Abstract: A method and system for modeling a three-dimensional smoke propagation animation system. The animation system can be configured to include a particle system manager, a compartment manager, a state variable manager, a three-dimensional space outline rendering module, and a three-dimensional smoke animation rendering module. The particle system manager creates and updates an existing particle system based on an input script and data from the state variable manager. The state variable manager loads smoke propagation data and provides smoke information to the particle system manager to create and update the particle system and space outline. The compartment manager creates a three-dimensional outline with respect to each compartment space from a compartment data and updates the status of the existing three-dimensional outlines based on information from the state variable manager. A final three-dimensional smoke propagation animation can then be rendered by the three-dimensional smoke animation rendering module.

Abstract: Simulators and methods for simulating an acoustic field of an acoustic waveguide are provided. A sound speed profile of the acoustic waveguide is generated, where the acoustic waveguide has a region of a first fluid within a second fluid, and the first fluid has a different acoustic index of refraction than the second fluid. The sound speed profile and predetermined parameters of a sound source and a receiver are applied to a parabolic equation (PE) model of sound propagation in the acoustic waveguide. The acoustic field of the acoustic waveguide is determined from the PE model. The acoustic field includes an interference pattern from interference between an acoustic signal of the acoustic source and at least one signal refracted by the region of the second fluid.

Abstract: A method for modeling conductivity distribution in a formation below a body of water includes measuring electromagnetic response of the formation with an electromagnetic survey system; measuring at least one of water conductivity, water dielectric constant, and water temperature with respect to depth in the water; generating an initial model of conductivity distribution of the formation; discretizing the measurements of at least one of water conductivity, water dielectric constant, and water temperature with respect to depth into at least one layer; generating a forward model of a response of the electromagnetic survey system to the initial model and the discretized measurements; comparing the forward model to the measured electromagnetic response to determine differences; adjusting the initial model to reduce the differences; and repeating generating a forward model, comparing the forward model to the measured electromagnetic response, and adjusting the initial model until the differences fall below a select

Abstract: A machine, method and computer-usable medium for modeling an average flow of a substance through a composite material. Such a modeling includes an analytical calculation of an effective tensor Kå suitable for use with a variety of media. The analytical calculation corresponds to an approximation to the tensor K, and follows by first computing the diagonal values, and then identifying symmetries of the heterogeneity distribution. Additional calculations include determining the center of mass of the heterogeneous cell and its angle according to a defined Cartesian system, and utilizing this angle into a rotation formula to compute the off-diagonal values and determining its sign.

Abstract: A systems power distribution tool integrates the design of the power source and distribution network to provide a robust interconnect topology and power source. This is accomplished with a machine of one or more computing devices configured as a systems power distribution tool. The tool “pulls” load current from the source through interconnects to the loads. This allows the interconnects to be designed to satisfy derating conditions for worst case voltage and current conditions and the power source to be designed to source the loads under actual conditions without margin stacking.

Abstract: A technique includes modeling a seismic wavefield in a vertical transversely isotropic media as a second order derivative of a first wavefield function with respect to a vertical direction and not with respect to crossline and inline directions and as second order derivatives of a second wave field function with respect to the inline and crossline directions and not with respect to the vertical direction. The method includes processing seismic measurements of the media in accordance with the modeled seismic wavefield to obtain information about the media. In another technique, a seismic wavefield in a tilted transversely isotropic media are modeled based at least in part on orientation of the symmetry axis and a nonzero shear velocity for the media; and seismic measurements of the media are processed in accordance with the modeled seismic wavefield to obtain information associated with the media.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for analyzing airflow through a vehicle radiator and identifying how cooling openings in the vehicle affect airflow through the vehicle radiator. A plurality of pathlines each describing airflow through a vehicle front end and including a position identifier and velocity magnitude are computed. A plurality of intersection points are calculated to identify locations within a vehicle radiator that intersect with a generated pathline to identify pathlines from which air flows through the vehicle radiator. One or more elements are generated from the intersection points using a triangulation method, such as Delauney triangulation, so that the generated elements include intersection points as nodes and are non-overlapping. An airflow rate is calculated for each element based on the velocity magnitudes of the pathlines associated with the intersection points included in the element and the element area.

