Abstract: A semiconductor dynamic random access memory device or a ferroelectric random access memory device has dummy cells arranged around memory cells of each array so as to prevent the memory cells from a pattern defect during a fabrication process, and the dummy cells have dummy capacitors connected through a power distributing line to an internal power source so as to render the internal power voltage on the power distributing line stable.

Abstract: For the separable connection of an electrical conductor with a large cross-section to an insulation displacement connection, it is proposed that a connecting body with at least one insulation displacement terminal into which an electrical conductor can be forced by means of a clamping screw, be provided in a conductor-connecting element.

Abstract: A surface of a semiconductor wafer having a plurality of semiconductor elements thereon is laminated on a first wafer holding substrate. Subsequently, the whole rear surface of the semiconductor wafer is coated with a first conductive layer. Then a second conductive layer is selectively formed thereon. Then, a rear surface side glass substrate is laminated on the first and second conductive layer. Subsequently, the first wafer holding substrate is peeled off. Subsequently, the semiconductor wafer is selectively etched so as to be separated into semiconductor elements. Then, the first conductive layer is connected to a ground potential to measure electrical characteristics of the semiconductor elements and sort the semiconductor elements into non-defectives and defectives. Then, the first conductive layer is selectively etched so as to be separated into chips and thus semiconductor pellets are formed. Finally, the second wafer holding substrate is peeled off.

Abstract: In a charge coupled device, trap levels formed by insulating layers or floating electrodes are formed on a semiconductor layer or a semiconductor substrate. Stationary charges are trapped in some of the trap levels or floating electrodes. The charge transfer electrodes are in self-alignment with potential barrier regions.

Abstract: A hand-held massager having a flat vibrating massage head and a pair of percussion massage nodes all being driven by a single internal drive unit. The percussion massage nodes are adjustable for width adjustments being manually controlled by the flat massage head on the opposite side of the massage head. Separate push button controls covered by a sealing membrane are carried on the body of the unit to control power, speed and type of massage.

Abstract: A device for the interconnection of at least two electronic elements separated by at least one buffer zone. The interconnection includes one or more interconnection tracks for the elements, which tracks are perforated at least in parts of the track or tracks situated above the buffer zones.

Abstract: In an apparatus for growing a semiconductor single crystal from semiconductor melt, a crucible retains the semiconductor melt. An electrode contacts with the semiconductor melt and applies current to the semiconductor melt. The electrode is formed of the same material as the semiconductor crystal.

Abstract: A method of carrying out a plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition. A process gas is introduced into a reaction chamber containing a susceptor having a first region on which a semiconductor substrate is placed and a second region other than the first region, upon which a ceramics insulator is placed. A plasma is generated between the susceptor and an electrode, and a thin film is formed on the semiconductor substrate and on the ceramics insulator covering the second region of the susceptor. The resulting plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition results in enhanced uniformity of the thin metal film formed on the semiconductor substrate, and improved yield, and barrier characteristics.

Abstract: To remove sensitivity difference in focusing error signal between land and groove in order to optimize focusing servo gains simultaneously for land and groove. The laser beam reflected by an optical disk is diffracted by a holographic element, and the ±1st order diffracted beams are detected by a photo-detector which comprises a detecting portion for detecting the +1st order diffracted beam and another detecting portion for detecting the −1st order diffracted beam. Focusing error is generated on the basis of the difference between a focusing error signal obtained from the +1st order diffracted beam spot and another focusing error signal obtained from the −1st order diffracted beam spot.

Abstract: An integrated circuit is composed of a substrate, a first conductor formed on the substrate, an insulating film formed on the first conductor and the substrate, a second conductor formed on the insulating film, a first interconnection formed in the insulating film and a second interconnection formed on the insulating film. The first conductor and the second conductor constitute a pair of transmission lines. The first interconnection and the second interconnection constitute a circuit. The pair of transmission lines and the circuit are separated such that the circuit does not substantially interfere electrically with the pair of transmission lines.

Abstract: After an optical element 6, and more preferably both an optical element 6 and an electrical element 7, are mounted on a substrate 1, an upper clad 5 of optical waveguide is formed, covering these elements, and thereby a structure of hermetic seal is achieved through the use of the upper clad 5.

