Abstract: The present invention provides a data communication method and a data communication device capable of performing high-speed data communication by using a parallel link and higher-speed data communication by reducing a timing skew. A data communication method includes: a step of encoding data of N bits (N being 2 or larger) to transmission data of M bits (M being 3 or larger) on a transmission side; a step of generating a transmission signal in which transition takes place in at least one level of any of the transmission data synchronously with a transmission clock and transmitting the transmission signal to a transmission line on the transmission side; a step of recognizing transition in the signal of M bits received via the transmission line and detecting the reception data of M bits synchronized with the transmission clock on a reception side; and a step of decoding the reception data of M bits to the data of N bits.

Abstract: Providing a two-lens-group zoom lens system that has a wide angle of view, a fast aperture ratio with an f-number of about 2.8, a high zoom ratio, and high optical performance, and is easy to be manufactured. The zoom lens system is composed of, in order from an object, a first lens group G1 having negative refractive power, and a second lens group G2 having positive refractive power. Zooming is carried out by varying a distance between the first lens group G1 and the second lens group G2. The second lens group G2 includes, in order from the object, a first positive lens component L1, an aperture stop S, a second positive lens component L2, and a negative lens L3. Given conditional expression is satisfied.

Abstract: In a damper apparatus including springs, a holder for holding the springs, and a plate having pawls engaged by the springs, splines are provided on an inner peripheral portion and an outer peripheral portion of the damper apparatus.

Abstract: In a tilt and/or telescopic type steering column apparatus for a vehicle, in which a column sided bracket attached to a steering column is so provided as to be swingable about a car body sided bracket attached to a car body, the two brackets are press-fitted to each other by fastening a fastening bolt inserted through the two brackets and thus fastened in a tilt and/or telescopic adjustment position, while a tilt and/or telescopic adjustment can be made by releasing the two brackets from being press-fitted by slackening the fastening bolt, a balance or leap-up spring for biasing a pair of biasing end portions each other is provided, the one biasing end portion of the balance or leap-up spring is fitted to the car body or the car body sided bracket, and the other biasing end portion supports sad steering column or the column sided bracket, an improvement is characterized in that a slide member abutting on the steering column or the column sided bracket is attached to the other biasing end portion of the balanc

Abstract: A rotation-responsive type one-way clutch comprises an outer race having a cylindrical inner peripheral surface, an inner race having a cam surface, a rolling element for transmitting a torque between the outer and inner races, an urging spring for urging the rolling element, a weight member adapted to be exerted thereto with a centrifugal force, for pressing the rolling element in an engaging direction while overcoming an urging force of the urging spring, and a guide structure for preventing the urging spring from displacing radially outward.

Abstract: A data processor having: an instruction fetch unit for acquiring an instruction; and an instruction execution unit for execution, by pipeline processing, the instruction acquired by the instruction fetch unit. In the data processor, the instruction execution unit includes an execution pipeline pipelined into two or more stages for execution of the execution instruction, and an execution pipeline control unit capable of changing a stage to arrange an operation by the execution unit in according to the number of wait cycles until data required for execution of the execution instruction is fixed. The stage, where an operation by the execution unit is arranged, is changed according to the number of wait cycles until the data is fixed, whereby the number of input-fixing wait cycles increased by pipelining cache access can be reduced.

Abstract: For simplifying the dual-damascene formation steps of a multilevel Cu interconnect, a formation step of an antireflective film below a photoresist film is omitted. Described specifically, an interlayer insulating film is dry etched with a photoresist film formed thereover as a mask, and interconnect trenches are formed by terminating etching at the surface of a stopper film formed in the interlayer insulating film. The stopper film is made of an SiCN film having a low optical reflectance, thereby causing it to serve as an antireflective film when the photoresist film is exposed.

Abstract: There is provided semiconductor memory capable of reconfiguring an area to be given an authentication key and access limitation, and there is implemented an information distribution system having an advanced security function using the semiconductor memory. Part of a storage area in the semiconductor memory stores information about the area to be given the authentication key and the access limitation. Alternatively, the authentication key is stored in units of data to be authenticated for limiting an access to stored information. Information is protected doubly by storing encrypted information in the area provided with the access limitation according to the above-mentioned method.

Abstract: Each of switching circuits included in each of semiconductor memory chips performs switching among interface functions of predetermined second external connecting electrodes by bonding options in accordance with states of potentials applied to first external connecting electrodes. The second external connecting electrodes intended for interchange of the interface functions are electrodes for plural-bit parallel input/output and electrodes for the input of control signals. For example, the switching circuit interchanges interface functions among the predetermined second external connecting electrodes and switches between valid and invalid states of the interface functions of the predetermined second external connecting electrodes.

Abstract: The present invention reduces corrosion rates on metal surfaces, such as the interior surfaces of gas flow control components by depositing a chemically inert layer on the metal surface of the component and other associated parts of the component that are exposed to corrosive gases. The disclosed method provides for depositing a relatively chemically inert thin film such as silicon dioxide along the gas exposed surface areas of the metal surface thereby enhancing corrosion protection to the metal surfaces. The present invention can be used to deposit a chemically inert thin film at locations inside components that are outside a direct line of sight and at locations normally unreachable by a gas flowing through the components. The present invention does not require a vacuum system for the deposition of the corrosion-resistant thin film.

