Abstract: A tuneable filter, for example an antenna filter in a single chip radio receiver, comprises a frequency selective circuit (12) including passive reactive components. At least some of the reactive components (48 to 52) are arranged as a bank (46 ) which includes switches (53 to 57) for switching at least one of the reactive components in the bank into the frequency selective circuit. A controller controls the switching means to select the or a combination of the reactive components which provides an optimum sensitivity for an input signal at a first frequency. The switch settings required to optimise the sensitivity for other frequencies is determined by measuring the decrease in sensitivity for other switch settings, with the input signal still at the first frequency, and using stored data about the shape of the frequency response of the tuneable filter.

Abstract: A system and method for analyzing order components present in a physical signal X acquired from a physical system. Measurement information for the physical signal X may be received, where the measurement information includes information indicating a plurality of order components of the physical signal X. Time frequency plot information visually indicating order components of the physical signal X may be displayed. User input selecting one or more of the visually indicated order components may be received. A time domain signal may be created based on the one or more selected order components and may then be presented to a user on a presentation device. Presenting the time domain signal on the presentation device may enable the user to analyze the physical signal X or the physical system. Where the physical system includes one or more rotating elements, the method may enable order components of the signal to be analyzed even when no rotation speed information (e.g.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for measuring the effects of on-chin noise on signal propagation comprising measuring an inactive operating frequency of a first test circuit having a first plurality of elements connected by a first plurality of traces, measuring an inactive operating frequency of a second test circuit having a second plurality of elements connected by a second plurality of traces, measuring an inactive operating frequency of a third test circuit having a third plurality of elements connected by a third plurality of traces, and measuring an inactive operating frequency of a fourth test circuit having a fourth plurality of elements connected by a fourth plurality of traces, wherein the inactive operating frequencies of the first second, third, and fourth test circuits represent one or more effects of on-chin noise on signal propagation.

Abstract: A field distribution measuring method for measuring a spatial distribution of an electric field or a magnetic field at a plurality of sampling points. The method includes the steps of continuously sweeping the sampling points by a probe, in which, based on spurious spectra generated by offsets between positions of the probe and measuring timings, a shift amount of the sampling points is computed, and, taking into account the shift amount, a distribution of electric fields or magnetic fields is measured. The method further includes a step of removing the measured noises generated due to the offsets between sweeping positions of the probe and the measuring timings.

Abstract: A trellis filtering of a digital signal is disclosed. A method is provided of analysis filtering of an original digital signal including original samples representing physical quantities. Original samples of the digital signal are transformed by successive calculation steps into high and low frequency output samples. Any sample calculated at a given step is calculated by a predetermined function of original samples, and/or previously calculated samples, the samples being ordered in increasing rank. The signal is processed by successive series of samples, the calculations made on any series not taking into account the samples in a following series, and in that the any series terminates in a low-frequency sample.

Abstract: The performance of a plasma processing apparatus which is disassembled, transferred, and reassembled is evaluated. The plasma processing apparatus has a plasma processing chamber having an electrode for exciting a plasma, a radiofrequency generator connected to the electrode, and an impedance matching circuit for performing the impedance matching between the plasma processing chamber and the radiofrequency generator. The performance of the apparatus is evaluated whether or not three times the first series resonant frequency of the plasma processing chamber is larger than the power frequency supplied to the plasma processing chamber.

Abstract: A method of and system for locating a single passive underground marker type may distinguish false indications caused by other marker types. In accordance with aspects of the present invention, minimization or elimination of false marker indications may be accomplished by processing the response from a marker to determine which frequency has the largest response.

Abstract: A frequency margin testing blade is adapted for use in a bladed server. The testing blade is further adapted to provide one or more output clock signals for use as clock inputs to one or more server blades internal to the bladed server in which the testing blade is installed and/or one or more server blades external to the bladed server in which the testing blade is installed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for dynamically testing the effects of signal noise and cross-talk on an integrated circuit having a core logic area. The method comprises measuring an inactive operating frequency for each of the plurality of test circuits, measuring an active operating frequency for each of a plurality of test circuits, and analyzing the plurality of inactive operating frequencies and the plurality of active operating frequencies to determine the effects of signal noise and cross-talk on the integrated circuit.