Abstract: Controlled quantities of powdered medication are formed in controlled release packages using electrostating metering. Also provided are combination medication therapy delivery packages comprising two or more active pharmaceuticals segregated from one another in a single delivery package.

Abstract: The present invention provides a chip capacitor, a fabrication method for the same, and a metal mold that can prevent the occurrence of the chip standing phenomenon even when carrying out soldering using reflow soldering, and that be applied to further down-sizing an decreasing of weight. Curved parts 26 and 36 that extend beyond the connecting tongue pieces 21 and 31 of side piece parts 22 and 32 rising in an upward diagonal direction with respect to the connecting tongue pieces 21 and 31 are formed by press bending processing, and thereby the side piece parts 22 and 32 are exposed in an upward rising direction relative to the connecting tongue pieces 21 and 31 at the external end surfaces 15b and 15c of the external resin packaging.

Abstract: This invention provides a color liquid-crystal panel comprising the first substrate having pixel electrodes on which are formed a thin-film transistor as a switching element for each pixel, which is covered by a passivation film, and a color filter layer and a black matrix on the passivation film, which are covered by an overcoat layer, and where the first substrate and the second substrate having a transparent common electrode facing the first substrate are put together via a sealer, forming an inner space which is filled with a liquid-crystal material, wherein a frame-shaped black matrix is formed on the first substrate, covering the periphery of the first substrate.

Abstract: A semiconductor device is provided with a signal terminal, a high potential side power supply terminal, a low potential side power supply terminal, a first wiring connected to the high potential side power supply terminal, a second wiring connected to the low potential side power supply terminal, and an internal circuit to which power is supplied from the first and second wirings. Further the semiconductor device is provided with a first and a second resistance elements whose one end is connected to a first node, a first protection element having a first terminal connected to the first wiring and a second terminal connected to the other end of the first resistance element, a second protection element having a third terminal connected to the other end of the second resistance element and a fourth terminal connected to the second wiring, and a third protection element having a fifth terminal connected to the first wiring and a sixth terminal connected to the second wiring.

Abstract: The present invention provides a perpendicular magnetic recording medium 11 having a perpendicular magnetization film 22 formed on a substrate 20, wherein a high perpendicular orientation film 24 having higher perpendicular orientation than that of the perpendicular magnetization film 22 is formed over or/and under the perpendicular magnetization film 22.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electroabsorption-type optical modulator, which has: a semiconductor substrate; and a semiconductor buffer layer, a semiconductor optical absorption layer and a semiconductor cladding layer which are layered in this order on the semiconductor substrate; wherein the absorption of a light wave supplied to an end of the semiconductor optical absorption layer is controlled by changing an intensity of electric field applied to the semiconductor optical absorption layer; and the semiconductor optical absorption layer has a region with absorption-edge wavelength shorter than that of the other region of the semiconductor optical absorption layer and a voltage corresponding an external electrical signal is simultaneously applied to both the regions of the semiconductor optical absorption layer, so that, to an incident light, a refractive index of the semiconductor optical absorption layer is decreased and an absorption coefficient of the semiconductor optical absorption layer is increased when an inten

Abstract: An optical signal and an optical signal detecting method in which the difference between the outputs of a first photodetector and a second photodetector is taken to generate a differential signal by differential output mean. The photoelectric conversion efficiency of the second photodetector is varied in accordance with the difference in photoelectric conversion efficiency between the first and second photodetectors by a control device.

Abstract: A charge transfer device is provided, capable of preventing degradation of the charge transfer efficiency when the channel width becomes narrower due to the narrow channel effect. The charge transfer device of the present invention is obtained by forming a charge transfer electric field in a channel below a boundary portion between a terminal storage electrode and a terminal barrier electrode, which constitute a pair of charge transfer electrodes located closest to the output electrode, to be higher than a charge transfer electric field in a channel below a boundary portions of pairs of storage electrodes and barrier electrodes, which constitute pairs of storage electrodes and barrier electrodes other than the pair of the terminal electrodes.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus correctly detect a reproducing signal of an optical disk with a high margin. An optical spot is emitted to an optical disk, and information recorded on the optical disk is reproduced based on the optical output by detecting a light transmitted or reflected by the optical disk. Information can be reproduced by a sum signal obtained by adding up optical outputs from the first set of two optical detectors A and B positioned opposite each other in the proceeding direction of the optical spot on the optical disk.