Abstract: The present invention is a fully functioning two-wheel drive bicycle (78). The drive train which supplies power to the front wheel (17) is incorporated into a modified frame (91) and comprises a rear wheel (90) driven by the traditional chain or shaft mechanism (23) and the front wheel driven (17) by a series of rigid shafts transferring power from the driven rear wheel (90) to the front wheel (17).

Abstract: The present invention describes a two-wheel drive bicycle. The drive train, which supplies power to the front wheel, is incorporated into a modified frame. The bicycle includes a rear wheel driven by a traditional chain mechanism. The front wheel is driven by a series of shafts transmitting power from the driven rear wheel to the front wheel.

Abstract: An axle driving apparatus comprising a combination of a speed-change HST for coupling a variable-capacity pump and a motor with a fluid on the one hand and a steering HST for coupling a variable-capacity pump and a motor with a fluid on the other hand, configured in such a manner that the two HSTs are accommodated in a common housing. The motor output of the speed-change HST is transmitted to a differential arrangement for differentially coupling a pair of axles, and the motor output of the steering HST is transmitted to a differential arrangement for differentially coupling a pair of steering output shafts. One of the steering output shafts and one of the axles are power-coupled to one transmission train, while the other steering output shaft and the other axle are power-coupled to the other transmission train which applies a turning effort to the other axle in the direction opposite to the turning effort applied to the first axle by the first transmission train.

Abstract: A triple epicyclic differential transmission for converting three parallel inputs to three orthogonal outputs. The triple epicyclic differential transmission includes three input shaft/pinion assemblies and a ring gear assembly which includes three ring gear pairs--each pair driven by an input shaft/pinion assembly in an epicyclic manner. An outer structure assembly is rotatably mounted to the ring gear assembly and an idle pulley assembly is pivotably mounted to the outer structure assembly. An output pulley assembly is rotatably mounted to the idle pulley assembly and driven by the ring gear assembly via the idle pulley assembly.

Abstract: A drive unit for adjustable beds of the type which have movable head and leg sections, and adjustable height, comprises a unidirectional, rotary motor, and a drive shaft for each adjustable bed function. The driveshafts are selectively rotated in opposite directions by the motor. A pair of solenoids operably couple the motor with the driveshafts, interchangeably, or alternatively with a linear tracking gear, and thereby adjust the configuration of the bed.

Abstract: The invention resides in a module used in conjunction with other such modules in an apparatus for rapidly producing an article having a three-dimensional design comprising a base, a plurality of translating members mounted on the base and the plurality of translating members movable relative thereto, the base is an interconnectable block of parallel drivetrain elements having a single input shaft and a series of parallel output shafts at right angles to the input shaft whose power flow to the output shafts is connected/disconnected electrically via electromagnetic clutches.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, the preferred embodiment of a multi-functional apparatus is integrated with a windshield washer mechanism. An electromagnetic device selectively causes movement of an impeller associated with the windshield wiper mechanism thereby drawing fluid from a reservoir through a bypass loop. When the bypass loop is selectively closed, the fluid is forced through a delivery conduit and is emitted upon the windshield. In another aspect of the present invention, at least a pair of intermittent rotary mechanisms are selectively rotated by a rotatable member coupled to a single reversible electric motor. A bellows-type fluid pump is activated by a driving surface on the rotatable member to force fluid through the window washer mechanism associated therewith.

Abstract: Disclosed is a multi-functional apparatus having a single electromagnetic device to drive a multiple of electrically-actuated functions. The multi-functional apparatus has an armature shaft that selectively and alternatively activates a window wiper assembly and a flexible, elongated drive element such as a cable coupled to opposing ends of the armature shaft.

Abstract: A multi-functional apparatus employs an intermittent motion mechanism. An electromagnetic device selectively causes movement of the intermittent motion mechanism thereby moving a mechanical device coupled thereto. In another aspect of the present invention, a single electric motor selectively actuates two or three intermittent rotary motion mechanisms thereby causing separate mechanical devices coupled thereto to operate within an automotive vehicle.

Abstract: A gimbal system includes a pair of stepper motors that drive respective drive trains of a differential drive assembly such as a differential gear assembly. Either the drive ratios or the step sizes for the two motors are offset from each other to provide four modes of operation, including modes for improved resolution and faster slew rate, and two intermediate modes with more balanced resolution and slew rate.

