Abstract: A fluid-pressure transmitting apparatus is provided which is capable of securing the operationality of a working machine and braking and preventing against engine stall. Furthermore, a fluid-pressure transmitting apparatus is provided which makes it possible to switch over, in arrangement relationship, between a working-machine operating device and a traveling operating device. When a second operating unit is operated during operation of a first operating unit, the pilot pressurized oil outputted from each operating means through first and second pilot-pressure admission passages is admitted to a low-pressure selecting valve. At this time, when the pilot pressurized oil to be admitted to the second pilot pressure admission passage is lowered, it is automatically selected through the low-pressure selecting valve to control the delivery capacity of the traveling pump and braking and preventing engine stall and realizing travel at low speed.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a pump turbine capable of improving the stability of the governor by fully lessening the influences by the S-characteristics even when the running point of the pump turbine is in the S-characteristics region.

Abstract: The invention relates to a hybrid power station, which comprises a structure (1) or building, onto which water tanks (2) and pumps have been mounted at different levels and which have been arranged such that they pump water from the lower water tank to the upper water tank, and said structure having energy collecting devices installed in its vicinity or on its outer surface, which are arranged such that they use the pumps, and said hybrid power station comprising a water tank (5) inside the structure/building, to which the pumped water is lead, and equipment (6) inside the structure, such as a turbine, for producing electrical energy. A hybrid power station formed in accordance with the invention is formed at least partially of inclined walls, and such that the inner tank is primarily formed like a cone, or truncated cone.

Abstract: The system produces movements in a home entertainment chair. It has a motor controller and a plurality of movement generator units for generating small amplitude and low frequency movements in the viewer's chair. The system is intended for home use and can be easily installed under each leg of a chair or of a sofa or at the corners of a platform. The source of movement control signals can be derived from a video presentation soundtrack, and directional movement sensations can be created by inducing controlled movements in each leg of the viewer's chair.

Abstract: The present invention teaches a dynamically balanced putter with a sliding hosel to ensure that the center of mass of the putter lies on the axis defined by the putter shaft. The putter head includes a longitudinal slot which mates with an elongated “dovetail” tab on the hosel to slidingly position the axis, hosel, and putter head such that the aforementioned balancing objective is achieved. In a preferred embodiment, a dovetailed tab is mated with a mating slot, and the putter head is slid into a position with minor adjustments following an initial balancing, which results in a dynamic balancing of the entire putter. By rotating the putter about the shaft or suspending the shaft and evaluating the angle against vertical, minute adjustments can be made by sliding the putter head along the dovetailed tab until complete balancing is achieved. Once the putter head has been fixed using either a strong adhesive or other fixing means, the putter can then be used in its intended manner.

Abstract: A blood handling system has a first blood handling apparatus mounted on a second blood handling apparatus with a mounting apparatus. The mounting apparatus has two primary components: a retention sleeve attached to a stem that protrudes from the lower portion of the first blood handling apparatus; and a slotted plate that is attached to a stem on the second blood handling apparatus. The retention sleeve has a track for receiving the slotted plate and a flexible tab, with a protruding tooth, that securely engages the slotted plate in a locked position. If it becomes necessary to disconnect the first blood handling apparatus from the second blood handling apparatus during surgery, the tab may be easily moved into an unlocked position, allowing the disk to slide freely out of the track so that the units can be easily separated from each other.

Abstract: A system for an electro-hydraulic pressure supply for a power-assist device in a motor vehicle in which, by a pump which is arranged in an oil-filled container and driven by an electric motor, the oil is conducted through an outlet opening to the power-assist device and returned from the power-assist device via a return opening into the container. A shaft of the electric motor is coupled with a shaft of the pump. In order to provide an arrangement for an electro-hydraulic pressure supply for power-assist devices which can be used also in small structural units, the shaft of the electric motor and the shaft of the pump are coupled in a central bearing.

