Abstract: A GaN layer 31 is subjected to etching, so as to form an island-like structure having, for example, a dot, stripe, or grid shape, thereby providing a trench/mesa structure including mesas and trenches whose bottoms sink into the surface of a substrate base 1. Subsequently, a GaN layer 32 is lateral-epitaxially grown with the top surfaces of the mesas and sidewalls of the trenches serving as nuclei, to thereby fill upper portions of the trenches (depressions of the substrate base 1), and then epitaxial growth is effected in the vertical direction. In this case, propagation of threading dislocations contained in the GaN layer 31 can be prevented in the upper portion of the GaN layer 32 that is formed through lateral epitaxial growth.

Abstract: In a transparent laminate, n thin-film units (n=3 or 4) are laminated unit by unit successively on a surface of a substrate, and a high-refractive-index transparent thin film is deposited on a surface of the laminate of the n thin-film units, each of the n thin-film units consisting of a high-refractive-index thin film and a silver transparent conductive thin film. When the silver transparent conductive thin films are deposited by a vacuum dry process, the temperature T(K) of the transparent substrate at the time of film deposition is set to be in a range 340?T?410, whereby the transparent laminate having a standard deviation of visible light transmittance which is not larger than 5% in a wave range of from 450 to 650 nm can be produced.

Abstract: A package with a locking mechanism provided with a package main body to be inserted into and removed from a cage and locked fastenably and releasably with the cage, a locking-dislocking mechanism for locking and dislocking the package main body with the cage, and an operation lever for the locking-dislocking mechanism wherein the locking-dislocking mechanism is attached to the package main body, the operation lever has a plurality of members to be pivoted detachably on the package main body, and any one of the members to be pivoted which is selected arbitrarily therefrom is pivoted on the package main body so as to rotate the operation lever.

Abstract: A digital PLL (phase locked loop) circuit includes a sampling circuit, a plurality of internal circuits and an output switching circuit. The sampling circuit samples a burst data signal in response to a multi-phase clock signal to produce N (N is a positive integer larger than one) sampled data signals. The multi-phase clock signal includes N clock signals, each of which has substantially the same frequency as the data signal and which have phases different by a predetermined component from one after another. Each of the plurality of internal circuits is selected in response to a first selection signal, and outputs a set of a selected one of the N clock signals and an identified data signal from the N sampled data signals, which corresponds to the selected clock signal, in response to the selected clock signal, when the internal circuit is selected.

Abstract: A method and system for performing parasitic extraction, wherein the method comprises calculating the minimum output impedance for a network-connected component comprising a plurality of ports thereby producing a labeled impedance, estimating the minimum output impedance for every net, comparing the labeled impedance with the estimated impedance, and selecting the net which needs to be extracted based on a ratio of values of the labeled impedance and the estimated impedance. The step of calculating comprises labeling every port with a minimum size of port impedance, a resistance from a port to power, and a minimum capacitance of a port-net inside the network connected component. The step of estimating comprises using a geometry of segments of the net comprising a summation of area and perimeter values of all the segments of the net, or calculating a resistance over a length of a total net versus an average width of the net.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a relatively lower threshold level MOSFET and relatively higher threshold level MOSFETs of n- and p-types. The higher threshold level MOSFETs have gate oxide films which is thicker than that of the lower threshold level MOSFET and, in addition, the gate oxide film of the higher threshold level MOSFET of n-type is thicker than that of the higher threshold level MOSFET of p-type. To fabricate the semiconductor device, implantation treatments of fluorine ions are carried out before the gate oxide treatment. Specifically, as for the higher threshold level MOSFETs of n- and p-types, implantation treatments of fluorine ions are independently carried out with unique implantation conditions.

Abstract: An optical communication module for communicating a light signal including a groove portion whose section is V-shaped and provided on the surface of an optical waveguide substrate, on one of two surfaces of which groove portion a mirror is formed by the coating with a metal film and in the vicinity of the other surface of which groove portion, a tip of an optical waveguide on the optical waveguide substrate is provided, whereby a signal light guided by the optical waveguide is reflected by the mirror of the metal film so as to be incident on a light-receiving element disposed on the surface of the optical waveguide substrate.

Abstract: The user of a client computer is notified of services made available by a desired store. A store server is installed in a store. The user of the client computer sends an order-taking server an indication of a service the user wishes to have performed, and the order-taking server retrieves the names of stores providing this desired service. Information relating to stores found is transmitted from the order-taking server to the client computer. The store-related information is displayed on the client computer and a desired store (e.g., one located near the user's residence) is selected by the user. A service relating to image printing selected by the user is performed at the selected store. When the printing of the image is completed at the selected store, the user goes to the store to pick up the printed matter.

Abstract: A method (and apparatus) of determinstically replaying an observable run-time behavior of distributed multi-threaded programs on multiprocessors in a shared-memory multiprocessor environment, wherein a run-time behavior of the programs includes sequences of events, each sequence being associated with one of a plurality of execution threads, includes identifying an execution order of critical events of the program, wherein the program includes critical events and non-critical events, generating groups of critical events of the program, generating, for each given execution thread, a logical thread schedule that identifies a sequence of the groups associated with the given execution thread, and storing the logical thread schedule for subsequent reuse.