Abstract: A configuration operation set for configuring a system element is tested by simulating execution of the control operation set with simulation sample test data. The configuration operation set is received via a configuration user interface in a configuration view. Simulation sample test data is received via a simulation user interface in a simulation view. The configuration view and the simulation view may be simultaneously viewed on a display. In a single session, a control operation set may be received, simulation sample test data may be received, a simulation may be run, and the results of the simulation may be viewed. If the results of the simulation agree with expected results, the control operation set may be saved, and executed in the system element of interest. If the results of the simulation do not agree with the expected results, the control operation set may be cancelled.

Abstract: Method for modeling anisotropic elastic properties of a subsurface region comprising mixed fractured rocks and other geological bodies. P-wave and fast and slow S-wave logs are obtained, and an anisotropic rock physics model of the subsurface region is developed (21). P- and fast and slow S-wave logs at the well direction are calculated using a rock physics model capable of handling fractures and other geological factors (22). Calculated values are compared to measured values in an iterative model updating process (23). An upscaled ID model is developed by averaging elastic properties in each layer using an upscaling theory capable of handling at least orthorhombic anisotropy (24). The ID model may be used to generate synthetic seismic response for well ties or AVO modeling (25). Further, a method is disclosed for estimating anisotropy parameters from P- and fast/slow S-wave logs from one or more deviated wells.

Abstract: The computer-implementable method allows for the fast creation of a multi-unit interval data signal suitable for simulation. The created signal represents the output of an otherwise ideal Discrete Time Filter (DTF) circuit, and the quick creation of the signal merely requires a designer to input the number of taps and their weights without the need of laying out or considering the circuitry of the DTF. A matrix is created based on a given data stream, and the number of taps and weights, which matrix is processed to create the multi-unit-interval data signal. Noise and jitter can be added to the created signal such that it now realistically reflects non-idealities common to actual systems. The signal can then be simulated using standard computer-based simulation techniques.

Abstract: In a method of computing the overall material constant of a composite material, a virtual composite material is defined as the one that a first material component is dispersed in a form of inner spherical particles in a matrix phase and each of the inner spherical particles is enveloped by the second material component, in a form of outer shell layers, as a coating layer. Based on this, a nonlinear equation is prepared, which has the material constant of the virtual composite material as an unknown. Next, the material constant of the virtual composite material is computed by solving the equation. In the equation, the material constant in each of the surrounding areas of the outer shell layers coating the inner spherical particles is defined as the overall material constant of the virtual composite material to be computed. The volume fractions of the material components in the composite material are computed using the equation.

Abstract: A method of modelling fabric properties and behavior first involves generating (16) a yarn model from fiber parameters, which may be empirically determined. The yarn model is homogenised (18, 20) to produce a homogenous representation of the yarn (YMM), suitable for use in finite element analysis. The method may then, secondly, involve generating (24) a fabric weave model by finite element analysis of the yarn representation (YMM). The fabric model is then also homogenised (26, 28) to produce a homogeneous representation of the fabric (FMM), suitable for use in finite element analysis. Finite element analysis of the fabric representation (FMM) can then be used to assess the suitability of various fabric materials for technical applications.

Abstract: An acoustic sensor system includes a first plurality of acoustic sensors, and an acoustic transmitter structured to generate acoustic noise to mimic acoustic noise induced by an electrical conductivity fault. A smaller second number of acoustic sensors of the first plurality of acoustic sensors are structured to identify a plurality of locations in an electrical distribution system having a plurality of electrical joints, in order that the smaller second number of acoustic sensors can monitor the plurality of electrical joints of the electrical distribution system.

Abstract: A sample atomic configuration creation part in a control section creates the atomic arrangement data of a sample, and a sample surface height calculation part calculates a sample surface height for every mesh. A probe profile creation part creates the atomic arrangement data of a probe, and a probe surface height calculation part calculates the height of the probe surface for every mesh. A probe scanning part supplies the coordinate of a scanning start position in the scanning range to a collision height specification part. The collision height specification part calculates the distance between the sample surface and the probe in each mesh. Calculation of this distance is repeated for all meshes of the probe at the coordinate of this measuring position.

Abstract: The hybrid artificial immune system consists of three main layers, including a solution application layer that interacts with the environment, a solution generation layer that solves combinatorial optimization problems and a modeling layer that analyzes problems and presents solution scenarios. The system solves evolutionary multi-objective optimization problems in network computing, robotics, artificial neural networks, protein network modeling, evolutionary systems and evolutionary hardware.