Abstract: A pressure loss compensation device for a fluid pressure circuit automatically compensates a pressure loss of a working fluid pressure as required or regularly, in the fluid pressure circuit. A cylinder device forming the pressure loss compensation device is provided in the intermediate position of piping of the fluid pressure circuit. The cylinder device has an actuation pressure introducing chamber introducing a pneumatic pressure and a fluid pressure generating chamber communicated with the piping via a branch pipe provided with a check valve. A return spring is provided in a piston and a fluid induction pipe communicated with an oil pan is connected to the fluid pressure generating chamber. An excessive pressure introducing port is communicated with a drain port when the piston is shifted toward the fluid pressure generating chamber. The excessive pressure introducing port is connected to the piping via a relief valve.

Abstract: An energy management and supply system that uses compressed air to generate electricity. The energy system comprises one or more air compressors connected to a transmission pipeline. The transmission pipeline is adapted to store and transmit the compressed air to one or more electricity generating systems. The electricity generating systems use the compressed air to turn a turbine generator creating electricity.

Abstract: A hydro-buoyant electrical power generating plant is provided which generates electricity from a source of hydraulic pressure. The energy that pressurizes the hydraulic fluid is derived from movements of a crane-like class II lever that has its fulcrum fixed to a stationary land mass so that the fulcrum's position is fixed relative to the lever's opposite "movable" end where the applied load is established. The movable end of the lever is attached to an "applied force vessel" that alternatively can be filled with water (or other liquid) so as to sink due to gravity, and then can be evacuated of water so as to rise due to buoyancy. When the applied force vessel is at its position of greatest elevation, the interior chamber of the vessel initially would be filled with air, typically at atmospheric pressure.

Abstract: Description of a system of a thermodynamic steam pump for water propulsion, its heating, disinfection and sterilization, or propulsion of other liquids, characterized by use of water steam pressure as the propelling media of a liquid mass directly, without intermediate equipment to convert the energy, which is composed of a pressure tank, an electric input valve, steam under pressure provided by an external source and means for introduction by gravity of the liquid mass to be impulsed, with electromechanical elements to control level and flow, including a heat exchanger where recycled steam is forced through a tube panel which over heats the liquid thus eliminating the existing microbes and bacteria or just taking advantage of said heat exchanger to pre-heat and fluidify heavy crude oils or other viscous liquids with no expense of additional energy. This same thermo-hydro-dynamic system installed in a surface vessel (ship) can act as propulsor of the same by the action and reaction principle. (Jet propulsion.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to a hydraulic power unit for supplying hydraulic fluid under pressure to industrial equipment, and more particularly to an auxiliary hydraulic power unit that is adapted to mount to a vehicle and supply auxiliary hydraulic power to auxiliary equipment associated with the vehicle during operation in the field.

Abstract: A portable punching machine is disclosed which has a hydraulic, single acting, spring return cylinder for linearly moving a punch toward and away from a die. The cylinder is driven in turn by a hydraulic pump disposed in a fluid chamber built into the machine. The pump fluid chamber is in constant communication with a fluid control chamber accommodating an elastic air bag capable of contraction and expansion for keeping constant the amount of hydraulic oil in the pump fluid chamber. Characteristically, a spacer of polyurethane foam or like elastic material is loosely inserted in the air bag in order to prevent the mutual contact of the inside surface of the bag, such contact being undesirable because the inside surface of the bag is customarily covered with a sticky parting agent that has been used in molding the bag from rubber.

Abstract: A process of utilizing combustion products from fossil fuels to produce hydro-electric power through a process of allowing such products to displace water from a tank for operating a turbine or pelton wheel. The process allows hydro-electric power to be generated at a greatly increased efficiency. Preferably, two tanks are used to receive combustion products which exert pressure to displace the water. Alternatively, oxygen or air and a fossil fuel such as natural gas are introduced into the tank and combusted therein to generate the combustion products. The process allows existing power plants to generate additional power, and thus greatly increase the overall efficiency of the plant.

Abstract: A hydraulic pump (16) is driven by an induction motor (14) from a source of multiphase alternating current (10) of either fixed or variable frequency. The pressure is applied to a hydraulic load, which may vary, and change the pressure. A pressure sensor coupled to the pump produces pressure signals. The motor includes plural windings, typically three, associated with a number of poles. Each motor winding is driven by a different phase of controlled alternating current. A rectifier (46) coupled to the multiphase AC source generates direct current, which is filtered to minimize DC ripple voltage. A controllable multiphase inverter (54) is coupled to the rectifier and to the motor windings, for converting the direct voltage into multiphase alternating motor drive voltages of controllable amplitude and frequency.

