Abstract: An amplitude expected value data generator generates amplitude expected value data that represents, in increments of sampling points, which of multiple amplitude segments the amplitude of a modulated signal waveform that corresponds to the expected value of data to be output from a device under test belongs to. A demodulator performs sampling of the signal waveform to be tested received from the device under test, and generates judgment data that represents, in increments of sampling points, which of the multiple amplitude segments the amplitude of the signal waveform belongs to. A judgment unit makes a comparison between the amplitude expected value data and the judgment data in increments of sampling points.

Abstract: A method for detecting electromagnetic waves derived from bacterial DNA, comprising extracting and purifying nucleic acids from a sample; diluting the extracted purified nucleic acids in an aqueous solvent; measuring a low frequency electromagnetic emission over time from the diluted extracted purified nucleic acids in an aqueous solvent; performing a signal analysis of the low frequency electromagnetic emission over time; and producing an output, based on the signal analysis, in dependence on the DNA in the sample. The DNA may be extracted from at least one of blood, feces, urine, saliva, tears, seminal fluid, sweat, seminal and vaginal fluids of a patient, or water to determine, e.g., potability. The samples may be frozen. The extracting and purifying may comprise diluting the sample with an aqueous buffer and mixing; degrading proteins in the diluted sample; precipitating DNA from the buffer solution; and resuspending the precipitated DNA in an aqueous solution.

Abstract: A signal detection apparatus for a serial attached SCSI (SAS) device includes an SAS female connector to be connected to a SAS device, an SAS male connector to be connected to a system, and first to fourth pairs of subminiature version A (SMA) connectors. When the first pair of SMA connectors is connected to an oscillograph to detect a pair of output signals from the SAS device, the second and third pairs of SMA connectors connect the SAS device with the system. When the second pair of SMA connector is connected to the oscillograph to detect another pair of output signals from the SAS device, the first and fourth pairs of SMA connectors connect the SAS device with the system.

Abstract: An analysis method for a signal time margin is provided. An input signal is received. The input signal is extracted to obtain a primary waveform, at least one first secondary waveform and at least one second secondary waveform of the input signal. The first secondary waveform and the second secondary waveform are respectively located before and after the primary waveform. Quantities of the first secondary waveform and the second secondary waveform are counted to respectively generate a first quantity and a second quantity. According to the first quantity, the primary waveform and the first secondary waveform, first bit combinations are generated, and according to the second quantity, the primary waveform and the second secondary waveform, second bit combinations are generated. The first and second bit combinations are integrated to generate third bit combinations. Signal analysis is performed on the third bit combinations to obtain a signal time margin.

Abstract: A method of measuring the total harmonic distortion in an electrical distribution system. The distribution system is sampled regularly to generate a set of data. The data is filtered using a narrow band filtering algorithm to measure the energy in fundamental and other harmonic frequencies. Due to the filtering, the energy in harmonic frequencies can be measured without interference from broadband noise, which provides an improvement in the measurement of total harmonic distortion at low current or voltage levels. A method is provided to sum the energy in identified frequencies in a multi-pass configuration, such that only a subset of all monitored frequencies are filtered and summed in each pass, with the balance being filtered and measured in subsequent passes. After all subsets are measured, the total harmonic distortion is calculated.

Abstract: A method and device are provided for fast impedance measurement of a biological object having dynamically varying in time parameters, wherein a titlet shaped pulse is introduced into the object and a voltage response signal is measured and analyzed by a processing unit for estimating the impedance of the object. The titlet pulse has a start frequency substantially in one end of the frequency range of interest and a stop frequency substantially in the other end of the frequency range of interest and a duration of the titlet pulse is one cycle or less.

Abstract: A common tangent line drawn between a rise portion present from the origin to a second reference voltage and a rise portion corresponding to the second reference voltage can be easily generated through a waveform conversion. A transient recovery voltage measuring device includes a memory storing a transient recovery voltage waveform of a multiple frequency, a waveform conversion unit converting the transient recovery voltage waveform, a wave height determination unit determining two points having the same maximum value on the converted waveform, an adjustment unit adjusting the proportional constant of the waveform conversion unit to determine those two points by the wave height determination unit, a contact point detection unit obtaining two points corresponding to the determined two points determined by the wave height determination unit, and a tangent line generation unit generating a first tangent line passing through the detected two points on the transient recovery voltage waveform.