Abstract: A method and model of predicting particle-surface interactions with a surface, such as the surface of a spacecraft. The method includes the steps of: determining a trajectory path of a plurality of moving particles; predicting whether any of the moving particles will intersect a surface; predicting whether any of the particles will be captured by the surface and/or; predicting a reflected trajectory and velocity of particles reflected from the surface.

Abstract: A simulation apparatus 10 carries out simulation for associated operation equipment 2 provided with a plurality of mobile devices 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, 7a, 7b, and 7c for operating in association with each other, and a control device 9 with a storage unit for storing a control program in which operation procedures are determined for the mobile devices to output control signals to the mobile devices. The simulation apparatus includes a storage device 10a for storing a simulation program to carry out simulation of the associated operation of the mobile devices on the basis of the control signals, and an arithmetic operation device 10c for receiving the control signals to execute the simulation program on the basis of the control signals.

Abstract: The present system and method for simulating particles and waves is useful for calculations involving nuclear and full spectrum radiation transport, quantum particle transport, plasma transport and charged particle transport. The invention provides a mechanism for creating accurate invariants for embedding in general three-dimensional problems and describes means by which a series of simple single collision interaction finite elements can be extended to formulate a complex multi-collision finite element.

Abstract: Wellbore tracking by developing a wellbore deviation survey, including collecting wellbore deformation data using a caliper at each of a plurality of depths within the wellbore, collecting wellbore deviation data using a tiltmeter at ones of the plurality of depths, determining simulated wellbore deformation and deviation data using the oriented wellbore deformation data, and developing a wellbore deviation survey by calibrating the wellbore deviation data based on the oriented wellbore deviation data.

Abstract: A method for modeling the interactions between objects. The surface the objects define an interface between media. A set of elementary characteristic functions are chosen that correspond to the field of application. The physical properties the media are defined. Each object is modelled as a mesh and elementary point sources are associated with either side of each mesh element. The type of boundary conditions are determined for each interface. The global matrix for the interactions between the various objects is constructed, depending on the type of boundary conditions, the properties of the media and the configuration of the system. The global matrix is inverted. The inverted matrix is multiplied by a column matrix of the excitation boundary conditions. A column matrix is obtained containing the elementary point sources. At every point, the physical quantities representative of the interactions are calculated and an analytical model of the interactions is obtained.

Abstract: Method for determining best and worst cases for values of model parameters such as porosity and shale volume fraction generated by non-unique matrix inversion of physical data such as seismic reflection amplitudes. The matrix is diagonalized, and then orthonormal basis vectors associated with insignificant diagonal elements are used to generate upper and lower bounds on the solution. Best and worst case solutions are determined as linear combinations of the null basis vectors, where the expansion coefficients are determined by making a best fit to the upper and lower bounds.

Abstract: A geophysical model of a subsurface region is generated based on seismic data, e.g., seismic reflection data. Migration and seismic inversion are applied to the seismic data to generate estimates of one or more physical or seismic properties of the subsurface region. Seismic inversion, such as spectral shaping inversion, is applied before or after migrating the seismic data through a variety of techniques that each avoid the amplification of dipping energy while optimizing computational efficiency and/or accuracy.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for simulating wave propagation in an environment. The method includes the steps of, via a first model of the environment generated with a first modelling method, simulating a first response of the environment in a time and/or frequency domain over a first portion of the domain, and via a further model of the environment generated with a further modelling method, simulating a further response of the environment in the time and/or frequency domain over at least one further portion of the domain.

Abstract: Methods for evaluating drill pattern parameters such as burden, spacing, borehole diameter, etc., at a blast site are disclosed. One method involves accumulating the burden contributed by successive layers of rock and matching the accumulated rock burden to a target value for a borehole having a length related to the average height of the layers. Another method relates to varying drill pattern parameters and characteristics to match blast design constraints, including the substitution of one explosive material for another by the proper balance of materials and/or output energies to the associated rock burden. Analysis of deviations from target rock burdens and corrective measures are disclosed, as well as cost optimization methods. The various methods can be practiced using an appropriately programmed general purpose computer.

Abstract: A modeling method creates a three-dimensional analysis model of a target object for extracting parameters that are used to analyze a high-frequency transmission, by selecting, from an art work data of the target object, an extraction target region that becomes a target for extracting the parameters that are used to analyze the high-frequency transmission, deleting non-extraction target elements of the extraction target region, that do not affect an electromagnetic analysis and are other than extraction target elements that affect the electromagnetic analysis, linearizing, from among the extraction target elements, a curved wiring, and optimizing a wiring length of the extraction target region including the linearized wiring and optimizing an analyzing space dimension of the extraction target region, so as to create the three-dimensional analysis model.

