Abstract: New compounds including bis-.beta.-hydroxy ethyl bibenzoate containing less than 2.5%, and preferably less than 1%, diethylene glycol and a process for the production of the bis-.beta.-hydroxy ethyl bibenzoate by the condensation of 4,4'-biphenyl dicarboxylic acid and ethylene glycol at low temperature and pressure in the presence of a catalyst are disclosed. Use of the compounds to produce polyesters is also disclosed.

Abstract: This invention relates to substituted and unsubstituted ???(aryl- and heteroaryl-) alkyl-, alkyloxy-, alkylthio-, oxo-, thio-, and alkylamino!- heteroaryl and aryl!- alkylamino-, aminoalkyl-, alkyloxy-, and alkylthio!- aryl and heteroaryl compounds of the formula ##STR1## and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, which are useful as antagonists of the pain enhancing effects of E-type prostaglandins, to processes for the preparation of such compounds, to pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds, and to methods for treating pain comprising the administration of such compounds.

Abstract: Described herein are polyesters and polyamides which contain repeat units derived from novel dicarboxylic acids comprising arylene groups having ortho ethers substituted thereon. Also disclosed are novel compounds from which these polymers can be made. The polymers are especially useful for molding resins and coatings.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I) wherein R.sup.1 -R.sup.7, R.sup.10, X and the dotted bond have the meaning given in the specification, bind selectively to retinoid RXR receptors and are useful as antiproliferative agents for dermatological and oncological indications.

Abstract: The composition and methods of synthesis of phosphorus prodrugs are described. These methods can be used to convert negatively charged phosphorous bearing drugs into neutrally charged; lipid soluble prodrugs which are able to passively diffuse into cells and into tissues in vivo. Prodrugs for a variety of antiviral and anti-leukemic agents are described.

Abstract: Known (R)-1-aryl-alkylamines of the formula ##STR1## in whichR.sup.1 and Ar have the meanings indicated in the description, are prepared by a new process, which comprisesa) reacting a racemate of an ethyl or methyl 2-aryl-alkanoate of the formula ##STR2## with ammonia in the presence of a lipase which is suitable for the cleavage of esters, in the presence of a diluent,b) separating off from the reaction mixture the resulting (R)-2-aryl-alkanamide of the formula ##STR3## and then reacting it with sodium hypochlorite or sodium hypobromite in the presence of water.

Abstract: Tricyclic retinoids having activity for retinoic acid receptors and/or retinoid X receptors are provided. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions incorporating such tricyclic retinoid compounds and methods for their therapeutic use.

Abstract: Tricyclic retinoids having activity for retinoic acid receptors and/or retinoid X receptors are provided. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions incorporating such tricyclic retinoid compounds and methods for their therapeutic use.

Abstract: Tricyclic retinoids having activity for retinoic acid receptors and/or retinoid X receptors are provided. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions incorporating such tricyclic retinoid compounds and methods for their therapeutic use.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for preparation of an ester comprising reacting a carboxylic acid and an alcohol in the presence of an esterific catalyst comprising at least one compound selected from the group consisting of halides, nitrates, carboxylates, alcoholates and acetylacetone complexes of metals of the titanium group. According to the present process, substantially equal equivalent of the alcohol and the acid can be reacted completely. In addition, the present invention further provides a purification process to eliminate the catalyst from homogeneous reaction system completely.

Abstract: The present invention relates to catalytic asymmetric hydrogenation of phosphorus analogs of itaconic acid to synthesize novel optically active phosphono succinates.

Abstract: Diphenylheteroalkyl derivatives of the formula I ##STR1## where A and R.sup.1 -R.sup.6 have the meanings specified in the description, and the preparation thereof are described.The substances are suitable for controlling diseases and as cosmetic agents.

Abstract: A process for preparing a carboxylic acid ester which includes subjecting a carboxylic acid and an alcohol or a phenol to an esterification reaction in the presence of a silica-titania catalyst. The silica-titania catalyst is prepared by adding an acidic solution containing a silicon compound and a titanium compound dissolved therein to a solution of a basic compound to bring about co-precipitation, in which the acidic solution is a nitric acid-acidic solution or a sulfuric acid-acidic solution, a ratio of the amount (gram equivalent) of nitric acid or sulfuric acid to the amount (mol) of the silicon compound in the acidic solution is 0.5 to 50 and the amount of the titanium compound in the acidic solution is such that a ratio of titania (TiO.sub.2) in the silica-titania catalyst is 1 to 50% by weight.

