Abstract: A metal-ceramic composite substitute is produced by joining a metal plate to a ceramic substrate by using a brazing material in a paste form prepared by adding 10-14 parts by weight of a vehicle to 100 parts by weight of a powder of which the solid centent comprises 90.0˜99.5% of an Ag powder, 0˜9.5% of a Cu powder and 0.5˜4.0% of an active metal powder, and 0.0˜0.9% of a titanium oxide powder if necessary.

Abstract: A mixture for a powder metallurgy product, including iron powder, graphite powder and copper (Cu) of about 3.0 to about 5.0 weight percent. Iron powder includes iron grains which contain MnS therein. The mixture contains the MnS of about 0.65 to about 1.40 weight percent. The graphite powder is contained in the mixture such that an amount of carbon (C) in the powder metallurgy product is about 0.3 to about 0.7 weight percent. An amount (wt % C) of the carbon and an amount (wt % Cu) of the copper is determined to obtain a target fatigue strength FS (MPa) and a target hardness HR (HRB) based on a relation FS=66.63×(wt % C)+22.61×(wt % Cu)+280.84 HR=22.96×(wt % C)+2.99×(wt % Cu)+78.91.

Abstract: A solder powder comprises solder particles having a distribution such that the number of particles having a particle diameter of 20 &mgr;m or less is 30% or less, wherein the oxygen content is 500 ppm or less. A flux for solder paste comprises an organic acid component consisting of an organic acid ester and an ester decomposer catalyst, an organic halogen compound, a reducing agent and a resin component. A solder paste mainly comprises a flux and a solder powder, wherein the water content of the solder paste is 0.5% by weight or less.

Abstract: Metal powders are pressed into compacts more readily through the addition of a minor percentage of dimethyl sulfone binder. Dimethyl sulfone may be dry-blended with the metal powder by mixing it in the form of a powder, or it may be wet-blended by first dissolving it in a suitable solvent, then adding it to the metal powder and evaporating the solvent. Dimethyl sulfone may be almost completely removed from compacts pressed from tantalum, etc., either by vacuum distillation or by water leaching, to leave compacts uncontaminated by the binder and suitable for further processing into capacitor anodes, etc.

Abstract: This invention concerns a lubricant for warm compaction of iron-based metallurgical powder compositions. 50 to 100% by weight of the lubricant is a polyester, aromatic or partly aromatic, which has a number-average molecular weight Mn of 5,000-50,000. This invention further concerns a metal powder composition containing the lubricant, a method for making sintered products by using the lubricant, and use of the same in warm compaction of metallurgical powders.

Abstract: A solder paste comprises a lead-free solder alloy powder and a flux and is suitable for use in reflow soldering of electronic parts at a soldering temperature of 230° C. or below with minimized damage to the electronic parts to form soldered joints of good bond strength. The solder alloy powder is a mixture of from 10 to 30 vol % of a first powder of an Sn—Bi alloy consisting essentially of 10-45 wt % of Bi and a balance of Sn and from 70 to 90 vol % of a second powder of an Sn—Zn alloy consisting essentially of 9-15 wt % of Zn and a balance of Sn. The mixture gives an alloy having a composition upon melting which consists essentially of 7-11 wt % of Zn, 1-5 wt % of Bi, and a balance of Sn.

Abstract: A paste to be fired at a temperature lower than melting point of silver for forming a circuit board comprising surface-modified silver powder consisting essentially of metal silver particles having an average particle size of not more than 10 &mgr;m and at least one member selected from the group consisting of oxides and double oxides containing at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of those belonging to Groups 2 to 14 of Periodic Table whose atomic number falls within the range of from 12 to 82, which is adhered to the surface of the individual metal silver particles. The surface-modified silver powder has an elevated sintering-initiation temperature and a reduced rate of heat shrinkage due to sintering. Therefore, the surface-modified silver powder is particularly suitable for use in making a circuit board, in particular an LTCC circuit board.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a process of preparing high density, warm compacted bodies of a stainless steel powder comprising the steps of providing a mixture of a low carbon, low oxygen stainless steel powder including 10-30% by weight of Cr, optional alloying elements and graphite and inevitable impurities, mixing the powder with a high temperature lubricant and compacting the mixture at an elevated temperature. The invention also concerns a composition of the stainless steel powder, optional additional alloying elements and a high temperature lubricant.

