determine if the hydrolyzing metal salt dose is optimized.

Abstract: Provided is a system for a spraying booth, including a spraying booth and at least one filter with at least one VOC detector, the system further including a central database where at least data of the VOC detector are stored, whereby is achieved that the value of the measurements can be accessed and controlled centrally, either by the customer's own technicians or by the supplier's technicians, by a communication unit.

Abstract: A method of controlling the operation of an ion mobility separation device is disclosed. The method comprises displaying to a user via a user interface a pool of modes of operation of the ion mobility separation device, wherein each one of the modes is selectable by the user for inclusion in an experiment, and the modes are displayed in a first area 202 of the user interface. The method comprises receiving, via the user interface, an indication from the user of a selection of one or more instance of each one of a plurality of the modes from the pool to be included in an experiment, and an indication from the user of a set of one or more parameters for controlling the ion mobility separation device in respect of one or more selected instances of a mode. The selected instances of modes are displayed in a sequence in a second area 204 of the user interface. The operation of the ion mobility separation device is controlled in accordance with the received indications.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for measuring aromatic contents in a hydrocarbon solution. More specifically, it relates to a measurement method capable of quickly and accurately checking aromatic contents in a compound, particularly in a hydrocarbon, in a solution state without a high-temperature drying process.

Abstract: A method and apparatus detects an unknown deposit in soil of a known mineral or gemstone using characteristic scents of the mineral or gemstone. The method may disturb the soil, for example, by causing a chemical reaction in at least part of the soil such that a mineral or gemstone present in the soil emits a characteristic scent. The unknown deposit of the known mineral or gemstone can be detected in real-time or near real-time in the field.

Abstract: In an imaging mass spectrometer for analyzing the same kind of samples using results of imaging mass spectrometric analysis performed on those samples, a measurement section (1) acquires mass spectrometric data by performing an analysis on each of the micro areas on a sample. A region-of-interest setter (32) sets an ROI on each sample, and divides each ROI into the same number of subregions each including the micro areas so that the subregions correspond to each other on the samples respectively covering roughly identical sites on the samples. An individual-index-value calculator (33) calculates an individual index value for each subregion, using mass spectrometric data acquired at the micro areas in the subregion, the individual index value reflecting a similarity or difference among the samples in terms of a degree of expression of each m/z value.

Abstract: The device recording the collisions of flying animals with wind turbines and indicating where they fell on the ground includes at least two sensors arranged on at least two different heights of the wind turbine tower. The sensors have a range optimally in a direction perpendicular to the wind turbine tower and are connected with the control and recording unit by wire or wireless data transmission.

Abstract: A method of determining mass defect plots with user-defined mass scaling, filtering, and labeling in a mass spectrometer is described. An implementation of the method comprises, (i) generating a mass defect plot from the data, (ii) filtering all ions in the mass defect plot that do not have an associated isotopologue ion, (iii) selecting an unidentified ion, (iv) determining an isotope pattern of the unidentified ion, (v) identifying one or more elements indicated by the isotope pattern for the unidentified ion; (vi) searching formulas containing one or more elements indicated by the isotope pattern for the unidentified ion, (vii) determining a chemical formula of the identified ion, and (viii) displaying the chemical formulas for the unidentified ion on a screen.

Abstract: Provided is a method for providing a reward based on consumption of content performed by a computing device. The method comprises querying a user terminal located in a first space by using location information of a first space, measuring the number of users located in the first space according to the number of the queried user terminals and a first content playback record and calculating a first reward for the first content by using the measured number of users and the first content playback record, and providing the first reward to an account of a producer linked to a producer terminal of the first content.

Abstract: A method for controlling an exhaust aftertreatment system for vehicles includes: determining, by a controller, whether or not a designated regeneration operation is finished; accumulating, by the controller, a first amount of NOx emission measured by a rear end NOx sensor of an selective catalytic reduction (SCR) apparatus and a second amount of NOx emission calculated by an NOx emission amount model respectively for a first reference period of time immediately after the regeneration operation is finished; determining, by the controller, whether or not a difference between an accumulated value of the first amount of NOx emission and an accumulated value of the second amount of NOx emission exceeds a reference value when the first reference period of time has elapsed; and correcting, by the controller, a model purification efficiency using a sensor purification efficiency when the difference between the accumulated values exceeds the reference value.