Abstract: A transfer case (10) having a drive shaft (12) on a bearing (18) to permit the drive shaft to be rotated with respect to the transfer case, the drive shaft having a free end portion (12a) which is adapted to drive an axle of a vehicle. The drive shaft passes through a sleeve (20), and bearings (22, 24) are provided to permit the sleeve to be rotated with respect to the transfer case. The sleeve has a sprocket (14) affixed to it, and the sprocket is caused to rotate by an endless chain (16). The sleeve is drivingly connected to the drive shaft by a universal joint (26), preferably a cardan joint, which is contained within an enlarged end portion (20a) of the sleeve. The sprocket is positioned between the universal joint and the free end portion of the drive shaft, to maximize the distance therebetween, and thereby minimize the included angle required of the universal joint.

Abstract: A gear mesh configuration which eliminates independent means for retaining a gear in rotational contact with another. As illustrated by the mesh formed between the cooperating teeth of a side gear and pinion mate in a vehicle differential assembly, the mesh is formed axially and radially inward of the side gear as compared to conventional gear combinations. In this manner, an area is formed in the side gear which is outward of the teeth and which extends around the rear portion of a pinion to retain it in its desired position upon the supporting shaft. Because the gear mesh is now substantially sealed, this configuration also serves to create a limited-slip effect.

Abstract: A friction plate synchronizer/brake apparatus for use in a drivetrain subassembly such as a four-wheel drive transfer case. The apparatus provides a relatively small and lightweight apparatus that may be used to facilitate transfer case range shift operations by smoothly eliminating residual rotation of the transfer case input shaft caused by torque converter drag. Elimination of the torque converter drag allows the transfer case output drive shaft to be coupled to the transfer case input shaft or to the associated planetary gear assembly without excessive noise, vibration, or wear on the transfer case components. The apparatus also provides a relatively small and lightweight apparatus to be used in a four-wheel drive transfer case to facilitate smooth "on the fly" shifting between two-wheel and four-wheel drive modes of operation.

Abstract: A locking differential includes a housing containing a chamber and a pair of opposed openings for receiving a pair of axially spaced output shafts, respectively, a pair of side gears adapted for non-rotatable connection with the respective output shafts, concentrically arranged annular center driver gear and center cam members arranged coaxially about the adjacent ends of the output shafts, and annular clutch members operable by the center cam member to disconnect an overrunning output shaft, characterized in that the center driver gear and center cam members contain radially extending access openings to permit manual mounting of C-clip retainers in peripheral grooves contained in the adjacent ends of the output shafts.

Abstract: A helicopter transmission presenting at least a first reduction unit receiving motion from a respective engine on the helicopter; and a second reduction unit connected to the first reduction unit and transmitting motion to the shaft of the main rotor; both reduction units presenting one reduction stage, and each including a pair of face gears coaxial with and facing each other and only one of which is fitted to the output shaft of the respective reduction unit; and two pinions of which one is a floating input pinion and the other is a fixed-axis pinion, and each of which meshes with both the face gears.

Abstract: In a vehicle transmission comprising a hydrostatic transmission (13) and a rear-wheel drive assembly (20) including a two-stage speed change mechanism (28), a front-wheel drive assemly (22) having a front-wheel drive shaft (24) is disposed at a front side of the output shaft (17) and includes a clutch (55; 155; 255) such that when the change mechanism is shifted to its high-speed position the clutch is disengaged so as to provide a non-drive mode for front wheels. A selective drive mode is preferably provided by a one-way clutch (56) which is operable to connect the drive shaft to the output shaft only when forward directional rotation speed of the output shaft is larger than that of the drive shaft. In a preferred embodiment, the front-wheel drive assembly is shiftable at a low-speed position of the change mechanism between a constant drive mode and the selective drive mode.

Abstract: A differential mechanism having two output cam members rotatable about an axis, each cam member having a single annular cam surface of undulating form comprising pairs of mutually inclined surfaces. The inclined surfaces are engaged by end surfaces of followers so that relative contra rotation of the output cam members causes the cam followers to slide axially. An Input element engages and supports the followers and moves the followers circumferentially relative to the output cam members. The input element engages with a radially inner portion of each cam follower to move the follower circumferentially relative to the cam output members, and the cam surfaces are inclined away from the axis of rotation.

Abstract: A power transmission for a vehicle which operates on land and in water has an engine driven torque converter, a planetary gear arrangement and a pair of output members. The water or sea-drive is connected with one output member which is connected to the planetary gear arrangement through a selectively engageable clutch. The land-drive is connected with the other output which is connected with the torque converter through a selectively engageable clutch. The torque converter turbine is connected with a member of the planetary gear arrangement and is selectively connectible with the impeller through a selectively engageable bypass or torque converter clutch.

