Abstract: A guided fluid driven turbine to upgrade the efficiency in converting fluid kinetics into rotation kinetics by having a specific directional guide unit adapted to a fluid driven turbine for the fluid to be guided the open-end, specific directional guide unit extending from its head along the load side of the turbine, thus to change the fluid pressure on the load surface of the turbine.

Abstract: A sound source localization system and a sound source localization method. The sound source localization system includes sound capturing devices and an arithmetic unit. The sound capturing devices sense a sound source to output time domain signals. The arithmetic unit transforms the time domain signals into frequency domain signals, performs a cross spectrum process according to the frequency domain signals to determine time differences of arrival, and locates the sound source according to the time differences of arrival and locations of the sound capturing devices.

Abstract: Provided is a field emission device, and more particularly, a field emission back light unit which makes an interconnection connected with an external electrode simple and capable of local dimming. To this end, a cathode structure for the field emission back light unit includes a plurality of data electrodes formed on a cathode substrate and spaced apart from one another, an insulating layer formed on the data electrodes, and having exposure regions exposing the predetermined data electrodes, cathode electrodes formed on the insulating layer and electrically connected with the data electrodes through the exposure regions, and at least one field emitter formed on the cathode electrodes, wherein a cathode block is defined based on the cathode electrodes electrically isolated from one another, and brightness of each cathode block can be controlled according to current supplied through the data electrode.

Abstract: A logic circuit includes two two-terminal switching devices and receives first and second pulses as inputs. Each of the two devices has two different stable resistivity values for each applied voltage that is greater than a first threshold voltage (Vth1) and is smaller than a second threshold voltage (Vth2) that is larger than Vth1. Each switching device, when a voltage less than or equal to Vth1 is applied, becomes in a first state having the higher resistivity of the two resistivity values, whereas when a voltage more than or equal to Vth2 is applied, becomes in a second state having the lower resistivity of the two resistivity values. The two devices are connected in series in a direction with uniform polarity to each other. The first and second states are selectively generated in the first and second devices by a combination of inputs of the first and second pulses.

Abstract: Provided are a method and apparatus for modeling source-drain current of a TFT. The method includes receiving sample data, the sample data including a sample input value and a sample output value; adjusting modeling variables according to the sample data; calculating a current model value according to the adjusted modeling variables; when a difference between the calculated current model value and the sample output value is smaller than a predetermined threshold value, fitting a current model by applying the adjusted modeling variables to the current model; applying actual input data to the fitted current model; and outputting a result value corresponding to the actual input data, wherein the current model is a model for predicting the source-drain current of the TFT.

Abstract: A magnetic transfer method includes a conjoined body formation step of stacking a transfer master storing transfer information on a transfer receiving body. Air between contact surfaces of the transfer master and transfer receiving body is pushed out in the direction of a non-pressurized area by pressurizing the stacked transfer master and transfer receiving body, to form the conjoined body. The method further includes a transfer step of, by bringing a magnetic field generating module close to the conjoined body, and applying a magnetic field, carrying out a magnetic transfer of the transfer information from the transfer master to the transfer receiving body. A surface roughness of smooth portions of the transfer master in which no transfer information is formed, and the surface roughness of the transfer receiving body, is 1 nm or less.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus performs authentication of users. A first and second user inputs first and second user information, respectively, through an input section. A controller controls the authentication section to perform first authentication of the first user information, and controls the job execution section to execute the first job if the first authentication is successful. The controller controls the job execution section to halt execution of the first job upon an interrupt by the second user, and to execute the second job when the first job remains interrupted. A memory stores interrupt information indicative of a status of execution of the first job when the interrupt occurs. The controller controls the authentication section to perform second authentication of the first user information after the second job has been completed, and then controls the job execution section to resume execution of the first job if the second authentication is successful.

Abstract: An apparatus for operating a roller up and down is provided, which includes a main body fixed to a bottom of a shoe, an operating body to which the roller is imbedded, which is slidably mounted within the main body, and an operating assembly to move the operating body within the main body between an operating position and a non-operating position, wherein the roller protrudes out from the main body in the operating position while the roller is retracted into the main body in the non-operating position. A wearer of a shoe is capable of shifting the shoe between an operating position in which the roller protrudes out from the bottom of the shoe and a non-operating position in which the roller is retracted into the bottom of the shoe, by a simple operation. Accordingly, the shoe can be used as a roller shoe when the roller is in the operating position, and used as a general walking shoe for everyday use when the roller is in the non-operating position.

Abstract: A semiconductor device production method including: the step of forming a stopper mask layer of a first metal on a semiconductor substrate, the stopper mask layer having an opening at a predetermined position thereof; the metal supplying step of supplying a second metal into the opening of the stopper mask layer to form a projection electrode of the second metal; and removing the stopper mask layer after the metal supplying step.

Abstract: Provided is a pentaaryldiamine-containing bismaleimide compound of Formula (I): wherein Ar1 to Ar5 are independently C6-C12 aryl; and Ar4 and Ar5 are optionally substituted by one or more substitutent(s) selected from the group consisting of C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, and cyano. The compound of Formula (I) is obtained by a method including the steps of reacting a diamine with maleic anhydride in a solvent to form an amic acid, and cyclodehydrating the amic acid in the presence of a catalyst and a dehydrating agent. The compound of Formula (I) has a nonlinear and asymmetric structure, is amorphous, and is readily soluble in a variety of organic solvents so that the toughness of the product made there from can be improved and processing of the compound can be simplified.