Abstract: The invention is directed to provide a vehicle interior illumination device which has a high illuminating effect and which can be used for various kinds of illumination in a vehicle. The illumination device disposed in a roof portion of the interior of a vehicle, including: a first light-emitting section having a first light source constituted by a plurality of first LEDs disposed at substantially regular spaces; and a second light-emitting section having a second light source constituted by a second LED, and a second outer lens with which a light emission side of the second light source is covered and by which light emitted from said second light source is converged and radiated out.

Abstract: A barrier layer made of AlxGa1-xN (0<x?0.18) is formed in a light-emitting semiconductor device using gallium nitride compound having a multi quantum-well (MQW) structure. By controlling a composition ratio x of aluminum (Al) or thickness of the barrier layer, luminous intensity of the device is improved. An n-cladding layer made of AlxGa1-xN (0<x?0.06) is formed in a light-emitting semiconductor device using gallium nitride compound. By controlling a composition ratio x of aluminum or thickness of the n-cladding layer, luminous intensity of the device is improved. A p-type layer and an n-type layer are formed in a light-emitting semiconductor device using gallium nitride compound having a double-hetero junction structure. By controlling a ratio of a hole concentration of the p-type layer and an electron concentration of the n-type layer approximates to 1, luminous intensity of the device is improved.

Abstract: A multi-color printer (and a method therefor) includes a drum-shaped photosensitive body for black toner, a belt-shaped toner carrier for non-black color toner, a first transferring unit for transferring a color-toner image formed on the belt-shaped toner carrier to a medium, a second transferring unit for transferring a black toner image formed on the drum-shaped photosensitive body, the drum-shaped photosensitive body being disposed near the belt-shaped toner carrier, and a fusing unit for fusing to the medium the black toner image and the color toner image transferred to the paper.

Abstract: An external connection terminal connector as a separate part that mounts the igniter is abolished, and the external connection terminal is integrated with the igniter itself. The igniter has the electronic components mounted on an internal wiring substrate, and the electronic components within the igniter and the external connection terminal are directly connected by wire bonding.

Abstract: According to this double row tapered roller bearing apparatus, an integral outer ring (2) is provided with oil vents (20) which extend from an inner peripheral face (17) in an area outward in an axial direction than a rolling face (2B) on which an axially outward row of conical rollers (7) rolls and passes through an outer peripheral face (18). Therefore, a portion of lubricating oil supplied from oil supply holes (13) in the integral outer ring (2) passes the oil vents (20) via the axially outward row of the conical rollers (7), and will be returned to a space in a housing (1) by way of a channel (31) in the housing (1). In conclusion, a circulating path of the lubricating oil through the outward row of the conical rollers (7) can be formed by the oil vents (20).

Abstract: A structure and method for performing back-to-back read and write memory operations to a same DRAM bank comprising articulating between reading data on a first bank during successive first bank read cycles and writing data to a second bank during successive second bank write cycles, cycling between reading data on the second bank during successive second bank read cycles and writing data to the first bank during successive first bank write cycles, and performing a refresh cycle on the first and second bank, wherein the first bank write cycles lag the first bank read cycles, and wherein the second bank write cycles lag the second bank read cycles. Moreover, the read and write memory operations constantly swap between the read and write cycles and between the first and second bank.

Abstract: A method (and resultant structure) of forming a semiconductor structure, includes forming a mixed rare earth oxide on silicon. The mixed rare earth oxide is lattice-matched to silicon.

Abstract: A computer method for providing optimization for design processes for situations wherein there is defined a functional form y=f(x,b), where x comprises a set of independent controllable variables x={x1, . . . xn}, b comprises a set of functional parameters b={b1, . . . bm}, and y comprises a dependent uncontrollable design variable, f(x,b) subject to constraints on the dependent uncontrollable design variable y. The method comprises the steps of converting the constraints on y to constraints on b by using a functional estimate of y and its design variables (parameters) b; optimizing the function f(x,b) subject to the converted constraints on its design variables (parameters) b; and generating from step (ii) a set of optimized values of b which can optimize the dependent design variable y.

Abstract: A differential mechanism for a vehicle has: a differential for transferring a rotational drive force of an input shaft to two output shafts; an input generator motor for generating electric power using a rotational drive force of the input shaft and/or applying the rotational drive force to the input shaft using electric power supplied thereto; an output generator motor for generating electric power and applying a rotational drive force to the one of the output shafts; and connecting means for electrically connecting the input side generator motor with the output generator motor; switching control unit for switching between an output drive force control for supplying electric power generated by the input generator motor to the output generator motor and the input drive force application control for supplying electric power generated by the output generator motor to the input generator motor.

Abstract: A positioning apparatus and method for accurately determining a current position of a mobile station. The current position of the mobile station is determined utilizing radio waves arriving from a plurality of base stations installed in a communication area. For calculating a propagation range of a radio wave arriving from each base station, error correction processing is performed using a predetermined error correction coefficient previously calculated by measuring a radio wave propagation situation around each base station to estimate a propagation range of a direct wave within incoming radio waves. The current position of the mobile station is determined using the estimated propagation range and the positions of the respective base station.

Abstract: A method (and system) of printing, includes forming a matrix of pixels, determining an order of printing of the pixels, the determining including finding a weight of the pixels and printing a pixel having a highest weight, and reordering the remaining pixels and printing a pixel having the greatest weight of the remaining pixels until all pixels have been printed.