Abstract: A slate and the method of manufacturing therefor comprising substantially a single color mortar cement. The outer surface of the slate has at least two different shapes which produce a different color variation to one another.

Abstract: A brake valve for brake boosters in which a slide is guided in a sheath that is supported in rounded fashion at one end face, such that the slide, along with the sheath, is pivotable and can center itself, with a bezel formed onto its end face, in the valve seat of a valve bushing. The slide and valve bushing form a valve in which the closing behavior is improved considerably by the automatic centering of the slide in the valve seat.

Abstract: An apparatus for actuating the throttle valve of an internal combustion engine, in particular a drive slip control (ASR) and engine drag moment control (MSR), with a disconnect point disposed in the course of the gas pedal transmission linkage overcome by spring forces acting on both sides of it. In the normal situation the throttle valve position corresponds to the driving pedal position, while in attaining ASR functions the disconnect point is opened, by the action of an electromagnetic or electric-motor element, and the position of the throttle valve is adjusted independently, regardless of the intention of the operator, in order to reduce the drive slip.

Abstract: A brake booster having a brake valve disposed inside a booster piston, the brake valve comprises a valve bushing including a valve seat and a slide that is pressed by a spring against the valve seat of the valve bushing. The slide is supported with play at a great distance from the valve seat, so that it can be pivoted slightly around the vicinity of its bearing. The pivotability of the slide facilitates its centering in the valve seat, so that the valve closes dependably even in the presence of bearing tolerances or valve seat tolerances. Seals required for sealing off the slide have an elastic behavior, and are disposed in the vicinity of the bearing. As a result, reliable sealing is assured despite the pivotability of the slide.

Abstract: An inexpensive drive slip control system, combined with a brake control and anti-skid control system, which includes a pump element and a first valve assembly upstream of a wheel brake cylinder, a second valve assembly in the brake circuit, which can be bypassed by a fluid line, which communicates with a multi-circuit master cylinder and leads to the wheel brake cylinder of the undriven wheel and communicates via a third valve assembly with the inlet side of the pump element, the outlet side of which is connected to the brake line of the driven wheel.

Abstract: The goal of this concept is to adjust a wheel slip value, during a controlled braking of a vehicle wheel, at which, on the one hand, the coefficient of adhesion .mu. in the longitudinal direction is near the maximum attainable value, and on the other hand, an adequate coefficient of adhesion is available in the transverse direction. This slip value is below the value at which the coefficient of adhesion in the longitudinal direction is at a maximum. While at the maximum coefficient of adhesion in the longitudinal direction the wheel slip curve .mu. (.lambda.) has a slope of zero, .mu. (.lambda.) assumes positive slopes at the slip value to be adjusted. In addition to the advantage of greater cornering forces, the concept presented offers the opportunity of purposefully limiting the yawning moments engaging the vehicle during controlled braking and thereby improving control of the vehicle.

Abstract: A fuel supply line, which serves to supply fuel to a fuel injection system for internal combustion engines. The fuel supply line includes receptacles, in each of which a stepped receiving bore is formed with the bores arranged to surround the injection valve in the axial direction and open both at the mouthpiece and the connection end of the injection valve. The injection valve is held by a holding body with a holding shoulder of the injection valve resting on a holding step of the receiving bore. The receiving bore of the receptacle extends outside the flowthrough cross section of the fuel supply line. A filter element is provided in the flow path of the fuel between the flowthrough cross section and fuel openings at the circumference of the injection valve. The fuel supply line, together with the receptacles, is advantageously manufactured of plastic as an extruded part.

Abstract: A pilot burner for a device for burning off solid particles, in particular soot particles, in the exhaust gas of internal combustion engines has a hollow-cylindrical mixture preparation chamber receiving a glow element and a hollow-cylindrical glow plug receiving chamber extending transversely to it and communicating with it through an opening. A fuel inflow line discharges into the receiving chamber and an air supply line discharges into the preparation chamber. To improve mixture preparation and largely avoid carbonization of the glow plug, the glow plug is coaxially surrounded in the vicinity of its coil at a radial distance by a protective sleeve. The fuel inflow line ends at an orifice fitting that protrudes radially into the receiving chamber and discharges immediately in front of the protective sleeve.

Abstract: An instrument for use on a marine vehicle including a sensor for determining the concentration of carbon monoxide (COC) present on the vehicle, an LED indicator for visually displaying the concentration, a microprocessor using a mathematical formula for calculating the health hazard to a person on the vehicle occasioned by the level of carbon monoxhemoglobin %COHb in the blood of that person resulting from breathing concentrations of carbon monoxide over a period of time. The instrument also determines for determining the health hazard condition in terms of long term exposure to a low COC level, moderate term exposure to a moderate COC level, and short term exposure to a high COC level, and in addition visually and audibly indicates the health hazard conditions. A method for the operating instrument, and a method of testing operativeness of the instrument are also provided.

