Abstract: The subject of the invention is a method for controlling the quality of a service (85) that includes at least one technical component (86) defined according to one of several possible technologies, the quality of service being defined by a technical contract (100) between the provider of the service and a customer and the contract (100) including quality criteria (101) associated with thresholds (102) and related to said technology.

Abstract: Disclosed is a power amplifier having highly stable and excellent controllability, and having low noise in comparison with conventional power amplifiers. With the power amplifier, a differential amplifier made up of transistors Q1, Q2 is provided in the initial stage thereof, and baluns doubling as inter-stage matching circuits, comprised of Cp1, Cp2, Lp1, and Ct1, Ct2, Lt1, respectively, are provided between the initial stage, and a second stage while an unbalanced single-ended circuit is provided in the second stage. The differential amplifier has an emitter-coupled type configuration for coupling both emitters with each other, and output control of the amplifier in the initial stage is executed by varying current of a current source coupled to both the emitters.

Abstract: Disclosed is a redundant braking system for a vehicle. A controller may monitor a status of a hydraulic braking system, and during vehicle travel, automatically switch to a modulated electric braking system which is separate from the hydraulic braking system when the hydraulic braking system fails. The modulated electric braking system may utilize a brake acting on a drive shaft of the vehicle, and an operator-actuated switch may set a mode of the modulated electric braking system to a non-modulated parking brake mode.

Abstract: Providing a high zoom ratio zoom lens system having a short total lens length and a small diameter of the first group despite of securing excellent optical performance, a half angle of view of 3.5° or less in the telephoto end, an f-number of 6 or less in the telephoto end, and a zoom ratio of about 10 or more. The system is composed of a first group having positive power, a second group having negative power, a third group having positive power, and a fourth group having positive power. The first group is composed of, in order from the object, a negative meniscus lens having a convex surface facing the object, a first positive lens having a convex surface facing the object, and a second positive lens. All groups moves along the optical axis upon zooming from a wide-angle end to a telephoto end. Given conditions are satisfied.

Abstract: A confocal microscope with improved light use efficiency is provided. Thus, the confocal microscope has a section which concentrates illumination light to a target point of a specimen and non-target points adjacent thereto for simultaneous illumination; a section which receives light entering into a light reception portion conjugated with the target point, without distinguishing light emitted from the target point and light emitted from the non-target points, and outputs a light reception signal according to the intensity of the light; a section which changes the number of non-target points and successively captures the light reception signals before and after the change in the number of the target points; and a section which generates a confocal signal according to intensity of light emitted from the target point, based on a relationship between the captured light reception signals and the number of non-target points.

Abstract: The invention intends to provide a memory card conforming to an HS-MMC mode in a standard of a multimedia card, while securing compatibility of both standards of the multimedia card and an SD card. In a normal MMC mode, the data is outputted at a fall edge of a clock signal. A frequency of the clock signal is about 20 MHz. When the data is outputted at the fall edge of the clock signal, data output is in time for a next clock signal. When a parameter ‘1’ is set to a timing register provided in a host interface, the memory card is transitioned into the HS-MMC mode. In the HS-MMC mode, a clock signal frequency is increased to about 52 MHz. Here, the data is outputted at the rise edge of the clock signal, whereby the data output is brought in time for the rise edge of the next clock signal.

Abstract: For a nonvolatile memory permitting electrical writing and erasing of information to be stored, such as a flash memory, the load on the system developer is to be reduced, and it is to be made possible to avoid, even if such important data for the system as management and address translation information are damaged, an abnormal state in which the system becomes unable to operate.

Abstract: The range-specified IP addresses are effectively stored to reduce the number of necessary entries thereby the memory capacity of TCAM is improved. The representative means of the present invention is that: the storage information (entry) and the input information (comparison information or search key) are the common block code such that any bit must be the logical value ‘1’; Match-lines are hierarchically structured and memory cells are arranged at the intersecting points of a plurality of sub-match lines and a plurality of search lines; Further the sub-match lines are connected to main-match lines through the sub-match detectors, respectively and main-match detectors are arranged on the main-match lines.

Abstract: An object is to provide an aspherical lens having compactness in dimension, large degree of freedom in design, and good optical performance, with increasing in productivity, and lowering production cost. The aspherical lens constructed by a substrate member A and a member B having different composition formed on the substrate member A. A boundary between the substrate member A and the member B having different composition is formed by a first aspherical surface RAB, and a surface of the member B having different composition opposite to the boundary being formed by a second aspherical surface RB having higher fabrication accuracy than that of the first aspherical surface RAB, and given conditional expressions are satisfied.

Abstract: There is provided a non-volatile memory capable of being supplied with two varieties of externally supplied voltages, stabilizing the operation thereof, at a voltage in the vicinity of a threshold voltage for switching over between the externally supplied voltages, and stabilizing the operation thereof, at the times of writing and erasing, respectively. The non-volatile memory comprises a power supply circuit incorporating a hysteresis comparator having two voltage levels for the threshold voltage, wherein by detection of 2.3V at a time when an externally supplied voltage rises, a detection signal goes to an “H” level, whereupon an internal step-down circuit, made up of a constant voltage circuit, and so forth, comes into action, generating an internal operation voltage at 2.2V to be subsequently supplied, and thereafter, by detection of 2.1V, the detection signal goes to an “L” level, whereupon the externally supplied voltage, as it is, is supplied as the internal operation voltage.