Abstract: A hydraulic transmission system including a hydraulic piston drivingly connected to a cam through a plunger shaft, the plunger shaft being connected to the cam through a lever arm such that rotation of the cam results in reciprocating movement of the plunger shaft between a withdrawn and an inserted position, fluid being drawn into a hydraulic chamber of the hydraulic piston upon pulled movement of the plunger shaft to the withdrawn position, and fluid being pushed out of the hydraulic piston upon pushed movement of the plunger shaft to the inserted position. Fluid exiting the hydraulic piston is directed into a turbine chamber so as to drivingly rotate a first and a second rotor matingly disposed therein. The first rotor includes a first plurality of tooth elements about a periphery thereof which define a first plurality of trough elements, and the second rotor includes a second plurality of trough elements disposed about a periphery thereof which define a second plurality of tooth elements.

Abstract: A plastic reservoir adapted for use with a hydraulic power pack. The reservoir includes a plastic body and a substantially plastic mounting ring which is joined to the plastic body of the reservoir. The mounting ring includes a metal reinforcing ring which is encapsulated in the plastic portion of the mounting ring.

Abstract: Compressed air-driven electrical generator supplies electric current to resistance heating element on demand in a baseboard heating system. A thermostat in communication with an air valve actuator, allows compressed air to flow from an air holding tank to an air motor which drives the electric generator whenever the temperature in the control space drops below a pre-selected temperature. An electrical relay switch in series with the electric generator and an electrical resistance heating element opens the electrical circuit between the electric generator and the heating element whenever the temperature sensed by the thermostat drops below the pre-selected temperature.

Abstract: A water level regulating system controlling the water level of a head tank of each of a plurality of hydroelectric plant installed in cascade along a stream by using an opening of guide vanes of a hydraulic turbine as a manipulated variable, and the water level of the head tank as a controlled variable. Each hydroelectric plant has a water level regulator constituting the water level regulating system. Each of the water level regulator of an upstream hydroelectric plant and the water level regulator of a downstream hydroelectric plant has a device varying PID parameters for controlling the water level in accordance with the opening of the guide vanes, and a device varying a reference water level to a set water level.

Abstract: A process of converting steam to hydro-electric power through a process of allowing steam to displace water from a tank for operating a turbine or pelton wheel. The tank includes a lightweight float of a small enough size to prevent the steam from mixing with the water below it, but to allow water to pass around and beneath the float. Preferably, two concrete, underground chambers are used to receive steam which exert pressure to displace the water. The process allows existing power plants to utilize excess steam to generate additional power, and thus greatly increase the overall efficiency of the plant.

Abstract: A hydraulic system which includes a pump for supplying hydraulic fluid to a load and receiving hydraulic fluid therefrom wherein the pump is acoustically isolated from the surrounding water medium. The pump and a motor which drives the pump is enclosed in a pressure vessel, the interior of which is supplied with a gas at a certain pressure less than the ambient water pressure. The pressure of the hydraulic fluid in the return line is maintained at a pressure less than the ambient by a reservoir arrangement which includes a piston and rod assembly with the rod being subject to the ambient water medium. A certain pressure within an oil filled compartment of the reservoir is maintained at a fraction of the ambient water medium pressure by making the ratio of the cross sectional area of the piston to the rod equal to that predetermined fraction. This reduced pressure compartment is hydraulically connected to the fluid return line as well as to a gas regulator.

Abstract: Apparatus for supplying high pressure hydraulic fluid to a hand tool comprises an intensifier having a first relatively large diameter pneumatic cylinder and a second relatively small diameter hydraulic cylinder containing hydraulic fluid. A first piston is operatively positioned in the pneumatic cylinder and mechanically coupled to a second piston operatively positioned in the hydraulic cylinder. An air switching valve is connected between a source of pressurized air and the pneumatic cylinder and has a first air outlet port connected to a first end of the pneumatic cylinder and operative in a pressurizing mode for supplying air pressure to drive the first piston in a direction to pressurize the hydraulic fluid. The valve also has a second air outlet port connected to a second end of the pneumatic cylinder and operative in a depressurizing mode for supplying air for retracting the first piston and depressurizing the hydraulic fluid.

