Abstract: In a magnetic recording tape cassette having a tape guide member disposed on the recording side of a recording tape and a tape pad member which is pressed against the base side opposite to the recording side when the recording tape runs, at least a part of the tape pad member which is brought into direct contact with the recording tape when the tape pad member is pressed thereagainst is made of self-lubricating and hardwearing plastic resin.

Abstract: A printing member for electrostatic photocopying, comprises a substrate having a conductive surface and a photoelectric-sensitive, electrically chargeable layer deposited on the conductive surface of the substrate. The electrically chargeable layer has a non-single crystal semiconductor layer having a built-in-potential, or the non-single crystal semiconductor layer and an insulating or semi-insulating layer.

Abstract: Apparatus for and method of cultivating micro-organisms.The apparatus includes a tank 10 in which the cultivation medium flows, for example sewage or trade effluent to be treated. Within the tank are hollow plates 11 into which flows an oxygenating gas. The plates have walls of gas-permeable material to the outer face of which the micro organisms adhere. Air or oxygen within the plates pass through the wall and through the layer of micro organisms, to provide an aerobic biomass 20 (FIG. 3). This biomass is thicker or more active than the aerobic layer 21 of apparatus where the biomass is acted upon only from the outer faces such as in fuller beds (FIG. 1) or rotary discs (FIG. 2).Tubes or troughs may be used instead of plates; the tubes may be upright or horizontal with the air or oxygen passing therethrough. The troughs may be open topped.The plate, tube or trough consists of a frame 14, a net 15 mounted on the frame and supporting the gas-permeable walls, which may be of micro porous material 16.

Abstract: In an image scanning system in which a light beam is deflected by an optical deflector to effect the main scanning across a recording medium while the subscanning is effected by mechanically moving the recording medium, the optical components for scanning the light beam across the recording medium and the mechanical components for moving the recording medium in the sub-scanning direction are all mounted on a single frame. The single frame is mounted by way of a vibration insulator on an outer frame structure of the system on which means for feeding the recording medium to the scanning position and for discharging it therefrom is mounted.

Abstract: A display panel which is provided with a display surface structure having a large number of display elements rotatably arranged in a vertical plane. The display elements are each formed by a block member having a plurality of display surfaces of different colors and a plurality of magnetic pieces. One of the magnetic pieces is shorter than the others in a lateral direction. By successive movement of head assemblies, each comprised of a first erasing head, a second erasing head and a writing head, one or more of the display elements are turned to bring a predetermined one of their display surfaces to the front of the display surface to erase a display of a character, graph, pattern or the like provided thereon, thereafter bringing a selected one of the display surfaces of a selected display element or elements to the front of the display surface to provide thereon a display of a character, graph, pattern or the like.

Abstract: A return electrode monitoring system for use with a patient return electrode adapted for contacting a patient, the return electrode having two, spaced apart conductors attached thereto for connecting the electrode to a generator of electrosurgical current which passes through the electrode, the system comprising means for applying a monitoring current through the conductors to the electrode; detecting means responsive to the monitoring current for producing a signal which is a function of the impedance between the two conductors, the detecting means including means for substantially eliminating any effect the electrosurgical current might have on the production of the signal when the generator is operational and the patient is in contact with the electrode; means for establishing a desired range having at least an upper limit for the impedance; and determining means responsive to the signal for determining whether the impedance is within the desired range.

Abstract: A return electrode monitoring system for use with a split patient return electrode having two, electrically isolated electrode elements adapted for contacting a patient, the system comprising means responsive to the impedance between the two electrode elements for producing a signal which is a function of the impedance; means for establishing a desired range having an upper limit and a lower limit for the impedance when the patient is in contact with the electrode elements; determining means responsive to the signal for determining whether the impedance is within the desired range; and adjusting means for adjusting the upper limit to adapt the system to the particular impedance of the patient in response to the particular impedance occurring within the desired range.

Abstract: A device for mounting an ink roller made up of a cylindrical ink carrier body and having on its ends, end-disks. The diameter of these end-disks is larger than the ink roller body. Such ink rollers are used in printing devices in order that the printing types characters are inked prior to the actual printing process. To simplify the handling of such ink rollers, especially when exchanging a used ink roller for a new ink roller while at the same time avoiding the smudging of fingers or clothing of service personnel, the device is provided with two U-shaped cups that are interconnected and whose widths--at the open ends--are equal to the width of the new ink roller. The depth of these cups is equal to the diameter of the end disks of the new ink roller, and the cups are provided on both their sides with areas which act as clamps for the end disks and whereby the width of one cup--in its entire dept--is constant; while the width of the other cup increases from the open end in the direction of the closed-off end.

Abstract: A self-cleaning reflective road marker comprises a housing formed of a generally cylindrical portion insertable into the road and a flanged portion for lying on the road surface connected thereto. The housing contains a stud mounted on a rubber hemisphere. The stud contains a circular reflector and the housing contains a circular o-ring located in the flanged portion opposite the reflector. In response to the passing of a tire over the marker, the stud is depressed and the reflector is wiped clean by the o-ring. On removal of the tire force, the resilience of the rubber hemisphere forces the stud into its original position and the reflector is further cleaned by the o-ring.The stud consists of two parts connected together, from above by a threaded bolt such that when the marker is fixed in the road the part can be removed to enable removal or replacement of the reflector and the o-ring.

