Abstract: The object of the invention is to provide a small-size image forming apparatus in which a plurality of light emitting element arrays are easily aligned with each other at high accuracy. Each of light emitting element arrays of Y, M, C, K comprises a plurality of LED elements arranged in a straight line and is driven by a color image signal of each color. On the reference plate disposed on the support are arranged head substrates having light emitting element arrays of each color in such a manner that the light emitting element arrays are nearly in parallel with each other. On a peripheral surface of each photosensitive drum, an electrostatic latent image forming position is established where an electrostatic image is formed by receiving light from each of the light emitting element arrays, and toner of the specified color is supplied to the specified electrostatic latent image forming apparatus by each developing device.

Abstract: Functional circuits such as a processor, an SRAM, a DRAM and a flash-EEPROM are mounted on a semiconductor chip. Of these functional circuits, for example, the flash-EEPROM which fluctuates a potential of the semiconductor chip is separated from the other circuits by means of a separating region provided in the semiconductor chip. In addition, the separating region is put in contact with the entire side faces of the semiconductor chip.

Abstract: In a semiconductor memory device, assuming that the ratio of a memory capacity of a region of a memory array per one of elements, which are simultaneously activated in the memory array in which x elements (x is an integer of two or more) are simultaneously activated and which is divided into a plurality of repair regions, each of which has at least two elements, to a memory capacity in one of the repair regions corresponding to one of spare element groups is y (y is an integer of one or more), each of the repair regions is designed so that a plurality of elements are simultaneously activated in its own repair region, and each of the spare element groups is designed so that the number of spare elements simultaneously activated in each of the spare element groups is one. Thus, it is possible to effectively reduce electric current consumption in the total of redundant control circuits.

Abstract: In a crystal holding apparatus, a corrugated portion between a seed crystal and a straight cylindrical portion of a monocrystal is held by holding portions of a lifting jig during a monocrystal growth process in which the seed crystal is brought into contact with material melt and is subsequently pulled while being rotated. In the crystal holding apparatus, an attachment member for establishing surface contact with the corrugated portion of the crystal is attached to the tip end of each holding portion of the lifting jig. Therefore, the monocrystal can be held reliably, so that the breaking and falling down of the monocrystal during the pulling operation can be prevented.

Abstract: The disclosed device and method can inspect the CMOS integrated circuit devices at high precision on the basis of the static current of the voltage supply connected thereto. A CMOS integrated circuit comprises: at least one CMOS circuit having at least one P-channel MOS transistor and at least one N-channel MOS transistor; a first pad connected to a source of the P-channel MOS transistor; a second pad connected to a source of the N-channel MOS transistor; a third pad connected to an N-type substrate or an N-type well formed with the P-channel MOS transistor; and a fourth pad connected to a P-type substrate or a P-type well formed with the N-channel MOS transistor.

Abstract: A hand held, flammable gas igniter includes a handle with a thumb activated trigger extending, out of the handle top, a child safety lock mounted in the handle bottom, a cylinder filled with a flammable gas enclosed within the handle and a hollow tube extending forward from the handle to deliver the gas, when ignited, to a desired location, such as charcoal in a barbecue or wood in a fireplace. When the child safety lock is activated the trigger is released so that it can move downward and forward into the handle causing an L-shaped rocker to pivot forward, opening a gas flow valve on the cylinder, delivering the flammable gas to the end of the hollow tube. The movement of the trigger also activates a piezoelectric spark generator, delivering an igniting spark to the gas at the end of the tube.

Abstract: A container for holding liquid can be used, for example, as a promotional item or novelty item for a business establishment, business, product, or service. The container includes a vessel having a translucent circumferential side wall and a solid transparent window formed at a first location in the side wall. A design element is mounted at a second location on the side wall opposite the first location. When the vessel is filled with liquid to a height above the transparent window and design element, a magnified impression of the design element can be observed through the transparent window. The container can be used, for example, as a promotional item to advertise or promote a product, service, business, or business establishment, or alternatively as a novelty item for personal enjoyment and entertainment purposes.

Abstract: A data structure and method for dynamic type resolution in mapping abstract syntax notation (ASN.1) onto an object-oriented programming language (C++). For each information object class in ASN.1, two C++ classes are generating, a "set class" that models information object sets in that ASN.1 class, and a "class class" that models information objects in that ASN.1 class. For each information object set in an ASN.1 module class, a C++ data member is defined and a virtual resolve method is generated that may be invoked during the decoding process to permit dynamic extension of each information object set. A coder environment is provided in C++ that has pointers to instances of the various C++ module classes, enabling selective control of the type resolution information presented to the decoder.

Abstract: A cartridge for an ink jet printer capable of directly or indirectly reducing the capacity of a wasted ink recovery unit without causing any restraint to a printing function, an ink jet printer adapted to accommodate this cartridge, and an ink jet printer capable of reducing a printing time without causing any restraint to the printing function are provided. In the cartridge for an ink jet printer, containing a printing article and removably mounted in an ink jet printer, a wasted ink recovery unit for storing wasted ink produced in the ink jet printer is provided in a cartridge case. This allows the capacity of the wasted ink recovery unit to be determined on the basis of a cartridge exchanging frequency. The ink jet printer adapted to accommodate this cartridge does not require a wasted ink recovery unit, so that its size can be reduced correspondingly.

Abstract: In a display device in which glass substrates are pasted together and a display material is filled therebetween and a method of manufacturing the same, provided is a display device composed of soda glass chemically strengthened by substituting atoms having an ionic radius larger than that of sodium atoms for sodium atoms on the surfaces of the glass substrates, and a method of manufacturing a display device wherein a chemical strengthening is carried out by dipping a soda glass substrate or a cell for the display device manufactured by using the substrate in a solution or a molten solution of a salt including cations having an ionic radius larger than that of sodium atoms.

