Abstract: A fuel injection pump for internal combustion engines, in which both a shift of the injection onset to early during cold starting or when the engine is not yet up to operating temperature can quickly become operative, and a fuel injection quantity adaptation device is operative unaffected by the control criteria for the cold-starting shift to early. To this end, a work chamber of an injection adjuster is acted upon separately by the feed pressure of a fuel feed pump prevailing upstream of a temperature-dependently unlockable pressure maintenance valve, and the pressure-controlled interior of a fuel injection pump supplying the adaptation device is connected to the outlet side of the pressure maintenance valve.

Abstract: A novel slip resistant shoe lace includes an elongated flexible member having a pair of ends, a front face and a back face. A continuous strip of rubber, preferably colored resin material, is applied to and extends along the front and back faces of the elongated member.

Abstract: A furnace system is provided with exhaust gas recirculation via a recirculation tube having an inlet mounted downstream of the furnace firing area and an inlet disposed in juxtaposition to the blower fan wheel of the furnace blower. The recirculated gases can enter the tube from either the stack or the firebox. The inlet penetrates the air intake plenum either axially thereof or at an angle thereto through a sidewall. The furnace includes both an air intake throttle and an air intake butterfly control valve. An exhaust gas recirculation control valve can be linked to the air intake control butterfly valve for their operation in concert. The air intake throttle is either a rigid baffle or a pivotable flap.

Abstract: The invention discloses a method and an apparatus for explosion protection of plants, pipelines and the like by monitoring chronologically successive values of the system pressure in the potentially explosive area and by comparing these values with a predetermined pressure threshold, where the exceeding of this pressure threshold is used as a triggering criterion for initiating explosion protection provisions. According to the invention, instead of predetermining a constant value as the pressure threshold, the pressure threshold is updated continuously in accordance with the system pressure prevailing at that time. As a result, the pressure threshold can be set with a smaller safety margin above the system pressure than before. Brightness and temperature thresholds may also be used singly, or together with pressure in any combination in continuous value monitoring.

Abstract: A hydraulic shock absorber with automatically adjustable damper force which actuates an electromagnetic rotary adjuster for a control slide that monitors a sole flow cross section. The rotary adjuster is embodied as a permanently excited single-winding rotary adjuster, and because of its permanent magnetic poles in the rotor, even when it is currentless it furnishes a torque that assures safety resetting of the rotary adjuster if the current fails. The hydraulic shock absorber is intended for controlling the undercarriage of a motor vehicle.

Abstract: A fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines is proposed which has at least one metering opening provided in the injection end of the fuel injection valve, an intermediate space formed downstream of the metering opening and defined on its side remote from the metering opening by a preparation wall, which is embodied as thin-walled at least in the vicinity of preparation openings that penetrate it and lead outward from the intermediate space, there further being included an exchangable cap which fits over and is snapped onto the injection end of the nozzle, the preparation openings in the cap which fits over and is snapped onto the injection end of the nozzle, the preparation openings in the cap being contructed to direct fuel at a single intake valve or a pair of intake valves.

Abstract: The invention concerns an exhaust gas cleaning system for Diesel engines with a filtration device for separating soot from the exhaust gases and a regeneration device for the filtration device. The filtration device is equipped with filter tubes which are closed at one end. Thus, the exhaust gases can be fed in at the other side and penetrate the filter walls. The soot is deposited on the inner surface of the filter tubes. A burner is provided which generates the burn-off gases for the soot, suitable measures being taken to ensure that the burner gases only act on one section of the filter block at a time. Feed and discharge of the exhaust gases are selected in such a way that the cleaned exhaust gases flow around the filter tubes which are being regenerated. The direction of flow of the exhaust gases can also be reversed so that the exhaust gases first flow around the filter tubes passing through the walls into the tube interiors, and then flow out to the discharge through the openings in the tubes.

Abstract: A device for measuring particle emissions of an internal combustion engine, in particular the soot concentration in the exhaust gas, has a signal transmission route, located between a transmitter and a receiver, which traverses a flow of exhaust gas carried in an exhaust gas tube of the engine. To avoid soiling of the active elements of the transmitter and receiver that would cause inaccuracies in measurement, the signal transmission route is embodied as a beam of light, which passes through two diametrically opposed openings in the wall of the exhaust tube. The light-admitting openings are each closed with a respective transparent disk. The disks are heatable and are heated to a temperature above the burnoff temperature of the particles. Appropriate light emitting and receiving elements are used in combination with appropriate heating and evaluation circuits which indicate the soot concentration and which control fuel input to change the soot concentration.

Abstract: The reflection surface of the reflector is composed of four segments depending on the low-beam light distribution pattern according to the ECE or SAE standard. For the ECE low-beam light distribution pattern, segment is part of a paraboloid of revolution; segment is a parellipsoid; reflector segment is a parellipsoid; and reflector segment is a general paraboloid. The various segments merge continuously and with smooth transitions with one another. For the SAE low-beam light distribution pattern, the reflector segment is a paraboloid of revolution; the reflector segment is a general paraboloid; the reflector segment is a paraboloid of revolution; and the reflector segment is a general paraboloid; in the SAE low-beam light distribution pattern as well, the reflector segments merge with one another continuously and with smooth transitions.

Abstract: A known valve controllable by means of an electromagnet includes at least one spring installed with prestressing, the prestressing of which must be within a relatively narrow tolerance range, if the valve is to function properly. Since then, when the valve has been assembled, the spring, which is subject to manufacturing tolerances, and other components subject to manufacturing tolerances, have been replaced with other components of different dimensions until a suitable prestressing was arrived at. The invention seeks to avoid this replacement work. The problem is solved by disposing an element that is displaceably installed so as to overcome frictional forces, and one end of a spring is supported on this element. One or more such elements are advantageously usable in multi-position magnetic valves, which for instance belong to vehicle brake systems and in particular to their anti-skid systems.