Abstract: Systems, program product, and methods of suppressing residual water bottom energy in seismic data, are provided. An example of a system, program product, and method can be applied to post-stack datasets and can combine multi-channel deconvolution with novel sorting keys to efficiently identify and suppress residual water bottom energy in common depth point (CDP) stacked seismic data, thereby increasing the resolving power of seismic data leading to an improved interpretation of seismic signals reflected from oil reservoirs.

Abstract: A method is presented for selecting the order in which parameters are evaluated for inclusion in a model of a film stack, which is by ranking them according to measurement precision. Further, a method is presented for determining which parameters are to be floated, set, or discarded from the model, which is by determining whether average chi-square and chi-square uniformity decreases or increases when the parameter is added to the model. In this manner, a model for the film stack can be quickly assembles with a high degree of accuracy.

Abstract: Method is provided for simulating a physical process such as fluid flow in porous media by performing a fine-grid calculation of the process in a medium and re-using the fine grid solution in subsequent coarse-grid calculations. For fluid flow in subsurface formations, the method may be applied to optimize upscaled calculation grids formed from geologic models. The method decreases the cost of optimizing a grid to simulate a physical process that is mathematically described by the diffusion equation.

Abstract: Optical regeneration is expensive to implement and maintain. A method or corresponding apparatus in an example embodiment of the present invention enables a user to plan an optical regeneration in a network with a reduction of optical regeneration compared to unplanned deployment. An optical regeneration planning tool according to an example embodiment of the present invention can graphically display a representation of a network topology with optical regeneration sites and enable the user to plan optical regenerations at a subset of the sites as a function of characteristics of models of optical network elements and paths within the network topology. Through use of the optical regeneration planning tool, a service provider can save on network deployment and future servicing of optical regeneration equipment.

Abstract: This invention relates generally to a method of simulating the signal of an electromagnetic source using one or more dipole sources. In the method a dipole source is located at an excitation location corresponding to a segment of the electromagnetic source to be simulated. The dipole source is activated, and an electromagnetic signal recorded at one or more receiver locations. This process is repeated for additional excitation locations corresponding to additional segments of the electromagnetic source. The data from the sequence of dipole source excitation locations is processed to determine the simulated signal of the electromagnetic source.

Abstract: A method for simulating a thermal resistance value of a thermal test die is provided to estimate a relationship between the thermal resistance value of a heating block and the thermal resistance value of the thermal test die, and to find out a size of the heating block that matches an actual thermal situation of the thermal test die. In addition, after being tested by the heating block, the reliability of the testing result may be improved by verifying whether the relationship of a transient response of thermal resistance of the heating block and a steady-state response of thermal resistance of the thermal test die is within a range of a setting variation.

Abstract: A highly convenient design support method and design support system for a heat convection field or a mass diffusion field which significantly reduce the number of times of numerical simulation required to examine the designing parameters for achieving the design purpose. The design support method includes a forward analysis step of analyzing the heat convection field or the mass diffusion field by solving an equation of the heat convection field or the mass diffusion field based on an initially set value of a designing parameter, an inverse analysis step of analyzing a sensitivity defined by a change ratio of the design purpose to a designing parameter change by solving an adjoint equation corresponding to the design purpose based on the set design purpose, and a sensitivity display step of displaying information on the sensitivity analyzed by inverse analysis step as a graphic image on the display device.

Abstract: A method of designing or evaluating the design of a bake oven for curing paint on an article to achieve the cure criteria for predetermined areas of the article, including creating a three-dimensional model of the article and the bake oven, dividing the three-dimensional model into discreet elements, using a computer to set each discreet element to initial conditions and at an initial time, repeating this step to achieve substantial convergence, comparing the cure criteria with the calculated temperature as a function of time and finally modifying the computational model of the bake oven to achieve the cure criteria based upon a computer simulation.