Abstract: This invention is directed to compounds having the structure: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently the same as or different from each other; when R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are the same, each is a substituted or unsubstituted arylamino, cycloalkylamino, pyridineamino, piperidino, 9-purine-6-amine or thiazoleamino group; when R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are different, R.sub.1 =R.sub.3 --N--R.sub.4, and n is an integer from about 4 to about 8. This invention also provides a method of selectively inducing terminal differentiation of neoplastic cells and thereby inhibiting proliferation of such cells. The invention further provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising a therapeutically effective amount of the compounds of the present invention and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

Abstract: A polycyclic aromatic compound having the formula ##STR1## and its salts have useful therapeutic and cosmetic action particularly in psoriasis.In the formula, X represents --CH.dbd.CH--, O or S,R.sub.1 represents hydrogen, branched alkyl having 3-15 carbon atoms, alkoxy having 1-6 carbon atoms or 1-adamantyl, R.sub.2 represents hydroxy, hydrogen, linear or branched alkyl having 1-15 carbon atoms or alkoxy having 1-6 carbon atoms, with the proviso that R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are not simultaneously hydrogen, or R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 together with the adjacent carbon atoms of the naphthalene ring form a 5 or 6 chain ring optionally substituted by at least one lower alkyl radical, or interrupted by an oxygen atom,R.sub.3 represents --CH.sub.2 OH or --COR.sub.4, or --CH.sub.3 when R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 taken together form a 5 or 6 chain ring,R.sub.4 represents --OR.sub.5 or ##STR2## R.sub.

Abstract: Inks, particularly inks for ink jet printing, contain at least one compound of the formula I ##STR1## as a stabilizer. The symbols R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.3 ' and R.sub.4 ' are as defined in claim 1. The compounds are in part novel and are suitable for use as light stabilizers for organic materials.

Abstract: Compounds of Formula 1 ##STR1## wherein Z is selected from the group consisting of the radicals shown in Formula 2 and in Formula 3, ##STR2## Y is cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl of 3 to 8 carbons optionally substituted with one or two R.sub.4 groups, or Y is selected from phenyl, pyridyl, thienyl, furyl, pyrrolyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl, and imidazolyl, said groups being optionally substituted with one or two R.sub.4 groups, the divalent Y radical being substituted by the Z and --CR.sub.1 .dbd.CR.sub.1 --CR.sub.1 .dbd.CR.sub.1 groups on adjacent carbons; X is S, O, or NR.sub.5 ; n is 1 or 2; R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 independently are H, lower alkyl or fluoroalkyl; R.sub.3 is hydrogen, lower alkyl, Cl or Br; R.sub.4 is lower alkyl, fluoroalkyl or halogen; R.sub.5 is H or lower alkyl, and B is hydrogen, COOH or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, COOR.sub.8, CONR.sub.9 R.sub.10, --CH.sub.2 OH, CH.sub.2 OR.sub.11, CH.sub.2 OCOR.sub.11, CHO, CH(OR.sub.12).sub.2, CHOR.sub.

Abstract: A process for producing geranylgeraniol is provided, which comprising the steps of subjecting a mixture of at least one ester derivative wherein one or more carbon-carbon double bonds in the molecule are in cis form represented by the general formula (1): ##STR1## wherein R represents an aromatic group which can be substituted with at least one substituent, or a higher aliphatic group having from 7 to 25 carbon atoms, and wavy lines, respectively, represent a state where each carbon-carbon double bond can be present in cis or trans form, and an ester derivative of the general formula (2): ##STR2## wherein R is as defined above, to crystallization to obtain the ester derivative of the formula (2) selectively, and hydrolyzing the thus obtained ester derivative.

Abstract: 2-Phenylalkanoate esters which are useful as inhibitors of human leukocyte elastase.

Abstract: Abstract of the Disclosure: Diphenylheteroalkyl derivatives of the formula I ##STR1## where A and R.sup.1 -R.sup.6 have the meanings specified in the description, and the preparation thereof are described.The substances are suitable for controlling diseases and as cosmetic agents.