Abstract: A first signal and a second signal are provided as two continuous signals having an identical fundamental frequency. A first spectrum which is either one of a frequency spectrum or a frequency power spectrum of the first signal in a predetermined time period is obtained. A second spectrum which is either one of a frequency spectrum or a frequency power spectrum of the second signal in the predetermined time period is obtained. A normalized value which corresponds a ratio of a difference between the first spectrum and the second spectrum and a sum of the first spectrum and the second spectrum at the fundamental frequency is obtained. A ratio of an amplitude of a signal component of the first signal and an amplitude of a signal component of the second signal is obtained based on the normalized value.

Abstract: A method for estimating the input power to a cable modem includes generating a look-up table containing AGC integrator accumulator values corresponding to selected frequencies and amplitudes. The look-up table is generated by first constructing a calibration matrix by inputting a plurality of calibration signals having known input frequencies and known input power levels into the cable modem's receiver, and recording AGC integrator accumulator values corresponding to several frequencies and power levels over a selected operating range as calibration points. Next, an interpolation and extrapolation process generates the look-up values corresponding to the frequencies and amplitudes in between the calibration points. During modem operation, the modem estimates the input power by checking the AGC integrator accumulator value corresponding to the input frequency and amplitude.

Abstract: A method and system for monitoring at least one of a system, a process and a data source. A method and system have been developed for carrying out surveillance, testing and modification of an ongoing process or other source of data, such as a spectroscopic examination. A signal from the system under surveillance is collected and compared with a reference signal, a frequency domain transformation carried out for the system signal and reference signal, a frequency domain difference function established. The process is then repeated until a full range of data is accumulated over the time domain and a Sequential Probability Ratio Test (“SPRT”) methodology applied to determine a three-dimensional surface plot characteristic of the operating state of the system under surveillance.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the spectral evaluation of an object to be tested. The inventive method enables an evaluation to be carried out independently of the respective operating state of the object to be tested, said operating state being influenced by operating parameters. A first operating parameter is an actual rotational speed value. According to the inventive method, a frequency spectrum (22, 23) of the object to be tested is automatically recorded by measuring means. Said frequency spectrum (22, 23) has first amplitude values which depend on first frequency values, the first frequency values of the frequency spectrum (22, 23) being used for normalisation in relation to the actual rotational speed value. An alarm curve (2) is formed with second amplitude values which depend on second frequency values, the second frequency values of the alarm curve (2) being used for normalisation in relation to the actual rotational speed value.

Abstract: A system and method for estimating parameters of multiple tones in an input signal. The method includes receiving samples of the input signal, generating a frequency transform (FT) of the samples, identifying multiple amplitude peaks in the FT corresponding to the tones, and determining parameter estimates characterizing each of the multiple tones based on the peaks. For each tone, the effects of the other tones are removed from the FT of the peak of the tone using the parameter estimates of the other tones to generate modified FT data for the tone. Single tone estimation is applied to the modified FT data to generating refined parameter estimates of the tone, which is used to update the parameter estimates of the tone. After refining the estimates for each tone, the entire process may be repeated one or more times using successive refined estimates to generate final estimates for the parameters.

Abstract: An adjustment and calibration system for post-fabrication treatment of a phase locked loop charge pump is provided. The adjustment and calibration system includes at least one adjustment circuit, to which a phase locked loop charge pump output is responsive, and a storage device that selectively stores control information (1) associated with a state of the adjustment circuit and/or (2) from a tester that writes such control information to the storage device, where the control information stored in the storage device is subsequently selectively read out in order to adjust the adjustment circuit to a state corresponding to the control information.

Abstract: A stream of pulses related to rotation rate drives an interrupt to store first timer values of a first timer and to set a second timer to run from zero. At predetermined fixed time intervals, second timer values of the second timer are stored. The stored first timer values are sampled to determine a first rate related to the input stream. The stored second timer values are sampled to determine a second rate. The first and second rates are selectively used as a final rotation rate related to the input stream.

Abstract: Sampling techniques and circuits for a waveform measuring instrument. The sampling techniques and circuits process a series of digital signal samples through a set of sample extractors and subsequently process the extracted digital signal samples. The set of sample extractors include a uniform decimator, a low frequency dither decimator, and a digital peak detector. The uniform decimator extracts a uniform decimated sample value for each decimated sample interval in a series of decimated sample intervals. The low frequency dither decimator extracts a low frequency dither decimated (random) sample value for each decimated sample interval in a series of decimated sample intervals. The digital peak detector extracts a maximum sample value and a minimum sample value for each decimated sample interval in the series of decimated sample intervals.