Abstract: A testing method or apparatus utilizes multiple frequencies applied to a device under test for measuring newly discovered frequency modulation effects. An embodiment may include a lower frequency signal with a smaller amplitude higher frequency signal to test a dynamic change in frequency response, gain, and or phase. This dynamic test can reveal frequency modulation effects. Another embodiment may include the use of a multiple frequency signal to dynamically induce a time varying phase or frequency distortion for the device that has differential phase distortion. The device's output is then measured with an FM detector to measure a shift in one of the frequencies used in the test signal or to measure frequency modulation effects of any signals, including distortion products, from the device.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a multi-channel PWM waveform measuring device, and more particularly, to a multi-channel PWM waveform measuring device which maximally prevents the loss of an expensive power semiconductor device during the diagnostic process of a complex servo drive and reduces damage of the PCB of the servo drive in order to restore the servo drive safely and quickly. In a multi-channel PWM waveform measuring device for checking a PWM output state of a main control PCB of a servo drive, provided are: a measurement jig outputting a measurement signal to a communication cable through a plurality of probes, which are pre-installed corresponding to each of the measurement points of an inverter and converter for measuring PWM waveforms, wherein the main control PCB of a detachable servo drive, i.e.

Abstract: A testing method or apparatus utilizes multiple frequencies applied to a device under test for measuring newly discovered frequency modulation effects. An embodiment may include a lower frequency signal with a smaller amplitude higher frequency signal to test a dynamic change in frequency response, gain, and or phase. This dynamic test can reveal frequency modulation effects. Another embodiment may include the use of a multiple frequency signal or a modulated signal such as an amplitude modulated to dynamically induce a time varying phase or frequency distortion for the device that has differential phase distortion.

Abstract: In a method for current measurement in a multiphase current network, a conductive connection is produced between a plurality of the phases of the multiphase current network such that the plurality of the phases is short-circuited with one another. At a detection time, a current value flowing between the conductive connection and a first voltage potential is detected.

Abstract: A parameter calculating apparatus includes a signal generator that generates at least two input signals which each contain different frequency components; a signal inputting unit that inputs the input signals generated by the signal generator to respective ports of a test object at the same time; a frequency component deconstructing unit that deconstructs an output signal which is obtained by synthesizing the input signals input by the signal inputting unit and output from an output port into the frequency components; and a parameter calculator that calculates parameters which indicate transfer coefficients among ports of the test object based on output values of the frequency components obtained via the deconstruction performed by the frequency component deconstructing unit and on input values of the frequency components of the input signals input at the same time to a plurality of ports.

Abstract: An analog unit having a multiple-channel configuration among analog units included in a sequencer system is such that an AC signal as a measurement target, which is captured by a CT sensor, can be directly input to each of a plurality of channels, and the analog unit includes a setting unit that sets, in an internal memory, an abnormality-determination peak current value and an abnormal peak current duration, which are applied to the AC signal as a measurement target, for each of the channels, and a detecting unit that, when the AC signal as a measurement target includes an AC signal that maintains a state where a peak value exceeds the abnormality-determination peak current value for the abnormal peak current duration, detects generation of an abnormal alternating current in each of the channels.

Abstract: A pre-channelized spectrum analyzer utilizes a channelizer as a preprocessor for parallel-configured low-resolution spectrum analyzers so as to perform as a high resolution spectrum analyzer. The pre-channelized spectrum analyzer has a polyphase filter that channelizes a signal input and an IFFT that generates filter bank outputs derived from the channelized signal. Spectrum analyzers are in communications with the filter bank outputs so as to generate a spectral decomposition of a subset of those outputs. The spectrum analyzers each perform a window and an FFT function on a corresponding one of the filter bank subset.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for multi-resolution multi-bandwidth spectral signal estimation is provided herein. During operation, a plurality of detectors is provided to determine if an input signal is above a predetermined threshold. The input signal comprises a first frequency range having a first bandwidth. If it is determined that the input signal of the first bandwidth is above a first predetermined threshold, then the same plurality of detectors are used to further analyze sub-bands of the first frequency range, each sub-band having a second bandwidth less than the first bandwidth. The further analysis determines if an input signal to a detector is above a second predetermined threshold.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a first oscilloscope having multiple channels, and a second oscilloscope having multiple channels. The first oscilloscope is configured to operate as a master or as a slave. The first oscilloscope operates as the master by using a first trigger signal and a first clock signal that are native to the first oscilloscope, and the first oscilloscope operates as the slave by using a second trigger signal and a second clock signal that are native to the second oscilloscope. The second oscilloscope is configured to operate as the master or as the slave. The second oscilloscope operates as the master by using the second trigger signal and the second clock signal, and the second oscilloscope operates as the slave by using the first trigger signal and the first clock signal.