Abstract: A differential gear assembly has a pair of face gears meshing with intermeshing input and idler gears respectively. The face gears are secured by threaded fasteners carrier assembly which houses a pair of pinion side gears rotatably mounted on a pin or shaft, and a pair of output side gears both meshing with each pinion side gear. The output gears are connected with output shaft members which extend outwardly through the carrier and a surrounding housing. The separating forces generated between the meshing gear pairs (i.e., input/face, idler/face and pinion side/pinion output gears) are absorbed by the carrier assembly. The housing structure enclosing the gear members and carrier assembly is free from the gear separating forces.

Abstract: A rotating machinery system provides flexible clutch configuration. In accordance with a first embodiment, a tubular shaft is rotatable about a first axis and has a hollow core, the tubular shaft having a first end and a second end; a second shaft coaxial with the tubular shaft and rotatable about the first axis and located in the hollow core, the second shaft having an input end and a transfer end; and a clutch assembly coupling the first end of the tubular shaft to the transfer end of the second shaft for rotating the tubular shaft responsive to rotation of the second shaft. In accordance with a second embodiment, there is a rotary machinery system for converting rotation about a first axis to rotation about second and third axes.

Abstract: A twin screw extruder and torque splitting transmission has two output shaft portions that are axially spaced apart a distance and are connected to elongate shafts where at least one is bent along its length and powered by a driven pinion gear that has a diameter that is greater than the distance between the axes of the twin screws.

Abstract: A sanitary, cleanable, whirlpool jet apparatus having means for circulating water within a whirlpool without routing the whirlpool water through circulation piping.

Abstract: A transaxle assembly for small-scaled, self-propelled machines of a relatively simple structure includes an axle-locking mechanism which is housed in an axle casing (19). The locking mechanism comprises left and right rotors (47L, 47R), each having teeth (47a) thereon and mounted fixedly on left and right wheel axles (20L, 20R), and left and right locking members (49L, 49R) each having at least one pawl (49a) engageable with the teeth. The locking members are mounted on a control shaft (50), which extends parallel to the wheel axles, such that these members are moved rotationally by a rotational displacement of the control shaft so as to cause locking engagement between the pawls and teeth. A torque spring (53) is preferably employed for causing lock-operating movement of the locking member by the control shaft. The transaxle and locking mechanism can be handled as a unit in a self-propelled machine so that assembling of the machine is made easier.

Abstract: A motor vehicle has a pair of main drive road wheels, a pair of auxiliary drive road wheels, and a differential disposed between the auxiliary drive road wheels, the main and auxiliary drive road wheels serving as the front and rear road wheels of the motor vehicle. An apparatus for driving the front and rear road wheels includes a speed increasing device disposed in a power transmission path leading to the differential between the auxiliary drive road wheels, detecting means for detecting a speed of travel of the motor vehicle and a steering variable, and control member for enabling the speed increasing device by predicting a turn of the motor vehicle based on the detected speed and the detected steering variable.

Abstract: A device for contra-rotating two concentric shafts. One shaft is hollow in order to accommodate the other shaft. At least one drive shaft is connected to a power source and the concentric shafts are connected to each other by a geared transmission. The transmission includes one or more crown wheels which mesh with cylindrical pinions.

Abstract: A gear arrangement for transmitting torque through an angle and through a plurality of power extraction paths. The arrangement includes a driving shaft, a floating spur gear pinion concentrically mounted on the drive shaft, a pair of concentric and opposed face gears that are in meshing engagement with the pinion, a primary driven shaft mounted to one of the face gears and at least one non-floating spur gear also in meshing engagement with both face gears. The driving shaft is located by a bearing or a flexible coupling at the shaft end remote from the gear box to allow the pinion to float freely. Useful power may be extracted from both face gears and the non-floating spur gear as well as additional spur gears that are placed in meshing engagement with the face gears.

Abstract: A drive train assembly for a rotor assembly having ducted, coaxial counter-rotating rotors includes a sprag clutch, an engine coupling subassembly, a transmission coupling subassembly, and a drive shaft mechanically interconnected at the ends thereof to the engine and transmission coupling subassemblies, respectively. The drive train assembly is design optimized to maximize the functional capability of the sprag clutch, the engine coupling subassembly including an external crown spline coupling, internal spline coupling combination that is mounted in combination with the sprag clutch so that loads transmitted through the external crown spline coupling react through the center of the sprag clutch.