Abstract: As many as four kinds of high-speed playback of a videodisc can be selected with only two operating switches. This is accomplished by extracting the vertical synchronizing signal from the composite video signal read from the videodisc and, based on this vertical synchronizing signal, producing more than one pulse delayed by a prescribed time. The vertical synchronizing signal and/or the delayed pulses are gated by independently outputted forward or reverse indicator signals for high-speed playback. High-speed playback is executed by forcibly driving the target tracking unit one track at a time in the direction designated by the indicator signal more than twice during the substantial vertical blanking time of the television image corresponding to the gated vertical synchronizing signal and/or the delayed pulses. When the forward and reverse indicator signals are both generated, an even higher speed playback is obtained.

Abstract: A bass-reflex type speaker system having a cabinet including a front baffle board, a back panel and two side panels and a speaker mounted on the front panel. A port is disposed in either the back panel or in one of the side panels and a duct is in communication with the port. The back panel may be flat or have a generally triangular cross-sectional configuration where the apex of the triangle is directed toward the speaker. Further, the speaker may be positioned in the approximate center of the front baffle board and the port positioned at the apex of the back panel. A beam may be provided extending across and spaced from the port, the beam having a triangular shaped tip directed toward and spaced from the port.

Abstract: An arrangement for determining the level in a container includes a capacitive probe disposed in the container, a measuring transducer arranged in the vicinity of the container, and a remote evaluation apparatus. The measuring transducer produces a signal corresponding to the capacitance between the probe and the container. This signal, which is indicative of the level in the container, is transmitted from the transducer to the evaluation apparatus via a two-wire line, which also transmits the current supply DC voltage from the evaluation apparatus to the transducer. The transducer includes a switch for periodically switching from the probe capacitance to a test capacitance. The evaluation apparatus comprises a time control circuit which periodically varies or interrupts the DC voltage on the two-wire line, and the transducer includes a control circuit which responds to the voltage changes to actuate the switch.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine and control system therefor are disclosed of either the gasoline or diesel type having an odd number of cylinders one of which is a master cylinder with a displacement larger than the remaining cylinders. The master cylinder's function is to operate the engine's auxiliary equipment during idle to conserve fuel and assist the other cylinders during heavy load conditions but be cut off from operation when the load is light.

Abstract: An arrangement for generating DC magnetic fields of alternating polarity for the magnetic-inductive flow measurement by means of a field coil which is connected via alternately controlled switching members to a DC voltage source, wherein during the reversal time following the change-over of the switching members a capacitor is connected to the field coil to form a resonant circuit separate from the DC voltage source and the capacitance C of the capacitor in dependence upon the desired reversal time .DELTA.t has substantially the value ##EQU1## wherein L is the inductance and R the ohmic resistance of the field coil.

Abstract: A hand labeller having a plurality of rotatable print wheels with selectable print types disposed on the periphery of each print wheel and a selector spindle for positioning selected print types at a printing zone of the print wheels. The selector spindle includes a reduced diameter portion which engages and slides in an arcuate slot in the labeller housing if (a) the spindle is fully pushed into the print wheels and (b) the labeller is operated to rotate the print zone of the print wheels to a label printing position. If the spindle is not fully pushed in, a large diameter portion of the spindle will engage the arcuate slot, the latter portion being too large to enter the slot whereby the print zone of the print wheels is inhibited from rotation to the label printing position.

Abstract: In a radiation image information read out apparatus using a stimulable phosphor in which a radiation image is once recorded and then read out by use of stimulating rays impinging thereupon, the gain of the read out system is controlled according to a fluctuation of the intensity of the stimulating ray source by use of an additional photodetector. The read out gain is also controlled according to the radiographic conditions by means of the standard signal for setting the sensitivity level of the read out system.

Abstract: An imprinter having a roller platen assembly movably mounted on a head member for imprinting data from a printing plate such as a credit card onto a form positioned over the plate. The roller platen assembly has a reciprocally driven carriage means containing at least one removably mounted cartridge containing at least one row of roller platens mounted therein in parallel, spaced apart relationship to each other. A plurality of backup rollers are rotatably mounted within said roller platen assembly, each in contact and vertical alignment with each of the platen rollers when the cartridge means is in position within the carriage means. At least one of the roller platens is in contact with the raised printing elements of the printing plate at all times during each printing cycle of the imprinter to thereby lessen any tendency for smudging of the form to occur.

Abstract: A semi-amorphous, photoelectric conversion semiconductor which is formed of a mixture of a microcrystalline semiconductor and a non-crystalline semiconductor and in which the mixture is doped with a dangling bond neutralizer, such as hydrogen, chlorine or fluorine, and the microcrystalline semiconductor has a lattice strain and a particle size of 5 to 200 A.

Abstract: A gate valve is disclosed having a casing with inlet and outlet apertures one of which has a valve seat. An actuator reciprocal transversely of the apertures is provided having two oppositely disposed faces. At least one plate member which serves as a valve head flanks at least one of the faces for cooperation with said valve seat. And rectangular-shaped rotative means are positioned between the actuator member and the plate member for moving the plate member from an open to a closed/latched position as the actuator member is moved.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a printing mechanism for printing bar codes on pressure-sensitive labels adhering to a carrier tape. The printing mechanism includes a print wheel on which a plurality of type rings rotatable about a common axis relatively to each other are mounted. The carrier tape with the pressure-sensitive labels adhering thereto is pressed with the aid of a pressure roller against the print wheel. To enable the bar codes to be printed to be read without error with electrooptical reading devices, high requirements are made of the printing quality of the bar codes as regards uniformity and contrast. To meet these requirements the type rings comprise a cylindrical peripheral surface on which bar code types of resilient material are formed with which an inking means is in contact; the pressure roller is rotatable about an axis extending parallel to the axis of the type rings and consists of non-resilient material.