Abstract: A semiconductor data processor has a first memory(6) constituting a cache memory, a second memory(20) capable of being a cacheable area or a non-cacheable area by the first memory, and a read buffer(12) capable of carrying out an operation for outputting data corresponding to a read access when the second memory is read accessed as the non-cacheable area. The designation of the cacheable area and the non-cacheable area for the second memory is determined by the designation of a cacheable area or a non-cacheable area for a memory space to which the second memory is mapped. The designation may be carried out in the operation mode of the data processor or by setting a control register, for example.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a wiring board, a first semiconductor chip (e.g. DRAM) that is flip-chip connected on the wiring board, a second semiconductor chip (e.g. DRAM) that is of the same type as the first semiconductor chip and is mounted face up on the first semiconductor chip such that the orientation of the arrangement of the pads is at 90° from that of the first semiconductor chip, a third semiconductor chip (e.g. microcomputer chip) disposed on the second semiconductor chip, wires, and a sealing medium. The wiring board has a plurality of common wiring patterns for electrically connecting first electrodes for the first semiconductor chip and second electrodes for the second semiconductor chip. The common wiring patterns can be disposed without crossing on the surface wire layer of the wiring board.

Abstract: A spacer is interposed between a body-side bracket and a column-side bracket for retaining a steering column. A pin insertion hole through which a supporting pin is passed is formed in the spacer. A portion of the spacer to be broken by the shock of collision is formed in a region of the spacer surrounding the pin insertion hole.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for processing and transmitting digital data in a mobile telephone network, particularly using the GSM standard, and more particularly for applications using the so-called SIM Toolkit standard stores in a smart card of the so-called SIM Type of a unit of mobile equipment (1). According to the method, so-called master applications (30M) are remoted to a remote server (3) with which the mobile equipment (1) communicates. These applications (30M) communicate with the SIM smart card (2) via the circuits of the mobile equipment (10) and first and second types of so-called “reporter” SIM Toolkit applications, respectively called “reporter” (21) and “slave” (22). The invention also concerns an embedded microchip system, particularly a smart card of the so-called SIM type.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a clutch housing comprises: a first step of forming a work into a pre-product having a shaft portion and an outer drum portion enclosing the shaft portion integrally with the shaft portion; a second step of subjecting the pre-product to predetermined processing; and a third step of providing a spline on an inner periphery of the outer drum portion by flow forming, and forming the clutch housing into an almost completed product, wherein in the first step, an outer peripheral cylindrical portion of the outer drum portion is formed while being offset in an axial direction with respect to the shaft portion so that it is not opposite to at least part of the shaft portion in a radial direction.

Abstract: A steering column apparatus comprising: a steering column provided with a body-side bracket mounted to a body strength member to have a pair of side plate portions opposed each other to be extended in a vertical direction, and a substantially cylindrical distance unit for supporting a steering shaft to be rotatable therein and having a pair of pressed and expanding portions formed to be expanded by plastic working to be pressed and supported by the side plate portions of the body-side bracket; and an adjusting mechanism capable of adjusting a position of the steering column with respect to the side plate portions of the body-side bracket within a predetermined range, wherein the steering column is formed with a reinforcement portion for enhancing the clamping rigidity of the distance unit with respect to the side plate portions.

Abstract: A PLL circuit equipped with a loop gain detecting circuit that can suppress the change of the loop gain. When detecting the loop gain, the frequency of the input signal to the second input (IN-2) of the phase detector is first changed, and the response corresponding to the change is detected by the output of the voltage locked oscillator. The detection is performed by connecting the output of the voltage locked oscillator with the counter and connecting the output of the counter with the integrator. The phase locked loop characteristics are optimized by performing feedback for the detection result on the value of the charge pump current.

Abstract: A semiconductor device comprising a first wiring board having a plurality of external connection terminals on one side, semiconductor chips mounted on the other side of the first wiring board and electrically connected to the first wiring board by a plurality of wires, a sealing resin for sealing the semiconductor chips and the wires, and a second wiring board having a plurality of contact points on one side and bonded to the top surface of the sealing resin on the other side, wherein the upper end portions of the loops of the plurality of wires for electrically connecting the first wiring board to the semiconductor chips are exposed from the top surface of the sealing resin and electrically connected to the second wiring board.

Abstract: A first flow path is defined within a first panel that forms a part of an extracorporeal fluid circuit. A second flow path is defined within a second panel that also forms a part of the extracorporeal fluid circuit. The first and second panels are oriented in a fluid processing cartridge for mounting as an integrated unit on a fluid processing machine and for removal as an integrated unit from the fluid processing machine.

Abstract: There is provided a control circuit (409) for fetching a result of a comparison of a part of bits of entry data with a corresponding bit of comparison data and prohibiting a comparison of residual bits in the entry data with the corresponding bit of the comparison data when the result of the comparison is mismatched, and the comparison of the residual bits in the entry data with the corresponding bit of the comparison data is prohibited. Consequently, the number of signal lines to be activated in one cycle of a comparing operation is decreased. Thus, a reduction in a consumed power can be achieved.