Abstract: A bandgap reference circuit provided for generating an output reference substantially independent of temperature and power includes a first reference signal generator, a first impedance, a second reference signal generator and a second impedance. The first reference signal generator can generate a first reference signal proportional to absolute temperature. The second reference signal generator generates a second reference signal complementary to absolute temperature according to the first reference signal. The second impedance, the serially-coupled first impedance and second reference signal generator, and the first reference signal generator are coupled in parallel between two nodes. The bandgap reference circuit outputs the output reference voltage through the two nodes. According to an embodiment of the invention, the bandgap reference circuit can be implemented by an additional circuit of lower complexity to obtain a lower reference voltage.

Abstract: An air enclosure with independent double layer air chambers is constituted by disposing a middle film between a first outer film and a second outer film which are folded together, in which the length of the middle film is shorter than the first outer film and the second outer film, and the lower sides of the three parties are lined up with one another to allow an air filling passageway to be formed on one common end of the first outer film and the second outer film by means of hot sealing and in the meantime, a first air inlet and a plurality of first air chambers to be formed by adhering the first outer film to the middle film and a second air inlet and a plurality second air chambers to be formed by adhering the middle film to the second outer film.

Abstract: A lens array unit includes first lens array plates, second lens array plates and a support member. Each of the first lens array plate has multiple first lenses thereon. Each of the first lenses has a first optical axis that extends in a first direction and the first lenses are arranged in a second direction perpendicular to the first. Each of the second lens array plates has multiple second lenses thereon. Each of the second lenses has a second optical axis that extends in the first direction and the second lenses are arranged in the second. The support member has opposite first and second sides. The support member extends in the second direction to support the first lens array plates on the first side and support the second lens array plates on a second side so that each of the first lens array plates opposes a different corresponding one of the second lens array plates.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) panel including a lower substrate, an upper substrate and a liquid crystal layer interposed between the upper substrate and the lower substrate is provided. The liquid crystal layer includes at least one liquid crystal molecule and a stabilized alignment polymer, which is polymerized by a plurality of photosensitive monomers and formed on at least one of the surface of the upper substrate or the lower substrate. The photosensitive monomer is represented by the following chemical formula: P1-A1-(Z1—RS—Z2-A2)n-P2 Wherein, n?1; “P1” and “P2” are independently a polymerizable group; “A1” and “A2” are independently a aryl group; “Z1” and “Z2” are independently a linking group; and “RS” is straight-chain or branched-chain alkyl having 1 to 6 carbons or a derivative thereof.

Abstract: A light emitting apparatus includes optical thyristors, a driver circuit that supplies a drive current to the thyristors so that the thyristors emit light, and a control circuit that controls the thyristors. Each thyristor includes an anode, a cathode connected to the ground, and a gate. The thyristor emits light when the drive current flows therethrough. The control circuit controls the gate, causing a control current to flow from the anode to the gate to turn on the thyristors. The control circuit applies a control voltage to the gate, the control voltage being higher than a voltage appearing across the gate and the cathode when the thyristor remains turned on.

Abstract: A method for determining a sound standard for an input sound signal includes the following steps. Firstly, the input sound signal is filtered to obtain a first filtered signal corresponding to a first frequency and a second filtered signal corresponding to a second frequency. Next, the first filtered signal is frequency-demodulated to obtain a first demodulated filtered signal, and whether the input sound signal contains a FM analog component corresponding to the first frequency is determined accordingly. Next, the second filtered signal is decoded according to a digital sound standard to obtain a bit stream. Then, the bit steam is interpreted according to the digital sound standard, and whether the input sound contains a digital component corresponding to the digital sound standard is determined accordingly. Then, whether the input sound signal matches one of known sound standards is determined based on the determined results above.

Abstract: A gas sensor includes zinc oxide nano-structures formed on a substrate, a plurality of metal islands coated on a surface of each zinc oxide nano-structure and separated from one another, a first electrode electrically connected to one end of each zinc oxide nano-structure through the substrate, a second electrode electrically connected to the other end of each zinc oxide nano-structure, and a current variation-measuring unit electrically connected to each of the first electrode and the second electrode so as to measure a variation in the amount of current flowing between the first electrode and the second electrode. In order to form the plurality of metal islands on the zinc oxide nano-structures, a solution of metal components of a metal material is coated on the surface of each zinc oxide nano-structure.

Abstract: A method and mobile communication terminal for handover in a mobile communication network including at least one mobile communication base station and a communication satellite.

Abstract: A semiconductor device equipped with a primary semiconductor element and a temperature detecting element for detecting a temperature of the primary semiconductor element. The device includes a first semiconductor layer of a first conductivity type that forms the primary semiconductor element. A second semiconductor region of a second conductivity type is provided in the first semiconductor layer. A third semiconductor region of the first conductivity type is provided in the second semiconductor region. The temperature detecting element is provided in the third semiconductor region and is separated from the first semiconductor layer by a PN junction.