Abstract: Circuitry includes a pre-amplifier having a differential output, where the differential output corresponds to a common mode voltage; a multiplexer including sets of transistors, each of which has a control input; a comparator including input terminals, a first terminal of the input terminals to receive a signal that is based on an output of the multiplexer, and a second terminal of the input terminals to receive a threshold voltage; a compensation circuit to produce a divided voltage that varies in accordance with variations in the common mode voltage; and an amplifier to receive a predefined voltage and to use the divided voltage to affect the predefined voltage to produce the threshold voltage for the comparator. Signals in the differential output of the pre-amplifier are applicable to corresponding control inputs in the sets of transistors.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for detecting a fault condition on a power system. By rectifying power system phase voltages to produce a rectified waveform, and filtering the rectified waveform or a representation of the rectified waveform through a finite gain synchronous band pass filter to generate a synchronous band pass filter output waveform that indicates the magnitude of a predefined harmonic frequency component, a fault condition on a power system can be identified.

Abstract: Circuitry includes a comparator to compare an input analog signal to a threshold and to output a signal that is based on the comparison; a first circuit path to receive the signal and to detect a characteristic of the signal, where the first circuit path is configured to support triggering at a first frequency; a second circuit path to receive the signal and to detect the characteristic of the signal, where the second circuit path is configured to support triggering at a second frequency that is lower than the first frequency; and a selector to select an output of the first circuit path or an output of the second circuit path.

Abstract: A method for digital triggering of a digital recording of a digitized measurement signal having a superimposed noise signal. The method includes generating from the digitized measurement signal a digital triggering signal for the digital triggering of the digital recording of the measurement signal, and performing band-limitation of the noise signal superimposed on the digitized measurement signal via a low-pass filtering before the digital triggering signal is generated. The bandwidth of the low-pass filtering is adjusted dependent upon edge steepness of the measurement signal, in order to reduce variance ?t2 in jitter of the digital triggering signal.

Abstract: In one embodiment, an apparatus comprises a nano-scale spectrum sensor configured to be electromagnetically excitable at a predetermined frequency based on received ambient electromagnetic radiation. The apparatus is also configured to be able to use this excitation of the nano-scale spectrum sensor to thereby determine ambient electromagnetic radiation spectrum usage.

Abstract: A method for characterizing the effect of each step attenuator state, on phase and amplitude, which may include in an exemplary embodiment: activating each step attenuator state as the sole contributor to attenuation, and measuring at least one of a step attenuator amplitude contribution (SAAC) and/or a step attenuator phase contribution (SAPC).

Abstract: A method for detecting electromagnetic waves derived from bacterial DNA, comprising extracting and purifying nucleic acids from a sample; diluting the extracted purified nucleic acids in an aqueous solvent; measuring a low frequency electromagnetic emission over time from the diluted extracted purified nucleic acids in an aqueous solvent; performing a signal analysis of the low frequency electromagnetic emission over time; and producing an output, based on the signal analysis, in dependence on the DNA in the sample. The DNA may be extracted from at least one of blood, feces, urine, saliva, tears, seminal fluid, sweat, seminal and vaginal fluids of a patient, or water to determine, e.g., potability. The samples may be frozen. The extracting and purifying may comprise diluting the sample with an aqueous buffer and mixing; degrading proteins in the diluted sample; precipitating DNA from the buffer solution; and resuspending the precipitated DNA in an aqueous solution.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the present disclosure provide methods, systems, and devices for monitoring one or more utilities consumed within a monitored area. At least certain disclosed methods include detecting an amount of a first utility consumed by a load associated with a device. An amount of a second utility consumed by a load associated with the device is detected. The identity of the device is determined based on the amount of the first and second utility consumed. In further disclosed methods, a utility monitoring method is disclosed that includes measuring an amount of a utility consumed by a first device at a first time and an amount of a utility consumed by a second device at a second time. The identity of the first device is determined based on the measured consumption of the first and second devices at the first and second time. In certain implementations, the electricity meter uses an effective variance analysis of the conductance waveform on an electrical circuit to identify specific appliances.

