Abstract: Alkyl polyglycoside containing industrial and institutional liquid cleaning compositions which provide for the elimination, or the reduction in the amount, of stabilizing agents.

Abstract: Detergent compositions comprised of an alkyl polyglycoside and an ester quat corresponding to formula (II) ##STR1## wherein R.sup.2 CO is an aliphatic acyl radical containing 12 to 22 carbon atoms and 0, 1, 2 or 3 double bonds, n=2 or 3 and X stands for halide, methosulfate or methophosphate ion are provided which are useful for the production of surface-active agents and for the enhanced recovery of crude oil.

Abstract: The omega-hydroxylase activity in the yeast Candida tropicalis is increased by amplification of the P450ALK and P450RED genes. The specific productivity (grams of dicarboxylic acid/liter/hr) of substantially pure alpha, omega-dicarboxylic acids is increased by culturing C. tropicalis strains having amplified P450ALK and P450RED genes.

Abstract: Hydraulic oils containing a biodegradable base oil comprising eithera) the product of the ethoxylation and/or propoxylation of glycerol with from about 0.5 to about 3 moles of ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide and subsequent esterification with a saturated or unsaturated C.sub.6-24 fatty acid, or mixtures thereof; orb) the product of the insertion of from about 0.5 to about 3 moles of EO and/or PO into a natural oil or fat other than castor oil.

Abstract: Light-colored alkyl oligoglycoside pastes can be obtained by a process in whicha) glycose is reacted with fatty alcohols in the presence of acidic catalysts at elevated temperature to a residual content of glycose of less than 0.1% by weight, based on the starting quantity of glycose,b) water of reaction released is continuously removed from the equilibrium,c) the reaction products are neutralized with a base, the molar ratio of hydrogen ions in the reaction mixture to added base being from 1:1 to 1:1.5,d) unreacted fatty alcohols is separated by distillation,e) the residue is subsequently processed by addition of water to a paste having a solids content of 30 to 70% by weight, based on the paste, the paste is alkalized and, optionally, bleached by methods known per se.

Abstract: A composition and process for enhancing the aesthetic and tactile properties of an alkyl polyglycoside involving combining a first alkyl polyglycoside having the general formula I:RO(Z).sub.a (I)wherein R is a monovalent organic radical having from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms; Z is a saccharide residue having 5 or 6 carbon atoms; and a is a number having a value from about 1 to about 6, with an additive selected from the group consisting of C.sub.6 -C.sub.10 alkyl sulfates, unsaturated aliphatic carboxylic acids including hydroxy-substituted derivatives thereof or their salts, unsaturated aliphatic sorbitan esters, C.sub.8 -C.sub.36 branched aliphatic dicarboxylic acids, C.sub.6 -C.sub.

Abstract: Rinse aids for dishwashing machines comprising(1) an alkyl polyglycoside,(2) an alkyl polyglycol ether, and(3) an organic carboxylic acid wherein the rinse aid is substantially free from foam inhibitors and thickeners.

Abstract: Described is the chemical hydrolysis of partial hydrolysates obtained by the enzymatic decomposition, in aqueous conditions in the presence of alkaline-earth oxides or hydroxides, of protein-containing raw materials containing chromium. This enables protein hydrolysates with a particularly low chromium content to be obtained which are stable to turbidity during storage. The chemical hydrolysis must be carried out in the presence of compounds selected from the alkaline-earth oxides and hydroxides, and within the critical pH range of 11 to 13.

Abstract: Aqueous solutions of anionic surfactants having improved low-temperature stability are obtained by addition to the solutions of mixtures of nonionic surfactants containinga) alkyl and/or alkenyl oligoglycosides corresponding to formula (I)R.sup.1 -O-[G].sub.p (I)in which R.sup.1 is an alkyl and/or alkenyl radical containing 6 to 22 carbon atoms, G is a sugar unit containing 5 or 6 carbon atoms and p is a number of 1 to 10,b) fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers corresponding to formula (II) ##STR1## in which R.sup.2 is an alkyl radical containing 8 to 11 carbon atoms, n is a number of 4 to 9 and m=0 or is a number of 1 to 3, and optionallyc) fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers corresponding to formula (III) ##STR2## in which R.sup.3 is an alkyl radical containing 12 to 15 carbon atoms, n is an integer of 4 to 9 and m=0 or is a number of 1 to 3.The products are particularly suitable for the production of manual dishwashing detergents.