Abstract: Metallurgical powder compositions are provided that include silicon carbide to enhance the strength, ductility, and machine-ability of the compacted and sintered parts made therefrom. The compositions generally contain a metal powder, such as an iron-based or nickel-based powder, that constitutes the major portion of the composition. Silicon carbide is blended with the metal powder, preferably in the form of a silicon carbide powder. Optionally, common alloying powders, lubricants, binding agents, and other powder metallurgy additives can be blended into the metallurgical composition. The metallurgical powder composition is used by compacting it in a die cavity to produce a “green” compact that is then sintered, preferably at relatively high temperatures.

Abstract: An iron-based mixed powder for use in powder metallurgy and excellent in die filling property and compressibility and without segregation, includes an iron-based powder in which alloying powder(s) is adhered to the surface by a binder and, further, a free lubricant. The iron-based powder includes a mixed iron powder of atomized iron powder and reduced iron powder.

Abstract: A carbon or low-alloy steel is provided with improved machinability. The carbon content of the steel is less than 1.5% and the sum of the alloy elements contained therein is less than 9%. The steel contains oxide and sulfide inclusions, and the chemical composition of the steel includes 0.1%≦Mn, 0.01%≦Al≦0.05%, 0.025%≦S≦0.3%, 0.002%≦Ca, O≦0.0015% by weight; the “KO oxides” cleanness index is less than 30, all the oxides are lime aluminates, and the average calcium content of type 2, type 3, type 4 and type 5 inclusions is less than 30%. A process of manufacturing such steel and an oxide-core wire for its manufacture are also provided.

Abstract: A process for producing a high-density iron-based green compact is provided that can form a green compact with a high density. Also provided is a process for producing a sintered compact from the green compact. A specified combination lubricant is applied to the surface of a die for compacting by electrical charging, wherein the combination lubricant includes a first lubricant having a melting point that is higher than a preset compacting temperature, and a second lubricant having a melting point that is lower than a compacting temperature. A heated iron-based powder mixture is filled into the die, followed by compacting, whereby a green compact is formed. The green compact can be sintered to provide a sintered compact.

Abstract: In broad terms, this process adds organic material to particulate solids and works the mix. Resolification in a unique way creates improved binding of the particulate solids. The particulate solids are materials such as metal, semi-metal, ceramic, glass, plastic, or rubber, alloy, composite, agglomerate, or other organic. The organic selection should remain solid in handling and may become liquid during compaction. These materials may consist of a liquid, solid or mixture selected from the group consisting of fatty acids; and amides, bisamides, soaps and salts of fatty acids, waxes, resin, oils, hydrogenated fats and oils, polymers, mold release or friction reducing agent. With lubricity enough to enable ejection of a molded compact, flow and adequately low molecular weight and formulation to enable clean burn off if desired.

Abstract: A high velocity oxygen fuel thermal spray powder comprising a superalloy having the formula MCrAlY—X, wherein M is at least one metal taken from the group consisting of nickel, cobalt, and iron; X is at least one reactive element taken from the group consisting of hafnium, rhenium, lanthanum, and tantalum; and yttrium is present in levels greater than 1% by weight of the total composition and up to about 6% by weight of the total composition. In addition, the powder may be blended with an agglomeration of M′CrAlY and a ceramic, wherein M′ is at least one metal taken from the group consisting of nickel, cobalt, and iron. The invention offers improved high temperature oxidation, corrosion and creep resistance.

Abstract: Metallurgical powder compositions are provided that include silicon carbide to enhance the strength, ductility, and machine-ability of the compacted and sintered parts made therefrom. The compositions generally contain a metal powder, such as an iron-based or nickel-based powder, that constitutes the major portion of the composition. Silicon carbide is blended with the metal powder, preferably in the form of a silicon carbide powder. Optionally, common alloying powders, lubricants, binding agents, and other powder metallurgy additives can be blended into the metallurgical composition. The metallurgical powder composition is used by compacting it in a die cavity to produce a “green” compact that is then sintered, preferably at relatively high temperatures.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a powdered niobium for a capacitor having a good specific leakage current value, a sintered body using the powdered niobium, a capacitor using the sintered body and production method of the capacitor. A powdered niobium for a capacitor, characterized in that the content of each of the elements such as iron, nickel, cobalt, silicon, sodium, potassium and magnesium is about 100 ppm by weight or less and/or the total content thereof is about 350 ppm by weight or less is used. A niobium sintered body or a capacitor is constructed using the powdered niobium. A niobium sintered body for a capacitor, comprises at least one of niobium monoxide crystal and a diniobium mononitride crystal.

