Abstract: The present invention relates to an optical communication, and more particularly, to a wideband wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) optical communication system which can have a broad amplification band while overcoming a polarization dependency and solving a signal leakage between channels. In an optical amplifier module and optical transmission system for a WDM optical communication system using this, the optical amplifier module uses a semiconductor quantum dot optical amplifier as an amplifying means, and thus has a wide amplification bard and has no a polarization dependency of a gain and a signal leakage between channels, and the optical transmision system uses a semiconductor quantum dot optical amplifier module when several optical amplifier modules are connected for use so that a gain automatically becomes flat and automatically becomes fixed even though a channel number and an input signal size become different.
Abstract: A semiconductor memory device includes a redundant memory cell, an electrode and an output circuit. The redundant memory cell is used instead of a memory cell when the memory cell has a defect. The electrode applys with a test signal for setting a test condition from outside in testing the redundant memory cell. The output circuit outputs data read out of the memory cell and the redundant memory cell. When the test signal is applied to the electrode to set the test condition for the redundant memory cell, the output circuit is configured to output data read out of the redundant memory cell at a level different from a signal level of data readout of the memory cell for output.
Abstract: An optical multiplex communication system includes a multiplexer and a demultiplexer. In the multiplexer, one of two modulated optical pulse train signals is attenuated by an optical attenuator so that amplitudes of the two signals differ from each other. Then, the two signals are time-division multiplexed to produce a multiplexed optical pulse train signal. In the demultiplexer, a VD detector indirectly derives the amplitude of the extracted optical pulse train signal and outputs it to a comparator. A VR detector derives the mean amplitude of the multiplexed optical pulse train signal and outputs it to the comparator. Based on the inputted amplitudes, the comparator identifies the extracted optical pulse train signal. A controller and a mixer control the signal extraction timing such that the extracted optical pulse train signal as identified by the comparator agrees with selection designated by an externally inputted select signal.
Abstract: A photolithographic apparatus, system and method employing an improved refractive medium. The photolithographic apparatus may be used in an immersion lithography system for projecting light onto a workpiece such as a semiconductor wafer. In one embodiment, the photolithographic apparatus includes a container containing a transparent fluid. The fluid container is positioned between a lens element and the wafer. The container is further characterized as having a substantially flexible and transparent bottom membrane contacting an upper surface of the wafer and overlapping at least one side edge of the wafer such that a fluid filled skirt is formed extending beyond the edges of the wafer.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
March 25, 2004
Date of Patent:
April 11, 2006
Assignee:
International Business Machines Corporation
Inventors:
Mark Charles Hakey, David Vaclay Horak, Charles William Koburger, III, Peter H. Mitchell
Abstract: A non-permeable pipe connector structure, the design of which effectively prevents external material (such as vapor and miscellaneous substances, etc.) intrusion. To obstruct the intrusion of external matter into the pipe connector, a ball bearing holder is disposed at the pipe connector, enabling even greater ball bearing durability and, furthermore, free rotation. A protective flange is disposed as the bottom surface of the ball bearing holder such that when the coupling nipple and the connector base are fastened together, the protective flange effectively blocks external matter, thereby precluding entry to avert subsequent damage to the bearings. Furthermore, a rubber sealing ring sleeved onto the annular groove prevents vaporous or acid and alkaline substance intrusion into the bearings, and has safe defensive effectiveness.
Abstract: A fast look-ahead path modulation apparatus, used in a recording medium modulation apparatus, reduces computation time during its look-ahead path modulation procedure. It is based on different selection criteria of predetermined states, paths and characteristics of modulation. Accordingly, the apparatus drastically reduces the amount of computation in a regular look-ahead path modulation apparatus. It also reduces hardware costs of the recording medium modulation apparatus and increases efficiency.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
March 16, 2005
Date of Patent:
April 11, 2006
Assignee:
Industrial Technology Research Institute
Abstract: An adapter for a memory card having a frame metal fitting to which an end portion of the card is inserted, whereby the card is detachably fitted, and a resin-molded body core assembled in the frame metal fitting by insertion, wherein an entire thickness of the adapter being approx. the same as that of the card, the frame metal fitting having a pair of holding portions in an approx. C shape in both end portions on the side of the card attached to hold both sides of the card, a hook portion between a pair of the holding portions being detachably engaged with the end portion of the card by spring force to prevent the card from coming off, a caulking projection fixing the core by caulking to the core, and an insulative coating film formed on the outer surface of the frame metal fitting.