Abstract: Aromatic acid-derived lipophilic polyhalogenated compounds are provided for use as contrast agents in diagnostic imaging or as therapeutic agents. These compounds are particularly useful when incorporated into an oil-in-water emulsion for tissue-specific delivery to the liver. For hepatocyte-selective delivery, the emulsion is chylomicron remnant-like by being in a size range of 50 to 200 nm and having a composition simulating naturally-occuring chylomicron remnants.

Abstract: PLA.sub.2 inhibitors selected from the group consisting of ##STR1## wherein A is selected from the group consisting of ##STR2## and Z, W, R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5, R.sub.6, R.sub.7, R.sub.8, R.sub.9, X, X' and Y are as defined herein.

Abstract: A process for the carbonylation of allylic alcohols such as nerolidol, farnesol, or their monocyclic analogues with carbon monoxide at a pressure of at least 30 bar in the presence of a polar solvent and a palladium halide catalyst, optionally an alkali metal halide salt, and optionally an alcoholic solvent. The carbonylated product may then be reduced to the corresponding alcohol, which is cyclized in the presence of Lewis or Bronsted acids to afford an ambergris fragrance compound.

Abstract: A method for preparing a diarylalanine compound is provided. The method includes reacting a diarylaminopropanediol with a reducing agent to form a diarylaminopropanol compound and/or contacting a serine ester derivative with an aryl metal reagent to form diarylaminopropanediol. A diarylmethyloxazolidinone compound is also provided.

Abstract: The novel compounds of the formula I ##STR1## in which A is a group of the formula IIa or IIb, ##STR2## Y is oxygen, methylene, ethylidene or a >C.dbd.C(CH.sub.3).sub.2 group, Z is nitrogen, ##STR3## R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are, for example C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkyl, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are, for example, hydrogen or methyl, and R.sub.5, R.sub.6, R.sub.7, R.sub.8, R.sub.9, R.sub.10, R.sub.11, R.sub.12, R.sub.13 and R.sub.14 are, for example, hydrogen, are suitable for stabilizing organic material against oxidative, thermal or light-induced degradation.

Abstract: Di(aromatic) compounds corresponding to the following formula: ##STR1## in which: Ar represents either ##STR2## X represents a divalent radical, Z represents O, S or a divalent radical,and R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 represent a hydrogen atom or various organic radicals, and the salts of the compounds of formula (I) when R.sub.1 is a carboxylic acid function.Use in human and veterinary medicine and in cosmetics.

Abstract: A method is provided for the regioselective, palladium catalyzed carbo- or heteroannulation of internal alkynes by aryl iodides containing o-substituted side chains to yield aromatic carbocyclic and heterocyclic ring systems.

Abstract: The present invention relates to substantially pure piperidine derivative compounds of the formulae: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen or hydroxy;R.sub.2 is hydrogen;or R.sub.2 and R.sub.2 taken together form a second bond between the carbon atoms bearing R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 ;R.sub.3 is --COOH or --COOR.sub.4 ;R.sub.4 has 1 to 6 carbon atoms;A, B, and D are the substituents of their respective rings each of which may be different or the same and are hydrogen, halogens, alkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, or other substituents.A process of preparing such piperidine derivative compounds in substantially pure form is also disclosed.

Abstract: Stilbene derivatives of formula (I) ##STR1## wherein A, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are as defined in the following, are useful for the protection against UV radiation.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the manufacture of product compounds of the formula HC(R.sup.1).sub.2 C(R.sup.1).sub.2 C(R.sup.2).sub.2 H wherein each R.sup.1 is independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, Cl, CN, R, OR, CO.sub.2 R, C(O)R, OC(O)R, R.sup.f, OR.sup.f, CO.sub.2 R.sup.f, C(O)R.sup.f and OC(O)R.sup.f where R is a hydrocarbyl group and R.sup.f is a C.sub.1 to C.sub.10 polyfluoroalkyl group, provided that at least one R.sup.1 is F, and wherein each R.sup.2 is independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, Cl, CN, R, OR, CO.sub.2 R, C(O)R, OC(O)R, R.sup.f, OR.sup.f, CO.sub.2 R.sup.f, C(O)R.sup.f, OC(O)R.sup.f and difunctional linkages where an R.sup.2 group on each of two adjacent carbon atoms together form a link selected from the group consisting of --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --, --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --, --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3)--, --CH.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3)CH.sub.2 --, --C(O)OC(O)--, and norborndiyl.