Abstract: Hydraulically-operated equipment such as travelling equipment or working equipment for use in construction machinery such as a power shovel, shoveldozer and bulldozer. The hydraulically-operated equipment comprises a hydraulic driving mechanism actuated by hydraulic pressure, a hydraulic pressure supplying device for supplying hydraulic pressure to a hydraulic pipeline system for the hydraulic driving mechanism and a controller for controlling the hydraulic pressure supplying device such that the supplying rate at which hydraulic pressure is supplied to the hydraulic pipeline system according to the supply of hydraulic pressure is decreased in a specified period after a dead zone period in which hydraulic pressure starts to rise. This arrangement prevents an operational lag in the hydraulic driving mechanism as well as a shock at the time of start-up and shut-down.

Abstract: A hydraulic pressure system includes a pump and a dry valve situated in the inlet of the pump, the dry valve being actuated by a pilot valve capable of capturing the pressure differentials between inlet and outlet of the pump for shifting the dry valve between opened and closed positions. In the dry operational mode, the pump inlet operates at a pressure below atmospheric, thus providing a pressure differential substantial enough to move the dry valve to an opened position. In the preferred form, the pilot valve is a solenoid actuated two-position, four-way, spring loaded valve. The dry valve is a gate valve directly coupled to a fluid control motor.

Abstract: A hydraulic cylinder assembly for use in a variable external pressure envnment is provided. A hydraulic cylinder exposed to the variable external pressure environment has two chambers separated from one another by a piston. Hydraulic fluid fills each of the two chambers. In an "at rest" mode, the hydraulic fluid in the two chambers is pressurized to the variable external pressure. In an "at work" mode, pressure of the hydraulic fluid is selectively varied from the variable external pressure in one of the two chambers such that the piston moves. The entire assembly can be installed between the pressure and outer hulls of a submarine and utilize seawater to equalize the pressure in a balanced power stroke circuit.

Abstract: An installation for generating utilizable energy from potential energy is disclosed. The invention comprises a first swivel plate pivotally mounted within a roadway, a second swivel plate spaced from the roadway, transmission means operatively connecting the first and second swivel plates, and fluid fille containers adapted to be compressed.

Abstract: A rotary actuator-operated pretensioner comprises a gas generator and a rotary actuator that is driven in rotation by pressurized gas supplied by the gas generator and drives a belt take-up reel. Annular flange portions extend from the cylinder side walls into the operating chamber, the flange portions being coaxial with the axis of rotation of the rotor, and the rotor is supported by the cylinder for rotation by reception of the flange portions within end portions of the rotor body. An elastomer seal member is mounted on the side of the rotor vane portion that faces the pressure section of the operating chamber. The seal member has lip portions along its edges that are urged by gas pressure in the pressure section against the side walls and peripheral wall of the cylinder.

Abstract: A power unit for a conduit cleaner. The conduit cleaner has a motor with a housing carrying a shaft that is rotatable about an axis. The motor operates in response to the introduction of a pressurized fluid. The housing has inlets for admitting pressurized fluid and an outlet to permit the discharge thereof. A nozzle is connected to the housing and is configured to direct fluid from a pressurized supply to the housing inlet and direct fluid discharged from the outlet out of the power unit. The nozzle has a substantially cylindrical outer surface. In one form, the nozzle does not project beyond the cylindrical outer surface. Accordingly, a compact unit can be made according to the present invention. The absence of radially projecting structure also avoids protrusions that may intercept roots or other foreign matter within a conduit and thereby interrupt free movement of the conduit cleaner through a conduit.

Abstract: An apparatus powered by solar cell photon energy having a motor for rotating a drive shaft by the use of compressed air. The motor comprising: a housing having a circular cross section with a drive shaft extending therethrough; a rotor having concave cups on its exterior surface mounted on the drive shaft within the housing; ports extending through the housing to cause rotation of the rotor; a plurality of sources of compressed air positioned adjacent to the housing. The apparatus further includes an alternator and/or a system for converting solar energy into mechanical energy comprising a battery chargeable through solar panels to generate power for reciprocating pistons to thereby generate the compressed air.