Abstract: A method of use encompassing coded sampling containers that may be implemented in two phases, the results of which may be further processed to arrive at a final score. The first phase incorporates four sampling containers in the context of a series of triangle tests to arrive at a first subscore. The second phase uses two of the coded containers and requires the participants to assess the degree to which the contents of the containers reflect a particular characteristic on a scale. The responses of each participant may be scored by summing the differences between the actual answers and the correct answers to arrive as a second subscore. A final score may be calculated by subtracting the first subscore from the second subscore.

Abstract: A data processing device that processes three-dimensional data having time, intensity, and wavelength collected from a sample serving as a measurement target includes: a chromatogram generator configured to generate a chromatogram from the three-dimensional data; a target peak determiner configured to determine a target peak from peaks appearing on the chromatogram; a time point specifier configured to specify a time point at which the size of a spectrum matches the size of a reference spectrum from a time range during which the target peak appears in the three-dimensional data; and a target spectrum generator configured to extract data at the time point from the three-dimensional data, thereby generating a spectrum at the time point. With this configuration, a spectrum that is not affected by distortion, saturation, or noise can be readily and reliably obtained from the three-dimensional data obtained through sample analysis.

Abstract: A system and method for verifying a mechanical system chip detection capability, the method including determining a slurry injection location in machinery according to a targeted obstruction in the machinery in relation to a target chip detector of the machinery, placing an injection tube through a machinery casing of the machinery, providing a slurry tube connected to the injection tube, the slurry tube containing a slurry comprising conductive chips and a lubricant, operating the machinery until the machinery meets one or more predetermined operating parameters, injecting the slurry into the machinery casing during operation of the machinery and after the machinery meets the one or more predetermined operating parameters, and monitoring the target chip detector for detection of the conductive chips during the operation of the machinery.

Abstract: An automatic analyzer allows identification of the patient specimen for which the specific reagent and the standard solution have been used, and verification of reliability of the analysis results. A plot mark 1-10 is determined depending on whether or not codes and lots as management information of the reagent, standard solution, and accuracy control sample are the same as those used last time. The plot 1-3 represents the start of using the reagent, and 1-4 the reagent use area. The plot 1-5 represents generation of calibration curve data from the standard solution and 1-6 a standard solution use area. The plot 1-7 represents measurement of the accuracy control sample and 1-8 an accuracy control sample use area from a time point of measuring the accuracy control sample as indicated by the plot 1-7 until the next time point. The measurement information 1-14 is the region for displaying the measurement results.

Abstract: Systems and methods for training models across multiple sensing units in a chemical sensing system are described. The chemical sensing system comprises at least one computer processor and at least one computer readable medium including instructions that, when executed by the at least one computer processor, cause the chemical sensing system to perform a training process. The training process comprises accessing a training dataset including first values representing first signals output from a first chemical sensing unit of multiple chemical sensing units, and second values representing second signals output from a second chemical sensing unit of the multiple chemical sensing units, and training a set of models to relate the first values and the second values to a mutual latent representation using the training dataset.

Abstract: In one aspect, a method for detecting the labelling state of unknown species of molecules M contained in a sample exposed to a non-changing isotope labelling process using mass spectrometry is described.

Abstract: A computer platform implements a precision agriculture system that predicts output conditions, such as diseases, salt damage, soil problems, water leaks and generic anomalies, for orchards under analysis. The computer platform stores site and crop datasets and processed satellite image for the orchards. An orchard data learned model predicts a propensity for existence of output conditions associated with the permanent crops based on the data values for the variables of the site and crop datasets. Also, a satellite model predicts a propensity for existence of the output conditions at the orchard based on processed satellite images. A precision agriculture management model is disclosed that integrates the orchard data learned model with the satellite model to accurately predict the output conditions.

Abstract: A review image is displayed prior to measurement of an analysis target sample. The review image includes a waveform image and a numerical value image showing a measurement condition determined for a measurement segment of interest. The waveform image includes a waveform portion which is a part of a chromatogram, and a marker array showing a period of a circulating ion measurement. The marker array includes a plurality of markers which are displayed in an overlapping manner over the waveform portion.

