Abstract: A mop head for washing or wiping floors is adapted to fit on a mop holder having two plastic flaps which can be folded back upon each other, whereby the mop head includes securing members for securing it to one end of one flap of the mop holder, with the mop head further including a fabric layer having a pouch on one short side, and a strap on the other short side, whereby the strap can be tightly stretched on the one flap end via the securing members.

Abstract: In the production of highly concentrated pastes of .alpha.-sulfofatty acid alkyl ester alkali metal salts by reaction of fatty acid alkyl esters with gaseous SO.sub.3, subsequent after-reaction in liquid phase and neutralization with aqueous alkali hydroxide solutions, the sulfonation product and aqueous alkali metal hydroxide solution are introduced during neutralization into an aqueous phase initially containing 0 to 55% by weight washing-active substance at a pH value in the range from 2 to 8 and washing-active substance contents of 60 to 70% by weight are established.

Abstract: Light-colored ester sulfonates can be obtained by sulfonation of fatty acid lower alkyl esters and subsequent working up providing fatty acid esters having a low content of oxo compounds and unsaturated compounds are used in the sulfonation stage.

Abstract: In the production of light-colored pastes of .alpha.-sulfofatty acid alkyl ester alkali metal salts by reaction of fatty acid alkyl esters with gaseous SO.sub.3, subsequent after-reaction in liquid phase, neutralization with aqueous alkali metal hydroxide solutions and bleaching, effective bleaching can be obtained without any reduction in the washing-active substance content by addition of the hydrogen peroxide during neutralization of the .alpha.-sulfofatty acid alkyl ester and subjecting the neutralization product obtained to a temperature-controlled after-reaction.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for a passivating post-treatment of phosphated metal surfaces of iron, steel, galvanized steel, zinc, aluminum, and their alloys, in which the phosphated metal surfaces are brought into contact at temperatures in the range from 10.degree. to 60.degree. C. with chromium-free, acidic, silicate-containing aqueous solutions having a pH in the range of 2 to 5 and 0.5 to 50 g/l of SiO.sub.2 and 0.5 to 100 g/l of an acid.

Abstract: A lubricant and surface conditioner for formed metal surfaces, particularly beverage containers, reduces the coefficient of static friction of said metal surfaces and enables drying said metal surfaces at a lower temperature. The conditioner includes a water-soluble organic material selected from a phosphate ester, alcohol, fatty acid including mono-, di-, tri-, and polyacids; fatty acid derivatives such as salts, hydroxy acids, amides, esters, ethers and derivatives thereof; and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Mixtures containinga) 58 to 95% by weight of at least one ester with an iodine value of 50 to 150 derived from fatty acids containing 12 to 22 carbon atoms and lower aliphatic alcohols containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms,b) 4 to 40% by weight of at least one ester of fatty acids containing 6 to 14 carbon atoms and lower aliphatic alcohols containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms andc) 0.1 to 2% by weight of at least one polymeric ester, are distinguished by particular low-temperature stability and can be used as a fuel for diesel engines.

Abstract: An effective phosphate free and organic solvent free aqueous acidic cleaner for soiled plastic surfaces is an aqueous solution or dispersion that has a pH in the range from about 4.4--about 6.1; that has a buffering capacity sufficiently high that at least 0.06 milliequivalents of a strong alkali per liter of the composition must be added to raise the pH of the composition by 0.1 pH unit; and that consists essentially of water and:(A) from about 0.4 to about 10 milliequivalents per kilogram of total composition ("mEq/kg") of acids selected from the group consisting of hydroxycarboxylic and dicarboxylic acids;(B) from about 1.4 to about 20 mEq/kg of salts containing anions of acids selected from the group consisting of hydroxycarboxylic and dicarboxylic acids; and(C) from about 0.21 to about 3.3 grams per kilogram of total composition ("g/kg") of nonionic surfactant; and, optionally,(D) an amount of hydrotrope material that is from about 0.25 to about 0.

Abstract: Guerbet carbonates corresponding to formula (I) ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is a branched alkyl radical containing 12 to 44 carbon atoms and R.sup.2 has the same meaning as R.sup.1 or is a linear alkyl radical containing 1 to 12 carbon atoms; their use as lubricants; and a process for their preparation in which Guerbet alcohols are used to transesterify dialkyl carbonates of formula III ##STR2## in which R.sup.3 is a linear alkyl radical containing 1 to 12 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Process for forming an autodeposition coating on a metallic substrate by applying an autodepositing composition from a motile source thereof such as by spraying or by treating the surface with a continuous stream of the autodepositing composition.