Abstract: A fuel additive having the formula: ##STR1## wherein A.sub.1 is a thioether, a sulfoxide, a sulfone, a sulfonic acid, a sulfonamide, a nitrile, a carboxylic acid or ester, or a carboxamide; R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently hydrogen, hydroxy, lower alkyl or lower alkoxy; R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are independently hydrogen or lower alkyl; n is an integer from 0 to 100; and when n is 0 to 10, R.sub.5 is polyalkyl having an average molecular weight of 450 to 5,000; and when n is 5 to 100, R.sub.5 is hydrogen, alkyl, phenyl, aralkyl, alkaryl or an acyl group having the formula: ##STR2## wherein R.sub.6 is alkyl, phenyl, aralkyl or alkaryl; R.sub.7 and R.sub.8 are independently hydrogen, hydroxy, lower alkyl or lower alkoxy; A.sub.2 is a thioether, a sulfoxide, a sulfone, a sulfonic acid, a sulfonamide, a nitrile, a carboxylic acid or ester, or a carboxamide; and x and y are independently integers from 0 to 10; with the proviso that when n and x are both 0, then A.sub.

Abstract: There is provided a process for preparing an arylacetic acid or arylpropionic acid divative from an arylcarbinol which comprises the step of subjecting said arylcarbinol to suitable carbonylation conditions for a sufficient period of time and under suitable pressure and temperature to form said acid derivative, with the proviso that said carbonylation conditions include conducting the reaction in a two-phase system wherein one phase is an aqueous medium which contains (1) a catalyst which is a water-soluble metal complex consisting essentially of a Group VIII metal and a hydrophilic ligand such as palladium complexed with trisulfonated triphenylphosphine, and (2) optionally an acid, and wherein the second phase comprises said arylcarbinol.

Abstract: Novel processes and intermediates useful for the manufacture of the Wittig ester salts are disclosed. The Wittig ester salts are known as important CS building blocks for the manufacture of various polyenecarboxylic acid esters in the field of carotenoid chemistry.

Abstract: The invention relates to new pseudopeptides having an antiviral action, oft he general formula (I) ##STR1## with the meanings given in the description for the substituents, to a process for their preparation and to their use as antiviral agents, in particular against cytomegaloviruses.

Abstract: Process of treatment of mammals, including humans to treat diseases or conditions of the type which are normally treated with retinoid-like compounds is disclosed, with pharmaceutical compositions containing an active compound which is a selective agonist of the RXR retinoid receptor sites in preference to the RAR retinoid receptor sites. A compound is defined to be a selective agonist of the RXR receptor site if the compound is at least approximately ten times more effective as an agonist in the RXR receptor sites than in the RAR receptor sites.

Abstract: Di(aromatic) compounds corresponding to the following formula: ##STR1## in which: Ar represents either ##STR2## n=1 or 2 or: ##STR3## X represents a divalent radical, Z represents O, S or a divalent radical, and R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 represent a hydrogen atom or various organic radicals, and the salts of the compounds of formula (I) when R.sub.1 is a carboxylic acid function. Use is in human and veterinary medicine and in cosmetics.

Abstract: All possible stereoisomeric forms and mixtures thereof of a compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein X is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl and alkynyl of up to 4 carbon atoms, --CN and aralkynyl of up to 10 carbon atoms, Y is selected from the group consisting of halogen, --CH.sub.2 F, --CHF.sub.2, and --CF.sub.3, A is selected from the group consisting of ##STR2## having pesticidal properties.

Abstract: The present invention provides a difluoro-derivative compound of the formula R.sup.1 --(A.sup.1 --Y.sup.1).sub.m --A.sup.2 --CF.dbd.CF--C.tbd.C--A.sup.3 --(Y.sup.2 --A.sup.4).sub.n --R.sup.2 (wherein each of A.sup.1 to A.sup.4 is a trans-1,4-cyclohexylene group, a 1,4-cyclohexenylene group or a 1,4-phenylene group, each of m and n is 0 or 1, and each of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 is a C.sub.1-10 alkyl group, a halogen atom or a cyano group).The compound of the present invention has a low viscosity and is stable against lights, and a high speed response is expected by using it for a liquid crystal composition.