Abstract: Continuous-wave radiation is used to detect a target hidden behind a surface. In an embodiment, a transmitter directs a beam of continuous-wave microwave radiation from a transmitting location, and reflected radiation from the target is received at first and second receiving locations closer to the surface than the transmitting location. The transmitting and receiving locations have spatial relationships such that the phase of reflected radiation received at one receiving location is in quadrature with the phase of reflected radiation received at the other receiving location. In an embodiment, direct transmitted radiation is received at the receiving locations in quadrature.

Abstract: A zoom lens system for a microscope includes, in the following order from the object side, a first lens group having a positive refractive power, a second lens group having a negative refractive power, a third lens group having a positive refractive power, and a fourth lens group having a positive refractive power. Magnification of the zoom lens system is varied by moving the second lens group and the third lens group. The zoom lens system has an entrance pupil on the object side of the first lens group, and the following conditions are satisfied: ?1.3<?2H<?0.7 ?0.1<1/?3L<0 where ?2H is the magnification of the second lens group in the highest magnification state, and ?3L is the magnification of the third lens group in the lowest magnification state.

Abstract: In an insulated-gate type semiconductor device in which a gate-purpose conductive layer is embedded into a trench which is formed in a semiconductor substrate, and a source-purpose conductive layer is provided on a major surface of the semiconductor substrate, a portion of a gate pillar which is constituted by both the gate-purpose conductive layer and a cap insulating film for capping an upper surface of the gate-purpose conductive layer is projected from the major surface of the semiconductor substrate; a side wall spacer is provided on a side wall of the projected portion of the gate pillar; and the source-purpose conductive layer is connected to a contact region of the major surface of the semiconductor substrate, which is defined by the side wall spacer.

Abstract: 1 indicates the rotating point of the eyeball, 2 indicates the first eye position, 3 indicates the second eye position, and 4 indicates the third eye position. The lines indicated by thick lines at the respective eye positions are the horizontal meridian and vertical meridian (principal meridian) of the cornea. As is seen from the figure, the directions of the horizontal meridian and vertical meridian of the cornea at the third eye position 4, in particular, do not coincide with the directions of the horizontal meridian and vertical meridian at the first eye position 1. In the present means, in order to perform aberration correction of the ophthalmic lens not only in the first eye position and second eye position but also in the third eye position under conditions that are suited to the prescription of the user and conditions of use, the prescription surface is made aspherical while taking into account the astigmatic axis of the eye at arbitrary eye positions in accordance with the laws of Donders-Listing.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes external interface terminals and processing circuits, and couples to an operating power source when detachably set in a host equipment. Power source feeding terminals (VCC, VSS) among the external interface terminals are long enough to keep touching the corresponding terminals of the host equipment for at least a predetermined time period since the separation of an extraction detecting terminal from a corresponding terminal of the host equipment, and they are formed to be longer in the extraction direction of the semiconductor device than the extraction detecting terminal. These power source feeding terminals are a power source terminal and a ground terminal, and any power source compensating capacitor is not connected between the power source terminal and the ground terminal.

Abstract: A roller type one-way clutch includes an outer ring and an inner ring disposed concentrically with each other for rotation relative to each other, the outer ring having an axially extending annular inner peripheral cam surface, the inner ring being disposed in the outer ring and having an annular outer peripheral raceway surface, and a plurality of rollers disposed between the outer ring and the inner ring for transmitting torque between the outer peripheral raceway surface and the inner peripheral cam surface. The rolling surface of each of the rollers has a recess depressed toward the axis thereof over the entire circumference thereof. In an alternative arrangement, an axially extending annular inner peripheral raceway surface is provided on the outer ring and an annular outer peripheral cam surface is provided on the inner ring.

Abstract: A power supply, including a step-up converter, a resonant converter, and control unit. The step-up converter is connected to the resonant converter; the step-up converter and the resonant converter are each connected to the primary control unit.

Abstract: A cross joint comprises yokes each formed with a bearing hole and a spider shaft rotatably fitted into the bearing hole through a rolling bearing. The spider shaft is formed with a contact portion with the rolling bearing, the contact portion having its outside diameter larger than an outside diameter of the spider shaft.

Abstract: The present invention provides a data communication method and a data communication device capable of performing high-speed data communication by using a parallel link and higher-speed data communication by reducing a timing skew. A data communication method includes: a step of encoding data of N bits (N being 2 or larger) to transmission data of M bits (M being 3 or larger) on a transmission side; a step of generating a transmission signal in which transition takes place in at least one level of any of the transmission data synchronously with a transmission clock and transmitting the transmission signal to a transmission line on the transmission side; a step of recognizing transition in the signal of M bits received via the transmission line and detecting the reception data of M bits synchronized with the transmission clock on a reception side; and a step of decoding the reception data of M bits to the data of N bits.