Abstract: A temperature estimation method estimating a temperature of a heat generating site in an oil-immersed electric appliance immersed in insulating oil, the insulating oil being silicone oil or ester oil. The temperature estimation method includes measuring concentrations of two types of thermal decomposition products in the insulating oil and calculating a temperature of the heat generating site in the oil-immersed electric appliance based on a concentration ratio between the two types of thermal decomposition products and a relational expression between the temperature of the heat generating site and the concentration ratio prepared in advance. When the silicone oil is adopted as the insulating oil, at least one of the two types of thermal decomposition products is straight-chain siloxane, alcohol containing silicon, or benzene. When the ester oil is adopted as the insulating oil, the two types of thermal decomposition products are fatty acids.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus for and a method of mass analysis in which a presence of an accessory substance which is difficult to be analyzed can be recognized visually and clearly. The apparatus for mass analysis analyzes a sample containing a substance to be measured and includes: a display unit; a memory unit storing a theoretical peak obtained by calculation with respect to a region of a mass spectrum of the substance; a matching degree calculation unit calculating a matching degree from multiple peaks that each of the mass spectrum of the sample in the region and the theoretical peak have; a matching degree displaying control unit displaying the matching degree on the display unit; and a superimposition displaying control unit displaying the mass spectrum of the sample and the theoretical peak in a superimposed way in a manner that is consistent with a mass-to-charge ratio.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a coupling evaluation geophone, comprising piezoelectric ceramic crystal 1, 2 and 3, a geophone 4 and a relevant supplying circuit. Three piezoelectric ceramic crystals 1, 2 and 3 are respectively provided on the top and two lateral sides of the geophone 4. By processing measurement data derived from the coupling evaluation geophone, a ground-geophone coupling effect is obtained at a corresponding embedment point of the coupling evaluation geophone. An effect of the ground-geophone coupling on an earthquake data can be eliminated by calculation. Data detected by the coupling evaluation geophone is improved in fidelity, Signal/Noise ratio and resolution.

Abstract: Methods and systems for locating a chemical source include cross-correlating chemical concentration data from pairs of positions using a processor to determine an average velocity vector for a group of positions that averages away turbulence contributions. A convergence region is determined based on multiple average velocity vectors to determine a chemical source location.

Abstract: Methods, systems, apparatuses, and/or computer programs. Mass spectrometer test data (e.g. a blood sample of a medical patient) may be associated with metadata information. The associated metadata information may be associated with the medical patient. A subset of a sample reference library may be based on the associated metadata information. The sample reference library may include a plurality of sets of mass spectrometer reference data, in accordance with embodiments. Embodiments match the mass spectrometer test data with mass spectrometer reference data of the selected subset of the sample reference library. Embodiments determine characteristic information of a source of the mass spectrometer test data (e.g. the medical patient) based on the known characteristics of the matched mass spectrometer reference data.

Abstract: Techniques and apparatus for analyzing mass spectrometry data are described. In one embodiment, for example, an apparatus may include logic to access a product ion data set generated via mass analyzing a sample comprising a target precursor, access precursor composition information for elements of the target precursor that includes nominal mass and mass defect information, determine nominal mass (NM)-mass defect (MD) relationship information for ion fragments associated with the target precursor based on the precursor composition information, determine one or more fragment upper boundaries and one or more fragment lower boundaries, extract candidate ion fragments from the ion fragments via applying the one or more fragment upper boundaries and the one or more fragment lower boundaries to the NM-MD relationship information, and determine target ion fragments from the plurality of candidate ion fragments based on fragmentation efficiency information associated with the candidate ion fragments.

Abstract: A chromatogram data processing system having an impurity detector including a differential chromatogram creator, a purity curve creator and a determiner. The differential chromatogram creator calculates a differential coefficient of an absorbance spectrum with respect to wavelength at a local maximum or local minimum absorption wavelength of the target component, and creates a differential chromatogram which shows a temporal change of the differential coefficient. The purity curve creator creates a purity curve which shows a temporal change of the difference between the degree of similarity of a spectrum on the target peak to a reference spectrum and a threshold of the degree of similarity which is determined taking into account the influence of noise components. The differential chromatogram and the purity curve are displayed on a display unit in a superposed form on a wavelength chromatogram created by a wavelength chromatogram creator.

Abstract: Sequential identification numbers are automatically provided and undisplayed, constant, unique numbers are assigned to each event registered in an analysis condition setting table 100. Since correspondence information between the identification numbers and the unique numbers changes due to the reassignment of identification numbers when an event is deleted from the table, event identification numbers for each compound are changed by referring to the correspondence information on a compound information table. As a result, it is possible to avoid the misalignment of event identification numbers between both tables. In addition, when an instruction is given to coordinate the time information or m/z information on both tables, the information on one table is reflected on the other table in accordance with the identification numbers.