Abstract: Liquid-crystalline compounds of the formulae I and II,Z.sup.1 --(X.sup.1 --R.sup.1 --Y--M).sub.m IZ.sup.2 --(X.sup.2 --R.sup.1 --Y--M).sub.n IIwhereZ.sup.1 is the radical of an m-valent alcohol an m-valent acid or certain trivalent triazine derivatives; Z.sup.2 is an n-valent radical of a monocyclic or polycyclic aromatic compound; X.sup.1 is a chemical bond or --CO--; X.sup.2 is --O--, --S--, --CO--O--, --O--CO--, --SO.sub.2 --, --SO.sub.2 --O--, --O--SO.sub.2 --O--, --NR.sup.4 --, --CO--NR.sup.4 --NR.sup.4 --O-- or --CO--N<, where R.sup.4 is H or C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkyl; m and n are 3 to 6; R.sup.1 is a C.sub.2 -C.sub.20 -bridge having 2 to 12 bridging members, which may be interrupted by --O--, --S-- or --NR.sup.4 --, each of these hetero units being separated by at least 2 carbon atoms; Y is a chemical bond, --O--, --S--, --CO--O--, --O--CO--, --NR.sup.4 --, --CO--NR.sup.4 -- or --NR.sup. 4 --CO--; M is a mesogenic group.

Abstract: Condensates (K) of(A) oligohydroxy-C.sub.3-8 -alkanes containing at least 3 hydroxy groups and (B) KOH,that contain at least 5% by weight of K.sup.+ and at least one alcoholic hydroxy groupare eminently suitable as oxyalkylation catalysts, in particular for the oxyalkylation of ester group-containing substrates, before all of natural, vegetable or animal fats or oils or their modification products.

Abstract: A method for producing an asymmetric biaryl derivative which comprises dehalogenocoupling halogenated benzene derivatives, wherein a bromobenzene derivative of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is a lower alkyl group or a lower alkoxy group, which is attached at the 3- or 4-position, and a 2-chlorobenzene derivative of the formula: ##STR2## wherein R' is a cyano group or an alkoxycarbonyl group, are reacted in pyridine in the presence of triphenylphosphine, an anhydrous nickel compound and a reducing metal to obtain an asymmetric biaryl derivative of the formula: ##STR3## wherein R and R' are as defined above, and R is attached at the 3- or 4-position.

Abstract: Disclosed are a composition and a process for preparation thereof, which composition comprises a novel alicyclic compound and an epoxidized compound thereof represented respectively by formulae (I) and (II) ##STR1## wherein Y.sup.1 represents at least one of the structural groups ##STR2## Y.sup.2 represents at least one of the the structural groups ##STR3## R.sup.a and R.sup.b each represent hydrogen or a methyl group, m represents a natural number of from 1 to 7, and n represents a natural number of from 1 to 20.The composition (II) is a multi-functional alicyclic epoxidized compound, which has a property of being high in epoxy group density in a molecule compared with alicyclic conventional epoxy resins, which can provide resins having wide range properties from being hard to being soft.

Abstract: A novel, conjugated enyne compound expressed by the following formula (I), which has superior characteristics as an L.C. material and is stable under a usually used environment, and a L.C. composition containing the same are provided: ##STR1## wherein A is 1,4-phenylene or 1,4-cyclohexylene; B, C and D are 1,4-phenylene, 1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,3-dioxane-2,5-diyl, pyridine-2,5-diyl or 1,3-pyrimidine-2,5-diyl; L and M are covalent bond, 1,2-ethylene, oxycarbonyl, carbonyloxy, 1,2-ethenylene, 1,2-ethynylene, oxymethylene or methyleneoxy; n, m and l are 0 or 1; X and Z are H or F; R is fluoroalkyl, alkyl, alkoxy, alkoxyalkyl or alkenyl; Y is alkyl, alkoxy, cyano, halogen, cyanate, alkyl or alkoxy having at least one H replaced by halogen; when n is 0, L is covalent bond; when m or n is 0, M is covalent bond; and m, n and l are not simultaneously 0,the compound having a broad L.C. range, a low viscosity and a suitable .DELTA.n, and being applied to various uses, and reducing the viscosity of L.C.