Abstract: A bimetallic materials processing cylinder formed of a titanium carbide alloy via a vacuum melt process, for example at a pressure of about 10−4 Torr, the purpose of which being to utilize titanium as a main ingredient binded by the best available wear and corrosion resistant alloy that will “wet”, but not dissolve too much as a cermet, to thereby create a metallurgically bonded inside layer of a material processing bimetallic cylinder. The titanium carbide alloy is for example up to about 58 volumetric percent titanium carbide and the remaining volumetric percent is a predetermined bonding alloy. Preferred titanium carbide alloys are (by weight percent): titanium carbide at 24.80 to 53.60%, nickel at 44.30 to 29.20%, chromium at 13.50 to 6.00%, silicon at 3.60 to 1.75%, boron at 2.85 to 1.75%, molybdenum at 3.70 to 1.38%, copper at 1.50 to 0.46%, iron at a 3.00% maximum, carbon at a 0.45% maximum, and other materials at a 2.00% maximum.

Abstract: A method for producing composite powders based on silver-tin oxide, by chemically reductive precipitation of silver onto particulate tin oxide. A solution of a silver compound and a solution of a reducing agent are simultaneously added in stoichiometrically equivalent amounts, separately and continuously with intensive mixing, to an aqueous suspension of tin oxide.

Abstract: A mold powder characterized in that, a weight ratio of CaO to SiO2 in the mold powder is within a range of 0.50 to 1.20, the mold powder contains one or two or more species selected from a group consisting of oxides, carbonates, or fluorides of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, or other metals, and 0.5 to 5 percent by weight of carbon powder, Li2O content is within a range of 1 to 7 percent by weight, F content is within a range of 0.5 to 8.0 percent by weight, crystallization temperature is within a range of 1000 to 1200° C., surface tension at 1300° C. is 250 dyne/cm or more, and a relationship between viscosity &eegr; (poise) at 1300° C. and casting speed V (m/min) satisfies a range represented by an expression 6.0≦&eegr;V≦100.0. By the present invention, there is provided a mold powder which enables stable casting by reducing the likelihood of powder entrapment into the mold without giving rise to surface crack when casting with a thin-slab continuous caster.

Abstract: A manufacturing method for high-density iron-based powder compacts is disclosed. The temperature of the die is adjusted at ordinary temperature or at a predetermined temperature by preheating. A lubricant for die lubrication prepared by mixing at least two different lubricants having melting points higher than a predetermined temperature of the compaction pressure is sprayed at the upper part of the die and is introduced into the die and adhered by electrification to the surface of the die. The resulting die is filled with an iron-based mixed powder including a lubricant and molding is performed at ordinary temperature or at a temperature raised by heating.

Abstract: The present invention concerns powder compositions including iron-containing powders, additives, lubricant and flow agents. The powder compositions essentially consist of iron-containing particles having additive particles bonded thereto by a molten and subsequently solidified lubricant for the formation of aggregate particles and from about 0.005 to about 2 percent by weight of a flow agent having a particle size below 200 nanometers.

Abstract: A process for preparing carbonyl iron silicide comprises heat treatment of an iron/silicon mixture comprising a) from 20 to 99.9% by weight of finely divided carbonyl iron and b) from 0.1 to 80% by weight of finely divided silicon powder. Also provided are a carbonyl iron silicide obtainable by alloying carbonyl iron with silicon and a carbonyl iron suicide which has a higher inductance than carbonyl iron powder.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for the preparation of a lubricant composite for powder metallurgy including the steps of

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide an iron based blended powder for powder metallurgy that can provide a reformable sintered article that has a good sliding property with less variation in the property and a good impact resistance. More specifically, the iron based blended powder for powder metallurgy is formed by blending an atomized alloy iron powder with 0.01% to 1.0% of one or more types of compound powder containing B in terms of B, 1 to 10% of Ni powder, 1 to 6% of Cu powder, 1.3 to 3.0% of graphite powder by weight %, as well as 0.5 to 2.0 parts by weight of a lubricant with respect to 100 parts by weight of the total weight of said powder. The iron based blended powder for powder metallurgy wherein the atomized alloy iron powder comprises, by weight %, 0.03 to 1.00% of Mn, 0.5 to 4.0% of Cr, 0.03 to 0.