Abstract: a Sensor Web formed of a number of different sensor pods. Each of the sensor pods include a clock which is synchronized with a master clock so that all of the sensor pods in the Web have a synchronized clock. The synchronization is carried out by first using a coarse synchronization which takes less power, and subsequently carrying out a fine synchronization to make a fine sync of all the pods on the Web. After the synchronization, the pods ping their neighbors to determine which pods are listening and responded, and then only listen during time slots corresponding to those pods which respond.

Abstract: A method and system of adaptive power control based on pre package characterization of integrated circuits. Characteristics of a specific integrated circuit are used to adaptively control power of the integrated circuit.

Abstract: A method generating wander noise includes predefining frequency, amplitude and phase values for each of a plurality of tones for various predefined frequency profiles. A digital noise signal having a particular profile can then be generated by a summation of a plurality of tones based on the predefined frequency, amplitude and phase values for each of the plurality of tones for the selected profile. The wander noise signal is then generated from the digital noise signal.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a centrifugal pump wherein voltage and current data are detected from voltage and current sensors in the pump motor. A power signal is then generated from the voltage and current data and spectrally analyzed to determine the low flow or cavitation in the pump. As such, unwanted operational conditions resulting from improper pump operation may be detected and a warning or maintenance flag provided without additional transducers and other instruments on the motor or pump.

Abstract: A method is provided for aligning the center frequency of an infrared transmitter. The method comprises the steps of: (a) providing a voltage-controlled oscillator for driving the infrared transmitter, where the oscillator is adapted to receive a bias voltage from a microprocessor; (b) applying a bias voltage to the oscillator; (c) receiving an output signal from the infrared transmitter into an infrared receiver; (d) determining a frequency associated with the output signal; and (e) adjusting the bias voltage based on the frequency associated with the output signal, thereby aligning the center frequency of the infrared transmitter.

Abstract: Method to identify and remove machine contributions from tire uniformity measurements made on a tire uniformity machine by synchronizing and averaging together multiple measurements of tire uniformity made on a single test tire that is re-mounted between measurements in a randomly determined orientation relative to a rim reference mark on the rim of the tire uniformity machine. A cross-correlation function is calculated for each measurement relative to the first measurement, and an angular shift is determined from each cross-correlation function. The angular shifts are used to synchronize the measurements so that they can be averaged together. The resulting average test tire uniformity data has both machine contribution and random measurement noise minimized. An average machine contribution data set is determined by synchronizing and subtracting the average test tire uniformity data from each test tire uniformity measurement data set, then averaging together the resulting data sets.

Abstract: A device, method and computer program product are disclosed for indicating a function deviation of one or more details of manufacturing equipment using frequency component analysis for analyzing deviations between a nominal product shape and an actual product shape of a product using surface data of a physical surface, the product having been processed by the manufacturing equipment. The analysis can be based on the surface data and a set of function deviation indicating frequencies corresponding to frequencies at which function deviations occur in the one or more details. The function deviation indicating frequencies can be comprised in a frequency map. A method of configuring a frequency map is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for analyzing digital-sounds using sound-information of instruments and/or score-information is provided. Particularly, sound-information of instruments which were used or which are being used to generate input digital-sounds is used. Alternatively, in addition to the sound-information, score-information which were used or which are being used to generate the input digital-sounds is also used. According to the method, sound-information including pitches and strengths of notes performed on instruments used to generate the input digital-sounds is stored in advance so that monophonic or polyphonic pitches performed on the instruments can be easily analyzed. Since the sound-information of instruments and the score-information are used together, the input digital-sounds can be accurately analyzed and output as quantitative data.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a high frequency module board device having a high frequency transmitting and receiving circuit for modulating and demodulating a high frequency signal. The high frequency module board device comprises a base board (2) whose main surface is formed as a build-up surface (2a) and a high frequency circuit part (3) formed on the build-up surface of the base board (2) and having passive elements formed. The base board (2) has an area (29) in which wiring is not formed in a lower layer from a fourth wiring layer (8b). The high frequency circuit part (3) has an upper electrode part (36) and a lower electrode part (35) in positions corresponding to the area (29) in which the wiring is not formed. Thus, since a capacitance (18) is provided just above the area (29) in which the wiring is not formed, a parasitic capacity that the capacitance (18) receives from ground patterns (14) is reduced. Accordingly, the characteristics of the capacitance (18) can be improved.