Abstract: Water containing detergent mixtures contain an alkyl and/or alkenyl polyglycoside and an anionic or nonionic surfactant selected from the group consisting of: (a) a narrow range fatty alcohol polyglycol ether, (b) a narrow range fatty alcohol ether sulfate, (c) a fatty acid alkanolamide ether sulfate, and (d) a monoglyceryl ether sulfate are superior detergents for dishwashing formulations and for cosmetics.

Abstract: The preparation of polyol compounds by (a) condensing glycerine in the presence of lithium compounds; (b) continuously distilling off the water produced by the reaction; (c) optionally subjecting the oligoglycerine mixture obtained to a transesterification reaction with fatty-acid glyceride esters. Such polyol compounds are suitable for use as starting materials in the production of polymers.

Abstract: A composition for thickening aqueous based personal care products is comprised of a cosolvent selected from the group consisting of a diol, the mono alkyl ether of a diol, a salt of a sulfated ethoxylated alcohol, a salt of a sulfated ethoxylated alkyl phenol, and a complex organic phosphate ester; water; a nonionic surfactant and, a complex ester.

Abstract: A composition for thickening aqueous based personal care products is comprised of a cosolvent selected from the group consisting of a diol, the mono alkyl ether of a diol, a salt of a sulfated ethoxylated alcohol, a salt of a sulfated ethoxylated alkyl phenol, and a complex organic phosphate ester; water; a nonionic surfactant and, an ester of an ethoxylated polyol.

Abstract: The invention is a process for producing surfactant granules by mixing a water-containing surfactant with a solid to form granules, drying the granules and recycling the dried granules as a portion of the solid.

Abstract: The stability in storage and flowability of liquid water-based alkyl glycoside preparations of relatively low concentration were to be improved and their handling under in-use conditions was to be facilitated by an increase in viscosity with very small quantities of non-alkyl-glycoside active substance. This was achieved by gel-form aqueous mixtures consisting essentially of 2% by weight to 15% by weight of an alkyl glycoside corresponding to the formula R.sup.1 --O(G).sub.n, in which R.sup.1 is an alkyl radical containing 8 to 22 C atoms, G is a glycose unit and n is a number of 1 to 10, 0.05% by weight to 2% by weight of an anionic surfactant of the sulfate or sulfonate type, the ratio by weight of alkyl glycoside to sulfate and/or sulfonate being 40:1 to 5:1, and 83% by weight to 97.95% by weight water or a mixture of water with a water-miscible organic solvent.

Abstract: A mutant fungal strain, namely G. candidum NRRL Y-552, mutant known as Henkel 9-2-3-9 produces a lipase called "UNLipase" providing a selectivity of 25:1 for oleic acid over palmitic acid by the assay procedure employed. UNLipase has a temperature range of operation of between 0 and 40 degrees Celsius (and no activity over 55 degrees Celsius). The optimum pH ranges are between 7.5 and 8.5. Magnesium cations increase activity, whereas calcium cations are inhibitory. The molecular weight of the protein appears to be 65 kDa by size exclusion chromatography. UNLipase shows a high degree of selectivity for hydrolysis, esterification and transesterification.

Abstract: A process for the production of surface-active compounds having improved detergency comprising hydrolyzing a water-containing paste of an alkyl or alkenyl oligoglycoside of the formula (I):R.sup.1 O(G).sub.p (I)wherein R.sup.1 is an alkyl or alkenyl radical having from about 4 to about 22 carbon atoms, G is a sugar unit having 5 or 6 carbon atoms and p is a number of 1 to 10 for a period of from about 5 minutes to about 10 days at a temperature of from about 70.degree. to about 180.degree. C. and under pressures of from about 1 to about 50 bar.

Abstract: Water-free detergent mixtures may be obtained by reacting secondary or tertiary amines with alkylating agents, in a per se known manner, in the presence of fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers with a HLB value in a range from 6 to 12, but without adding water or organic solvents. These products are suitable for preparing surface-active agents.

Abstract: Described are detergent mixtures containing (a) quaternarized fatty-acid alkanolamine esters of formula (I), in which R.sup.1 CO is an aliphatic acyl group with 6 to 22 carbon atoms and 0 or 1 double bonds, Z is an ethylene or isopropylene group, EO is a CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O-- unit, (m+n+p) is a number from 1 to 10 and X is a halide, a methosulphate or an alkylphosphate anion, plus (b) other anionic, non-ionic and/or amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants. Such mixtures have a high foaming power, are easily concentrated and have a long shelf life.

Abstract: Hydraulic oils containing as a base oil at least one Guerbet alcohol of the formula R--OH in which R is a single branched radical containing from 24 to 44 carbon atoms and having an iodine value of from 20 to 150.