Abstract: An extrudable and weldable matrix alloy composite comprising: a) a base material metal of about 50 to 99.9% by weight, b) boron carbide or silicon carbide of about 0.1 to 50% by weight, c) less than about 3.0% by weight of at least one metal having an intermetallic phase temperature lower than the melting point of the base material metal, and d) a reinforcement agent of up to about 5% by weight.

Abstract: Improved methods for coating particulate materials at low shear conditions and preferably below the melting point of the coating material are provided. In one aspect, metallurgical compositions are provided that contain a metal-based powder bound to an alloying powder or powders by way of a low melting polymer or wax binding agent, which is preferably polyethylene. The binding agent is blended with the metal-based and alloying powders at elevated temperatures preferably below the melting point of the binding agent. The bonded metallurgical composition can be used in compaction processes to manufacture compacted parts that can be sintered to impart strength.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of making a cemented carbide with submicron WC grain size with a powder metallurgical technique including milling, pressing and sintering. The method includes milling all components except WC for about three hours, then adding the WC powder and milling for about ten additional hours. In this way a cemented carbide powder with acceptable low compacting pressure is obtained.

Abstract: Titanium based metal matrix composites reinforced with ceramic particulate are well known, based on a blend of titanium alloy powders with ceramic powders, e.g., aluminum oxide powders, utilizing a low energy ball milling process, followed by cold compacting and sintering to produce an appropriate composite. This prior art process is disadvantaged from the point of view that there are virtually no particles in the blend below the micrometer size range, which lack has a deleterious effect on the subsequent processing of the composite. This problem has been overcome by utilizing dry high energy intensive milling in the process, which has the effect of providing the necessary number of small particles below the micrometer size range as well as enhancing the reactivity of different particles with one another.

Abstract: A composition for forming molded metal containing articles having improved stability. More particularly, a corrosion resistant composition for forming injection molded articles having a sodium silicate corrosion inhibiting additive. The corrosion inhibitor prevents metal oxidation when a metal containing powder is mixed with a water based binder, providing stability to the article and preventing generation of hydrogen gas. This significantly enhances the shelf life of the moldable composition prior to molding.

Abstract: The invention relates to a Cr2O3-forming alloy that is resistant to oxidization and/or corrosion at high temperature, especially by glass, characterized in that it contains, in dispersion within its matrix, chromium oxide Cr2O3, or a precursor of this oxide. This alloy can be prepared by powder metallurgy using a process of hot consolidation of metallic powders, in particular by sintering. The alloy is especially suitable for articles which are to be used in a high-temperature oxidizing or corrosive environment.

Abstract: Metal powders are pressed into compacts more readily through the addition of a minor percentage of dimethyl sulfone binder. Dimethyl sulfone may be dry-blended with the metal powder by mixing it in the form of a powder, or it may be wet-blended by first dissolving it in a suitable solvent, then adding it to the metal powder and evaporating the solvent. Dimethyl sulfone may be almost completely removed from compacts pressed from tantalum, etc., either by vacuum distillation or by water leaching, to leave compacts uncontaminated by the binder and suitable for further processing into capacitor anodes, etc.

Abstract: The present invention intends to provide an iron-based powder composition for powder metallurgy having excellent flowability at room temperature and a warm compaction temperature, having improved compactibility enabling lowering ejection force in compaction, to provide a process for producing the iron-based powder composition, and to provide a process for producing a compact of a high density from the iron-based powder composition. The iron-based powder composition comprises an iron-based powder, a lubricant, and an alloying powder, and at least one of the iron-based powder, the lubricant, and the alloying powder is coated with at least one surface treatment agent selected from the group of surface treatment agents of organoalkoxysilanes, organosilazanes, titanate coupling agents, fluorine-containing silicon silane coupling agents.

Abstract: The invention concerns a lubricant for powder metallurgical compositions containing 10-60% by weight of a lithium salt of a fatty acid; 0-40% by weight of a zinc salt of a fatty acid and 40-90% by weight of a fatty acid bis-amide. 10-60% by weight of the lubricant is made up by the lithium and the zinc salt.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of manufacturing a bushing baseplate, and to a bushing baseplate. The bushing baseplate is characterized in that it comprises tips (18) constituted by hollow tubular elements of outside diameter slightly smaller than the inside diameter of holes (16) in the plate (12) forming the bushing baseplate, which tips are subjected to a step of being expanded radially relative to their axes. The method is simpler and less expensive.