Abstract: An apparatus and method determine a dielectric access in a portable terminal. The method includes generating a TX signal of a specific frequency band by performing frequency conversion, modulation, and digital/analog conversion. The method also includes detecting the power of the TX signal and converting the detected power using Analog-to-Digital Conversion (ADC). The method further includes loading an ADC table defining values for determining the approach/withdrawal of a dielectric to/from the portable terminal, and comparing the power of the TX signal and the ADC table to determine the approach/withdrawal of a dielectric to/from the portable terminal.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for determining a trigger in a test and measurement apparatus are provided. The method includes the steps of indicating one or more anomalies to be found, loading a first trigger configuration to the test and measurement apparatus and determining for a first predetermined time period whether an input signal generates a trigger related to one or more of the one or more anomalies. A second trigger configuration is loaded to the test and measurement apparatus upon the conclusion of the first predetermined time, and for a second predetermined time it is determined whether the input signal generates a trigger related to one or more of the one or more anomalies.

Abstract: Methods, circuits, architectures, apparatuses, and algorithms for determining a DC level in an AC or AC-coupled signal. The method generally includes disabling the AC or AC-coupled signal; sampling the disabled AC or AC-coupled signal to obtain sampled DC values of the AC or AC-coupled signal; and calculating the DC level using the sampled DC values of the AC or AC-coupled signal. The present transmitter generally includes an electro-absorption modulated laser (EML); a photodetector; a signal source configured to provide an AC or AC-coupled signal to the EML; and a microcontroller or microprocessor configured to (i) control the signal source, (ii) receive information from the photodetector, and (iii) deactivate the signal source for a predetermined length of time. The circuits, architectures, and apparatuses generally include those that embody one or more of the inventive concepts disclosed herein.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a frequency generator produces an excitation signal, a local oscillator signal, and a reference signal at a difference frequency of the excitation signal and local oscillator signal. The excitation signal is applied to a physical system to produce a response signal, which is mixed with the local oscillator signal. A filter selects a difference frequency component. The frequencies of the excitation signal and/or local oscillator signal are varied, such that the magnitude of the difference frequency is constant, but a sign of the difference frequency changes from positive to negative. The phase shift of the difference frequency component, with respect to the reference signal, at each of the two signs of the difference frequency, is measured. The measured phase shift at the negative sign is subtracted from the measured phase shift at the positive sign, and the difference is divided in half, to produce a result.

Abstract: A method for power measurement includes applying a nonlinear function to a Radio Frequency (RF) signal that includes a modulated component and a spurious component, so as to produce a broadband signal that includes a Direct-Current (DC) component, a baseband component and one or more High-Frequency (HF) components. The broadband signal is Band-Pass (BP) filtered so as to produce a bandpass signal from which the DC and HF components are removed. Based on the bandpass signal, a power of the modulated component in the RF signal is estimated irrespective of the spurious component.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a configurable process variation monitoring circuit of a die and monitoring method thereof. The monitoring method includes a ring oscillator, a frequency divider and a frequency detector. The ring oscillator includes a plurality of first standard cells, a plurality of second standard cells and a plurality of multiplexers. The ring oscillator generates an oscillation signal in a first mode or a second mode according to a selection signal. The frequency divider is coupled to the ring oscillator and divides the oscillation signal by a value to generate a divided signal. The frequency divider is coupled to the frequency divider and counts periods of the divided signal by a base clock to generate an output value where the output value is related to the process variation.

Abstract: The main object of the invention is to provide an electromagnetic wave resonator making use of surface waves: an electromagnetic wave resonator structure capable of being achieved with existing technologies yet without much difficulty and applying voltage to a positive dielectric area, thereby overcoming a variety of problems arising from the fact that only thermal excitation is available. The contact structure of negative dielectric/positive dielectric/negative dielectric necessary for this type of electromagnetic wave resonator is provided on the surface of the negative dielectric material 1 just as the coaxial structure of the positive dielectric thin film 3 extending in the Y-axis direction and the negative dielectric material 2 received therein is cut in the axial direction.

Abstract: An oscillograph can identify signals of a serial data bus. The signal identifying method triggers communication channels of the oscillograph, measures a rise time and a fall time for each captured signal, and sets a sender terminal (ST) and a receiver terminal (RT) for each of the captured signals according to the measured results. The signal identifying method determines the ST and RT for each of the captured signals after the oscillograph is triggered. If the determined ST of each of the acquired signals is identical to the set ST and the determined RT of the each of the acquired signals is identical with the set RT, the signal identifying process is completed and a report is generated to record the signal identifying result.