Abstract: A DSP#B 6 executes, prior to data conversion, interpolation (see FIG. 2) in order to interpolate discrete spectra obtained via the FFT processing by a DSP#A 5. In the interpolation, the DSP#B 6 executes two-point interpolation if the difference between two discrete spectrum data pieces F(j) and F(j+1) is greater than a predetermined threshold &egr; and four-point interpolation if the difference is smaller than &egr;.

Abstract: Sampling techniques and circuits for a waveform measuring instrument. The sampling techniques and circuits process a series of digital signal samples through a set of sample extractors and subsequently process the extracted digital signal samples. The set of sample extractors include a uniform decimator, a low frequency dither decimator, and a digital peak detector. The uniform decimator extracts a uniform decimated sample value for each decimated sample interval in a series of decimated sample intervals. The low frequency dither decimator extracts a low frequency dither decimated (random) sample value for each decimated sample interval in a series of decimated sample intervals. The digital peak detector extracts a maximum sample value and a minimum sample value for each decimated sample interval in the series of decimated sample intervals.

Abstract: A technique for determining the amplitudes of frequency components of a waveform sampled from an automatic test system includes assembling a list of N frequencies expected to be found in the sampled waveform. A test program running on the tester generally supplies the list of frequencies. The technique assumes that the sampled waveform conforms to an idealized waveform model that mathematically corresponds to a sum of N sinusoids. Each of the N sinusoids that make up the model has unknown amplitude and a frequency that equals one of the N frequencies in the list of frequencies. The technique attempts to solve for the unknown amplitude of each of the N frequencies by mathematically minimizing, via a linear least-squares algorithm, the difference between the model and the actual, sampled waveform.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method of estimating a Doppler frequency shift and a method of transmitting data using the same. The method of estimating the Doppler frequency shift includes the steps of calculating difference values of a received pilot signal between i-th slot and (i−1)-th slot, for i=1, 2, . . . , N; and estimating a Doppler frequency shift based on the difference values.

Abstract: A frequency domain analysis system incorporated into time domain measurement instrument has duration and resolution controls that respectively adjust the acquisition time intervals of a waveform record in seconds and adjusts the number of digital data samples over a specified duration. The duration of the acquisition waveform may be controlled using the duration control adjustment, a sample rate adjustment and a record length adjustment. The resolution controls concurrently adjusts the sample rate and the record length of the acquisition waveform while maintaining the duration constant. A movable and variable length frequency spectrum gate is applied to the digital data samples of the acquired waveform. A window filter is applied to the digital data samples within the gated region a spectrum analysis generator generates frequency domain values over the gates waveform record.

Abstract: An ultrasonic surgical hand piece is caused to be driven with an output displacement that is correlated with the phase margin, which is the difference of the resonant frequency and the anti-resonant frequency of the hand piece. A frequency sweep is conducted to find the resonant frequency and the anti-resonant frequency for the hand piece. The resonant frequency is measured at a point during the frequency sweep where the impedance of the hand piece is at its minimum. The anti-resonant frequency is measured at a point during the frequency sweep where the impedance of the hand piece is at its maximum. Using a target or specific output displacement, a drive current is calculated based on the phase margin which is the difference between the resonant frequency and the anti-resonant frequency. The hand piece is caused to be driven with the output displacement, by accordingly controlling the current output from a generator console for driving the hand piece.

Abstract: The present invention is a method and apparatus for testing the random numbers generated by a random number generator in real time. A stream of random bits is generated using said random number generator, then the generated random bits undergo a monobit-run length operation in which a plurality of sub-sequences having one of all 0's or all 1's bits in a row is identified. The output of said monobit-run length calculation is applied to an exponential averaging to obtain an average number of occurrences or frequencies for a range of monobit-run lengths. The monobit-run length frequencies are compared to predetermined acceptance ranges, so that if any of the average monobit-run frequency values falls repeatedly outside the predetermined acceptance range more than a predetermined number of times, it is determined that the generated random bits are insufficiently random.

Abstract: A system and method (and storage media) for identifying the category of the source noise and sound by using the physical factors derived from the autocorrelation function (ACF) and the interaural crosscorrelation function (IACF) which are ever changing in the time domain based on the model of human auditory brain function system. A method for evaluating a sound comprises the steps of: using the sound recorder to capture and record the acoustic signal; calculating the ACF from the acoustic signal using a CPU; calculating ACF factors extracted from the calculated ACF using the CPU; and identifying the kinds of the noise based on the ACF factors. Thereby the unknown noise source can be identified what it is (such as automobile noise, and factory noise), and can be identified its type such as type of cars or type of machines.