Abstract: A tappet valve arrangement for a railway car coupler having a main valve for supplying air pressure from one railway car to another coupled railway car. A piston and cylinder valve for supplying air pressure to a coupler centering device when the railway is in an uncoupled state and for interrupting the flow of air to the coupler centering device when the railway car is in a coupled state. A negating spool valve for overriding the flow of air to the coupler centering device when the railway car is in an uncoupled state. A shut-off valve for interrupting the supply of air from one railway car to another railway car when it is desired to uncouple the railway cars.

Abstract: A power transmission apparatus for four-wheel drive vehicle which uses a hydraulic pump to absorb a rotational speed difference caused between front and rear wheels or left side and right side wheels to thereby materialize the four-wheel drive state and which is provided at a fixed housing with a variable throttle for adjusting oil pressure at the hydraulic pump. The variable throttle is adjustable of a degree of its opening by brake oil pressure generated by the braking action during the drive operation of an electromagnetic actuator or oil pressure introduced into a power cylinder disposed in a steering mechanism. Also, outside the fixed housing are provided fins for dissipating the heat content of operating oil at the hydraulic pump. Furthermore, on the slidable contact surface of a casing of the hydraulic pump with the fixed housing is provided sealing means for preventing the operating oil in the hydraulic pump from leaking therefrom.

Abstract: An energy conversion device which benefits from forces associated with angular momentum. A mass such as fluid is directed through a conduit from one elevation to a lower elevation with the conduit configured to conform to a decreasing cross-sectional area and oriented in a spiral of substantially conical shape so that fluid entering into the conduit accelerates both by virtue of the decreasing cross-sectional area of the conduit and by the velocity added to the fluid by successively constricting the fluid to an ever tighter spiral path of lesser radius ultimately to an output of the conduit which is in communication with a converter such as a turbine. The converter has an interior passageway in axial alignment with an outlet of the conduit and includes an interior vane which coacts against the fluid exiting from the outlet of the conduit imparting rotation to the rotor which circumscribes the passageway. The rotor is supported on a bearing block and operatively couples to a stator for power output.

Abstract: The invention is a device for generating utilizable energy from potential energy of slowly driving motor vehicles such as street traffic. The device comprises at least one rigid pivoted plate supported on a bearing block. The plate can be lowered by the force of gravity of a motor vehicle such that air is urged out of flexible containers and directed into a pressure equalizing reservoir connected to a turbine or a hydraulic motor. Storage containers for water are supported on both sides of the bearing block on the pivoted plate. The filling of the storage containers is controlled in a manner such that the storage container is exactly filled at the right moment so that it assists in lowering the plate caused by the motor vehicle.

Abstract: In a method of and a compression tube (10) for increasing pressure of a flowing gaseous medium the gaseous medium is pressed by an accelerating element (8) to flow with supersonic velocity. Heat is abstracted from the gaseous medium having supersonic velocity and by shock waves the flow is decelerated to a subsonic velocity range in an impact tube section (13) wherein by decelerating and, if necessary, further abstracting heat the pressure is increased. The power machine comprises in any pipeline section and/or instead of compressor a compression tube (10) including the accelerating element (8), a transient tube section (14) receiving supersonic flow of the gaseous medium, an impact tube section (13) comprising a shock wave tube section (12) and advantageously a passage tube section (16) for decelerating the supersonic flow to subsonic velocity and increasing the pressure to a value exceeding the inlet pressure of the accelerating element (8).

Abstract: A seawater power source for providing pressurized seawater to hydraulic ts which utilize the pressurized seawater as their operating fluid. Included in the present invention is a diesel engine for driving a source of compressed air which, in turn, drives a first pump for withdrawing seawater from the ocean and transferring the seawater to a reservoir, and a second pump driven by the diesel engine for withdrawing seawater from the reservoir, pressurizing the seawater and supplying the pressurized seawater to the hydraulic tools. The present invention also includes a unique hose reel which facilitates the changing of tools by allowing an operator to change pressure and fluid flow rate while the seawater power source is operational.