Abstract: A power transmitting system for a vehicle includes an input shaft, left and right output shafts, a speed reduction mechanism for transmitting a driving force from the input shaft to the output shafts, a left hydraulic clutch disposed between the speed reduction mechanism and the left output shaft for transmitting the driving force, a right hydraulic clutch disposed between the speed reduction mechanism and the right output shaft, and an oil pump for supplying a hydraulic pressure to the left and right clutches. The left and right hydraulic clutches being disposed in the speed reduction mechanism, and the input shaft constitutes a primary element of the oil pump. A compact power transmitting system can be obtained in accordance with the invention.

Abstract: Back exercise apparatus has a seat and a footrest, with a first backrest pivotable about a horizontal first axis for biasing the upper portion of a person on the seat about the first axis, and a second backrest pivotable about a vertical second axis for biasing the upper portion of the person about the second axis. A gearbox selectively connects a drive to either backrest and has an input shaft connected to the drive, a pair of output shafts parallel to the input shaft and a selector for connecting the input shaft to a selected one of the output shafts for rotating the selected output shaft in either direction of rotation.

Abstract: A power transmitting apparatus for use in a vehicle, provided with a motor having at least one output shaft to which a traveling electromagnetic clutch and at least one power-transmitting electromagnetic clutch are attached, a plurality of clutch plates capable of being connected to the power-transmitting electromagnetic clutch while being aligned therewith, and operating shafts fixed to the clutch plates. The power-transmitting electromagnetic clutch is moved by the operation of the traveling electromagnetic clutch and the rotation of the motor to a position at which the power-transmitting clutch can be connected to one of the clutch plates selected as desired.

Abstract: A differential adapter is provided for adapting a typically standard axle assembly to use in a railroad track vehicle. Such an axle assembly has a spur gear, a differential case with a plurality of radially extending openings, connected to the spur gear, and has two axle sections each with a splined inner end. The adapter is dimensioned to fit within the differential case and comprises a body with two axially extending, axially aligned splined openings therein which are dimensioned to mate with respective splined inner ends the axle sections. The adapter also comprises a plurality of lugs extending radially outward from the body, and dimensioned and spaced apart thereon so as to snugly fit within respective radially extending openings in the differential case when the openings in the body mate with the respective inner ends of the axle sections. A differential and axle assembly which preferably utilizes such an adapter is also provided.

Abstract: A fuseable torsion shaft for use within an aircraft flight control surface actuation system. The fuseable torsion shaft includes a shear tube which exhibits high strength elastic characteristics during normal operation up to a predetermined shear torque level. Thereafter, a torsion shaft having lower strength plastic characteristics provides torque transmission capability for a limited deflection.

Abstract: In a power transfer device for four-wheel drive including a differential arranged to split the driving torque from a power transmission into two torque delivery paths, a first output shaft assembly in drive connection to the differential to transfer the split driving torque to front or rear-wheel drive axles and a second output shaft assembly in drive connection to the differential to transfer the split driving torque to rear or front-wheel drive axles, one of the output shaft assemblies being composed of a pair of split shafts, a shift mechanism includes a clutch sleeve slidably mounted on one of the split shafts for rotation therewith and shiftable between a first position where it is engaged with the other split shaft and a second position where it is disengaged from the other split shaft, a manually operated plug member rotatably coupled within a corresponding bore in the peripheral wall of a housing of the transfer device, and a fastening bolt threaded into the peripheral wall of the housing to fasten th

Abstract: A coaxial drive shaft system is provided with an overload shearable coupling for driving multiple outputs from a single input. A pair of coaxial, telescoped drive shafts are provided as independent outputs to a pair of driven devices. A singular input shaft is coupled to the drive shafts by a gearbox for simultaneously rotating the drive shafts. A shear section is formed in one of the drive shafts for rupturing the one drive shaft in response to an overload condition thereon, while the other coaxial, telescoped drive shaft continues to be rotated by the singular input shaft.