Abstract: As soon as a set of data is acquired by a mass spectrometric analysis, an accumulated value of the signal intensity on the mass spectrum is calculated for each m/z segment obtained by dividing the entire m/z range covered by the measurement by a predetermined m/z width. Only the m/z segments with accumulated signal-intensity values equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold are selected as the target for an MS/MS analysis. MS/MS analysis is performed for each selected m/z segment, using ions whose m/z values fall within the m/z segment as precursor ions. A measurement cycle which includes mass spectrometric analysis performed one time and MS/MS analysis performed one or more times is repeated. After that, ions originating from the same component are selected based on the retention time of a peak in an extracted ion chromatogram created for each product ion, and the component is identified.

Abstract: Methods for receiving a request to process, on a hardware circuit, a neural network comprising a first convolutional neural network layer having a stride greater than one, and in response, generating instructions that cause the hardware circuit to, during processing of an input tensor, generate a layer output tensor equivalent to an output of the first convolutional neural network layer by processing the input tensor using a second convolutional neural network layer having a stride equal to one but that is otherwise equivalent to the first convolutional neural network layer to generate a first tensor, zeroing out elements of the first tensor that would not have been generated if the second convolutional neural network layer had the stride of the first convolutional neural network layer to generate a second tensor, and performing max pooling on the second tensor to generate the layer output tensor.

Abstract: A system and method, using one or more dimensions, that assesses the veracity of a diagnosis presently in a health care record is disclosed. The system assesses the veracity of a diagnosis based on a set of dimension values and a set of weightings. The system also provides a user interface to health care providers/caregivers to review the assessment made by the system and may include a feedback mechanism so that the system may adjust the weighting of the dimensions and improve the assessment of the diagnosis made by the system.

Abstract: Systems, methods and devices are taught for providing analytical methods for peak-shaped responses separated in time or space, including quantitation of chromatographic peaks based on a width measurement of a peak trace at a selected height as a quantitation element. Methods of treating a peak trace as a composition of exponential functions representing a leading and a trailing end are included. Methods that facilitate the detection of impurities in peak trace outputs are also included.

Abstract: A system for optimizing a patient's basal insulin dosage regimen over time, adapted to determine from blood glucose values whether and by how much to vary a patient's present recommended amount of the insulin-containing drug in order to maintain the patient's future blood glucose level measurements within a predefined range, and wherein a given blood glucose value is disregarded if no patient-actuated operation being indicative of the administration of a dose of an insulin containing drug has been detected in a pre-defined amount of time prior to the determination of the given blood glucose value.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a high pressure fluidized bed system using dual control valves, and an inner pressure control method thereof. The high pressure fluidized bed system includes a fluidized bed reactor, a pressure sensor which measures a pressure in the interior of the fluidized bed reactor, a cyclone part which is coupled to the fluidized bed reactor, a first valve allowing controlling of the exhaust gas, and a second valve allowing manually controlling of exhaust gas except for the exhaust gas controlled by the first valve. The first valve is capable of opening and closing automatically, and the second valve is capable of opening and closing manually, and are used in combination in the high pressure fluidized bed, allowing decreasing of the pressure variation within the reactor and improving the operation stability of the reactor.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for combining colorants using a camera. The method of combining colorants using a camera includes extracting color data from an image of an object captured using a camera, converting the color data into spectral reflection factor data of the object on the basis of a pre-constructed camera color model, acquiring spectral reflection factor data for an estimated colorant combination obtained by simulating a combination of colorant samples obtained from a colorant database, and selecting an optimal colorant combination by comparing errors between the spectral reflection factor data of the object and the spectral reflection factor data for the estimated colorant combination. Therefore, it is possible to use a highly accessible and inexpensive camera, such as a smartphone camera, and thus an ordinary user can easily find an optimal colorant combination.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for determining the origin of a mixture of constituents by spectral analysis. The invention especially relates to a method for determining the concentration and origin of raw gases and/or crude oils in a mixing zone following mixing by the transport of said raw gases and/or crude oils that come from at least two different sources of extraction, said method comprising a specific spectral analysis.

Abstract: Methods and systems for locating a chemical source include measuring chemical concentration with sensors at a plurality of different positions. Measurements from pairs of positions are cross-correlated to determine an average velocity vector for a group of positions. A convergence region is determined based on a plurality of average velocity vectors to determine a chemical source location.