Abstract: A mini hydroelectric power plant is provided that utilizes a water driven turbine to drive an electric generator for producing electricity. Flowing water is collected from the turbine and pumped back to a reservoir to be used again for driving the turbine.

Abstract: A fluid-operated actuator (2) is connected to a pumping unit (12) through a control unit (10) in which are mounted control valves (30,32) for regulating the movements of the actuator. The control valves communicate with the actuator and the pumping unit through conduits in replaceable adaptor plates (60a,60b,60c). By changing the adaptor plates, different operating modes of the actuator can be selected. The pumping unit is carried on the control unit through a rotationally adjustable connection to permit it to be mounted upright although the orientation of the actuator and control unit may vary.

Abstract: An energy generator includes a pendulum suspended at one end and in operative relationship with an external power device which imparts oscillation movement to the pendulum. The pendulum includes a weight disposed at one end being in operative cooperation with a hydraulic fluid cylinder to increase the hydraulic pressure of the fluid within the cylinder. A power output device receives the high pressure hydraulic fluid and generates output power. A second embodiment is directed to a power booster wherein energy is transferred between a pendulum and a power generating device.

Abstract: The power plant employs fluid flow passages between the nipples and the pressure and tailwater collection chambers, which are restricted as to flow, and there are valve means in one passage employed to enable the nipples to discharge the tailwater to the pressure chamber, and then restabilize at the pressure of the same, when the offset vessels are extended and retracted with respect to the nipples.

Abstract: A flywheel rotary engine power plant comprises a flywheel having internal passages through which power fluid is conducted to impart rotation to the flywheel about an axis. The flywheel is mounted on a journaled shaft and the pressure fluid is conducted through the shaft and introduced into a central region of the flywheel. The passages extend generally radially outwardly from the center of the flywheel. Each passage comprises a straight entrance section which merges into a single turn helix section of approximately 315.degree. extent and the helix section in turn merges into a straight exit section which extends to the passage outlet at the perimeter of the flywheel. The exiting fluid is directed against a vaned casing surrounding the perimeter of the flywheel to add a jet-propulsion effect. The propulsive force is developed by the action of the fluid on the single turn helix chambers and the jet-propulsion effect.

Abstract: An apparatus utilized in generating power for use comprising a base foundation, a generally cylindrical container with a vent opening, and a top and bottom having a facial plane that is angularly disposed with respect to a horizontal plane. A fluid is in the container, and a shaft in concentrically rotatably disposed in the cylindrical container and extends either through the top or through the bottom. A generally cylindrical turbine is rotatably bound to the shaft within the fluid. The turbine has a cap top and cap side that attaches to the turbine sleeve. Compressed gas is introduced at, to and/or through the container bottom in order for the turbine to rotate the shaft when compressed gas produces a buoyant force against the turbine. A method for revolving a plurality of vanes as a result of buoyancy force produced by compressed gas against the vanes of a turbine.

Abstract: Device wherein the co-operation of a rotatable shaft and the displacement of a hydraulic medium forms a variable transmission unit or a pump, said device comprising an ingoing (driving) shaft having a widened part/rotor and an outgoing (driven) shaft co-axial with the ingoing shaft, the widened part of the ingoing shaft being provided with a number of cylindrical bores, substantially parallel to its center line, each bore containing a plunger which can reciprocate in said bore, said outgoing shaft being provided with a plate (mirror plate) obliquely arranged under an angle .alpha. with respect to the axis of the shaft for co-operating with protruding end(s) of the plunger(s) such that upon rotation of the rotor or the outgoing shaft the plunger(s) reciprocate in its (their) bores, each bore presenting in its wall a radially directed channel to establish a connection between the bore(s) and a circuit containing a hydraulic medium.