Abstract: A mixed solder paste that reflows below 158° C., and, once reflowed, forms a solder alloy with a melting temperature at least 10° C. higher than the reflow temperature of the mixed solder paste, without ternary eutectic structures occurring at approximately 96° C., and with a uniform microstructure. The mixed solder paste according to the invention includes an eutectic or near eutectic tin-lead (Sn—Pb) solder powder, an eutectic or near eutectic lead-bismuth (Pb—Bi) solder powder, and a flux vehicle. The Sn—Pb solder powder and the Pb—Bi solder powder are mixed in a ratio between about 51:49 and about 77:23, but preferably between 55:45 and 65:35. These ratio result in a solder alloy with a mass consisting of 14% and about 25% Bi and between about 35% and about 45% Pb. The invention further provides a method for forming a mixed solder paste for low temperature soldering.

Abstract: A powder mixture suitable for use in providing a corrosion resistant coating on metal surface by thermal diffusion coating process. The powder mixture comprises a base metal powder of 0.1-5 wt. % of an additive consisting of at least one oxide of transition metals having particle size preferably of not more than 1 micron.

Abstract: The invention relates to a coating powder and method for its production. Said powder can be used in many technical fields, specially in machine and vehicle construction in chemical and petro-chemical installations. This coating powder has a hardmetal-like microstructure and consists of two cubic hard material phases, each of them representing a nucleus-external surface structure of a hard material particle. The hard material phase in the nucleus contains mostly Ti and C and the hard material phase in the external surface mostly Ti, a second metal and C, which are embedded in a binder phase containing at least one or more elements such as Ni, Co and Fe. According to the invention, said coating powder is characterized by the fact that no additional alloying element exists either in the hard material phase, in the binder phase or in both phases simultaneously.

Abstract: The object is to provide a powdered metal injection compacting composition adapted to give compacts free from deformation, cracking or blistering without being compromised in compactability or debinder characteristic and without the aid of a special jig.This composition comprises a metal powder and an organic binder comprising (A) a crystalline resin having a melting point of not less than 150.degree. C., (B) an organic compound the weight loss on heating of which begins at a temperature below 150.degree. C. and (C) a composite acrylic resin, the composite acrylic resin mentioned above being a resin obtainable by dispersing a solution comprising the following components (C1).about.(C3) in an aqueous medium containing a dispersant and carrying out a suspension polymerization reaction:(C1) an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer or an ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer,(C2) a (meth)acrylic ester monomer or a mixture of a (meth)acrylic ester monomer and a styrenic monomer, and(C3) a polymerization initiator.

Abstract: Provided are palladium-containing powders and a method and apparatus for manufacturing the palladium-containing particles of high quality, of a small size and narrow size distribution. An aerosol is generated from liquid feed and sent to a furnace, where liquid in droplets in the aerosol is vaporized to permit formation of the desired particles, which are then collected in a particle collector. The aerosol generation involves preparation of a high quality aerosol, with a narrow droplet size distribution, with close control over droplet size and with a high droplet loading suitable for commercial applications. Powders may have high resistance to oxidation of palladium. Multi-phase particles are provided including a palladium-containing metallic phase and a second phase that is dielectric. Electronic components are provided manufacturable using the powders.

Abstract: A dust core ferromagnetic powder comprises a ferromagnetic metal powder, an insulating material, and a lubricant. The insulating material comprises a phenol resin and/or a silicone resin, and the lubricant comprises at least one compound selected from the group consisting of magnesium stearate, calcium stearate, strontium stearate, and barium stearate. It is possible to achieve a dust core having high saturation magnetic flux density, low losses, and satisfactory permeability with its dependence on frequency being improved.

Abstract: A magnetic powder and a permanent magnet are provided which have magnetic properties enhanced by magnetic interaction. Disclosed are a magnetic powder comprising a mixture of two or more powders including a magnetic powder A (residual magnetic flux density: BrA, coercive force: HcA) and a magnetic powder B (residual magnetic flux density: BrB, coercive force: HcB) of which the residual magnetic flux densities and the coercive forces have the following relationships: BrA>BrB and HcA<HcB, and a bonded magnet or a sintered magnet produced from the magnetic powder, and a method for mixing magnetic powders and a process for producing a magnet.

Abstract: A raw material for powder metallurgy contains at least 0.5 vol % and at most 10 vol % of alumina powder of which the sieve fraction with a sieve opening of 30 .mu.m is at most 0.1 wt %, and a remaining part of aluminum alloy powder. The moisture content of the alumina powder is at most 0.15 wt. % with respect to the alumina powder. Agglomeration of particles is thereby minimized or avoided. Highly reliable raw material for powder metallurgy having superior fatigue strength, impact resistance and wear resistance can be obtained. A method of preparing such a mixed powder raw material involves air classifying the powder materials, dry ball mixing the materials, and then annealing the mixed powder.