Abstract: A method for improving the wetting ability of aqueous compositions used to coat substrates by including in the aqueous compositions a mixture of aliphatic glycoside and a fatty alcohol containing from 7 to 20 carbon atoms.

Abstract: In the production of .alpha.-sulfofatty acid alkyl ester alkali metal salt pastes by reaction of fatty acid alkyl esters with gaseous SO.sub.3, subsequent after-reaction in liquid phase and neutralization with aqueous alkali metal hydroxide solutions, the crude sulfonation product is fed to an at least two-stage cascade of stirred tanks equipped with heating and cooling systems in which it is subjected with mechanical agitation to a temperature-controlled after-reaction until a degree of sulfonation of at least 90% is reached, after which the aged sulfonation product is further processed in known manner to .alpha.-sulfofatty acid alkyl ester alkali metal salt pastes.

Abstract: The process of producing a detergent in the form of portioned pressings by extrusion of a homogeneous premix containing a plasticizer or lubricant into strands through a perforated die under a pressure of from about 25 to about 200 bar and forming compacted granules thereof, and then pressing the compacted granules into portioned pressings such as tablets.

Abstract: The invention relates to spinning finishes in the form of aqueous emulsions or aqueous solutions containing water-soluble polymer compounds hvaing weight average molecular weights of more than 10.sup.6.

Abstract: A polyurethane friable sealing compound free of solvent and plasticizer having a shore A hardness of below 40 and consisting essentially of a polyol component and an isocyanate component. The polyol component is selected from modified triglycerides obtained by partial ring opening of epoxidized triglycerides of a fatty acid mixture containing olefinically unsaturated fatty acids and monohydric or polyhydric alcohols. The isocyanate component is selected from polyfunctional aromatic and aliphatic isocyanates, wherein the OH:NCO equivalent ratio is from 1:0.1 to 1:1.15.

Abstract: An aqueous alkaline cleaner for aluminum has a pH in the range from 10.0-12.0 and contains:(A) from 0.5 to 10.0 g/L of an alkali builder component;(B) from 0.5 to 10.0 g/L of aminoalkyl- and/or hydroxyalkyldi-phosphonic acids and/or their water soluble salts;(C) from 0.1 to 3.0 g/L of an aluminum ion sequestering agent component; and(D) from 0.5 to 5.0 g/L of a surfactant component.Cleaning aluminum and aluminum alloy with such a cleaner generates an excellent surface condition with respect to de-smutting performance, water wettability, avoidance of black smut production, blackening, and paint adherence at least as good as that achieved with conventional acid cleaners, without requiring any acid wash.

Abstract: Method for enhancing the strength of paper comprising the steps ofA) contacting paper fibers with a water slurry of at least one polymer which is a homopolymer and/or a random copolymer of an allylamine;B) forming a paper sheet from the paper fibers; andC) drying the paper sheet.

Abstract: In the production of highly concentrated pastes of .alpha.-sulfofatty acid alkyl ester alkali metal salts by reaction of fatty acid alkyl esters with gaseous SO.sub.3, subsequent after-reaction in liquid phase and neutralization with aqueous alkali hydroxide solutions, the sulfonation product and aqueous alkali metal hydroxide solution are introduced during neutralization into an aqueous phase initially containing at least 55% by weight washing-active substance at a pH value in the range from 2 to 8 and washing-active substance contents of 60 to 70% by weight are established.

Abstract: The invention concerns apparatus for holding a bag containing powder so that powder can be removed through a suction line. The invention enables a bag-shaped powder container to be held in a position permitting the powder to be sucked out by the suction line. This is achieved by using a trough-shaped or bucket-shaped container. The bracket has a gripper element which hangs from a horizontal support arm, and a suction-line holder. The support arm and the suction-line holder are each located at a height above the container such that, when a bag is placed in the container, the bag is gripped at one of its top corners by the gripper element and held upright. The suction line is held so that it passes down through the suction-line holder and passes freely through an opening, in particular a slit-shaped opening, in the top of the bag and into the powder.

Abstract: Process for the production of a benzoyloxybenzene sulfonate by reaction of a phenol sulfonate with an optionally substituted benzoyl chloride in the presence of a base, wherein the reaction is carried out in a solvent mixture consisting of water and an organic solvent which is ethanol, isopropanol, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, or mixtures thereof.