Abstract: Disclosed is a splint-like element for use in end-to-end nerve suture to eliminate tension at the anastomosis site and thus allow optimal coaptation between the nerve ends to be sutured. The element comprises an elongated body made of a material that is rigid and slightly resilient and is biologically acceptable, such as silicone. The body is long enough to have one end attachable to the epineurium of one of the nerve ends by at least one but preferably two longitudinally spaced-apart sutures, and another end attachable to the epineurium of the other nerve end also by at least one but preferably two other longitudinally spaced-apart sutures. The element also comprises pieces of reinforcing material preferably consisting of beads of plastic material embedded into the body material wherever this body is intended to be attached to the epineurium to prevent the body material from being torn or otherwise cut by the sutures.

Abstract: A governor for fuel injection pumps, said governor having two or three cooperating levers used to move a fuel injection quantity control slide. A regulating spring and the idling spring engage the drag lever. A start spring is disposed between the drag lever and the start lever, the start spring is opposed by the force of a flyweight assembly which is speed-dependent. When starting the combustion engine, the start lever, which is connected to the drag lever via a pivot pin, is in an initial position corresponding to a setting of the quantity control slide, which setting is smaller than the full injection quantity. When starting, the quantity control slide is displaced through a first control range to deliver a greater quantity of fuel, up to the full load injection quantities. Thereupon, when instituting a decrease, further displacement of the flyweight assembly results in the quantity control slide being displaced through a second control range in the direction of smaller quantities of fuel.

Abstract: A suction refill valve for a master brake cylinder which is suitable for use in brake systems having brake slip control. The refill valve has a sealing element, made from an elastic material, which is annular and is acted upon on virtually all sides by the pressure arising in the work chamber of the brake cylinder. In combination with a valve opening embodied as an annular gap, the suction refill valve can open at relatively low force, even when the brake pressure is high.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling brake pressure having a brake booster and a pedal-actuated brake valve, in order to effect parallel feeding of the pressure medium fed via the brake valve into a primary main booster chamber. A feed valve is arranged such that displacement volumes in the wheel brake cylinders, in particular, are equalized by means of direct pressure feeding. The triggering of the feed valve is effected based on the result of comparison of travel or pressure variables detected by transducers in the vicinity of the master brake cylinder.

Abstract: A device for improving a fuel-air mixture distribution in multi-cylinder internal combustion engines, in which a mixture forming device (carburetor, central injection unit) must supply more than one cylinder. By means of the device a quantitatively and qualitatively uniform distribution of the air-fuel mixture to the various cylinders is effectively improved. This more-uniform distribution of the mixture is obtained by combining a plurality of nail-like protrusions and a guide wall downstream of the fuel-air mixture device at which an effective transfer of heat produced by a heating element takes place, with which the flow condition are varied prior to the division of the intake tube into intake line arms. It is particularly effective to dispose the device at the "hot spot" of downdraft intake tubes in multi-cylinder engines.

Abstract: A magnetic valve with reversible flow for use in anti-skid brake systems (ABS) has an armature displaceably supported in a valve housing within a control coil. A sealing element is moved by the armature and a stationary valve seat is associated with the sealing element. The armature includes a bottom which communicates via openings with an inflow region including the sealing element, a sealing element holder, and a valve body. The sealing element formed as a sealing ball and the sealing element holder formed as a perforated disk are embodied such that within predetermined stroke and flow ranges, an aspiration effect due to the flowing medium ensues, and a retaining element provided in the form of a permanent magnet acts upon the armature and the retaining element is overcome upon electrical triggering of the magnetic valve, resulting in a large flow cross section for normal braking, and a reduced flow cross section in ABS operation.

Abstract: A plastics shaping mold comprising a layer of hardened resin material fixedly superposed on a metal mold and defining an uneven shaping surface for forming an uneven surface pattern on plastic articles. The plastics shaping mold is prepared by a method comprising the steps of superposing a resin material in a fluid state on a master in sheet form defining an uneven surface inverse to the uneven shaping surface to be formed, allowing the resin material to harden and removing the master, thereby to form the layer of hardened resin material defining the uneven shaping surface.

Abstract: A multiple-circuit brake system for motor vehicles in which a multiple-circuit braking value transducer is embodied partially electrically and partially as a pneumatic control valve and is intended for triggering pressure control valves, the wheel brake cylinders being disposed following these pressure control valves. One pressure-medium reservoir is associated with each pressure control valve, and the controlling energy for each of these pressure control valves is drawn from the pressure-medium reservoir associated with that valve. In the pneumatic brake circuit (I), a further pressure-medium reservoir is provided preceding the braking value transducer, as a result of which it is possible, with the aid of two-way check valves, to actuate the wheel brake cylinders with the pneumatic brake circuit (I) whenever the electrical brake circuits (II, III) have failed.

Abstract: A plastic housing cover for a valve having an integral connector nozzle part provided with a metal threaded nipple element is proposed, in which it is assured that the threaded element, inserted in a sealing manner into the plastic, cannot destroy the tight connection with the plastic part during the twisting of insertion and possible twisting on the part of the threaded element itself. The threaded element is accordingly given an opportunity at the outset to rotate, while maintaining the tightness of the seal. The threaded nipple element is preferably a hollow threaded connector and the plastic part comprises a cover of a compressed air valve, especially a brake valve.