Abstract: The present invention provides an oscillation measuring method comprising: a laser beam emission step S1 for emitting a laser beam to an object to be measured; a return beam reception step S2 for receiving a return beam reflected by the object and having an object Doppler frequency according to a velocity of the object; a self-mixing step S3 for mixing the return beam having the Doppler frequency with another beam emitted upon reception of the return beam and generating a self-frequency according to a resonator change during a time from the emission to the reception of the return beam, so as to generate a beat wave containing the object Doppler frequency superposed with the self-frequency; and an oscillation information output step S4 for outputting the beat wave or information obtained from signal processing of the beat wave as the object oscillation information. This enables to measure a fine oscillation of an object to be measured.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of determining a speed of rotation of a squirrel-cage motor, wherein samples from the current taken by the squirrel-cage motor are collected by an electric current measuring device at a predetermined sampling frequency for a measurement period, the samples being stored as measurement data of a fixed format. The method is characterized by comprising the step of determining the rotation speed of the squirrel-cage motor from the measurement data by determining the base frequency and side frequencies of the electric current taken by the squirrel-cage motor, the rotation speed frequency of the squirrel-cage motor being obtained by subtracting the lower side frequency from the higher side frequency and by dividing the difference thus obtained by two.

Abstract: A spectral characterization method accurately characterizes an applied signal spectrum that has multiple, spectrally-separated signal peaks. The method detects signal peaks within the spectrum and measures the spectral content of that spectrum using a first measurement bandwidth that is sufficiently wide to encompass each of the signal peaks and accurately measure a signal component of the spectrum. Spectral content of the spectrum measured using a narrow measurement bandwidth that accurately characterizes a noise component of the spectrum. Signal-to-noise ratio for the signal peaks can be calculated based on the measurements performed using the first and second measurement bandwidths. The spectral characterization method is implemented using a spectral measurement instrument having an adjustable measurement bandwidth.

Abstract: The type of blade installed in a hand piece of an ultrasonic system is determined and the information used to adjust the fault detection threshold of the generator by using an impedance diagram to determine the type of blade which is connected to the hand piece. A check is performed to determine the magnitude of the blade impedance at resonance. If the hand piece is bare (i.e. no blade is attached), the magnitude of the impedance at resonance is typically less than 125 ohms. If on the other hand, a blade is connected, the impedance will be greater that 125 ohms. This value is used to indicated the presence or absence of a blade.

Abstract: The invention discloses a system for improving performance of the RF amplification stage of communication receivers by accounting for the signal environment of the RF amplifier. The linearity, gain and power supply voltage of the RF amplification stage of the communication receiver is adjusted to produce an optimal signal into the succeeding narrow-band amplification stage(s). The adjustment of the RF stage includes mechanisms such as adjusting the RF amplifier power supply level using a DC to DC converter. It also includes allowing distortion in the RF amplification stage if the distortion in the RF amplification stage does not affect the target signal. For example, if there were a strong signal that fell within the same band as the target signal, amplification would be allowed to be so high that it distorted the undesired signals, but not the tined signals.

Abstract: In order to check an occurrence of a signal component in an input signal, a method and a device is provided. The method comprises the steps of generating a measure for the frequency of the input signal from the input signal, determining a variance of the measure for the frequency of the input signal, comparing the determined variance with a predetermined limit value, and confirming the occurrence of the signal components if the variance lies within a predetermined range in relation to the predetermined limit value. The occurrence of a signal component in an input signal can be determined very fast and by performing only a few steps. Therefore, the method according to the invention and the device according to the invention can very well be used in particular in mobile devices, as for example in hearing devices.

Abstract: A sample may be analyzed by sampling a quantity of the sample so as to provide a respective quantity of vapor phase molecules of the respective complex sample to a, mass sensor; performing a succession of scans of the sample, so as to generate a respective series of mass spectra; compiling a k×n vector matrix representative of a plurality of temporal profiles derived from the plurality of mass spectra; performing one or more multivariate data analysis routines with respect to the vector matrix; and, in response to the multivariate data analysis routine, reporting the results of the analysis.