Abstract: A four-wheel drive vehicle has a front wheel side having a front wheel set, a rear wheel side having a rear wheel set, an engine having an output shaft extending in a transverse direction of a vehicular body, a transmission having an input shaft connected to the output shaft of the engine and an output shaft connected through a transmission mechanism to the input shaft such as to extend in a transverse direction of the vehicular body, a rotating member connected to the output shaft of the transmission, a front differential gear, a first output member connected between the rotating member and one of the wheel sets for transmitting power to one of the wheel sets through the front differential gear, a second output member coaxial with the first output member, a rear wheel propeller mechanism between the second output member and the other wheel set, and operative to convert the rotation of the second output member into rotation about an axis perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the second output member for dr

Abstract: A roll block for rolling wire to final gauge in a high speed wire mill with a plurality of roll units alternatingly positioned at right angles to each other and behind each other, which are driven by two roll drive shafts running on both sides of the line of rolls parallel to it, includes a dividing gear unit for driving both drive shafts by a common drive motor. The individual roll units are connected to the roll drive shafts by miter wheel, bevel and/or other gear units. The gear ratios in the dividing gear unit on setting predetermined rotational speed ratios of the roll drive shafts lead to a predetermined series of caliber reductions for which the respective roll block is designed. Other materials and/or roll products require, if the gear ratios and rotational speeds are to be maintained constant, correspondingly changed dividing gear units. Such changes are no longer required when the dividing gear unit is a mechanical or hydraulic gearshift which produces different rotational speeds.

Abstract: A four-wheel drive vehicle has a front wheel side having a front wheel set, a rear wheel side having a rear wheel set, an engine having an output shaft extending in a transverse direction of a vehicular body, a transmission having an input shaft connected to the output shaft of the engine and an output shaft connected through a transmission mechanism to the input shaft such as to extend in a transverse direction of the vehicular body, a rotating member connected to the output shaft of the transmission, a front differential gear, a first output member connected between the rotating member and one of the wheel sets for transmitting power to one of the wheel sets through the front differential gear, a second output member coaxial with the first output member, a rear wheel propeller mechanism between the second output member and the other wheel set, and operative to convert the rotation of the second output member into rotation about an axis perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the second output member for dr

Abstract: A vehicle torque transfer gear assembly unit for driving four wheels of a vehicle in which both the rear and front output shafts of the unit are capable of straight line connected relation with the rear and front drive shafts of the vehicle thereby eliminating the need for complex compound angled connecting means. The preferred embodiment exemplifying the invention is a five gear assembly of two input gears and three output gears selectively connectable for two wheel or four wheel high speed operation, or four wheel low speed operation beside a neutral mode. The rear output shaft is aligned in a straight line with the rear drive shaft extending downwardly toward the rear wheel differential while the front output shaft extends downwardly in the opposite direction to the front drive shaft toward the front wheel differential.

Abstract: Independent control by a single motor of two members mounted on a shaft, e.g. print wheels in a printing machine such as a postal franking machine, is enabled by having the first member either fixed in rotation to the shaft or connected to the shaft by a one-way clutch, and having the second member connected to the shaft by a one-way clutch, the arrangement being such that rotation of the shaft in one direction causes movement of the first member only (by direct drive or by the action of the associated clutch) and rotation of the shaft in the other direction causes movement of the second member only, by the action of the associated clutch.

Abstract: A lifting and lowering mechanism for an ink ribbon and a correction tape of a typewriter includes a stepper motor which drives both a ribbon lift arm and a tape lift arm. First and second gear wheels, partially geared at predetermined portions and pivoted along the stepper motor shaft, engage with a gear wheel equipped at the ribbon lift arm and the tape lift arm respectively. The ink ribbon and the correction tape are lifted separately and selectively by changing the direction of the stepper motor rotation.

Abstract: The driving shaft (11) is equipped with two oppositely threaded worms (13a, 13b) with which respectively mesh on opposite sides two worm-wheels (14a, 14b) of a first kinematic channel and two worm-wheels (16a, 16b) of a second kinematic channel, and the worm-wheels of the two channels situated on the same side of the shaft (1) mesh together, the worm-wheels (14a, 14b) of one channel being constrained to rotate with intermediate gear-wheels (15a, 15b) which mesh with a gear-wheel (17) mounted on the driven output shaft, the shafts which carry the worm-wheels of the two kinematic channels being mounted to float in the axial direction.

Abstract: A baler for making rectangular bales includes a main drive transmission section embodying a planetary gear set including a planet carrier which serves as an output member for delivering power to a plunger crank and to a knotter and feeder drive shaft. Power is delivered to the sun gear of the planetary gear set through a path including an input shaft adapted for connection to a towing tractor PTO shaft, a wet slip clutch, a simple input bevel gear set, a flywheel and an intermediate shaft having a plate fixed to one end thereof and secured to the flywheel by a shear bolt and having the sun gear integral with a second end thereof.