Abstract: An ester derivative represented by the following formula (I). ##STR1## In the formula, V, W, X, Y and Z represent a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom, respectively. The present invention also comprises a liquid crystal composition containing the ester derivative. The ester derivative can optimize the n value, lower the viscosity and reduce the threshold voltage Vth of the liquid crystal composition.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein m is 1-4; R.sub.1 -R.sub.4 independently are hydrogen, lower alkyl of 1 to 6 carbons, Cl, Br, or I; R.sub.5 is hydrogen, lower alkyl of 1 to 6 carbons, Cl, Br, I, lower alkoxy or lower thioalkoxy of 1-6 carbons; R.sub.6 is hydrogen, lower alkyl, Cl, Br, I, OR.sub.11, SR.sub.11, OCOR.sub.11, SCOR.sub.11, NH2, NHR.sub.11, N(R.sub.11).sub.2, NHCOR.sub.11 OR NR.sub.11 --COR.sub.11 ; R.sub.20 is independently hydrogen or lower alkyl; A is (CH.sub.2).sub.n where n is 0-5, lower branched chain alkyl having 3-6 carbons, cycloalkyl having 3-6 carbons, alkenyl having 2-6 carbons and 1 or 2 double bonds, alkynyl having 2-6 carbons and 1 or 2 triple bonds; B is hydrogen, COOH or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, COOR.sub.8, CONR.sub.9 R.sub.10, --CH.sub.2 OH, CH.sub.2 OR.sub.11, CH.sub.2 OCOR.sub.11, CHO, CH(OR.sub.12).sub.2, CHOR.sub.13 O, --COR.sub.7, CR.sub.7 (OR.sub.12).sub.2, or CR.sub.7 OR.sub.13 O, where R.sub.

Abstract: Novel tetrasubstituted methane derivatives of the general formula C[--Sp--M--R].sub.4 in which the radicals --Sp--M--R are the same or different, in which Sp is a spacer group selected from an alkylene or alkenylene radical which is unsubstituted or monosubstituted by halogen, --CN or --CF.sub.3 or one or two non-adjacent CH.sub.2 groups may be replaced by --O--, --CO--, --COO--, --OOC--, --CONH-- or --OCOO--, or is a single bond; R is selected from hydrogen, halogen, --CN, --CF.sub.3, --OCF.sub.3, --NO.sub.2, --N(CH.sub.3).sub.2, an alkyl or alkenyl radical which is unsubstituted or monosubstituted or polysubstituted by --CN, --NH.sub.2, --CF.sub.3 or halogen and in which one or more non-adjacent CH.sub.2 groups may be replaced by the radicals --O--, --CO--, --OOC--, --COO-- or OCOO--; and M is a mesogenic group. Due to their liquid crystal properties, the novel compounds are eminently suitable for use in liquid crystalline media.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the enantioselective hydrogenation of olefins of the formula: ##STR1## where R is hydrogen or C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 linear or branched alkyl, Z is ##STR2## where R' is hydrogen or C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 linear or branched alkyl, --CN, C(NH)OR" where R" is C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 linear or branched alkyl, or --C(O)NH.sub.2 ; and Ar is phenyl or naphthyl unsubstituted or substituted with benzoyl or substituted benzoyl, C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 linear or branched alkyl, C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 linear or branched alkoxy, halo, or carboxylic acid or C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 linear or branched alkyl ester thereof, which comprises contacting said aromatic-substituted olefin with a catalytically effective amount of a ruthenium phosphite complex.

Abstract: In a process for reacting a low molecular weight hydroxy compound with a carboxylic acid halide, a small amount of the acid halide is introduced into the reaction vessel and the remainder of the acid halide and the hydroxy compound are added gradually in an approximately stoichiometric ratio. The hydrogen halide formed is thus prevented from dissolving in the reaction medium. The heat of reaction to be dissipated is negligible.

Abstract: The present invention is a novel compound which is a 3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylmethylhydroxylamine or derivative thereof and a pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition or base salt thereof, pharmaceutical composition and methods of use therefor. The invention compounds are now found to have activity as inhibitors of one or both of cyclooxygenase and 5-lipoxygenase providing treatment of conditions advantageously affected by such inhibition including inflammation, arthritis, pain, fever, and the like.

Abstract: Compounds of formula I ##STR1## in which Ar is aryl and R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are alkyl, are obtained by a process in which a compound of formula II ##STR2## where Z is a disubstituted amino group, a) is reacted with an alcohol, R.sup.2 OH, preferably under acidic conditions, to give a compound of formula III ##STR3## which is then dealkanolated, or b) is hydrolysed under acid conditions, to give a compound of formula IV ##STR4## which then alkylated. The compounds of formula I have fungicidal activity, as do many of the compounds of formula II, III and IV.