Abstract: There are disclosed an apparatus and method for cleaning a precision substrate through use of high-frequency- or ultrasonic-applied cleaning liquid. An object substrate is horizontally held and rotated. High-frequency- or ultrasonic-applied cleaning liquid is jetted toward the surface of the object substrate from first cleaning liquid jetting unit disposed above the object substrate, and the nozzle of the first cleaning liquid jetting unit is moved in parallel with the surface of the object substrate. Cleaning liquid is also fed toward the central portion of the surface of the object substrate from cleaning liquid feed-to-center unit during cleaning. In the cleaning apparatus and method, a sufficiently high cleaning speed is attained.

Abstract: A highly integrated semiconductor device is made using a high precision manufacturing process having a comparatively small number of process steps. The device is substantially free of misalignment between structures formed with respect to openings formed in the middle of layers. An interlayer insulating film with an opening is formed on a first conductor, and a second conductor is deposited on the resultant structure. Part of the second conductor enters the opening, thereby producing a depression in the second conductor, which has a sharp-angled bottom situated at the horizontal center of the opening. A film made of, for example, a nitride is deposited on the second conductor to fill the depression. Thereafter, this film is removed such that part of it remains in the depression. Using the remaining film as a mask, the second conductor is removed to the same level as the interlayer insulting film.

Abstract: In the dielectric ceramic of this invention, a perovskite-type crystal phase is precipitated as a main crystal phase and a complex oxide crystal phase other than the perovskite-type crystal phase is precipitated as a sub-crystal phase, wherein the above perovskite-type crystal phase contains Mg, W, an iron family metal elements and/or Zn and Ba and/or Sr as metal elements, and the complex oxide crystal phase contains W, and Ba and/or Sr as metal elements and the main crystal phase and the sub-crystal phase have a peak intensity ratio by X-ray diffraction of formula (1):I.sub.112 /I.sub.211 <0.10 (1)wherein I.sub.112 represents a peak intensity of the (112) plane in a tetra-gonal system in the above sub-crystal phase, and I.sub.211 represents a peak intensity of the (211) plane in a rhombohedral system in the main crystal phase.

Abstract: An optical disc reproducing apparatus includes a semiconductor laser, an objective lens converging a laser beam from the semiconductor laser on a recording surface of an optical disc, a polarization plane rotating unit selectively rotating the plane of polarization of the laser beam according to the thickness of a substrate of the optical disc, and a polarizing filter selectively shading a peripheral portion of the laser beam having the rotated plane of polarization. In one embodiment, a numerical aperture changing unit includes a non-patterned twisted nematic liquid crystal, and the polarizing filter includes a polarizing film having a polarization characteristics at its peripheral portion.

Abstract: A method for producing a silicon single crystal in accordance with the Czochralski method. The single crystal is grown in an N.sub.2 (V) region where a large amount of precipitated oxygen and which is located within an N region located outside an OSF ring region, or is grown in a region including the OSF ring region, N.sub.1 (V) and N.sub.2 (V) regions located inside and outside the OSF ring region, in a defect distribution chart which shows a defect distribution in which the horizontal axis represents a radial distance D (mm) from the center of the crystal and the vertical axis represents a value of F/G (mm.sup.2 /.degree.C..multidot.min), where F is a pulling rate (mm/min) of the single crystal, and G is an average intra-crystal temperature gradient (.degree.C./mm) along the pulling direction within a temperature range of the melting point of silicon to 1400.degree. C.

Abstract: A non-volatile semiconductor memory device includes a memory cell array constituted of a plurality of memory cell units arranged on a semiconductor substrate in rows and columns, each of the memory cell units is constituted of a plurality of electrically rewritable memory cells connected to each other, and has a selective transistor at one end, and a plurality of bit lines arranged in parallel in a column direction and connected to corresponding one of the memory cell units at the one end of the memory cell unit, and a selective gate line connected to a gate of the selective transistor.

Abstract: A gaming apparatus which comprises a slot machine capable of accepting either paper currency, preprinted coupons, or cash out slips. The slot machine also includes a printer that prints and dispenses cash out slips which include a bar code representing a unique identification that provides the amount of "winnings". The cash out slips can be scanned into a separate currency dispenser at a Cashier's Station for receiving currency, either from the dispenser or from an attendant. A central processing unit (CPU) generates the unique codes for regulating the game to be played, the wager limits of the game and the validity of the free play coupons or the cash out tickets. The above gaming system avoids having to use coins or tokens in the operation of slot machines.

Abstract: A voltage/current converting circuit whose gain is hard to be influenced by the fluctuation in process has a constant current source for generating a constant current; a shunt circuit for flowing the constant current generated by said constant current source to a first and second current paths, the first current path flowing a first current corresponding to an input voltage, and the second current path flowing a second current defined as a difference between the constant current and the first current; and an output circuit for taking out a current bearing a predetermined relationship with the first current.

Abstract: The facsimile machine connected with a personal computer such that it can send image data to the personal computer. The facsimile machine first requests the personal computer to supply data about communication capability of the personal computer such as resolution mode (scanning line density) and coding method to the personal computer. Upon this request, the personal computer outputs necessary data to the facsimile machine. If a user of the facsimile machine sets to scan the image at a resolution finer than a resolution of the personal computer, then resolution is automatically changed to a rougher resolution to conform with the personal computer. The facsimile machine then scans the image at the modified resolution. The scanned image is coded by the same coding method as the personal computer. The image scanned and coded in line with the communication capability of the personal computer is then stored in a memory and transmitted to the personal computer from the memory.