Abstract: Improved data acquisition systems and methods that enable large numbers of data samples to be accumulated rapidly with low noise are described. In accordance with this inventive approach, a plurality of data samples is produced from a transient sequence in response to sampling clock, and corresponding data samples across the transient sequence are accumulated in response to an accumulation clock that is shifted in phase relative to the sampling clock.

Abstract: A signal processing method, preferably for extracting a fundamental period from a noisy, low-frequency signal, is disclosed. The signal processing method generally comprises calculating a numerical transform for a number of selected periods by multiplying signal data by discrete points of a sine and a cosine wave of varying period and summing the results. The period of the sine and cosine waves are preferably selected to have a period substantially equivalent to the period of interest when performing the transform.

Abstract: In a method and a device for carrying frequency synthesis, in particular in a distance measuring device based on the principle of evaluating the change over time in the phase of an electromagnetic radiation emitted by a radiation source and remitted by an object aimed at, a frequency, which is preferably furnished by a quartz oscillator, is regulated in a ring oscillator with N delay elements (V1, V2, V3, . . . , VN) to a desired first high frequency (F), which is used as a mixer frequency or as a modulation frequency. The signals at the N delay elements (V1, V2, V3, . . . , VN) are delivered to a multiplexer, which is switched over with a cadence that is equivalent to 2*N times the frequency of the low-frequency measurement signal to be evaluated. As a result, at the output of the multiplexer, a second high frequency (M) differing from the first high frequency (F) by the frequency of the low-frequency measurement signal is generated, which can be used as a modulation frequency or as a mixer frequency.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method of automatically detecting and storing the CPU clock frequency in a telecommunications hub. The hub includes a known reference clock for a digital signal processor. A first counter counts the reference clock cycles during the same time period in which a second counter counts the processor clock cycles. The number of processor clock cycles counted is divided by the number of reference clock cycles counted and the result is multiplied by the frequency of the reference clock. The calculated processor clock frequency is compared to a table of available CPU clock speeds and the closest available clock speed is selected. The selected available clock speed is then stored as a variable in RAM for use by all software which uses the processor clock as a base for generating absolute timing signals, such as a one second clock.

Abstract: A method for improving the performance of a micromachined device, preferably an angular rate microsensor, is provided. The method includes collecting data on rate bias over a selected operating phase demodulation angles for at least one tine of a microsensor and determining optimum settings for phase demodulation angles at which the rate bias hysteresis over temperature is at a minimum by applying dynamic programming.

Abstract: A mechanical signature analysis system for analyzing frequencies and magnitudes of vibrations in an operating test disc drive includes a test data acquisition module connected to the test disc drive to acquire time domain test data and convert it into frequency domain test data, a typical disc drive data module having frequency domain data for a typical disc drive, and a failure analysis module having failure limits associated with the typical disc drive frequency domain data to determine whether the test data are within the failure limits. An output module displays failure analysis results.

Abstract: Failures associate with bad hand pieces and blade failures in an ultrasonic surgical system are distinguished by monitoring the rate of change of the resonance frequency and the rate of change of the resonance impedance of the hand piece/blade as the drive frequency is changed. As the system reaches resonance, the control system locks onto the resonance frequency. When a loss of lock occurs with no recovery, the rate of change of the frequency and rate of change of the impedance are compared to obtain the fastest rate of change which is stored in non-volatile memory of the ultrasonic generator. If the rates of change are higher than normal rates of change due to temperature changes with the longest blades, a “Bad Blade” message is displayed on an LCD.

Abstract: At least one exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a method comprising obtaining a first frequency and a second frequency. The method also comprises creating a table of values comprising a plurality of target frequencies intermediate to the first and second frequencies, the table of values also comprising a pulse width, a pulse count, and a differential pulse width corresponding to each of the target frequencies from the plurality of target frequencies. The method further comprises outputting at least a portion of the values to a motion device. It is emphasized that this abstract is provided to comply with the rules requiring an abstract that will allow a searcher or other reader to quickly ascertain the subject matter of the technical disclosure. This abstract is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or meaning of the claims.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for measuring the instantaneous frequency of FM modulated signals, includes sampling, instantaneous frequency computing, and lowpass filtering. FM modulated signal are sampled at prescribed intervals to provide digitized FM signal. The instantaneous frequency is computed by manipulating the digitized FM signal mathematically using a new mathematical equation proposed in this invention to provide the instantaneous frequency based on digitized FM signal samples. More accurate instantaneous frequency values can be obtained by filtering the computed instantaneous frequency values using a lowpass filter.