Abstract: A pilot burner for a device for burning off solid particles, especially soot particles, in the exhaust gas of internal combustion engines has a hollow-cylindrical mixture preparation chamber receiving a glow element and extending eccentrically thereto a hollow-cylindrical glow plug receiving chamber. The two chambers communicate with one another via an opening formed by piercing the chamber walls. A fuel inflow line discharges in the receiving chamber and an air supply line discharges into the preparation chamber. To improve the mixture preparation and largely avoid carbonization of the glow plug, the air supply line discharges into two inflow openings having a tangential direction; one inflow opening is located opposite the opening between the two chambers, and the other inflow opening is located near the end face of the preparation chamber having a mixture outlet opening. In obth inflow openings, the combustion air is introduced in the same direction.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine is proposed which operates on a lean fuel-air mixture. The engine comprises an inlet channel which leads to the cylinder with a piston and which opens into the cylinder via an inlet valve. A flap element pivotably mounted about a pivot axis which is seated on one side is disposed in a section of the inlet channel; said section having a rectangular cross-section. The flap also has a rectangular cross-section and is used to produce a rotating flow in the cylinder in operating states other than full load. Displacement of the flap can be effected against the force of a spring by the suction air or by a servomotor controlled by an electronic control device as a function of the operating parameters of the internal combustion engine such as rpm flap position and temperature.

Abstract: An apparatus for removing solid particles, especially soot particles, from the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine includes a separator that divides the flow of exhaust gases into a largely particle-free primary flow and a particle-enriched secondary flow. The secondary flow is delivered to a disposal device, which has a combustion chamber and a pilot burner for producing a flame that burns off the solid particles. To improve the efficiency of the apparatus by reducing the heating output required, a filter is provided in the combustion chamber, which divides the combustion chamber into a filter pre-chamber and after-chamber. The burnoff flame of the pilot burner burns into the filter pre-chamber, and the burnoff gases are removed via an outlet opening disposed in the filter after-chamber. The secondary exhaust gas flow is delivered to the filter pre-chamber with a tangential inflow direction.

Abstract: An apparatus for effecting electrical connection of fuel injection valves for fuel injection systems of internal combustion engines connected to an electronic control unit simultaneously onto each of the individual fuel injection valves. The individual plugs of the apparatus associated with each fuel injection valve are disposed on a common connection strip which can be fastened to the engine by means of threaded bolts and can be connected to the electronic control unit by means of a cable harness.

Abstract: A fuel injection pump of a distributor injection pump type in which a quantity adjusting device is an annular slide that is axially displaceable on a fuel injection quantity regulator and which can additionally be rotated by a torque device. With the aid of this torque device, the control effectiveness of a second control edge, for instance in the form of a rectangular groove is controlled. The torque device is equipped with a clutch, which is embodied either via a spring or via a cam race. The torque device is actuated via an adjusting lever connected to the annular slide adjusting lever that serves to arbitrarily vary the fuel injection quantity at the direction of the driver of the motor vehicle.

Abstract: The control magnet is secured with cap screws on a cap of a control mechanism of an injection pump by means of a holder element, which is a two-armed leaf spring having pre-stressing. The leaf spring has a middle section which comes to rest flush on the magnet core and both arms come to rest flush on a support face of the cap. The spring force spring stressing of the two-armed leaf spring pre-stressed in this manner has an effect of keeping the control magnet secured such that it is not jarred loose even in the event of high acceleration peaks of the injection pump.

Abstract: A packaging system, in which a plurality of production machines supplying one high-capacity packaging machine has a plurality of readying devices and transfer apparatuses for the articles that are to be packaged. In order to transfer the readied articles gently and at the correct times to product buckets of the conveyor apparatus of the packaging machine, the individual transfer apparatuses are each driven by one highly dynamic electric motor in such a way that a dog of the transfer apparatus approaches a readied article slowly, then accelerates the article and then transfers the article at a synchronized speed to a bucket. The individual electric motors are controlled by a central guidance system having a process computer. The guidance system can be arbitrarily programmed such that the transfer apparatuses are not rigidly aligned with a certain succession of buckets of the conveyor apparatus, but instead can fill each successive bucket, depending on the operation of the production machines.

Abstract: A pneumatic suspension intended for motor vehicles that is equipped with an additional volume. An adjusting piston defining the additional volume separates two work chambers from one another, which can be disconnected from one another or made to communicate with one another via a connecting line and a valve assembly in the connecting line. When the work chambers are in communication, the spring rate of the suspension is variable without force.

Abstract: A soot reservoir for an exhaust gas scrubbing system for an internal combustion engine has a housing, having an inlet for introducing a soot-laden carrier flow diverted from the exhaust gas flow and an outlet for the escape of the scrubbed carrier flow, a soot filter disposed between the inlet and outlet for retaining soot particles, and a removable collecting container for receiving the trapped soot. To attain a large storage capacity of the collecting container, a number of compacting balls are placed loosely in it. Hopping and rolling movements of the balls caused by the motion of the vehicle driven by the engine produce a considerable increase in the settled apparent density of the soot deposited in the collecting container. With the same collecting container volume, about 10 times as much soot can be held, when compared with conventional soot reservoirs.

Abstract: A melting and holding furnace comprising a melting chamber, a well, and a holding chamber disposed between the melting chamber and the well. The holding chamber includes a plurality of submerged banks projecting from its bottom and extending transversely of a line linking the melting chamber and the well.

Abstract: A cooling apparatus for electric arc furnace (EAF) electrodes, in which nozzles spray and cool the surfaces of EAF electrodes outside the furnace roof. The water spray cooling is provided around the graphite electrode columns. Water flow is controlled in a way that water running down the electrode columns is evaporated before entering the EAF-roof hole to enable maximum graphite saving and high security.