Abstract: A signal detection apparatus for a serial attached SCSI (SAS) device includes an SAS female connector to be connected to a SAS device, an SAS male connector to be connected to a system, and first to fourth pairs of subminiature version A (SMA) connectors. When the first pair of SMA connectors is connected to an oscillograph to detect a pair of output signals from the SAS device, the second and third pairs of SMA connectors connect the SAS device with the system. When the second pair of SMA connector is connected to the oscillograph to detect another pair of output signals from the SAS device, the first and fourth pairs of SMA connectors connect the SAS device with the system.

Abstract: An integrated circuit capable of on-chip jitter tolerance measurement includes a jitter generator circuit to produce a controlled amount of jitter that is injected into at least one clock signal, and a receive circuit to sample an input signal according to the at least one clock signal. The sampled data values output from the receiver are used to evaluate the integrated circuit's jitter tolerance.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for measuring the duty cycle of a clock signal, the apparatus having a first multi-tap delay module, a second multi-tap delay module, and a multi-element detecting module, the input terminal of the first multi-tap delay module and the input terminal of the second multi-tap delay module coupled to an input node IN, the first multi-tap delay module receiving the clock signal and then providing it a first constant incremental delay at each tap, the second multi-tap delay module receiving the same clock signal CLK and then providing it a second constant incremental delay at each tap, and the multi-element detecting module determining the ratio of the number of outputs of the multi-element detecting module in which the sampled clock level is high with respect to the total number of steps covering one complete clock cycle.

Abstract: An analysis circuit for analysing the RF response of an RF circuit, includes a voltage controlled oscillator (12), wherein a signal derived from voltage controlled oscillator output is applied as input to the RF circuit (10). A first mixer (18) mixes the RF circuit output with a first mixer signal derived from the voltage controlled oscillator and a second mixer (20) mixes the RF circuit unit output with a second mixer signal derived from the voltage controlled oscillator, the first and second mixer signals being 90 degrees out of phase. The mixer output signals are processed to provide the analysis. This analysis circuit uses mixers to enable baseband digital signal processing of signals to enable a frequency response characteristic of the RF circuit to be obtained. The analysis circuit essentially operates in the manner of an IF demodulator circuit.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for determining AC voltage waveform anomalies. The apparatus comprises a threshold generator for generating at least one time-variant threshold based on information regarding an AC voltage waveform. The apparatus further comprises a threshold detector for comparing a sample of the AC voltage waveform to the at least one time-variant threshold to identify an AC voltage waveform anomaly.

Abstract: A pulse detection device detects a pulse signal having an intermediate potential in a predefined period. Furthermore, the pulse detection device includes a signal fixing section that fixes the intermediate potential of the pulse signal at a low level or a high level. Furthermore, the signal fixing section is preferably a pull-down resistor or a pull-up resistor connected to an input signal line to which the pulse signal is input. Note that a pulse detection method may fix the intermediate potential of the pulse signal at a low level or a high level.

Abstract: A method for measuring non-linear characteristics of a power amplifier is described. A calibration waveform is calculated during a testing procedure period. Amplitude characteristics of the calibration waveform at the output of the power amplifier are measured during the testing procedure period. Phase characteristics of the calibration waveform at the output of the power amplifier are measured during the testing procedure period. Pre-distortion techniques are configured based on the amplitude characteristics and the phase characteristics to be used during a normal operation period of a transmitter.

Abstract: A method of measuring the total harmonic distortion in an electrical distribution system. The distribution system is sampled regularly to generate a set of data. The data is filtered using a narrow band filtering algorithm to measure the energy in fundamental and other harmonic frequencies. Due to the filtering, the energy in harmonic frequencies can be measured without interference from broadband noise, which provides an improvement in the measurement of total harmonic distortion at low current or voltage levels. A method is provided to sum the energy in identified frequencies in a multi-pass configuration, such that only a subset of all monitored frequencies are filtered and summed in each pass, with the balance being filtered and measured in subsequent passes. After all subsets are measured, the total harmonic distortion is calculated.

Abstract: A waveform measuring apparatus includes: a digital filter for removing a large-amplitude changing component from an input signal and for outputting a resultant output signal with a small-amplitude noise component left therein; a window generating section for receiving a differential signal between this input signal and the resultant output signal of the digital filter and for generating a window indicating a position of an edge portion of the differential signal; and a ringing measurement section for extracting, from the resultant output signal of the digital filter, a portion of waveform which is indicated by the window generated by the window generating section and for measuring at least a peak-to-peak amplitude of the portion of waveform.