Abstract: A transmission system, in particular for motor vehicles having at least two driven axles, comprises a transmission (1) and two differentials (2, 3) in tandem arrangement, of which at least the transmission (1) is designed as planetary gear. All three gears (1, 2, 3) are arranged coaxially. An arrangement requiring exceptionally little space is obtained when the differentials (2, 3) are likewise designed as planetary gears and when the transmission (1) is arranged between the two differentials (2, 3). The transmission comprises two coaxially arranged hollow shafts (12, 16) passing through the differential (2) following the transmission, and the transmission and the differential (2) have a common planet carrier (21). The two differentials are coupled by the fact that their internal gears (28, 30) are mounted on a common hollow body (29) embracing the transmission (1).

Abstract: Torque-splitting pinion gear for twin-screw machines comprising a first, direct-driven screw shaft, which has an output pinion meshing with a drive pinion provided on a coupling shaft, and also comprising a drive pinion provided on the second screw shaft, this pinion being axially offset towards the front relative to the output pinion of the first screw shaft and being drivable via an output pinion of the coupling shaft.

Abstract: A robotic manipulator wrist has one part 10 rotatable relative to the other part 12 of the wrist, and gear trains 16, 18, 20, operates to rotate the end effector shaft 14 when a brake 36 is applied to prevent relative movement between the two parts 10 and 12, and to rotate one part 10 relative to the other part 12 when a second brake 38 is applied to prevent relative movement between the end effector gear 18 and the intermediate gear 16.

Abstract: A transmission apparatus for a motor vehicle having an internal combustion engine transversely disposed in the vehicle at an end portion thereof, a transmission transversely disposed and connected to the crankshaft of the engine at one end portion of the transmission, a final reduction gear engaged with an output gear of the transmission, the output gear being mounted on an output shaft of the transmission adjacent an end of the engine, a differential secured to a side of the final reduction gear, and an axle connected to the differential for one pair of the vehicle wheels. A transfer device is connected to another portion of the output shaft of the transmission. The transfer device comprises a transfer shaft, a gear train provided at the other end portion of the transmission, and a clutch device for engaging the gear train with the output shaft of the transmission.

Abstract: An apparatus for forming a plurality of an annular non-helical corrugations in a cylindrical tube has two generally parallel shafts that can be displaced toward and away from each other and that are driven oppositely and synchronously by a common main drive. A central roller disk is fixed on one of the shafts and a pair of axially displaceable outer disks flank this disk on the one shaft. A pair of axially displaceable roller disks are provided on the other shaft each lying between a respective one of the outer disks of the one shaft and the central disk. Respective threaded spindles adjacent the shafts threadedly engage the respective displaceable roller disks and these spindles are threaded such that when rotated in one rotational sense the respective disks move axially together and vice versa.

Abstract: A ship drive system with main engine, main transmission and propeller shaft is supplemented by a transmission branch permitting power transmission in both directions. The branch includes an auxiliary engine, an a.c. generator selectively connected to that auxiliary engine and a controlled transmission unit interposed between the generator shaft and a branch shaft from the main transmission. The unit includes two planetary gear sets of different transmission ratios, their sun gears are mounted on the generator shaft, and a common spider for two sets of planet gears is mounted on the branch shaft; the two internal ring gears for the planetary gears are selectively, one at a time or none, immobilized for power transmission at the respective speed ratio.

Abstract: An actuator system for use in symmetrically positioning of control surfaces on opposite sides of an aircraft includes a primary load path for providing power to ball-screw mechanisms for moving the control surfaces between extended and retracted positions. A separate backup shaft is drivingly connected between opposite ends of the primary load path and, in normal service use, is unloaded. In the event of a failure in the primary load path, torque is transmitted through the backup shaft from the unaffected end of the primary load path so as to provide power for actuation of the ball-screw mechanism which otherwise would be affected by the failure in the primary load path. The backup shaft includes a one-piece continuous core whose axis is spaced laterally from the longitudinal axis of the primary load path to increase serviceability, reliability and reduce the likelihood of simultaneous damage to both the backup shaft and the primary load path.

Abstract: A device for switching power of active toy comprising: a pair of drive gears having engaging lugs formed on their opposing inner surfaces for mutual engagement and crank portions for actuating predetermined acting portions; a switching mechanism; and a switching gear adapted to be brought by said switching mechanism into engagement with alternating one of said drive gears. When said switching gear engages one of said drive gears, the other drive gear is driven by the first-mentioned drive gear through their engaging lugs, at a certain time lag, so that said crank portions of said drive gears may be actuated with a phase differential.