Abstract: A computer-readable electronic services management system for a mobile communications network, comprising a distributed network of agents in the form of collaborative autonomous software agents wherein the agents are configured to represent and act on behalf of a user and to communicate with each other to manage, for the user, one or more electronic services (e.g. electronic messages, a purchase etc.) via the user's communications devices. Multiple types of agents include a primary personal agent, a primary creation agent for creating other agents and subordinate agents, and a primary destruction agent for destroying agents meeting pre-determined criteria based on a threshold value in relation to an agent value coefficient. Collaboration between agents is by a private user whiteboard facility whereby collaborating agents post to the whiteboard addressed electronic services, including service tasks to be performed for the user, and extract from the whiteboard electronic services addressed to them.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention sets forth a technique for computing two-way rigid body coupling in a two-dimensional height field simulation, such as a shallow water simulation. Coupling from a rigid body to a fluid is computed using fluid displacement of the body in each grid cell. The body is projected onto a simulation plane to determine which grid cells are covered by the body. Fluid displacement from the body is computed for each grid cell based on displacement within a corresponding vertical column of fluid. Fluid displacement is distributed to neighboring grid cells prior to a height field computation. Coupling from the fluid to the rigid body is computed by integrating forces imparted on the body by the fluid at each grid cell. The integrated forces are used to compute a new position for the body in a subsequent simulation time step.

Abstract: Logging tools, methods, and computer programs for use in borehole logging are described. The logging tool includes three or more tensors, each tensor including one or more coils. Each coil is characterized by coil parameters including an axis orientation, a cross-sectional area, a number of turns, and a location. At least one of the coil axes is disposed at an angle to the borehole axis. One or more of the coil parameters are selected to minimize sensitivity to borehole current.

Abstract: Computational Earthquake is a new earthquake forecasting method.

Abstract: A simulation may be performed to assess availability of a service in the event of various types of failures. A specification may describe a behavior to be induced on a machine, and a formula under which availability is to be measured. A controller processes the specification and dispatches a request to induce the behavior to a machine on which the behavior is to be induced. An agent on that machine may look up a routine in a simulation library and may use the routine to induce the behavior. Data, such as performance counter values, are collected before, during, and/or after occurrence of the behavior, and are transmitted back to the controller. A report generator applies the formula contained in the specification to the data received to calculate the availability metric, and produces a report containing that metric.

Abstract: A method of determining survivability is disclosed. The method can include selecting a mission scenario and providing data associated with the scenario as input to a plurality of low-level modeling tools each associated with a corresponding spectrum, and performing a spectral analysis of the selected scenario using each of the low-level modeling tools for the corresponding spectrum. The method can also include generating an event probability matrix for each analyzed spectrum based on the output of the low-level model, the event probability matrix including a probability of detection, a probability of tracking, and a probability of engagement for each of a plurality of mission scenario reference points. Using the event probability matrix as input, a constructive analysis can be performed using a high-level simulation system configured to simulate actual event occurrence for a specific run of the mission scenario and a probability of survival based on a result of the constructive analysis can be determined.

Abstract: A computer-implemented inversion method for determining characteristics of a bottom roughness field using a numerical wave model is provided. Measured wave heights over an area of interest are compared to predicted wave heights calculated by a wave model using an estimated bottom roughness parameter. If the error between the measured wave heights and the predicted wave heights is within a specified tolerance level, the analysis ends and the value of the bottom roughness parameter used in the wave model is retrieved. If the error is not within the specified tolerance level, an Influence Matrix IM is used to obtain a revised estimated bottom roughness parameter. The wave model is re-run using the revised roughness parameter and the resulting predicted wave heights are compared to the measured wave heights. The inversion continues until the wave height error is within the specified tolerance level. When the inversion ends, the bottom roughness field that produced those predicted wave heights is retrieved.

Abstract: A first generation portion divides an object to be analyzed into a plurality of finite elements to generate element division data. A first calculation portion defines and calculates a plurality of meshes dividing the object to be analyzed into units larger than the finite elements. A second generation portion assumes that a friction layer which has a thickness of “0” and a friction coefficient between a conductive material and a composite material of a predetermined value less than 1 exists at the interface between the conductive material and the composite material, and the second generation portion generates mesh data. A second calculation portion uses various solvers to calculate the physical amounts produced in the object to be analyzed on the basis of the mesh data and outputs the analysis result. In other words, the second calculation portion performs a simulation of the behavior of the object to be analyzed.

Abstract: A method is provided for predicting thermal energy transfer from an entrained particle to a wall surface, the entrained particle being incorporated within a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of a flow scenario. Initially, the method generates grid geometry for the CFD model to form a plurality of finite element cells; and establishes initial and boundary conditions for the flow scenario. The model determines a characteristic particle size of the entrained particle; inserts the particle into a cell at an initial location; initializes physical conditions of the particle as a particle state; and calculates a time-step based on characteristic cell size and flow velocity. The model integrates state change in the particle state over the time-step in the cell; and computes collision effect in response to the particle crossing a face of the cell. After convergence, the model quantifies energy flux to the wall surface from impingement by the particle.