Abstract: Circuitry includes a pre-amplifier having a differential output, where the differential output corresponds to a common mode voltage; a multiplexer including sets of transistors, each of which has a control input; a comparator including input terminals, a first terminal of the input terminals to receive a signal that is based on an output of the multiplexer, and a second terminal of the input terminals to receive a threshold voltage; a compensation circuit to produce a divided voltage that varies in accordance with variations in the common mode voltage; and an amplifier to receive a predefined voltage and to use the divided voltage to affect the predefined voltage to produce the threshold voltage for the comparator. Signals in the differential output of the pre-amplifier are applicable to corresponding control inputs in the sets of transistors.

Abstract: An embodiment of the invention is directed to a pulse measuring system that measures a characteristic of an input pulse under test, particularly the pulse shape of a single-shot, nano-second duration, high shape-contrast optical or electrical pulse. An exemplary system includes a multi-stage, passive pulse replicator, wherein each successive stage introduces a fixed time delay to the input pulse under test, a repetitively-gated electronic sampling apparatus that acquires the pulse train including an entire waveform of each replica pulse, a processor that temporally aligns the replicated pulses, and an averager that temporally averages the replicated pulses to generate the pulse shape of the pulse under test. An embodiment of the invention is directed to a method for measuring an optical or an electrical pulse shape. The method includes the steps of passively replicating the pulse under test with a known time delay, temporally stacking the pulses, and temporally averaging the stacked pulses.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a non-contact arc detection, recognition, and warning apparatus for the detection of arcing in an electrical system. The apparatus includes an electric field detector having first and second electric field sensors adapted to sense electric fields; a magnetic field detector having a multi-axis magnetic field sensor adapted to detect a magnetic field; and a digital signal processor. The digital signal processor compares and enhances signals obtained from the electric field detector and the magnetic field detector and creates a response to alert a user of the presence of arcing.

Abstract: There is provided a waveform observing apparatus with a reduced depth in such a manner that the waveform observing apparatus is one including a terminal board, connecting wiring extending from external equipment, a memory for receiving measured data through the terminal board, to store the measured data, and a display for displaying the measured data in waveform, the apparatus including: a first intra-body substrate, installed in an erect state inside a body frame of the waveform observing apparatus; a plurality of first connectors, provided on the first intra-body substrate; and a measurement module, which is connector-connected to the first connector of the first intra-body substrate, to be installed between the first intra-body substrate and the terminal board, and also includes a measurement circuit, wherein a plurality of measurement modules are detachable in an aligned state with respect to the erect first intra-body substrate.

Abstract: A signal x is reconstructed by measuring the signal x as a vector y of measurements yi, wherein the measurements yi are distorted, and each measurement yi has an associated value. The measurements yi in the vector y are ordered according to the associated values, wherein each sorted measurement has an index corresponding to the ordering to form an ordered index sequence. Then, a reconstruction method is applied to the ordered index sequence to produce an estimate {circumflex over (X)} of the signal x.

Abstract: A method of determining a timing relationship between modules on a chip, each module being timed by an initiator. The timing relationship being determined on the basis of the power consumptions over time of the initiators and may be determined on the basis of e.g. a sum of the power consumptions or more complex calculations also incorporating the signal path or power delivery network, whereby a voltage drop or current drawn at a position in the chip may be determined. In addition, a parameter, which may be the sum or voltage drop, current or e.g. an energy content within a frequency range, may be determined. This parameter may be varied by e.g. providing different timing relations of initiators, in order to minimize the parameter or adapt it to a requirement as a maximum peak value, maximum difference between max and min peaks, a flatness criteria or the like.

Abstract: A system for testing radio frequency (RF) communications of a device capable of such communications is provided. The system includes a chamber for isolating the device from RF interference, an antenna that is suitable for RF communications with the device wherein the antenna is capable of communications over a range of frequencies, the antenna being located within the chamber, and a digital communication link for providing non-RF communications with the device.

Abstract: A coaxial cable connector is provided, the connector includes: a connector body and a ground isolation circuit positioned within the connector body. The ground isolation circuit is configured to generate a voltage signal comprising a positive voltage and a negative voltage. The ground isolation circuit is electrically isolated from the connector body.

Abstract: In a method for current measurement in a multiphase current network, a conductive connection is produced between a plurality of the phases of the multiphase current network such that the plurality of the phases is short-circuited with one another. At a detection time, a current value flowing between the conductive connection and a first voltage potential is detected.