Abstract: A layout of flash memory having symmetric select transistors includes a memory cell array and a polysilicon gate. The polysilicon gate forms a plurality of select transistors in coordination with a plurality of pairs of sources/drains, so as to connect to the memory cell array. The polysilicon is perpendicularly extended toward a direction of the memory cell array, thereby overcoming a drawback as select transistors being unsymmetrical in a prior flash memory structure.
Abstract: A vacuum suction apparatus with adjustment lever is disclosed. The structure of the vacuum suction apparatus includes a suction cup and a wheel base, which has a receptacle being attached by the suction cup from underneath, a semi-circular cogwheel being fixed on top of the receptacle, and an adjustment lever pivotally connected through an opening. The adjustment lever has a pinion on the bottom end, where the gearing of the pinion is to fit against corresponding gearing on the vertically erected rack at the center when the lever is in locked position. The upper portion of the lever also has a suction lock/release that allows the user to manually adjust the angle of the lever by pegging onto scooped cogwheel with a slider, so the suction strength can be adjusted desirably for continuously holding onto the same spot in extended use.
Abstract: A heat dissipation apparatus and method for dissipating heat from a heat source includes a thermal conductive element bonding to the heat source to transfer heat energy generated by the heat source and a vibration source located on the thermal conductive element to accelerate heat transfer to the edges of the thermal conductive element to perform heat exchange with external cooling air and improve cooling efficiency.
Abstract: A circuit for glitch-free changing of clocks having different phases. The circuit comprises a phase detector for receiving a data stream and a system clock, and generating a phase-up signal and a phase-down signal; a flag signal generator for receiving the phase-up signal and the phase-down signal, and then generating M flag signals, wherein the select signal corresponding to the enabled flag signal is enabled; an output stage for receiving the M select signals and the M clocks, and then outputting the system clock.
Abstract: A paperless image fax-scanning apparatus includes: an image scanning unit utilized to scan documents to be scanned to generate image data; a faxing unit, when connected to a telephone line, utilized to transmit the image data generated from the image scanning unit or to receive image data via the telephone line; a data storage unit, which can be connected to a portable data storage medium, utilized to store the image data received by the faxing unit at the above mentioned portable data storage medium; an input interface, which includes at least one set of operation keyboards, utilized to input various operation signals into the paperless image fax-scanning apparatus; and a control unit utilized to control the operation of the image fax-scanning apparatus.
Abstract: A method of processing a phone dialing process. At first, whether the dial key signal of the dial device is inputted is checked. When the dial key signals of the dial device are inputted and the dial device is not connected, that is, a user is pressing a phone number, the values corresponding to the inputted dial key signals are sequentially stored in a first memory. When the dial device is connected but the dial key signals of the dial device are still inputted, which means that the user is pressing an extension number or a key instruction, the values corresponding to the inputted dial key signal are also stored in the first memory. In addition, at least a time value is stored in a second memory. During the redial procedure, the time value can be used to properly process the time delay problem between the normal phone number and the extension number.
Abstract: At the detection of an occurrence of a sheet feeder jam, in a case where media in the course of being printed on one face exist, printing this one face is continued, and this medium is inserted into the duplex printing unit. After this, relief of the sheet feeder jam is requested, and change in the duplex printing unit is monitored. In the case where there is no change in the duplex printing unit, after the printing process is re-started, re-use of the medium is allowed.
Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for dynamically hiding a defect in a memory. In one embodiment, an entry occupied mapping includes a plurality of fields each corresponding to an entry of a memory, and during the initial test procedure of the memory the field corresponding to a defective entry is marked to make it perceived as occupied and thus the defective entry will not be used hereafter. In another embodiment, pseudo entries are selected from a backup register pool or backup memory. Each pseudo entry corresponds to a defective entry, and subsequent access to the defective entry is redirected to the corresponded pseudo entry.