Abstract: A hydraulic fluid supply assembly for an agricultural or industrial tractor or similar vehicle. The assembly includes a mounting plate which closes an aperture in a back axle casing of the vehicle and which carries a hydraulic pump, a pump feed means, and a filter which is mounted on a filter head formed integrally in the plate. The supply assembly is arranged to be demountable from the casing as a unit. The mounting plate also carries one or more hydraulic valves or other hydraulic consumers which receive fluid from the pump via supply passages formed integrally in the mounting plate and a gear wheel which engages with the vehicle drive train to provide drive to the pump when the mounting plate is secured in position over the aperture.

Abstract: This invention is an impulse-driven power-generating pump having a collapsible self-restoring "cylinder" subjected externally to discrete impulses which reduce the volume of the "cylinder" thereby displacing fluid therefrom. The impulses may derive from a moving or changing weight or other force-producing means. In particular, the event of railroad traffic is used, the fluid being hydraulic and the discrete impulses being produced by the wheel flanges of passing trains. These impulses act on one or more pumping components each comprising a hydraulic fluid container having a collapsible wall with or without resilience, a length less than the minimum distance between adjacent train wheel axles, a width less than the distance between rails, an inside height of approximately one inch, and an overall height of less than six and one-half inches including the emplacement and supporting structure.

Abstract: An apparatus for supervising the operation of a pneumatic safety system of an industrial door opening/closing mechanism or the like. The apparatus includes a pressure pulse generator for generating a pneumatic pressure pulse, and a pneumatic pathway for directing the pressure pulse to the pressure switch of the door opening/closing mechanism. The integrity of the safety system is confirmed if the pressure switch is moved in response to the pressure pulse.

Abstract: Movable link device with a plurality of freedom degrees between a carrier element (manipulator arm or the like) and a carried element (tool, and particularly gripping tool). The device comprises a support frame (1) adapted to be secured to the carrier element, a movable frame (2) to which the carried element is fixed, a plurality of jacks (5, 6, 7, 7', 8) arranged between the support frame (1) and the movable frame (2) so as to maintain the latter with respect to the former in a relative position as a function of the deformation states of said jacks, and remote control means (13) to control the jacks and comprising a variable capacity tank associated to each jack and forming therewith a closed fluid circuit. The invention is applicable to robotics in order to move a member with high power and precision.

Abstract: This disclosure involves the conversion of a four cycle internal combustion engine to that of an hydraulic or fluid motor, wherein engine heads, camshafts and valves are changed, and the invention can be used to power automobiles, power plants, conveyors, earthmovers, etc.

Abstract: A fluid circulating system includes a thermal differential engine having a pair of expansion-contraction vessels each containing an expansion component expansible with heat for discharging fluid to a delivery line when heated and drawing fluid from a return line when cooled. Heated water is supplied alternatively to the pair of vessels to circulate the fluid through the delivery and return lines. The pair of expansion-contraction vessels are identical in volume and other characteristics and have multiple ports connected to anti-convectional valves and change-over valve.

Abstract: A coupling apparatus (10) for connecting a reversible pump (14) having first and second ports (24,26) to a fluid source (16) and to a user device (20) includes a first manifold (30) connected to the pump (14) and a second manifold (32) connected to the first manifold (32). The second manifold (32) has first and second inlet passages (52,56) and one of them is connected to the fluid source (16) and the other is blocked by a plug member (78). The first manifold (30) can be disposed in one of two positions of fluid communication with the pump ports (24,26) by disassembly and assembly of the apparatus (10) to accommodate for reverse operation of the pump without a piece part change and while maintaining system reliability. The coupling apparatus (10) is particularly useful in a marine transmission.

Abstract: A power plant having a fluid powered flywheel is disclosed. The flywheel comprises internal cylinder spaces which extend radially outwardly from a central region of the flywheel but which curve in a particular circumferential sense about the axis of the flywheel. Helical structures are disposed within the cylinder spaces to define respective helical flow paths through the cylinder spaces. Power fluid is delivered to a central region of the flywheel for entry into the cylinder spaces. Exhaust ports are provided to extend between the outer perimeter of the flywheel and the radially outer end of each cylinder space so that the exhausting fluid is jet discharged. Pressurized fluid is delivered from a reservoir containing a gas-over-liquid power source. An impeller driven by the flywheel collects the fluid discharged from the perimeter of the flywheel and returns it to the reservoir.