Abstract: An iron-based powder which is a mixture comprising a major proportion of a first alloy powder, a minor proportion of a second alloy powder and a proportion of a solid lubricant. The first alloy powder consists of, in weight percentages, 14 to 30 chromium, 1 to 5 molybdenum, 0 to 5 vanadium, 0 to 6 tungsten, the total of molybdenum, vanadium and tungsten being at least 3, a total of 0 to 5 of other strong carbide forming elements, 0 to 1.5 silicon, carbon with a minimum level sufficient to form carbides with substantially all of the molybdenum, vanadium, tungsten, and any other strong carbide forming elements present, and a balance which is iron and incidental impurities. The second alloy powder is an austenitic stainless steel.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for the preparation of a free flowing agglomerated iron-based powder comprising mixing dry ingredients of: a) 63-95% by weight of a fine base powder consisting essentially of iron and having a particle size essentially less than 75 .mu.m; b) 5-20% by weight of a lubricating phase having a particle size essentially less than 120 .mu.m, preferably less than 60 .mu.m; c) 0-15% by weight of a hard phase material having a particle size essentially less than 10 .mu.m; and d) 0-7% of additives in a mixing chamber; evacuating the mixing chamber; filling the mixing chamber with an insert gas, mixing the ingredients with at most 1% by weight of a binding agent, and adding a solvent and drying the obtained powder.

Abstract: A brazing powder comprises a single powder or mixture powder that is composed of one or more type of elements consisting of Al, Si and Zn, having the composition of Al--Si--Zn hypereutectic alloy in terms of the total amount. The brazing powder comprises above 15% but up to 60% by weight of Si and 5% to 30% by weight of Zn.

Abstract: A ferromagnetic powder composition for dust cores contains a ferromagnetic metal powder and 0.1-15% by volume based on the powder of titania sol and/or zirconia sol. The composition is pressure molded and desirably annealed into a dust core which exhibits a high magnetic flux density, low coercivity, low loss and high mechanical strength.

Abstract: A method of making hydrogen storage powder resistant to fracture in service involves forming a melt having the appropriate composition for the hydrogen storage material, such, for example, LaNi.sub.5 and other AB.sub.5 type materials and AB.sub.5+x materials, where x is from about -2.5 to about +2.5, including x=0, and the melt is gas atomized under conditions of melt temperature and atomizing gas pressure to form generally spherical powder particles. The hydrogen storage powder exhibits improved chemcial homogeneity as a result of rapid solidfication from the melt and small particle size that is more resistant to microcracking during hydrogen absorption/desorption cycling. A hydrogen storage component, such as an electrode for a battery or electrochemical fuel cell, made from the gas atomized hydrogen storage material is resistant to hydrogen degradation upon hydrogen absorption/desorption that occurs for example, during charging/discharging of a battery.

Abstract: The invention relates to bullets having increased frangibility (or which can be easily fragmented) and to materials and processes for the manufacture of such bullets. The bullets of the present invention are typically made from copper or copper alloy powders (including brass, bronze and dispersion strengthened copper) which are pressed and then sintered under conditions so as to obtain bullets with the desired level of frangibility. In preferred embodiments of the invention, the bullets also contain several additives that increase or decrease their frangibility.

Abstract: A thermal spray powder consists of nickel, chromium and carbon. The chromium consists of a first portion and a second portion, the nickel being alloyed with the first portion in an alloy matrix. The second portion and the carbon are combined into chromium carbide substantially as Cr.sub.3 C.sub.2 or Cr.sub.7 C.sub.3 or a combination thereof, with the chromium carbide being in the form of precipitates between 0.1 .mu.m and 5 .mu.m distributed uniformly in the alloy matrix.

Abstract: The present invention provides an improved electrically conductive composition for a solar cell. The composition of the present invention exhibits promoted grain growth and densification to thereby facilitate sintering of a thick film electrode. Moreover, the composition enables firing to be performed at a low temperature. The electrically conductive composition comprises Ag powder; at least one metal selected from among V, Mo, and W or a compound thereof; and an organic vehicle. The V, Mo, W or a compound these metals is added in an amount of about 0.2-16 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the Ag powder.