Abstract: A method for continuously relieving residual stresses in hot extruded then cold drawn brass sections, particularly leaded yellow brass. In the disclosed method, the residual stress is localized near the surface of the brass section during cold draw by limiting the percentage reduction in cross-sectional area for the section as it passes through a smaller angle cold draw die. This is accomplished by using a cold draw die having a relatively small attack angle which minimizes the stress at the center of the brass section and localizes the residual stress to an area near the surface of the section. The configured extruded, cold drawn rod is mechanically worked by passing it through mechanical benders which are set to alternatively bend the rod out of alignment first relative to a horizontal longitudinal axis and then relative to a vertical longitudinal axis.

Abstract: Improved metallic rod product which substantially reduces die wear in wire drawing operations, and which provides other advantages during manufacturing. The exterior surface of the rod product is intentionally provided with a predetermined rough texture having certain characteristics, rather than the smooth bright surface conventionally imparted to metallic rod product intended for subsequent drawing into wire. Certain textured surface characteristics of the rod product reduce wear on the first few wire drawing dies by entraining lubricant as the rod moves through the dies, and carry the entrained lubricant into the dies, while at the same time avoiding some common wire drawing defects such as flakes and slivers. The textured-surface rod thus reduces frictional wear of the drawing dies, so that less force is required to draw the rod product through the dies and the useful life of the drawing dies is increased.

Abstract: A complete all-ceramic die for use in wire-drawing operations includes a new and novel approach zone, bearing zone and back relief to thereby eliminate lubrication of the die and unwanted lubrication dust and wire scales.

Abstract: Synthetic resinous thermoplastic tubing is reduced radially in diameter with minimal increase in length by passing the tube through a plurality of successively smaller dies wherein a minor portion of the die moves relative to a major portion of the die during the reduction step. Plastic tube is obtained which has a tendency to expand radially with a minimal alteration in its length. Such tubing is particularly suitable for lining of pipe.

Abstract: A method for making steel wire cord from particulate iron oxides with the aid of a fiber-forming acrylic polymer is disclosed. A plurality of continuous filaments are first formed by wet-spinning an acrylic polymer spin dope in which particles of iron oxide are dispersed. The resulting filaments are drawn to increase their tenacity and then twisted to form a precursor cord. This is followed by exposing the precursor to a reducing atmosphere (e.g., a gaseous mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide) at a temperature in the range of from about 900.degree. C. to 1150.degree. C. for a period of about 3 to 8 minutes. Under these conditions, the iron oxide particles are reduced to the metallic state and the polymer in the precursor is pyrolized to carbon and by-product gases. The carbon diffuses into the resulting iron, and the individual metal particles sinter to form continuous steel wire cord having an essentially ferritic/pearlitic structure.

Abstract: Multiple gauge metal strip is prepared by a process which comprises shaping strip material of rectangular cross section to form regions of at least two variable thicknesses defining a stepped surface configuration in at least one of the broad surfaces of said strip, and drawing the shaped strip through a die which defines said cross sectional configuration to produce a reduction of said strip to final dimension, wherein said drawing step is performed without direct surface-to-surface contact between said strip and said die, such that the width dimension of said strip is unchanged and the ratio of strip surface to strip cross sectional area changes by at least 30%. The drawing method of this invention employs hydrodynamic lubrication and can achieve one-pass cross sectional reductions of from 39 to 55%.

Abstract: A wire for making steel wool has, in cross-sectional profile, a straight top, a pair of sides extending down from said top, and a downwardly and outwardly concave bottom. The sides either taper regularly down from said top toward said bottom so as to impart to said wire a trapezoidal cross-section, or lower portions of otherwise parallel sides taper inwardly at an angle of approximately 20.degree. so that the wire is much narrower at the bottom than at the top. The corners between the sides and the bottom are rounded so as to reduce waste in the production of steel wool. Such a wire is received in a capstan of a steel-wool making machine having wire-holding grooves with central outwardly convex ridges receivable within the concavity in the bottom of the wire.

Abstract: This invention comprehends torsional strengthening of two-phase metal materials. One application of the torsionally strengthened material is in the field of springs wherein the energy storage capacity is increased. The invention provides for methods and processes for increasing the torsional strength of two-phase metal materials. Also comprehended is an apparatus that provides the increased torsional strength by its novel combination of machines.

Abstract: A pultrusion die for forming elongated, serrated, fiber-reinforced articles is disclosed. The die comprises a die block having a cylindrical cavity therethrough and a plurality of cylindrical rods arranged in a cylindrical array about the sidewall of the cavity. Each rod contacts two adjacent rods at parallel lines of contact which are located along the length of each rod and which define inwardly facing cylindrical arcs of less than 180.degree. so that the rods lock each other against nonaxial movement. The inwardly facing arcs together define a serrated die cavity.

Abstract: The invention relates to blanks made of aluminum or aluminum base alloys for wiredrawing by impact, and to their method of obtaining same. These new blanks are obtained by casting and cooling under pressure, and are characterized by a fine and homogeneous grain, a crystalline structure with axial symmetry and an almost complete absence of pinholes, occlusions of a gaseous nature, and basaltic crystalline formations. They are intended for the fabrication by impact wiredrawing of such containers as tubes, carrying cases, boxes, packaging material, aerosol bombs, extinguisher bodies, bodies of bottles or cartridges for compressed or liquefied gases.