Abstract: The electromagnetic field simulator includes a discrete model setting section which sets a space grid width and a time step in a simulation of the electromagnetic field, a coefficient setting section which sets coefficients of equations for the simulation at various positions in a simulation space based on electromagnetic physical properties, a wave source setting section which sets a position and amplitude of a wave source of the electromagnetic wave as a boundary condition with respect to a spatial distribution of the electromagnetic field, and an amplitude calculation section which calculates amplitude of an electromagnetic field component given to the position of the wave source in the simulation space based on the space grid width and the time step and the electromagnetic physical properties at the position of the wave source to reproduce the electromagnetic wave having the set position and amplitude of the wave source in simulation results.

Abstract: A method is provided for facilitating installation of one or more electronics racks within a data center. The method includes: placing a plurality of thermal simulators in the data center in a data center layout to establish a thermally simulated data center, each thermal simulator simulating at least one of airflow intake or heated airflow exhaust of a respective electronics rack of a plurality of electronics racks to be installed in the data center; monitoring temperature within the thermally simulated data center at multiple locations, and verifying the data center layout if measured temperatures are within respective acceptable temperature ranges for the data center when containing the plurality of electronics racks; and establishing the plurality of electronics racks within the data center using the verified data center layout, the establishing including at least one of reconfiguring or replacing each thermal simulator with a respective electronics rack.

Abstract: A method of predicting the destructive capacity of a tropical cyclone based on a new Wind Destructive Potential (WDP) and Storm Surge Destructive Potential (SDP) scales which provide a manner to rate the severity of hurricanes and typhoons, based on information provided in operational forecast and warning products, experimental wind field products, or gridded numerical weather prediction model outputs. These new scales are formulated to be consistent with the physical mechanism through which tropical cyclones impact coastal communities through wind, storm surges and wave damage.

Abstract: A method and apparatus may linearize a model representing a dynamic system without using perturbation techniques. The model may include a differential-algebraic system of equations to represent the dynamic system. The mass matrix of the model may be singular. The linear model of the system may be generated in a state-space representation using the analytic Jacobians of the model.

Abstract: The computer-implementable method allows for the fast creation of a multi-unit interval data signal suitable for simulation. The created signal represents the output of an otherwise ideal Discrete Time Filter (DTF) circuit, and the quick creation of the signal merely requires a designer to input the number of taps and their weights without the need of laying out or considering the circuitry of the DTF. A matrix is created based on a given data stream, and the number of taps and weights, which matrix is processed to create the multi-unit-interval data signal. Noise and jitter can be added to the created signal such that it now realistically reflects non-idealities common to actual systems. The signal can then be simulated using standard computer-based simulation techniques.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for channel simulation is disclosed. The claimed invention provides method and apparatus 1200 to simulate a propagation channel, particularly a multiple-input-multiple-input (MIMO) channel. The claimed invention further provides a method and apparatus for efficient optimization of antenna by the enhanced channel simulation. The claimed invention takes both antenna characteristics and channel characteristics as inputs, and output time-varying channel realizations to generate the system metrics as the optimization target for antenna under optimization. The claimed invention advantageous provides enhanced channel simulation to meet the accuracy requirement of antenna evaluation.

Abstract: A technique provides a methodology for improving surveys of subterranean regions. The methodology comprises estimating macro anisotropy and an intrinsic or micro anisotropy of an overburden. A surface electromagnetic survey is conducted, and the data from the survey is inverted based on or including information gained from estimating the macro anisotropy and/or intrinsic anisotropy. A processor system can be used to conduct the inversion with the adjustments for anisotropy to improve the information provided by the survey.

Abstract: The present invention is a system that mathematically simulates acoustic waves that are reflected off an ocean floor from a SONAR transducer mounted on a ship, submarine, or other water navigable craft. By varying the number of mathematical equations, the form of the equations, and the parameters of the equations, many different conditions may be simulated in the laboratory before testing and implementing a SONAR system at sea. The system can simulate either a spatial hydrophone SONAR system or a temporal hydrophone SONAR system for all ship speeds (i.e. all velocity components). The novel equations used in the system are based on the physics of correlation SONAR, and are applied in real time simulation environments to provide for accurate SONAR simulation of a ship's velocity.